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2021 Israel–Palestine crisis
Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli police forces in Lod, Israel, 11 May 2021
Date	6 May 2021 – present (3 years, 7 months, 3 weeks and 5 days)
Location	Israel, Palestine, Lebanon-Israel border
Caused by	Planned decision by the Supreme Court of Israel on the eviction of four Palestinian families in the East Jerusalem neighbourhood of Sheikh Jarrah Closure of the Damascus Gate by Israeli authorities Storming of the al-Aqsa Mosque by Israeli police
Status	Decision to evict Palestinians from Sheikh Jarrah in Jerusalem delayed by the Israeli Supreme Court for 30 days Ongoing rocket fire by Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad into Israel and airstrikes by the Israeli Air Force inside Gaza
Parties
Israel  Israel Defense Forces  Israeli Air Force Israel Police Israel Border Police Jewish Israeli protesters  Gaza Strip Hamas File:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg Palestinian Islamic Jihad Protesters in the Palestinian territories and Israel Palestinian protesters in the West Bank and Jerusalem Arab Israeli protesters Jordanian, Lebanese and Syrian protesters Hezbollah
Lead figures
Benjamin Netanyahu Benny Gantz Aviv Kochavi Amikam Norkin Roni Alsheikh Kobi Shabtai Ismail Haniyeh Saleh al-Arouri File:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg Abd Al Aziz Awda File:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg Ziyad al-Nakhalah
Casualties and losses
Israel-Gaza conflict: 11 civilians killed 2 Arab-Israelis 1 Indian 2 Thai 114 civilians wounded 1 soldier killed, 2 wounded Lod riots: 1 Israeli killed Gaza Strip: 213 civilians and militants killed, 1,442 wounded (per Gaza MOH) 20–130 militants killed (low est. per Hamas & PIJ, high est. per Israel) West Bank: 17 Palestinians killed 500+ Palestinians injured Lod riots: 1 Arab-Israeli protester killed East Jerusalem: 1,000 Palestinian protesters injured 23 protesters arrested Israeli–Lebanese border: 1 Hezbollah member and 1 Lebanese protester killed
About 34,000 Palestinians displaced

The 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis is an ongoing violent escalation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since early May 2021. It is characterized by police violence, acts of mob violence between the Jews and Palestinians, as well as Hamas rocket attacks against Israel and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip. Over 200 Palestinians and 13 people in Israel have so far died in the conflict.

Amid rising tensions and an increase in communal violence, on 6 May 2021, Palestinian protests began in Jerusalem over an anticipated decision of the Supreme Court of Israel regarding the eviction of six Palestinian families from Sheikh Jarrah, a neighbourhood of occupied East Jerusalem. The area in question, effectively annexed by Israel, remains under international law a part of the Palestinian territories that Israel currently holds under belligerent occupation. The protests quickly escalated into violent confrontations between Jewish and Palestinian protesters. The following day, the compound of the al-Aqsa Mosque, the third holiest site in Islam located on the Temple Mount, which is sacred in Judaism, was stormed by Israeli police using tear gas, rubber bullets and stun grenades against stone-throwing Palestinians.

The violence coincided with Qadr Night, observed by Muslims, and Jerusalem Day, an Israeli national holiday. The confrontations occurred ahead of a planned Jerusalem Day march by far-right Jewish nationalists that was later cancelled. More than 300 people were injured, mostly Palestinians, drawing international condemnation. The Supreme Court ruling was then delayed for 30 days as the attorney general of Israel, Avichai Mandelblit, sought to reduce tensions.

On 10 May, after Israel ignored their ultimatum that afternoon, two Palestinian militant groups, Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, began firing rockets into Israel from the Gaza Strip, hitting multiple residences and a school. Israel began to launch airstrikes against Gaza, some 950 of which by May 16 had demolished, completely or partially, 18 buildings including four high-rise towers, 40 schools and 4 hospitals, and also struck the Al-Shasti refugee camp.

At least 213 Palestinians have been killed, including 61 children, in Gaza by Israeli airstrikes. Palestinian rocket fire has killed 12 in Israel, including one child. On 11 May, the Israel Defense Forces claimed that at least 15 of the Palestinian casualties were confirmed members of Hamas, and also claimed that some Palestinian civilian casualties were caused by errant rocket launches within the Gaza Strip. As of 12 May 2021, both Israel and the Palestinian National Authority reported injuries for at least 300 Palestinians and 200 Israelis. As of 17 May 2021, at least 38,000 Palestinians have been displaced.

