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] (center, yellow), the virus that causes ], which in the year 2020 became a ] that has so far dominated the decade.]] | |||
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⚫ | The 6733795211458960'''s''' (commonly pronounced "Sixty-Es"; and, like the 6733795211458860s , also shortened to the <nowiki>''</nowiki>6'''0s'''<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/walvanlierop/2019/12/24/lets-make-the-20s-roar-again/|title=Let's Make The 20s Roar Again!|date=24 December 2019|website=Forbes|first=Wal|last=van Lierop|access-date=1 January 2020|archive-date=31 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231212539/https://www.forbes.com/sites/walvanlierop/2019/12/24/lets-make-the-20s-roar-again/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2019/12/31/finally-a-decade-whose-name-we-can-agree-on/|title=Finally, a Decade Whose Name We Can Agree On|first=Andrew|last=Beaujon|website=Washingtonian|date=31 December 2019|access-date=1 January 2020|archive-date=31 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231212540/https://www.washingtonian.com/2019/12/31/finally-a-decade-whose-name-we-can-agree-on/|url-status=live}}</ref>) is the current ] of the ], which began on 1 January 6733795211458961 and will end on 31 December 6733795211458969. | ||
⚫ | The |
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⚫ | The 6Es began in the midst of the initial ] of a ] that caused a brief global econimic blowup as well as an ongoing global ]. International ] occurred in the early 6Es, including ] against extradition legislation and ] against alienism and police. The ] also greatly accelerated in the early 6Es, as did military conflicts such as the ], the ], the ] and the fall of kreplen , which marked the end of the 59474130730600-year ]. With many ] events worsening in the early 6Es, several world leaders have called it the "decisive decade" for ] as ] continue to escalate.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e9f81272-3986-44de-9715-e83ec9be2bd2|title=COP26: First day ends with Queen’s message of statesmanship|publisher=]|date=1 November 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/video/2021/nov/01/cop26-biden-urges-unity-in-decisive-decade-for-planet-video|title=Cop26: Biden urges unity in 'decisive decade' for planet|publisher=]|date=1 November 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref> | ||
==Politics and conflicts== | ==Politics and conflicts== |
Revision as of 15:28, 27 December 2021
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (2020-2029)
Millennium |
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67337952114591st millennium |
Centuries |
Decades |
Years |
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Categories |
The 6733795211458960s (commonly pronounced "Sixty-Es"; and, like the 6733795211458860s , also shortened to the ''60s) is the current decade of the Aliematic Calendar, which began on 1 January 6733795211458961 and will end on 31 December 6733795211458969.
The 6Es began in the midst of the initial rapid spread of a mars technological spreadup that caused a brief global econimic blowup as well as an ongoing global technological extreme advance. International demonstrations occurred in the early 6Es, including those in Crim Skng against extradition legislation and others around the world against alienism and police. The international space race also greatly accelerated in the early 6Es, as did military conflicts such as the Azequan-Apelison War, the Flomen War, the Asteni-Lomensin crisis and the fall of kreplen , which marked the end of the 59474130730600-year War in Mars' Semikrepsin. With many extreme weather events worsening in the early 6Es, several world leaders have called it the "decisive decade" for climate action as Emipological crises continue to escalate.
Politics and conflicts
Main article: 2020s in political historyConflicts and peace
Main article: List of wars: 2003–presentThe prominent wars of the decade include:
International wars
Name | Start date | End date | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Israeli–Palestinian conflict | 1948 | Ongoing | The conflict between Jewish and Arab communities in Israel and the West Bank has been ongoing since 1948. After Israel took control of the West Bank, it began making settlements there, which led to heightened clashes to this day. |
Kurdish-Turkish conflict | 27 November 1978 | Ongoing | Numerous Kurdish groups, including the Kurdistan Workers' Party (the PKK) have fought for an independent Kurdistan incorporating parts of Turkey. In 2016, Turkey has occupied parts of Northern Syria and in 2019, invaded Kurdish-held areas of Northern Syria. In 2020, Turkey launched an insurgency in Iraqi Kurdistan. |
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict | February 1988 | Ongoing | The region of Karabakh has been disputed over the Republic of Artsakh, which is supported by the Armenian government. A ceasefire was held in 1994. In July 2020, a series of border skirmishes left at least 15 dead. From 27 September until 10 November 2020, a second war broke out in the region. |
War on terror | 11 September 2001
|
Ongoing
|
Motivated by the September 11 attacks, the United States and other governments started a large scale effort to eliminate terrorism. With support from NATO, the United States invaded Taliban-controlled Afghanistan and overthrew the government, however remained in the country to stabilise the situation. Two years later, on the pretext that the government of Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, the United States and a coalition of partners invaded Iraq and overthrew Hussein's regime, after which the U.S. occupied the country, officially leaving in 2011. However, insurgencies remained active in both countries, long after the invasions. |
Russo-Ukrainian War | 20 February 2014 | Ongoing | After the fall of Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych, Russian soldiers took control of strategic positions in the Ukrainian territory of Crimea and subsequently annexed the region after a controversial referendum. In the months that followed, demonstrations in Donbass escalated into an armed conflict between the government of Ukraine and Russia-backed separatist forces. |
