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Xigazê 日喀则市 གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།Shigatse
Prefecture-level city
Samtse Dzongbuk, Shigatse
Nickname: Gateway to Everest
Location of Shigatse within China
Coordinates: 29°16′01″N 88°52′52″E / 29.267°N 88.881°E / 29.267; 88.881
Country	People's Republic of China
Autonomous region	Tibet
County-level divisions	1 district 17 counties
Municipal seat	Samzhubzê District
Area
• Total	182,000 km (70,000 sq mi)
Population
• Total	798,153
• Density	4.4/km (11/sq mi)
GDP
• Total	CN¥ 16.7 billion US$ 2.7 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 22,469 US$ 3,608
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 code	CN-XZ-02

Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê, or Rikaze (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་, Wylie: gzhis ka rtse, ZYPY: xigazê; Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: Rìkāzé), is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction, with an area of 182,000 km (70,271 sq mi), corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet.

Overview

The administrative center of the prefecture-level city is the Samzhubzê District. It is roughly equivalent to the historical Shigatse urban center, the second-largest city in Tibet, located about 280 km (170 mi) southwest of Lhasa and home to the Tashilhunpo Monastery, traditionally the seat of the Panchen Lama.

Some of the towns in the prefecture are: Gyantse (Gyantse County), Tingri (Tingri County), and Nyalam (Nyalam County).

On 11 July 2014 Shigatse Prefecture was upgraded into a prefecture-level city (the same status as Lhasa).

History

In the eighth century, the Tibetan Empire of Tibetan King Chisong Dezan invited Indian monk Padmasambhava into Tibet to build the Samye Mighur Lhundrub Tsula Khang, passing through the place of Rikaze where the practice of preaching, and predicated Lhasa as the center of snowy plateau followed by Nianmai (Shigatse). In the eleventh century the Sakya dynasty, Nianmai has initially begun urbanization.

In October 1959, Rikaze prefecture was established. In 1970, Rikaze Prefecture was abolished and Rikaze District was established. On 26 June 2014, by the State Council of the People's Republic of China agreed, the original Rikaze area abolished, the establishment of prefecture-level Shigatse city, the original county-level Shigatse city merged into the Sangzhuzi District. This was the second prefecture-level city established in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

On 18 December 2014, prefecture-level Shigatse City was officially established.

Population

According to the 2020 Chinese census, the resident population of the city was 798,153. Compared to 703,292 in the 6th Chinese Census, there was a total increase of 94,861 or 13.49% in ten years, with an average annual growth rate of 1.27%. Among them, the male population was 416,384, accounting for 52.17% of the total population, while the female population was 381,769, accounting for 47.83% of the total population. The sex ratio of the total population (100 females) was 109.07. The population aged 0-14 years was 209,900, accounting for 26.3% of the total population; the population aged 15-59 years was 516,838, accounting for 64.75% of the total population; and the population aged 60 years and above was 71,415, accounting for 8.95% of the total population, of which the population aged 65 years and above was 8.95%. 8.95% of the total population, of which 44,772 were aged 65 and above, accounting for 5.61% of the total population. The population living in towns and cities was 184,323, or 23.09% of the total population, while the population living in villages was 613,830, or 76.91% of the total population.

Ethnicity

Of the city's resident population, 42,501, or 5.32%, were Han Chinese; 748,443, or 93.77%, were Tibetans; and 7,209, or 0.9%, were other ethnic minorities. Compared with the 2010 Chinese Census, the Han population increased by 16,691, or 64.67%, and accounted for 1.66 percentage points of the total population; the populations of various ethnic minorities increased by 78,170, or 11.54%, and accounted for 1.66 percentage points of the total population. Among them, the Tibetan population increased by 76,779, an increase of 11.43%, accounting for a decrease of 1.73 percentage points in the proportion of the total population.

