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Xàtiva Xàtiva (Valencian) Játiva (Spanish)
Municipality
View of Xàtiva
FlagCoat of arms
Location of Xàtiva
XàtivaShow map of Valencian CommunityXàtivaShow map of Spain
Coordinates: 38°59′25″N 0°31′16″W / 38.99028°N 0.52111°W / 38.99028; -0.52111
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Valencian Community
Province	Valencia / València
Comarca	Costera
Judicial district	Xàtiva
Government
• Mayor	Roger Cerdà i Boluda (2015) (PSPV-PSOE)
Area
• Total	76.56 km (29.56 sq mi)
Elevation	115 m (377 ft)
Population
• Total	29,045
• Density	380/km (980/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	xativí, -ina (Val.) jativés, -esa / setabense (Sp.)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	46800
Official language(s)	Spanish and Valencian
Website	www.xativa.es

Xàtiva (Valencian: [ˈʃativa]; Spanish: Játiva [ˈxatiβa]) is a town in eastern Spain, in the province of Valencia, on the right (western) bank of the river Albaida and at the junction of the Valencia–Murcia and Valencia Albacete railways. It is located 25 km west of the Mediterranean Sea. During the Al-Andalus Islamic era, Arabs brought the technology to manufacture paper to Xàtiva. In the 12th century, Xàtiva was known for its schools, education, and learning circles. Islamic scholar Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi's last name refers to Xàtiva where he lived and died. After the Reconquista by Northern Christian kingdoms and the following Christian repopulation, the city became the cradle of one of the most powerful and controversial families of the Renaissance, the House of Borgia, which produced Popes like Callixtus III (Alfonso de Borgia) and Alexander VI (Rodrigo de Borgia).

History

Xàtiva (Saetabis in Latin) was famous in Roman times for its linen fabrics, mentioned by the Latin poets Ovid and Catullus. Xàtiva is also known as an early European centre of paper manufacture. In the 12th century, Arabs brought the technology to manufacture paper to Xàtiva (Arabic: شاطبة Shāṭiba).

It is the birthplace of two popes, Callixtus III and Alexander VI, and also the painter José Ribera (Lo Spagnoletto). It suffered a dark moment in its history at the hands of Philip V of Spain, who, after his victory at the Battle of Almansa during the War of the Spanish Succession, had the city besieged then ordered it to be burned and renamed San Felipe. In memory of the insult, the portrait of the monarch hangs upside down in the local museum of l'Almodí.

Xàtiva was briefly a provincial capital under the short-lived 1822 territorial division of Spain, during the Trienio Liberal. The Province of Xàtiva was revoked with the return to absolutism in 1823.

Main sights

Xàtiva is built on the margin of a fertile plain, and on the northern slopes of the Monte Vernissa, a hill with two peaks crowned by Xativa Castle.

The Collegiate Basilica, dating from 1414, but rebuilt about a century later in the Renaissance style, was formerly a cathedral, and is the chief among many churches and convents. The town-hall and a church on the castle hill are partly constructed of inscribed Roman masonry, and several houses date from the Moorish period.

Other sights include:

• Royal Monastery of the Assumption, Gothic and Baroque style, built during the 14th century and renovated in the 16th–18th centuries.
• Natal house of the Pope Alexander VI.
• Sant Feliu (St Felix) – 13th century church.
• Sant Pere (St Peter) – 14th century church. The interior has a Coffered ceiling decorated in Gothic-Mudéjar style.
• Hermitage of Santa Anna (15th century), in Gothic style.
• Almodí, a 14th-century Gothic edifice (1530–1548) now housing a Museum.
• Casa de l'Ensenyança, Xàtiva.
• Sant Francesc.
• Village of Anahuir.

Climate

Xàtiva has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSh) with mild winters and hot to very hot summers. September is the wettest month of the year as a result of cold drop episodes that occur mainly in autumn. Despite being located inland, its lower altitude means that temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) are rare, while in summer it is common for temperatures to approach or exceed 40 °C (104 °F). Summer nights are warm, often hovering around 20 °C (68 °F). Xàtiva also recorded the highest temperature ever in peninsular Spain during March, on 23 March 2001 which registered 38 °C (100 °F).

Notable people

• Abu al-Qasim al-Shatibi (538–590 AH / 1144–1194 CE)
• Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi (720–790 AH / 1320–1388 CE)
• Pope Calixtus III (1378–1458)
• Pope Alexander VI (1431–1503)
• Tomás Cerdán de Tallada (1530–1614)
• Diego Ramírez de Arellano (1580–1624)
• Jusepe de Ribera (1591–1652)
• Jaime Villanueva (1765–1824)
• Raimon (born 1940)
• Joan Ramos (born 1942)
• Toni Cucarella (born 1959)
• Feliu Ventura (born 1976)

Gallery

• Drawing of Xàtiva by Anton van den Wyngaerde in 1563, commissioned by King Philip II of Spain.
• Portrait of Philip V of Spain purposefully exhibited upside down in the Museum of Almodí [es]
• Collegiate church
• Hospital
• Town hall

See also

• Route of the Borgias

References

1. Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
2. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Játiva". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 280.
3. Muhammad Khalid Masud, Islamic Legal Philosophy: A Study of Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi's Life and Thought, McGill University 1977
4. "Definition - Numen - The Latin Lexicon - An Online Latin Dictionary - A Dictionary of the Latin Language". latinlexicon.org.
5. "Objectivas" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on May 27, 2007.
6. (in Spanish) División provisional del territorio español de 27 de Enero de 1822 Archived December 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, the text of the proposed 1822 territorial division of Spain, Instituto de Historia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC, Spanish National Research Council). Accessed online 2010-01-03.
7. "What is a cold drop?" (in Spanish). infobae.es. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
8. "La Aldea records the highest March temperature in the entire historical series in Spain" (in Spanish). eldiario.es. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
9. "AEMET OpenData". Aemet.es. Retrieved 4 December 2024.