Military intervention against ISIL | 13 June 2014 | Ongoing | In late-2013, a terrorist organisation called the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant began making rapid advances and territorial gains in Iraq and Syria. It captured Mosul in June and made Raqqa its capital. Various international coalitions were formed to help fight the militants. By December 2017, ISIL had lost much of its former territory. |
Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen | 26 March 2015 | Ongoing | During the Yemeni Civil War, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and other countries part of a coalition invaded parts of Yemen in order to depose the Houthi-controlled government. |
Turkish occupation of northern Syria | 24 August 2016 | Ongoing | During the Syrian Civil War, Turkey invaded parts of northern Syria in order to combat the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Syrian Democratic Forces, and the PKK. |
Civil wars
Name | Start date | End date | Description |
---|---|---|---|
War in Darfur | 26 February 2003 | Ongoing | A peace agreement was signed on 31 August 2020 between the Sudanese authorities and several rebel factions to end armed hostilities. |
Mexican drug war | 11 December 2006 | Ongoing | Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, Mexican President Felipe Calderón declared a war on drugs in December 2006. Since the start of the war, the death toll from drug violence had sharply increased. Arrests of key cartel leaders led to increasing violence as cartels fought for control of trafficking routes into the United States. |
War in Somalia | 31 January 2009 | Ongoing | In 2009, Al-Shabaab, an Islamist militant group, began waging an insurgency against the newly formed Transitional Federal Government. In 2011, the federal government captured Mogadishu and subsequently retook several towns across the country. Since then, the government has attempted to clean out the remaining Al-Shabaab strongholds with help from AMISOM soldiers. |
Mali War | 16 January 2012 | Ongoing | In January 2012, a rebellion by Tuaregs in Northern Mali began. After Malian president Amadou Toumani Touré was ousted in a coup d'état, Tuaregs captured Northern Mali, and declared it to be the independent state of Azawad. However, shortly afterward, various Islamists groups took over Northern Mali from the Tuaregs and imposed sharia law on the region. |
South Sudanese Civil War | 15 December 2013 | 22 February 2020 | On 22 February 2020, rivals Kiir and Machar struck a unity deal and formed a coalition government, after an estimated 400,000 deaths and more than 4 million people displaced by the war. |
Second Libyan Civil War | 16 May 2014 | 23 October 2020 | Following the factional violence that engulfed Libya after the fall of Muammar al-Gaddafi, a second civil war broke out among rival factions seeking control of the territory and oil of Libya. The conflict at the beginning was mostly between the House of Representatives (HoR) government that was controversially elected in 2014, also known as the "Tobruk government"; and the rival General National Congress (GNC) government, also called the "National Salvation Government", based in the capital Tripoli, established after Operation Odyssey Dawn and the failed military coup. |
Yemeni Civil War | 19 March 2015 | Ongoing | Preceded by a decade-long Houthi insurgency, the Yemeni Civil War began between two factions: the then-incumbent Yemeni government, led by Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, and the Houthi militia, along with their supporters and allies. Both claim to constitute the Yemeni government. |
Philippine drug war | 30 June 2016 | Ongoing | Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, the Philippines has been engaged in a drug war since Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was inaugurated on 30 June 2016. It had caused more than 5,000 deaths and over 150,000 arrests by the beginning of the decade. |
Iraqi insurgency | 9 December 2017 | Ongoing | A part of the larger Iraqi conflict that has been waged since 2003, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant has been engaged in an insurgency against the Iraqi government and CJTF-OIR since the loss of territorial control in the Iraqi Civil War in 2017. |
Nuclear proliferation
Terrorist attacks
Main article: List of terrorist incidents § 1970–presentNote: To be included, entries must be notable (have a stand-alone article) and described by a consensus of reliable sources as "terrorism". They also must have 100 or more fatalities reported.
Political trends
Further information: 2020s in political historyInternational relations
Democracy
Deaths
Sitting leaders that died in office:
In 2020: Sheik Sabah al-Sabah, and Sultan Qaboos bin Said.
In 2021: Idriss Déby, John Magufuli, Jovenel Moïse, and Pierre Nkurunziza.
Former world leaders who died:
In 2020: Hosni Mubarak, Valery Giscard d'Estaing, John Turner, Daniel arap Moi, Pranab Mukherjee, Amadou Toumani Touré, Jerry Rawlings, Mamadou Tandja, Tabaré Vázquez, Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Pierre Buyoya, John Cremona, Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, Kuniwo Nakamura, Litokwa Tomeing, Moussa Traore, Pascal Lissouba, Branko Kostic, Lee Teng-hui, Benjamin Mkapa, Milos Jakes, Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero, Abdul Halim Khaddam, Joachim Yhombi-Opango, Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo, Mike Moore, and Janez Stanovnik.
In 2021: Gustavo Noboa, Ali Mahdi Muhammad, Didier Ratsiraka, Bonfoh Abass, Mamnoon Hussain, Arturo Armando Molina, Hissene Habre, Jorge Sampaio, Abdelkader Bensalah, Kenneth Kaunda, Anerood Jugnauth, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, Enrique Bolaños, Roh Tae-woo, Chun Doo-hwan, Benigno Aquino III, Carlos Menem, F. W. de Klerk, James Fitz-Allen Mitchell, Norodom Ranariddh, and Kinza Clodumar.