Transport

Rail

The Lhasa–Shigatse Railway connects Shigatse Railway Station with Lhasa and further connects with Qinghai via Qinghai–Tibet Railway. It takes about three hours to travel between Lhasa and Shigatse by train. It is possible to get back to Lhasa within the same day by train.

Air

Shigatse Peace Airport began operations on 30 October 2010 after an Airbus A319 landed safely, making it Tibet's fifth commercial airport. It is located 43 kilometres from Samzhubzê District at Jangdam Township at an elevation of 3,782 metres. The airport will be capable of supporting 230,000 passengers annually by 2020.

Shigatse Tingri Airport opened in December 2022.

Road

China National Highway 318 and China National Highway 219 are the main roads in and out of Shigatse.

Counties

Map
Samzhubzê Namling County Gyantse County Tingri County Sa'gya County Lhatse County Ngamring County Xaitongmoin County Bainang County Rinbung County Kangmar County Dinggyê County Zhongba County Yadong County Gyirong County Nyalam County Saga County Kamba County
Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Tibetan	Wylie	Population (2010 Census)	Area (km)	Density (/km)
City proper
Samzhubzê District	桑珠孜区	Sāngzhūzī Qū	བསམ་འགྲུབ་རྩེ་ཆུས།	bsam 'grub rtse chus	120,374	3,654	32.94
Rural
Namling County	南木林县	Nánmùlín Xiàn	རྣམ་གླིང་རྫོང་།	rnam gling rdzong	74,930	8,113	9.23
Gyantse County	江孜县	Jiāngzī Xiàn	རྒྱལ་རྩེ་རྫོང་།	rgyal rtse rdzong	63,503	3,859	16.45
Tingri County	定日县	Dìngrì Xiàn	དིང་རི་རྫོང་།	ding ri rdzong	50,818	13,859	3.66
Sa'gya County	萨迦县	Sàjiā Xiàn	ས་སྐྱ་རྫོང་།	sa skya rdzong	47,304	7,510	6.29
Lhatse County	拉孜县	Lāzī Xiàn	ལྷ་རྩེ་རྫོང་།	lha rtse rdzong	49,286	4,505	10.94
Ngamring County	昂仁县	Ángrén Xiàn	ངམ་རིང་རྫོང་།	ngam ring rdzong	51,472	20,105	2.56
Xaitongmoin County	谢通门县	Xiètōngmén Xiàn	བཞད་མཐོང་སྨོན་རྫོང་།	bzhad mthong smon rdzong	42,280	13,960	3.02
Bainang County	白朗县	Báilǎng Xiàn	པ་སྣམ་རྫོང་།	pa snam rdzong	42,551	2,806	15.16
Rinbung County	仁布县	Rénbù Xiàn	རིན་སྤུངས་རྫོང་།	rin spungs rdzong	27,826	2,123	13.10
Kangmar County	康马县	Kāngmǎ Xiàn	ཁང་དམར་རྫོང་།	khang dmar rdzong	20,522	6,165	3.32
Dinggyê County	定结县	Dìngjié Xiàn	གཏིང་སྐྱེས་རྫོང་།	gding skyes rdzong	20,319	5,816	3.49
Zhongba County	仲巴县	Zhòngbā Xiàn	འབྲོང་པ་རྫོང་།	'brong pa rdzong	22,147	43,594	0.50
Yadong County	亚东县	Yàdōng Xiàn	གྲོ་མོ་རྫོང་།	gro mo rdzong	12,920	4,306	3.00
Gyirong County	吉隆县	Jílóng Xiàn	སྐྱིད་གྲོང་རྫོང་།	skyid grong rdzong	14,972	9,009	1.66
Nyalam County	聂拉木县	Nièlāmù Xiàn	གཉའ་ལམ་རྫོང་།	gnya' lam rdzong	17,568	7,903	2.22
Saga County	萨嘎县	Sàgā Xiàn	ས་དགའ་རྫོང་།	sa dga' rdzong	14,036	12,411	1.13
Kamba County	岗巴县	Gǎngbā Xiàn	གམ་པ་རྫོང་།	gam pa rdzong	10,464	3,936	2.65

Climate

Shigatse has an elevation-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dwb).