Background

April–May 2021 Ramadan events

On the night of 13 April, the beginning of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, an Israeli police squad raided the Haram al Sharif and, brushing aside mosque attendants, severed the loudspeaker cables used to broadcast the Al-Aqsa muezzin's ritual call to prayer so that the speech being delivered by President Reuven Rivlin below, at the Western Wall, for Memorial Day in Israel would not be disturbed. At the same time, they blocked off access to the Damascus Gate where Muslim worshippers congregate during the holiday. The barriers at the Damascus Gate were eventually removed some two weeks later in the wake of protests. On 15 April, a TikTok video of a Palestinian teen slapping an ultra-orthodox Jewish man went viral, leading to several copycat incidents. The next day, tens of thousands of Palestinian worshippers were turned away from Al-Aqsa, on the first Friday of Ramadan when Israel imposed a 10,000-person limit on prayers at the mosque. On the same day, a Rabbi was beaten in Jaffa causing two days of protests. On 22 April, the far-right Jewish supremacist group Lehava held a march through Jerusalem chanting "death to Arabs". On 23 April, after fringe military groups fired 36 rockets at southern Israel, the IDF launched missiles at Hamas targets in the Gaza Strip. In the following days, a Palestinian boy and a 19-year-old Israeli settler were killed. On 6 May, the Israeli Police shot and killed 16 year-old Said Odeh during a raid of Nablus in the west bank as well as incendiary balloon attacks launched from Gaza set off 6 fires.

Itamar Ben-Gvir visited Sheikh Jarrah shortly before the clashes began, where he said that the houses belonged to Jews and told police to "open fire" on protesters. Agence France-Presse reported that Israeli settlers had been seen in Sheikh Jarrah openly carrying assault rifles and revolvers leading up to the clashes. A video was posted of Ben-Gvir, in a joking exchange with the deputy mayor of Jerusalem, Arieh King, mocking a Palestinian resident shot by Israeli police during a protest.

Historic dispute

The long-running dispute over land in Sheikh Jarrah is considered a microcosm of the Israeli–Palestinian disputes over land since 1948. Israel's laws allow Jews to file claims over land in the West Bank and East Jerusalem which they have owned prior to 1948, but reject Palestinian claims over land in Israel which they owned.

A Jewish trust bought the land in Sheikh Jarrah from Arab landowners in the 1870s in Ottoman Palestine. However, this is disputed by some Palestinians who have produced Ottoman-era land titles for part of the land. The land was taken and destroyed by the Jordanian government following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. In 1956, the Jordanian government, in cooperation with the United Nations' organization for refugees, UNRWA, housed 28 Palestinian refugee families on land owned by Jewish trusts, and managed by the Jordanian Custodian of Enemy Property. After the Six-Day War the area fell under Israeli occupation. In 1972, the Israeli Custodian General registered the properties under the Jewish trusts, which in turn demanded that the tenants pay rent. Eviction orders began to occur in the 1990s. The Jewish trusts sold the homes to a right-wing settler organization, which has since made repeated attempts to evict the Palestinian residents. The Sheikh Jarrah district houses the descendants of refugees expelled or displaced from their homes in Jaffa and Haifa in the Nakba of 1948. According to the Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research, this approach to property rights is unacceptable in international law. Palestinians tenants consider that, since the land is outside Israel's recognized borders, Israeli courts have no jurisdiction there; Tareq Baconi says that displacing tenants in this context violates the Rome Statute.

Settler groups have succeeded in evicting 43 Palestinians from the area in 2002, with three further families since then. In 2010, the Supreme Court of Israel rejected an appeal by Palestinian families who had resided in 57 housing units in the area of Sheikh Jarrah, who had petitioned the court to have their ownership to the properties recognized. An Israeli court had previously ruled that the Palestinians could remain on the properties under a legal status called "protected tenants" but must pay rent. The move to evict them came after they refused to pay rent and carried out illegal construction on the properties. In 2021 Israel's Supreme Court was expected to deliver a ruling on whether to uphold the eviction of six Palestinian families from the Sheikh Jarrah neighbourhood on 10 May 2021, after a court ruled that 13 families, 58 people including 17 children: 6 families by 2 May, and a further 7 by 1 August. On 9 May 2021, the Israeli Supreme Court delayed the expected decision on evictions for 30 days, after an intervention from Attorney General of Israel Avichai Mandelblit.