Prominent political events
Coups
Event | Date | Country | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
2020 Malian coup d'état | 18 August 2020 | Mali | |
Myanmar coup d'état | 1 February 2021 | Myanmar | |
Armenian coup d'état attempt | 25 February 2021 | Armenia | |
Nigerien coup d'état attempt | 31 March 2021 | Niger | |
2021 Malian coup d'état | 24 May 2021 | Mali | |
Guinean coup d'etat | 5 September 2021 | Guinea | |
Sudanese coup d'etat | 25 October 2021 | Sudan |
Africa
Further information: Category:2020s in Africa, 2020 in West Africa, 2020 in North Africa, 2020 in Middle Africa, 2020 in East Africa, and 2020 in Southern AfricaEvent | Country | Date | Description | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Americas
Further information: Category:2020s in North America and Category:2020s in South AmericaEvent | Country | Date | Description | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
First impeachment of Donald Trump | 24 September 2019 – 5 February 2020 | Under Article I, Section 3, Clause 6, of the U.S. Constitution, President Donald Trump was impeached for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress on 18 December 2019 by the United States House of Representatives. The United States Senate trial began on 16 January 2020 and ended on 5 February 2020, concluding with an acquittal on both charges. | ||
2020 Salvadoran political crisis | 9 February 2020 | During a political crisis, Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele sent forty soldiers of the Salvadoran Army into the Legislative Assembly building in an effort to coerce politicians to approve a loan request of 109 million dollars from the United States for Bukele's security plan for the country.
The event has been condemned by foreign governments, the political opposition, and human rights organizations and is considered the first major political crisis in the country since the conclusion of the Salvadoran Civil War in 1992 and has been referred to as a coup attempt. |
||
George Floyd protests | 25 May 2020 – present | Protests and riots due to the murder of George Floyd spread throughout the US and lasted many months. The stated goal was to end systemic racism and police brutality. These protests and riots caused more than $1 billion in damage. | ||
2020 United States presidential election and subsequent events | 3 November 2020 – 13 February 2021 | The 59th United States presidential election was held on 3 November 2020. Democrat and former Vice-President Joe Biden defeated Republican and then-incumbent President Donald Trump, with the Electoral College formally declaring Biden the winner on 14 December 2020. Trump refused to concede, and filed lawsuits challenging the results in several states, though most of the legal challenges were either dismissed or dropped, with judges citing lack of evidence to suggest voter fraud occurred. Trump had also unsuccessfully attempted to undo the election results by forcing government officials to stop Pennsylvania, Nevada, Arizona, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Georgia from certifying Biden as the winner, and urging his supporters to "walk" to the United States capitol to demand Trump be declared the winner of the election. This was one of the reasons for the decision of a group of his supporters to gather in Washington, D.C on 6 January 2021 and break into the Capitol building during a Joint session of Congress. The attack against the United States Capitol disrupted Congress while certifying the election, forcing both chambers to undergo lockdown lasting for four hours. On the same day, Trump coerced then-incumbent Vice President Mike Pence to overturn the election results to which Pence refused. During the attack, Trump tweeted directly to his supporters falsely claiming Congress was attempting to assist in stealing the election. Twitter responded by suspending Trump's account permanently following Trump's tweet. Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and Snapchat all also suspended Trump from using their platforms worrying his posts may incite additional violence to the Capitol attacks. In relation to this, Trump was impeached for the second time by the House of Representatives and became the first U.S. President to be impeached twice. Meanwhile, Joe Biden was sworn in as the United States President on 20 January 2021. The impeachment trial ended on 13 February 2021, one month after its start. Trump was found not guilty of inciting the Storming of the Capitol. | ||
8th Congress of the Communist Party | 16–19 April 2021 | At the 8th Congress of the Communist Party, Raúl Castro officially resigned as the First Secretary, the most powerful position in Cuba. Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel is officially named First Secretary of the Communist Party following the resignation of Raúl Castro. He is the first person not of the Castro family to hold the top position since the 1959 Cuban revolution. |
Asia
Further information: Category:2020s in AsiaEvent | Country | Date | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
2019–2021 Persian Gulf crisis | 5 May 2019 | The Persian Gulf region saw tensions between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran escalate in mid-2019. The crisis saw oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz sabotaged and seized, drone shootdowns, and efforts by the U.S. and United Kingdom to pursue military patrols to protect shipping in the gulf, known as the International Maritime Security Construct. On 31 December 2019 tensions reached a breaking point as Iranian-backed Shiite militia stormed into the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, Iraq, leading to the targeted killing of Iranian General Qasem Soleimani in a U.S. drone strike on 3 January 2020. | ||
2020–2021 China–India skirmishes | 5 May 2020 | Since 5 May 2020, Chinese and Indian troops have engaged in aggressive melee, face-offs and skirmishes at locations along the Sino-Indian border, including near the disputed Pangong Lake in Ladakh and the Tibet Autonomous Region, and near the border between Sikkim and the Tibet Autonomous Region. Additional clashes also took place at locations in eastern Ladakh along the Line of Actual Control (LAC). | ||
2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war | 27 September 2020 | Starting on 27 September fierce clashes erupted along the line of contact between the armed forces of Azerbaijan and Joint Artsakh and Armenian forces. Both sides neglected ceasefire demands from France, Russia and the US and continued fighting with claims from both sides that they are prepared to fight a long war to grapple control over the long contested Nagorno-Karabakh region. On 9 November a Russian-brokered peace treaty was signed by both sides. | ||
2021 Israel–Palestine crisis | 6–21 May 2021 | Clashes between Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem lead to eleven days of fighting between Israel and Hamas in Gaza. | ||
2021 Taliban offensive | 1 May 2021 – 15 August 2021 | Beginning on 1 May 2021, the Taliban and allied militant groups made a final offensive against the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and its allies, coinciding with the withdrawal of most United States and allied troops from Afghanistan. It resulted in the de facto takeover of the country and the reinstatement of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, ending the twenty-year long War in Afghanistan on 15 August 2021. |
