Zerezindo (533/34 – 30 July 578) was a Visigothic dux (duke), probably of Baetica, where he was buried. His funerary inscription was found in the house once belonging to Juan Álvarez de Bohorques in Villamartín in Écija. It reads:
Α ✝ Ω
ZEREZINDO · DVX · FD
VIXIT ANNOS PLVS MINVS
XLIIII · OBIT · III · KAL · AG
ERA · D · C · XVI
The first line of the inscription, a symbol of Jesus Christ, shows the Greek letters alpha and omega on either side of a cross. The rest of the inscription reads "Zerezindo, duke, FD, lived forty-four years and died on the 3 kalends of August of the Era 616." The interpretation of "FD" has eluded scholars. Rodrigo Caro and Fray Christoval de San Antonio read it as filius ducis, "son of the duke", implying that Zerezindo's father was also a duke. Juan Francisco Masdeu reads it as Famulus Dei, "servant of God", and cites the inscription of a certain Exuperantius from the same year near Frexenal. It has also been interpreted as an abbreviation for fidelis, "faithful one, loyal one ".
The most interesting fact about Zerezindo is his Germanic name and the implication of his headstone that he was a Catholic at a time when most Visigoths were Arian Christians. This is especially noteworthy considering his high rank; a Catholic Goth had managed to ascend to the uppermost military rank in an Arian noble society.
Etymologically, Zerezindo's interesting name attests to his probable Gothic identity. His name has been normalised as Seresind (Seresindus). The Germanic root of its first component may be swērs ("swear"); or perhaps skari ("band"). The latter component comes from swinþs/ô ("strength").
Notes
- He may have been a Byzantine doux, but probably not, according to Paul Goubert, "L'Espagne byzantine. Administration de l'Espagne byzantine, II. Influences byzantines religieuses et politiques sur l'Espagne wisigothique" Revue des études byzantines 4 (1946), 72. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
- Ernst Willibald Emil Hübner (1871), Inscriptiones Hispaniae christianae edidit Aemilius Hübner: adiecta est tabula geographica (G. Reimerum), 26.
- Juan Francisco Masdeu (1791), Historia critica de España, y de la Cultura Española (A. de Sancha), 361–2.
- E. A. Thompson (1960), "The Conversion of the Visigoths to Catholicism," Nottingham Mediaeval Studies, 4, 8 n19.
- E. A. Thompson (1969), The Goths in Spain (Oxford: Clarendon Press), 37n.
- Though it is possible he was a Hispano-Roman—they were mostly Catholics—with a Germanic name.
- Adalbert Kuhn (1872), Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der indogermanischen Sprachen (Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht), 435.
- Gerhard Köbler (1989), Gotisches Wörterbuch (BRILL), 707.
- Moritz Goldschmidt (1887), Zur Kritik der altgermanischen Elemente im spanischen (Druck von J. L. v. d. Velde Veldmann), 60.