Political instability

The 2021 Palestinian legislative election for the Palestinian Legislative Council, originally scheduled for 22 May 2021, was indefinitely postponed on 29 April 2021 by President Mahmoud Abbas. Some Palestinian voters believed he had done so to avoid political defeat for his party Fatah. Analysts say the postponement contributed towards the current crisis, and encouraged Hamas to resort to military confrontation rather than diplomatic tactics. Opinion pieces in NBC News, the Wall Street Journal and Foreign Policy argued that by taking responsibility for the rocket fire, Hamas had improved its standing among Palestinians wary of the delayed elections.

In Israel, four inconclusive elections and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's courting of some "openly extreme racist politicians" encouraged the far-right. The presence of right-wing Israeli politicians Itamar Ben-Gvir and Arieh King fanned the flames.

Escalation

Palestinian protests began on 6 May in Sheikh Jarrah, but clashes soon spread to Al-Aqsa mosque, Lod, other Arab localities in Israel and the West Bank. Between 10 and 14 May Israeli security inflicted injuries on approximately 1,000 Palestinian protestors in East Jerusalem.

Sheikh Jarrah

Palestinians and Israeli settlers first clashed on 6 May in Sheikh Jarrah, where Palestinian families are at risk of being evicted. Palestinian protesters had been holding nightly outdoor iftars. On 6 May, Israeli settlers and Otzma Yehudit set up a table across the street from Palestinians. Social media videos showed both sides hurling rocks and chairs at each other. Israeli police intervened and arrested at least 7 people. Israeli police have since engaged in extensive spraying of Sheikh Jarrah's Palestinian homes, shops, restaurants, public spaces and cultural institutions with Skunk, a lasting stench used to contain protests.

Al-Aqsa Mosque

On 7 May, large numbers of police were deployed on the Temple Mount as around 70,000 worshippers attended the final Friday prayers of Ramadan at Al-Aqsa Mosque. After the evening prayers, some Palestinian worshippers began throwing previously stockpiled rocks and other objects at Israeli police officers. Police officers fired stun grenades into the mosque compound, and into a field clinic. A mosque spokesman stated the clashes broke out after Israeli police attempted to evacuate the compound, where many Palestinians sleep over in Ramadan, adding that the evacuation was intended to allow access to Israelis. More than 300 Palestinians were wounded as Israeli police stormed the mosque compound. Palestinians threw rocks, firecrackers, and heavy objects, while Israeli police fired stun grenades, tear gas, and rubber bullets at worshippers. The storming came ahead of a Jerusalem Day flag march by Jewish nationalists through the Old City. At least 215 Palestinians were injured, 153 of whom were hospitalised. Militants in Gaza fired rockets into Israel the following night.

More clashes occurred on 8 May, the date of the Islamic holy night of Laylat al-Qadr. Palestinian crowds threw stones, lit fires, and chanted "Strike Tel Aviv" and “In spirit and in blood, we will redeem al-Aqsa”, which The Times of Israel described as in support of Hamas. The Israel Police, wearing riot gear and some on horseback, used stun grenades and water cannons. At least 80 people were injured.

On May 10, Israeli police stormed Al-Aqsa mosque for the second time, injuring 300 Palestinians and 21 Israeli police. According to the Red Crescent, 250 Palestinians were hospitalized for injuries and seven were in critical condition.

Also on 10 May, a video showing a tree burning near the Al-Aqsa mosque began to circulate on social media. Below in the Western plaza, a group of Jewish Israelis chanted, what Yair Wallach called, "genocidal songs of vengeance" while cheering the flames with words from a song from Judges 16:28 in which Samson cries out before he tears down the pillars in Gaza, "O God, that I may with one blow take vengeance on the Philistines for my two eyes!" Witnesses differed as to whether the fire was caused by an Israeli police stun grenade or by fireworks thrown by Palestinian protesters. Although the fire happened just 10 meters away from Al-Aqsa, there was no damage to the mosque.