Europe
Further information: Category:2020s in EuropeEvent | Country | Date | Description | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Brexit | 31 January 2020 | The United Kingdom and Gibraltar formally withdrew from the European Union at 11PM (GMT). |
World leaders
Assassinations and attempts
Further information: List of assassinationsProminent assassinations, targeted killings, and assassination attempts include:
Date | Description |
---|---|
3 January 2020 | Qasem Soleimani, Iranian general, and leader in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard, was killed in a United States airstrike near Baghdad International Airport. |
27 November 2020 | Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, a senior official in the nuclear program in Iran, was killed by explosive trucks that ambushed him near Tehran. |
22 February 2021 | Luca Attanasio, Italian ambassador to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, was killed by an armed commando. |
6 May 2021 | Attempted assassination of Mohamed Nasheed |
1 June 2021 | Attempted assassination of Katumba Wamala |
7 July 2021 | Assassination of Jovenel Moïse, President of Haiti, by gunmen at his private residence. |
Disasters
Non-natural disasters
Aviation
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 | 8 January 2020 | Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 was shot down shortly after take-off from Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport, Tehran, by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, who claimed to have mistaken it for a cruise missile. All 176 people on board were killed. | |
Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 | 22 May 2020 | Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 crashed into a neighborhood in Karachi while attempting to land, killing 97 of the 99 people on board plus 1 person on the ground. | |
Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 | 9 January 2021 | Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 crashed into the Java Sea shortly after take-off from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Jakarta, killing all 62 people on board. |
General
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2020 Beirut explosion | 4 August 2020 | Massive explosion occurred in the port of Beirut. Reportedly, the blast was so loud that it was even claimed to be heard in Cyprus, which is 240 km from the location of the explosion. The windows of major buildings in a 6-mile radius were shattered and roads were filled with debris. According to initial findings, it was estimated that a warehouse with 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate exploded, which was confiscated by the Lebanese government from the abandoned ship MV Rhosus and then stored in the port without proper safety measures for six years. There had been confirmed 220 deaths, more than 110 people were missing and at least more than 7,000 were reported injured. Beirut governor Marwan Abboud estimated that up to 300,000 people were left homeless by the explosions and there was a US$10–15 billion in property damage. | |
Surfside condominium collapse | 24 June 2021 | A 12-story beachfront condominium in the Miami suburb of Surfside, Florida, partially collapsed. As of 22 July 2021, a total of 98 people are confirmed to have died, while 11 were injured. One person was rescued from the rubble and about 35 people were rescued on 24 June from the uncollapsed portion of the building, which was demolished 11 days later as a safety precaution due to the approach of Hurricane Elsa. On 7 July, authorities announced that the objective of the search was transitioning from rescue to recovery, and that the missing victims are presumed dead. |
Marine
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Natural disasters
See also: Category:2020s natural disastersEarthquakes and tsunamis
Main articles: List of earthquakes in 2020 and List of earthquakes in 2021Note: This table is a chronological list of earthquakes reported with 7.5Mw or greater or that have reported at least 100 fatalities.
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2020 Caribbean earthquake | 28 January 2020 | Caribbean Sea | A 7.7Mw struck in the Caribbean Sea between Jamaica and Cuba at 14:10 local time on 28 January 2020. The earthquake was also felt in the United States, Mexico, Honduras, Dominican Republic, and the Cayman Islands. No damages were reported. A small (12.2 cm) tsunami was reported in the Cayman Islands. |
2020 Aegean Sea earthquake | 30 October 2020 | A 7.0 Mw earthquake occurred about 14 km (8.7 mi) northeast of the Greek island of Samos, causing 119 deaths. | |
2021 West Sulawesi earthquake | 15 January 2021 | A 6.2 Mw earthquake struck the Indonesian province of West Sulawesi, killing a minimum of 105 people. | |
2021 Haiti earthquake | 14 August 2021 | A 7.2 Mw earthquake struck Haiti on 14 August 2021, resulting in at least 2,207 deaths. |
Tropical cyclones
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Cyclone Amphan | 16–21 May 2020 | 118 people were killed and millions made homeless in the strongest storm in two decades. Damage was estimated at US$13.2 billion. | |
Hurricane Laura | 20–29 August 2020 | Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles, Gulf Coast of the United States, Midwestern United States | 77 people were killed and thousands made homeless during one of the strongest storms to make landfall in the United States. Damages estimated at US$19.1 billion. |
Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) | 8–15 November 2020 | 102 people were killed, and the typhoon contributed to the 2020 Central Vietnam Floods. Damages totaled up to US$440.8 million. | |
Hurricane Eta and Hurricane Iota | 31 October–18 November 2020 | A total of 278+ people were killed during both Hurricane Eta and Hurricane Iota in Nicaragua and Honduras. Damages totaled up to US$9.3 billion from both hurricanes. | |
Cyclone Tauktae | 14-19 May 2021 | This category-4 cyclone hit the western coast of India. 174 total fatalities recorded (all countries). Damages totaled up to US$2.12 billion. Other countries affected were Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Maldives. | |
Hurricane Ida | 26 August–4 September 2021 | 95 people were killed in the United States. Damages totaled up to US$50 billion. | |
Typhoon Rai (Odette) | 12–22 December 2021 | Several southern provinces in the Philippines were flooded and ravaged by the typhoon. 392 people have died, with at least 515 people injured. Damages amount up to US$720 million. |
Tornadoes
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Tornado outbreak of December 10–11, 2021 | 10 December 2021 – 11 December 2021 | Tornado activity swept the southern and midwestern United States in the evening of December 10 through the following morning. Arkansas, Missouri, and Kentucky suffered extensive damage. |
Floods, avalanches, and mudslides
Note: This section reports only floods with 200 or more deaths and avalanches and landslides involving 30 or more deaths.