External links

• Official website
• Media related to Xàtiva at Wikimedia Commons
• Xàtiva travel guide from Wikivoyage

Articles related to Xàtiva

v t e Municipalities of Costera L'Alcúdia de Crespins Barxeta Canals Cerdà El Genovés Estubeny La Font de la Figuera La Granja de la Costera Llanera de Ranes Llocnou d'En Fenollet La Llosa de Ranes Moixent/Mogente Montesa Novetlè/Novelé Rotglà i Corberà Torrella Vallada Vallés Xàtiva v t e Municipalities of the province of Valencia Ademuz Ador Agullent Aielo de Malferit Aielo de Rugat Alaquàs Albaida Albal Albalat de la Ribera Albalat dels Sorells Albalat dels Tarongers Alberic Alborache Alboraya Albuixech Alcublas Alcàntera de Xúquer Alcàsser Aldaia Alfafar Alfara de la Baronia Alfara del Patriarca Alfarp Alfarrasí Alfauir Algar de Palancia Algemesí Algimia de Alfara Alginet Almiserà Almoines Almussafes Almàssera Alpuente L'Alqueria de la Comtessa Alzira Andilla Anna Antella Aras de los Olmos Atzeneta d'Albaida Ayora Barx Barxeta Bellreguard Bellús Benaguasil Benagéber Benavites Beneixida Benetússer Beniarjó Beniatjar Benicolet Benifairó de la Valldigna Benifairó de les Valls Benifaió Beniflà Benigànim Benimodo Benimuslem Beniparrell Benirredrà Benissanó Benissoda Benissuera Bicorp Bocairent Bolbaite Bonrepòs i Mirambell Bufali Bugarra Burjassot Buñol Bèlgida Bétera Calles Camporrobles Canals Canet d'En Berenguer Carcaixent Carlet Carrícola Casas Altas Casas Bajas Casinos Castelló Castelló de Rugat Castielfabib Castellonet de la Conquesta Catadau Catarroja Caudete de las Fuentes Cerdà Chella Chelva Chera Cheste Chiva Chulilla Cofrentes Corbera Cortes de Pallás Cotes Cullera Càrcer Daimús Domeño Dos Aguas El Genovés El Palomar Emperador Enguera Estivella Estubeny Faura Favara Foios Fontanars dels Alforins Fortaleny Fuenterrobles Gandia Gavarda Gestalgar Gilet Godella Godelleta Guadasséquies Guadassuar Guardamar de la Safor Gátova Higueruelas Jalance Jarafuel L'Alcúdia L'Alcúdia de Crespins L'Eliana L'Énova L'Olleria La Font d'En Carròs La Font de la Figuera La Granja de la Costera La Llosa de Ranes La Pobla Llarga La Pobla de Farnals La Pobla de Vallbona La Pobla del Duc La Yesa Llanera de Ranes Llaurí Llocnou d'En Fenollet Llocnou de Sant Jeroni Llombai Llutxent Llíria Loriguilla Losa del Obispo Lugar Nuevo de la Corona Macastre Manises Manuel Marines Massalavés Massalfassar Massamagrell Massanassa Meliana Millares Miramar Mislata Mogente Moncada Montserrat Montaverner Montesa Montichelvo Montroy Museros Navarrés Novelé Náquera Oliva Olocau Ontinyent Otos Paiporta Palma de Gandía Palmera Paterna Pedralba Petrés Picanya Picassent Piles Pinet Polinyà de Xúquer Potries Puebla de San Miguel El Puig Puçol Quart de Poblet Quart de les Valls Quartell Quatretonda Quesa Rafelbunyol Rafelcofer Rafelguaraf Real de Gandía Real de Montroi Requena Riba-roja de Túria Riola Rocafort Rotglà i Corberà Rugat Ráfol de Salem Rótova Sagunt Salem San Antonio de Benagéber San Juan de Énova Sedaví Segart Sellent Sempere Senyera Serra Siete Aguas Silla Simat de la Valldigna Sinarcas Sollana Sot de Chera Sueca Sumacàrcer Tavernes Blanques Tavernes de la Valldigna Teresa de Cofrentes Terrateig Titaguas Torrebaja Torrella Torrent Torres Torres Tous Turís Tuéjar Utiel Valencia Vallada Vallanca Vallés Venta del Moro Vilamarxant Villalonga Villar del Arzobispo Villargordo del Cabriel Vinalesa Xeraco Xeresa Xirivella Xàtiva Yátova Zarra

• Xàtiva
• Route of the Borgias