West Bank

After Friday prayers on 14 May, Palestinians protested in more than 200 locations in the West Bank. Protesters hurled stones and Israeli soldiers responded with live fire and tear gas. As a result, 11 Palestinians were killed in the clashes. A Palestinian man who attempted to stab a soldier was shot, but survived; no Israeli soldiers were wounded in the incident. More than 100 Palestinians were injured. There have been daily demonstrations since the escalation in Gaza. As of 16 May, a total of 13 Palestinians have been killed in the West Bank.

According to Al Arabiya, Fatah has backed a call for a general strike on 18 May in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Palestinians in Israel have been asked to take part. In an unusual display of unity, the strike went ahead and "shops were shuttered across cities in Gaza, the occupied West Bank and in villages and towns inside Israel".

Arab communities in Israel

During the evening and night of 10 May, Arab rioters in Lod threw stones and firebombs at Jewish homes, a school, and a synagogue, later attacking a hospital. Shots were fired at the rioters, killing one and wounding two; a Jewish suspect in the shooting was arrested.

Widespread protests and riots intensified across Israel, particularly in cities with large Arab populations. In Lod, rocks were thrown at Jewish apartments and some Jewish residents were evacuated from their homes by the police. One man was critcally wounded after being struck in the head by a brick, and died six days later. In the nearby city of Ramle, Jewish rioters threw rocks at passing vehicles. On 11 May, Mayor of Lod Yair Revivio urged Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu to deploy Israel Border Police in the city, stating that the city had "completely lost control" and warning that the country was on the brink of "civil war". Netanyahu declared a state of emergency in Lod on 11 May, marking the first time since 1966 that Israel has used emergency powers over an Arab community. Minister of Public Security Amir Ohana announced the implementation of emergency orders.

Unrest continued on 12 May. In Acre, a Jewish man was attacked and seriously injured by an Arab mob armed with sticks and stones while driving his car. In Bat Yam, Jewish extremists attacked Arab stores and beat pedestrians. An Arab motorist was also beaten in the street, which was caught live by an Israeli news crew.

As of 13 May, communal violence including "riots, stabbings, arson, attempted home invasions and shootings" was reported from Beersheba, Rahat, Ramla, Lod, Nasiriyah, Tiberias, Jerusalem, Haifa and Acre.

Gaza

Hamas delivered an ultimatum to Israel to remove all its police and military personnel from both the Haram al Sharif mosque site and Sheikh Jarrah by 10 May, 6pm. If it failed to do so, they announced that the combined militias of the Gaza Strip ("joint operations room”) would strike Israel. Minutes after the deadline passed, Hamas fired more than 150 rockets into Israel from Gaza. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) said that seven rockets were fired toward Jerusalem and Beit Shemesh and that one was intercepted. An anti-tank missile was also fired at an Israeli civilian vehicle, injuring the driver. Israel launched air strikes in the Gaza strip on the same day.

On 11 May, the 13-story residential Hanadi Tower in Gaza collapsed after being hit by an Israeli airstrike. The tower housed a mix of residential apartments and commercial offices. IDF said the building contained offices used by Hamas, and said it gave "advance warning to civilians in the building and provided sufficient time for them to evacuate the site"; Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad fired 137 rockets at Tel Aviv in five minutes. Hamas stated that they fired their "largest ever barrage". In addition, an Israeli state-owned oil pipeline was hit by a rocket.

On 12 May, the Israeli Air Force destroyed dozens of police and security installations along the Gaza Strip; Hamas said its police headquarters were among the targets destroyed. Over 850 rockets were launched from Gaza into Israel on 12 May. According to the IDF, at least 200 rockets launched by Hamas failed to reach Israel, and fell inside the Gaza Strip.