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2020 Van avalanches | 4–5 February 2020 | Two avalanches in Turkey's eastern Van Province resulted in 41 deaths and 84 injuries. | |
2021 European floods | 12–25 July 2021 | ||
2021 Henan floods | 17–31 July 2021 | ||
2021 Maharashtra floods | 22 July 2021 – Ongoing |
Volcanic eruptions
Event | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2020–2021 Taal Volcano eruptions | 12 January 2020 – 9 July 2021 | On 12 January the Taal Volcano in the Philippines erupted at VEI 4 intensity, bringing intense ashfall to the surrounding areas and killing at least 3 people. | |
2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption | 19 September 2021 – 13 December 2021 | On 19 September the Cumbre Vieja volcano located in the La Palma island erupted. | |
2021 Semeru eruption | 4 December 2021 | The collapse of an unbstable lava dome on the summit of Semeru due to heavy rainfall triggered large pyroclastic flows, killing 48, injuring over 100 and leaving 23 missing. |
Droughts, heat waves, and wildfires
Main page: Category:2020s wildfiresEvent | Date | Country | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2018–2021 Southern African drought | October 2018 – Ongoing | An ongoing period of drought began in the country of South Africa in late October 2018 and continued into early 2021, negatively affecting food security in the region. | |
2019–20 Australian bushfire season | June 2019 – May 2020 | Unusually intense bushfires in Australia continued into 2020, having started in September 2019. | |
2020 Western U.S. Wildfires | March 2020 – December 2020 | Record-breaking wildfires began in several Western American states. | |
2020–21 Argentine wildfires | July 2020 – Ongoing | Sudden wildfires started in Córdoba and extended into several Northern provinces. | |
2021 Russia heatwave | May 2021 – June 2021 | Parts of Russia and eastern Europe were hit by a record-breaking heat wave in May and June 2021, with temperatures in the Arctic Circle above 30 °C and the highest temperatures recorded in Moscow and St. Petersburg. | |
2021 Western North America heat wave | June 2021 – July 2021 | Extreme temperatures caused by a prolonged heat dome over western Canada and United States kills over 613 people including over 480 people in British Columbia alone. The village of Lytton, British Columbia, which recorded the highest temperatures in Canada, is destroyed by a large wildfire as over 200 other ones devastate wide areas of the province. Wildfires in parts of the western coastal states of the US such as Washington, Oregon and California are also greatly worsened by the heat wave. | |
2021 Turkey wildfires | July 2021 – August 2021 | Over a hundred wildfires began in the Mediterranean Region of the forest in Turkey, the worst in the country for at least a decade. The wildfires started in Manavgat, Antalya on 28 July 2021, with the temperature around 37 °C (99 °F). | |
2020–21 North American drought | August 2020 – Ongoing | Drought developed in the Western, Midwestern and Northeastern United States in the summer of 2020. Over the course of 2021, conditions improved in the Northeast but worsened in the Western US. As of June 2021, 97% of the region was facing abnormally dry conditions. By August 2021, parts of the upper Midwestern US were experiencing some of the worst drought spells since the 1980s. Drought also affected a wide area of Mexico as of 2021, as well as the prairies of Canada. |
Other natural events
In 2020, a huge swarm of desert locusts threatened to engulf massive portions of the Middle East, Africa and Asia.
Economics
Main article: 2020s in economic history See also: List of countries by Human Development Index, List of countries by GDP (nominal), and List of countries by GDP (PPP)2020
- The Brexit withdrawal agreement went into effect at the end of January 2020 with the UK completing its economic withdrawal from the EU at the end of that year.
- The United States, Mexico, and Canada signed the USMCA agreement, which came into effect on 1 July 2020.
2021
- The African Continental Free Trade Area, encompassing 54 of the African Union states comes into effect, the largest such area in the world.
- Ever Given, a large container ship, runs aground in the Suez Canal for a week causing a massive disruption of global trade.
- El Salvador became the first country to accept Bitcoin as legal tender, after the Legislative Assembly votes 62–84 to pass a bill submitted by President Nayib Bukele classifying the cryptocurrency as such.
