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Hm Nai (Mandarin: Wunai (唔奈 Wúnài), Cantonese: Ng-nai) is a Hmong-Mien language spoken in western Hunan province, China. There are approximately 5800 people speaking this language, and the number is decreasing. Mao & Li (1997) determined it to be closely related to the Pa-Hng language.

Distribution

Hm Nai is spoken in:

• Longhui County: in Huxingshan 虎形山乡, Xiaoshajiang 小沙江乡, Motang 磨塘乡, Dashuitian 大水田乡. The Huxingshan 虎形山乡 dialect is the best documented variety, since it is typically used as the representative datapoint for Hm Nai.
• Xupu County
• Chenxi County
• Dongkou County
• Chengbu County
• Xinning County

References

1. ^ Hm Nai at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
2. Brenzinger, Matthias, ed. (2007). Language Diversity Endangered. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-017050-4.
3. "Bunu, Wunai". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2016-10-07. Retrieved 2017-02-10.
4. Mao Zongwu , Li Yunbing . 1997. A study of Pa-Hng . Shanghai: Shanghai Far East Publishing House .

Bibliography

• Mao, Zongwu 毛宗武; Li, Yunbing 李云兵 (1997). Bāhēngyǔ yánjiū 巴哼语研究 [A Study of Baheng ] (in Chinese). Shanghai: Shanghai yuandong chubanshe.
• Meng, Chaoji 蒙朝吉 (2001). Yáozú Bùnǔyǔ fāngyán yánjiū 瑤族布努语方言研究 [A Study of the Bunu Dialects of the Yao People] (in Chinese). Beijing: Minzu chubanshe.
• Yang, Zaibiao 杨再彪. 2016. Munaiyu yanjiu 呣奈语研究. Ph.D. dissertation. Changsha: Hunan Normal University 湖南师范大学.

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• Hmongic languages
• Languages of Hunan
• Hmong–Mien language stubs