Gallery

• Sakya Monastery
• Mountains in Shigatse Prefecture
• Monastery along the road from Shigatse to Mount Everest
• Cho Oyu from Tingri
• Photo of the Shigatse abbot taken around 1910
• Tibetan Army soldiers circa 1938 on parade. They are equipped with Lee-Enfield rifles.

See also

• Shigatse Photovoltaic Power Plant
• Shigatse People's Hospital

References

1. Powers, John (2016). The Buddha party : how the People's Republic of China works to define and control Tibetan Buddhism. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. pp. Appendix B, page 16. ISBN 9780199358182. OCLC 967694121.
2. 国家测绘局地名研究所 (1997). 中国地名录 [Gazetteer of China]. Beijing: SinoMaps Press. p. 311. ISBN 7-5031-1718-4.
3. Mapping the Tibetan World. Yukyasu Osada, Gavin Allwright, and Atushi Kanamaru. 1st edition 200. Reprint 2004. Kotan Books, Japan, pp. 109, 113.
4. Li, Zhe. 西藏日喀则成为中国最年轻地级市. 中国网. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
5. Translations on People's Republic of China. JPRS (Series). Joint Publications Research Service. 1972. p. 9. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
6. 陈至立主编 (2020). 辞海. 上海: 上海辞书出版社. p. 3644. ISBN 978-7-5326-5325-6.
7. "国务院批复西藏设立第四个地级市". 中国政府网. 3 April 2015. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
8. "西藏海拔最高地级市挂牌成立 助力藏西南经济发展_中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室". www.scio.gov.cn. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
9. "西藏海拔最高市日喀则市挂牌成立". paper.people.com.cn. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
10. ^ 日喀则市统计局、日喀则市第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室. "日喀则市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报". Archived from the original on 16 September 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
11. 西藏自治区第六次全国人口普查领导小组办公室、西藏自治区统计局、国家统计局西藏调查总队 (2012). 《西藏自治区2010年人口普查资料》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-6517-9.
12. "Shigatse Travel" ChinaTour.net Archived 16 August 2015 at Wikiwix Accessed 21 April 2013
13. "Tibet's Xigaze Airport begins operations - People's Daily Online". Archived from the original on 7 November 2010. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
14. "公司动态：公司重点保障项目——日喀则定日机场顺利通过行业验收". weixin.qq.com. 中航质. 12 December 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
15. IIRF Strategic Yearbook 2022-23. Notion Press. p. 251. ISBN 979-8-88883-276-9. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
16. Bakshi, A. (2001). Silk Road on Wheels: Travels Through Central Asia and Tibet. Odyssey Books. p. x. ISBN 978-81-900861-1-0. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
17. Bhattacharya, A. (2017). Journeys on the Silk Road Through Ages—Romance, Legend, Reality. Repro Knowledgcast Limited. p. 132. ISBN 978-93-86407-81-8. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
18. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
19. "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 27 September 2023.

Further reading

• Shigatse Annals

External links

• "Shigatse" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.