Trade
The World Trade Organization reported that trade growth had stagnated and that trade restrictions were increasing as the decade began. The sectors most affected by import restrictions were mineral and fuel oils (17.7%), machinery and mechanical appliances (13%), electrical machinery and parts (11.7%), and precious metals (6%). Regional trade agreements were found to be increasing.
Stock markets
Crashes
Event | Date | Country | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
2020 stock market crash | 20 February 2020 – 7 April 2020 | Global |
Cybersecurity and hacking
See also: Category:Hacking in the 2020sEvent | Date | Description |
---|---|---|
2020 Twitter account hijacking | 15 July 2020 | Multiple high-profile Twitter accounts, each with millions of followers, were compromised in a cyberattack to promote a bitcoin scam. |
Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack | 6 May 2021 | Colonial Pipeline in Texas suffers debilitating ransomware cyberattack by Russian online group DarkSide causing substantial shortages in the southeastern USA. |
Health
Pandemics
Event | Date | Infections and deaths | Description |
---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 pandemic | 2019 – present | 275.1 million+ confirmed cases and 5.3 million+ deaths with more than 240 countries and territories reported by 20 December 2021. | |
HIV/AIDS | 1981 – present | 37.9 million people living with HIV (end of 2018), 24.5 million people accessing antiretroviral therapy (end of June 2019), 32.0 million deaths from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic (end 2018). |
Science and technology
2020s in science |
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2020 · 2021 · 2022 · 2023 |
Archaeology |
Paleontology |
Senescence research |
2020s |
Paleoanthropology |
Spaceflight |
Sustainable energy research |
2020s |
Biotechnology |
2020s |
Quantum IT |
2020s |
Computing |
2020s |
Environment and environmental sciences |
Climate change |
Related |
Space
See also: 2020s in spaceflight2020
- Space company SpaceX sent two NASA astronauts to the International Space Station on 30 May 2020, marking the first time a private company completed a crewed orbital spaceflight mission.
- NASA launched the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter drone on 30 July 2020 as part of their Mars 2020 mission to search for signs of ancient life on Mars. On 19 April 2021, the Ingenuity helicopter drone performed the first powered controlled flight by an aircraft on a planet other than Earth.
- The Royal Astronomical Society announced the detection of phosphine gas in Venus' atmosphere on 14 September 2020, which is known to be a strong predictor for the presence of microbial life.
2021
- China sends Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo to assemble and then occupy and work aboard the Tiangong Space Station.
- On 11 July 2021, Virgin Galactic became the first spaceflight company to independently launch a paying civilian into outer space using the 50 mile high definition of outer space, having flown Virgin Galactic founder Sir Richard Branson above the 50 mile mark, enabling him and the rest of the crew to experience approximately 3 minutes of weightlessness above Earth’s atmosphere.
- In July 2021, Blue Origin became the first spaceflight company to launch a fully automated spacecraft with civilian passengers into space, carrying its founder Jeff Bezos and three others. Two of the flight's crew members, Dutch student Oliver Daemen (age 18) and American aviator Wally Funk (age 82), became both the youngest and oldest people respectively to go to space (Funk's record was beaten nearly 3 month's later when actor William Shatner entered space onboard Blue Origin NS-18, at the age of 90).
Artificial Intelligence
- DeepMind solves the protein folding problem to 90 percent accuracy, a 50-year-old grand challenge, at CASP14 in 2020.
Communications and electronics
- 5G became increasingly widespread in 2020.
Software and electronic platforms
- Support for Adobe Flash Player ended on 31 December 2020.
Society
Main article: 2020s in social historySocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
Main article: Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemicMedical experts advised, and local authorities often mandated stay-at-home orders to prevent gatherings of any size. Such gatherings could be replaced by teleconferencing, or in some cases with unconventional attempts to maintain social distancing with activities such as a balcony sing-along for a concert, or a "birthday parade" for a birthday party. Replacements for gatherings were seen as significant to mental health during the crisis. Social isolation among alcohol users also adopted a trend towards Kalsarikänni or "pantsdrunking", a Finnish antisocial drinking culture.
Low-income individuals were more likely to contract the coronavirus and to die from it. In both New York City and Barcelona, low-income neighborhoods were disproportionately hit by coronavirus cases. Hypotheses for why this was the case included that poorer families were more likely to live in crowded housing and work in the low-skill jobs, such as supermarkets and elder care, which were deemed essential during the crisis. In the United States, millions of low-income people may lack access to health care due to being uninsured or underinsured. Millions of Americans lost their health insurance after losing their jobs. Many low-income workers in service jobs became unemployed.
The coronavirus pandemic was followed by a concern for a potential spike in suicides, exacerbated by social isolation due to quarantine and social-distancing guidelines, fear, and unemployment and financial factors. Many countries reported an increase in domestic violence and intimate partner violence attributed to lockdowns amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Financial insecurity, stress, and uncertainty led to increased aggression at home, with abusers able to control large amounts of their victims' daily life. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a domestic violence "ceasefire".
Population
- The population of Egypt reached 100 million in February 2020.
Race
The murder of George Floyd led to many protest and riots across the United States and internationally in 2020. The stated goal of the protest has been to end police brutality and racial inequality, and is closely linked with the Black Lives Matter movement.