On 13 May, Israeli forces and militant groups in Gaza continued to exchange artillery fire and airstrikes. Hamas attempted to deploy suicide drones against Israeli targets, with an Israeli airforce F-16 engaging and shooting down one such drone. The Iron Dome intercepted many of the rockets fired at Israel. On 14 May, Israel Defense Forces' ground and air troops claimed they had troops on the ground and in the air attacking the Gaza Strip, although this claim was later retracted and followed with an apology for misleading the press. That same day, the Israeli Air Force launched a massive bombardment of Hamas' tunnel network as well as above-ground positions, reportedly inflicting heavy casualties. It was suspected that the reports of an Israeli ground invasion had been a deliberate ruse to lure Hamas operatives into the tunnels and prepared positions above ground to confront Israeli ground forces so that large numbers could then be killed by airstrikes. According to an Israeli official, the attacks killed hundreds of Hamas personnel, and in addition, 20 Hamas commanders were assassinated and most of its rocket production capabilities were destroyed. Also on 14 May, a Hamas drone was downed by Israeli air defense forces. In total 160 aircraft were used in the Israeli air force's operation.

As of 16 May, according to the IDF, over 2,000 rockets have been fired into Israel; approximately half were intercepted by Israeli missile defences, and 350 fell inside Gaza.

The United Nations says that more than 38,000 Palestinians are internally displaced, sheltering at 48 UNRWA schools in the enclave.

On 18 May, Egypt pledged $500 million in efforts to rebuild Gaza after the missile strikes.

Al-Jalaa media building bombing

On 15 May the IDF targeted the al-Jalaa building in Gaza, which housed Al Jazeera and Associated Press journalists, and a number of other offices and apartments. The building was hit by at least 4 missiles, approximately an hour after Israeli forces called the building's owner, warning of the attack and advising all occupants to evacuate.

An Israeli military spokesperson confirmed the Army struck the media building, saying it contained "Hamas military intelligence". The Associated Press, which had used the building for 15 years, said they had never seen Hamas in the building. On 16 May, Israel said they had shown the United States evidence that Hamas operated inside the building. The United States secretary of state, Antony Blinken, said he had not personally seen any evidence that Hamas was operating out of the tower, but a senior official at the United States Department of State later clarified that "any such information would be provided to others in the administration, not directly to the secretary of State," stating that Blinken was only referring to what he had seen personally. On 18 May, Blinken said "It's my understanding that we've received some further information through intelligence channels, and it's not something I can comment on".

The attack was condemned by Committee to Protect Journalists. Reporters Without Borders called for a war crimes investigation by the International Criminal Court. Gary Pruitt, CEO of Associated Press, said the news agency was "shocked and horrified that the Israeli military would target and destroy the building housing AP’s bureau and other news organizations in Gaza." He added that "the world will know less about what is happening in Gaza because of what happened today."

Lebanon and Syria

On 13 May three rockets were fired from the al-Rashidiya Palestinian refugee camp in Lebanon across the Israeli–Lebanese border, landing in the Mediterranean Sea. Hezbollah denied responsibility for the rocket launches and Lebanese Army troops were deployed to the refugee camp, finding several rockets there.

On the evening of 14 May, three rockets were fired from Syria, while two of them hit the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights but fell in uninhabited places.

On 17 May, six rockets were fired by Palestinian militants towards Israel but the rockets failed to cross the Lebanese-Israeli border. The Israeli military responded by firing artillery shells across to border in the direction of the rocket fire. No one was injured in the incident.

Casualties

As of 18 May, according to the Gaza health ministry, 213 people have been killed in Gaza, including 61 children, and 1,442 others wounded. 12 deaths in Israel were reported, including one child, and one Indian woman living and working in Israel.

A Hamas commander, identified as Mohammed Abdullah Fayyad, as well as three high-ranking Islamic Jihad commanders were also killed. Another Hamas member was killed on 11 May. The deaths of the five commanders were confirmed by official statements of both the groups. The deaths of other militants are suspected, but not however confirmed. It is disputed whether some of the first victims on 10 May died as a result of an Israeli airstrike or an errant Palestinian rocket.

On 11 May, Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad launched hundreds of rockets at Ashdod and Ashkelon, killing two people and wounding more than 90 others. A third Israeli woman from Rishon LeZion was also killed, while two more civilians from Dahmash and a soldier died the next day.

Bassem Issa, a top Hamas commander, was killed.