v t e Shigatse (Xigazê)
County-level divisions	District Samzhubzê Counties Bainang Dinggyê Gamba Gyantse Gyirong Kangmar Lhatse Namling Ngamring Nyalam Rinbung Sa'gya Saga Tingri Xaitongmoin Yadong Zhongba
Settlements	Bangxing Cazê Chagna Congdü Dêlêg Dhingri Gyantse Lhatse Lingma Mêmo Nailung Namling Nyalam Pama Pazhug Pagri (Phari) Raka Ramba Rongbuk Monastery Rongxar Samzhubzê Surco Shelkar Zhangmu
Landmarks	Changmoche Monastery Chokorgyel Monastery Daklha Gampo Donggar Monastery Dorje Pakmo Drongtse Monastery Garju Monastery Manmogang Monastery Menri Monastery Milarepa's Cave Narthang Monastery Ngor Palcho Monastery Ralung Monastery Sakya Monastery Shalu Monastery Tashilhunpo Tsi Nesar Shigatse Mosque
Geography	Ang Laren Lake Dajia Lake Jiesa Lake Renqingxiubu Lake Taruo Lake Everest Shishapangma Nyingchiinsha Samdang Khamsang Bukhangri Jombo Glacier Karola Glacier Yarlung Tsangpo Nathu La Pass Nangchu River
Transport	Shigatse Peace Airport Lhasa–Shigatse Railway China–Nepal Railway China–Nepal Friendship Highway Dazhuka Railway Station Denggu Railway Station Jiqiong Railway Station Kadui Railway Station Rinbung Railway Station Shigatse Railway Station G219 G318 S203 S204 S206 S304 S307
Economy & Development	Bainang Vegetable Production Base One River, Two Rivers Project Shigatse Photovoltaic Power Plant Manla Water Conservancy Hub Project Laluo Water Conservancy Project Xianghe Water Conservancy Hub Project
Hotels & Parks	Shigatse Hotel Gyangtse Hotel
Sciences	Ngari Networking Project