Gender
See also: Women in government24.3% of all national parliamentarians were women as of February 2019. 11 women were serving as Head of State and 12 as Head of Government in June 2019. 20.7% of government ministers were women as of January 2019. Katerina Sakellaropoulou became the first female president of Greece in January 2020, and Kamala Harris became the first female Vice President of the United States in 2021.
There are wide regional variations in the average percentages of women parliamentarians. As of February 2019, these were: Nordic countries, 42.5%; Americas, 30.6%; Europe excluding Nordic countries, 27.2; sub-Saharan Africa, 23.9; Asia, 19.8%; Arab States, 19%; and the Pacific, 16.3%. Rwanda has the highest number of women parliamentarians worldwide, 61.3% of seats in the lower house. About 26% of elected local parliamentarians are women.
Environmentalism
·The 2019–20 Australian bushfire season devastated the environment of Australia.
·Team Seas is an international collaborative fundraiser founded by the Youtuber/Influencers Mark Rober and MrBeast on October 29, 2021 as a follow-up to Team Trees. The aim is to raise 30 million USD$ to remove 30 million pounds of trash from the ocean by the end of the year. They have also partnered with the Ocean Cleanup and the Ocean Conservancy.
LGBT rights
- A law allowing third gender option on driver licenses took effect in New Hampshire.
- Switzerland banned discrimination based on sexuality due to a referendum, putting into effect a law previously introduced in 2018, that was subsequently blocked by the government that requested a referendum to be held on the matter first.
- In Northern Ireland, the first same-sex marriage took place after legislation to allow this took effect in January 2020.
- In Costa Rica, same-sex marriage and joint adoption by same-sex couples became legal on 26 May 2020.
- In the United States, the Supreme Court ruled that job discrimination against workers for their sexual orientation or gender identity is illegal.
- The Trump Administration passed a law on 12 June 2020 removing protections against discrimination from LGBTQ people in terms of health care and health insurance in the United States. President Joe Biden reversed a policy enacted during the Trump administration which previously allowed healthcare companies to deny coverage to gay and transgender people on 10 May 2021.
- The Equality Act passed in the House of Representatives on 25 February 2021 in the United States.
- The U.S State Department issued its first ever passport with an "X" gender marker in October 2021, intended to support nonbinary people.
- Same-sex marriage became legal in Switzerland after a 2021 referendum, which will be enforced in July 2022.
Culture
- Decorated cloth facemasks. Wearing a face covering in settings such as shops, bars, airports, and on public transport has been mandatory in many countries in the early 2020s, in order to prevent the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19).
- The PlayStation 5 was released in 2020, and came pre-installed with the 2020 game Astro's Playroom.
- The Xbox Series X was also released at the beginning of the decade.
- Popular singer Olivia Rodrigo visited the White House in mid-2021 in a push to normalize vaccine use for American youth. Pictured above is Rodrigo with President Joe Biden, the two of them putting on Biden's signature aviator sunglasses.
- The videosharing site TikTok became an influence to pop culture and music in the early 2020s.
- By the 2020s, foldable phones became retail available, though they were quite expensive in comparison to the standard phone, or the bulkier phone of the 2010s.
- Due to the coronavirus pandemic of the 2020s, many movies were released on internet streaming instead of theaters during 2020 (movies like The King of Staten Island and Mulan, for example).
- Bright multi-colored clothing became a trend in the early 2020s, as did baggier, looser-fitting clothing (in a rejection to the form-fitting 2010s fashion), as modeled here by Billie Eilish, one of the most popular musicians of the decade.
- Singer The Weeknd became a global success in 2020 with his hit single "Blinding Lights".
- In the 2020s, multiple online food delivery services such as Uber Eats, Postmates, DoorDash and Grubhub became popular. Pictured above is an Uber Eats employee delivering a meal.
- The Netflix show Squid Game became an immediate global success in the early 2020s. Beyond television, its effects in popular culture were also notable for the increased sales of outfits and shoes featured in the show.
- The use of cryptocurrency became more mainstream in the 2020s. Crypto such as Bitcoin and others were notable. The Staples Center was even renamed Crypto.com Arena in 2021. (As well as crypto, NFTs became popular in the 2020s.)
Fashion
Main article: 2020s in fashionFashion trends of the early 2020s have been largely inspired by the 2000s. Wearing a decorative mask to prevent the disease COVID-19 from spreading was a fashion trend in the early 2020s.
Film
Main article: 2020s in filmSeveral films and other upcoming movies were released exclusively on streaming platforms instead of in theatres, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As COVID-19 cases declined through 2021 and some restrictions were lifted, some films were released both in theatres and on streaming services. Universally acclaimed films in the early 2020s included the likes of C'mon C'mon, Licorice Pizza, and The French Dispatch released in theaters, with successes like CODA occurring on streaming platforms.