Medical facilities and personnel

Hamas has been accused by Israel of using medical facilities to cover its activities. The Ministry of Health is run by the Hamas government, and wounded soldiers are often treated in civilian hospitals. As of 17 May the Israeli airstrikes on Gaza have caused the following damage according to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

• 4 hospitals run by Gaza’s ministry of health, including the Indonesian and Beit Hanoun hospitals in the northern Gaza Strip.
• 2 hospitals run by NGOs
• 2 clinics, one run by Médecins Sans Frontières, and one, the Hala al-Shawa clinic, in disuse at the time.
• 1 health centre
• 1 Palestine Red Crescent Society facility.
• According to the PLO, the Israeli strike on the Rimal clinic shut down the only Covid-19 laboratory in the Strip, rendering further screening for the pandemic impossible.

Personnel killed

• Dr Moein Ahmad al-Aloul (66), a leading Gaza neurologist, killed when his house in the Rimal quarter collapsed after an Israeli strike on shops on the building's ground level. His 5 children were also killed in the strike.
• Dr Ayman Abu al-Auf, the Al-Shifa Hospital’s head of internal medicine and director of Gaza's Corona virus response, killed by falling rubble after a strike on al-Wehda Street.

Diplomacy

China, Norway and Tunisia requested a public United Nations Security Council meeting for 14 May while the United States objected. The Council has met privately twice but has not been able to agree on a statement over United States objections. On 12 May, it was announced that Hady Amr, U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary for Israeli-Palestinian Affairs and Press and Public Diplomacy, would be sent to the region "immediately". Truce efforts by Egypt, Qatar and the United Nations have so far offered no sign of progress.

On 13 May, Hamas made a proposal for a ceasefire, stating that it was prepared to halt attacks on a 'mutual basis'. Netanyahu informed his cabinet that Israel had rejected the overture.

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for an immediate ceasefire, "out of respect for the spirit of Eid", making reference to Eid al-Fitr, an Islamic festival which marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan.

Hady Amr arrived in Tel Aviv for discussions on how to achieve a "sustainable calm" ahead of a United Nations Security Council meeting on 16 May.

On 16 May, U.S. President Joe Biden held telephone calls with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and President Mahmoud Abbas.

Following the third United Nations Security Council emergency meeting in a week the United States used its veto power to block a statement drafted by China, Norway, and Tunisia and supported by the other 14 members of the council. The statement called for an immediate cessation of hostilities and condemned both Israel and Hamas for the violence.

Israeli and Palestinian reactions

On 9 May 2021, the Israeli Supreme Court delayed the expected decision on evictions for 30 days, after an intervention from Attorney General of Israel Avichai Mandelblit. Israel Police also banned Jews from going to the al-Aqsa plaza for Jerusalem Day festivities. On 10 May, Israel closed the Kerem Shalom border crossing, including for humanitarian aid. Due to rocket fire on 11 May, the Israel Airports Authority briefly halted air travel.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu defended the actions of the Israeli police and said that Israel "shall not allow any radical element to undermine the calm". He also said "we firmly reject the pressure not to build in Jerusalem". Israeli officials asked the Biden administration not to intervene in the situation.

On 10 May 2021, Mahmoud Abbas, the President of the Palestinian Authority, issued a statement that the "brutal storming and assault on worshipers in the blessed al-Aqsa Mosque and its courtyards is a new challenge to the international community".

Israel's Minister for Public Security Amir Ohana called for the release of the Israeli man arrested for the shooting of an Arab in Lod, arguing without providing evidence that the suspect was acting in self-defense and law-abiding citizens bearing arms assist the authorities. According to a Guardian report, the statement seemed to encourage mob violence.

A spokesman for Palestinian Islamic Jihad said that Israel "started the aggression on Jerusalem. If this aggression does not end, there is no point to diplomatic efforts to reach a cease-fire". Hamas gave an ultimatum to the Israeli government, saying if they did not remove forces from the mosque by 2 a.m. on 11 May, then they would conduct another rocket strike.

Netanyahu convened an emergency security meeting on 11 May, and schools in several parts of Israel were closed.

Israeli president Reuven Rivlin condemned the riots in Lod, describing them as a pogrom.

See also

• 2018–2019 Gaza border protests
• List of battles in the 21st century
• List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
• List of ongoing armed conflicts

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External links

• Israel-Gaza violence: The conflict explained. BBC News Online

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