v t e Prefecture-level divisions of China
Notes: *Provincial capitals, ★Sub-provincial cities, ☆Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture *Sub prefectural-level divisions, ✧"Comparatively larger city [zh]" (较大的市) as approved by the State Council
Provinces Anhui *Hefei Wuhu Bengbu Huainan Ma'anshan Huaibei Tongling Anqing Huangshan Chuzhou Fuyang Suzhou Lu'an Bozhou Chizhou Xuancheng Fujian *Fuzhou ★Xiamen Putian Sanming Quanzhou Zhangzhou Nanping Longyan Ningde Gansu *Lanzhou Jiayuguan Jinchang Baiyin Tianshui Wuwei Zhangye Pingliang Jiuquan Qingyang Dingxi Longnan Linxia (Hui) Gannan (Tibetan) Guangdong *★Guangzhou ★Shenzhen Shaoguan Zhuhai Shantou Foshan Jiangmen Zhanjiang Maoming Zhaoqing Huizhou Meizhou Yangjiang Shanwei Heyuan Qingyuan Dongguan Zhongshan Jieyang Yunfu Guizhou *Guiyang Liupanshui Zunyi Anshun Bijie Tongren Qianxinan (Buyei and Miao) Qiannan (Buyei and Miao) Qiandongnan (Miao and Dong) Hainan *Haikou Sanya Danzhou Sansha *Wuzhishan *Qionghai *Wenchang *Wanning *Dongfang *Ding'an County *Tunchang County *Chengmai County *Lingao County *Baisha County (Li) *Changjiang County (Li) *Ledong County (Li) *Lingshui County (Li) *Baoting County (Li and Miao) *Qiongzhong County (Li and Miao) Hebei *Shijiazhuang ✧Tangshan Qinhuangdao Handan Xingtai Baoding Zhangjiakou "Kalgan" Chengde Cangzhou Langfang Hengshui Henan *Zhengzhou Kaifeng Luoyang Pingdingshan Anyang Hebi Xinxiang Jiaozuo Puyang Xuchang Luohe Sanmenxia Nanyang Shangqiu Xinyang Zhoukou Zhumadian *Jiyuan Hubei *★Wuhan Huangshi Shiyan Yichang Xiangyang Ezhou Jingmen Xiaogan Jingzhou Huanggang Xianning Suizhou Enshi (Tujia and Miao) *Xiantao *Qianjiang *Tianmen *Shennongjia Forestry District Heilongjiang *★Harbin Qiqihar Jixi Hegang Shuangyashan Daqing Yichun Jiamusi Qitaihe Mudanjiang Heihe Suihua Daxing'anling Prefecture Hunan *Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan Hengyang Shaoyang Yueyang Changde Zhangjiajie Yiyang Chenzhou Yongzhou Huaihua Loudi Xiangxi (Tujia and Miao) Jilin *★Changchun Jilin Siping Liaoyuan Tonghua Baishan Songyuan Baicheng Yanbian (Korean) Jiangsu *★Nanjing Wuxi Xuzhou Changzhou ✧Suzhou Nantong Lianyungang Huai'an Yancheng Yangzhou Zhenjiang Taizhou Suqian Jiangxi *Nanchang Jingdezhen Pingxiang Jiujiang Xinyu Yingtan Ganzhou Ji'an Yichun Fuzhou Shangrao Liaoning *★Shenyang ★Dalian Anshan Fushun Benxi Dandong Jinzhou Yingkou Fuxin Liaoyang Panjin Tieling Chaoyang Huludao Qinghai *Xining Haidong Haibei (Tibetan) Huangnan (Tibetan) Hainan (Tibetan) Golog "Guolog" (Tibetan) Yushu (Tibetan) Haixi "Qaidam" (Mongol and Tibetan) Sichuan *★Chengdu Zigong Panzhihua Luzhou Deyang Mianyang Guangyuan Suining Neijiang Leshan Nanchong Meishan Yibin Guang'an Dazhou Bazhong Ziyang Ya'an Ngawa "Aba" (Tibetan and Qiang) Garzê "Ganzi" (Tibetan) Liangshan (Yi) Shaanxi *★Xi'an Tongchuan Baoji Xianyang Weinan Yan'an Hanzhong Yulin Ankang Shangluo Shandong *★Jinan ★Qingdao Zibo Zaozhuang Dongying Yantai Weifang Jining Tai'an Weihai Rizhao Linyi Dezhou Liaocheng Binzhou Heze Shanxi *Taiyuan Datong Yangquan Changzhi Jincheng Shuozhou Jinzhong Yuncheng Xinzhou Linfen Lüliang Taiwan *Taibei Gaoxiong Xinbei Taizhong Tainan Taoyuan Yunnan *Kunming Qujing Yuxi Baoshan Zhaotong Lijiang Pu'er Lincang Chuxiong (Yi) Honghe (Hani and Yi) Wenshan (Zhuang and Miao) Xishuangbanna (Dai) Dali (Bai) Dehong (Dai and Jingpo) Nujiang (Lisu) Dêqên (Tibetan) Zhejiang *★Hangzhou ★Ningbo ✧Wenzhou Jiaxing Huzhou Shaoxing Jinhua Quzhou Zhoushan Taizhou Lishui Autonomous regions Guangxi *Nanning Liuzhou Guilin Wuzhou Beihai Fangchenggang Qinzhou Guigang Yulin Baise Hezhou Hechi Laibin Chongzuo Ningxia *Yinchuan Shizuishan Wuzhong Guyuan Zhongwei Inner Mongolia *Hohhot ✧Baotou Wuhai Chifeng "Ulankhad" Tongliao Ordos Hulunbuir Bayannur "Bayannao'er" Ulanqab Hinggan League Xilingol League Alxa League "Ālāshàn League" Xinjiang *Ürümqi Karamay Turpan Hami Changji (Hui) Bortala (Mongol) Bayingolin (Mongol) Kizilsu (Kyrgyz) ( ☆Ili (Kazakh) Tacheng Prefecture Altay Prefecture ) Aksu Prefecture Kashgar "Kashi" Prefecture Hotan Prefecture *Shihezi *Aral *Tumxuk *Wujiaqu *Beitun *Tiemenguan *Shuanghe *Kokdala *Kunyu *Huyanghe *Xinxing Tibet *Lhasa Shigatse "Xigazê" Chamdo "Qamdo" Nyingchi "Linzhi" Shannan Nagqu Ngari Prefecture
Direct-administered municipalities Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Chongqing Special administrative regions Hong Kong Macau
See also: List of prefectures in China, List of cities in China

• Shigatse
• Prefecture-level divisions of Tibet