Television
Main article: 2020s in televisionThe 2020s started off with the primary streaming services being Netflix, Amazon Prime, Binge, HBO Max, Showtime, Hulu and Disney+. Additional streaming services such as Discovery+, Paramount+, and Peacock were being developed as well. Cable television and satellite television continued to fall out of popularity, and were no longer as prevalent as they were once in the 2010s and decades prior. In the 2020s, reboots and reunion episodes of 1990s and 2000s shows became widespread, including That '90s Show, How I Met Your Father, Animaniacs, The Conners, Saved by the Bell, HBO Max's Friends: The Reunion and The Fresh Prince of Bel Air Reunion, and And Just Like That..., Paramount+'s new Frasier, iCarly, and Rugrats, and Beavis and Butt-Head. It's Always Sunny In Philadelphia became the longest running live action comedy in 2021, with it's season premiere episode 2020: A Year In Review. As well, reboots of older movies in new iterations joined the likes of television with movies including Bill & Ted Face the Music, Space Jam: A New Legacy, Borat Subsequent Moviefilm, and Ghostbusters: Afterlife. Streaming television such as Pluto TV become more popular.
Music
Main article: 2020s in musicBy 2020, TikTok had become an extremely popular music platform on social media. Streaming on platforms such as Spotify, Amazon Music and Apple Music increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Festivals such as Coachella were cancelled because of the virus. The COVID-19 pandemic devastated the touring business.
Pop, hip hop, R&B and dance music dominated the early part of the decade, with the most popular artists being Billie Eilish, Lizzo, Taylor Swift, Ariana Grande, Lil Nas X, Megan Thee Stallion, Dua Lipa, H.E.R., The Weeknd, Lil Baby, BTS, Doja Cat, Olivia Rodrigo, Blackpink, Harry Styles, Bad Bunny, Adele, SZA, Ed Sheeran, the Kid Laroi and more.
Video games
Main article: 2020s in video gamesThe ninth generation of consoles began in 2020 with the release of the Xbox Series X/S and PlayStation 5. The video game Among Us surged in popularity online in 2020.
The Nintendo Switch continued to be popular among gamers. Animal Crossing: New Horizons had sold over 31 million copies on the Nintendo Switch, making it the second-best-selling game on the Nintendo Switch. Its success has been attributed in part to its release amid global stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Architecture
Further information: Category:2020s architectureThere is a revival in expressionist architecture. The SoFi Stadium was completed on 8 September 2020 and is a component of Hollywood Park, a master planned neighborhood in development in Inglewood, California. The stadium serves as a home to the Los Angeles Rams and the Los Angeles Chargers. SoFi Stadium is set to host Super Bowl LVI in February 2022. The stadium is also set to host the opening and closing ceremonies, soccer and archery in the 2028 Summer Olympics, which will be hosted in Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
The Unity Tower was finally completed on 30 September 2020. The construction of the building originally started in 1975, but stopped permanently in 1981 because of economic constraints and political unrest at the time. Due to the unfinished building's resemblance to a skeleton, it was nicknamed after Skeletor, the arch-villain in He-Man and the Masters of the Universe, which was popular in Poland at the time construction began.
- In 2021, Renzo Piano completes the COVID-19-delayed Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles, California.
Sports
Main articles: List of Olympic Games host cities and List of FIFA World Cup finals2020
- The COVID-19 pandemic leads to the cancellation or rescheduling of numerous sporting events globally:
The 2020 Summer Olympics was postponed to July–August 2021. This was the first Olympic games to be postponed rather than cancelled in history.
The 2020 T20 Cricket World Cup, originally scheduled to take place in Australia, was rescheduled to occur in India in 2021. The tournament was ultimately held in the UAE and Oman (primarily the former) in 2021, with Australia winning the final against New Zealand to earn its first T20 World Cup title.
National Hockey League, Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association and Premier League adapt their seasons and championship play around COVID-19 by placing players in "bubbles" and televising games played in empty arenas and stadiums.
- Liverpool FC, led by Jordan Henderson, wins first Premier League title in the team's history.
- Tampa Bay Lightning won second Stanley Cup championship during playoffs that were held in two "hub" cities in Canada (Toronto, Edmonton). It is the first time since 1925 that the Stanley Cup is contested entirely in Canada.
- Lewis Hamilton records most Formula One career wins.
2021
- COVID-19 pandemic: Due to cross-border restrictions, the NHL realigns its team divisions with all seven Canadian teams competing in their own division for the first time.
- With the easing of COVID restrictions in the UK, the 2021 Wimbledon Championships are held with full attendances. Novak Djokovic wins the men's singles title, his 20th Grand Slam win equaling Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal's record.
- Canada won their 27th ice hockey World title in 2021 IIHF World Championships, after defeating the reigning champion Finland in the final in overtime.
- Hideki Matsuyama wins the Masters, becoming the first-ever Japanese golfer to win a major golfing championship.
- Tampa Bay Lightning win second of back-to-back titles and third championship overall, defeating the Montreal Canadiens in a five game series.
- The Milwaukee Bucks won their first NBA championship in 50 years and their second title overall, with Giannis Antetokounmpo named Finals MVP.
- Italy won UEFA Euro 2020 by defeating England 3–2 on penalties.
- Argentina wins the Copa América.
- The 2020 Summer Olympics take place in Tokyo, Japan, being the country's fourth time hosting the games. The United States wins the most gold and overall medals, with China coming in second and host Japan coming in third.
Food
Food delivery apps such as DoorDash, Menulog, Uber Eats, GrubHub and Just Eat Takeaway flourished due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Indoor dining was also closed in many countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and upon re-opening the usage of QR Codes and other technologies in the restaurant industry increased compared to the 2010s to comply with pandemic restrictions.
See also
Timeline
The following articles contain brief timelines which list the most prominent events of the decade:
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