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{{for|the Bengali surname|Barua (Bangladesh)}} {{Short description|Assamese surname}}
{{For|the ethnic group|Barua people}}
{{Infobox surname|name=Chao Phu-ke|language=Ahom language , Assamese|region=Ahom religion, Buddhism ,Christianity , Hinduism|languageorigin=Ahom kingdom|origin=Tai Neua , Ahom Script|derivation=Barua|meaning=|motto=To spread Ahom Kingdom|family=Phuke-lung (Borboruah)|clans=Tai-Ahom Phoid|footnotes=}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}

{{Culture of Assam}} {{Culture of Assam}}
'''Chao Phu Ke''' or '''Barua''' ({{lang-as|বৰুৱা}}); which is also spelled as Baruah, Barooah, Baruwa, Baroova, Barooa, Baroowa, Borooah, Boruah, Baroa; is a common ] ]. The surname Barua is usually associated with someone who is an ]. '''Barua''' (also spelt as ''Baroa'', ''Baruah'', ''Barooa'', ''Barooah'', ''Baroova'', ''Baroowa'', ''Borooah'', ''Baruva'', ''Baruwa'', ''Borooah'', ''Borua'', ''Boruah'') is a common ] surname shared by the Assamese communities much like ]s of ].


==In Assam Valley== ==In Assam Valley==
=== History ===
Originally the title was conferred for most of class of officers in the ] of medieval ]. The ] appointed officers with various titles, and Barua meant a ''"Leader of 10,000men"''.
Originally, the ''Barua'' surname was used as a military rank in the ] held by individuals from the ''Buruk'' clan.<ref>"Surnames like Bora, Kataki, Saikia, Tamuli, etc. were found in Sutiya kingdom. It is stated in the Deodhai Buranji that when Ahom king Suhungmung attacked the Sutiya kingdom on the banks of Dihing river, the Sutiya army was led by one Manik Chandra Baruah. Deori folklores also mention the myths behind the creation of each of these titles. For instance, "Bora" was said to be derived from the "Buruk" clan and acted either as a military official or a temple guard..."{{harvcol|Baruah|2007|p=145}}</ref> The historical examples, such as ''Borhuloi Barua'', ''Gajraj Barua'', ''Manik Chandra Barua'' and ''Kasitora Barua'' were ''Sutiya'' officials.<ref>"The Sutiya army was led by ''Borhuloi Barua'' and ''Manikchandra Barua''."{{harvcol|Baruah|2007|p=129}}</ref><ref>Mahanta, Sukumar. ''Assam Buranji''. D.H.A.S., 1945, p. 10,
Another former Sutiya commander named ''Gajraj Barua'' who had sided with the Ahoms showed the enemies the exact way to the location where the king was hiding.</ref>


During the ] reign, ''Barua'' represented by the Tai word ''Phu-ke''<ref>{{harvcol| Gogoi | 1991 |p=44}}</ref>(literally: ''"Leader of 10,000 men"'' in ]), meant a superintending officer of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kakoty |first1=Sanjeeb |title=Technology, Production And Social Formation in the Evolution of the Ahom State |date=2003 |publisher=Regency Publications |isbn=9788187498735 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6DtuAAAAMAAJ&q=Technology,+Production+And+Social+Formation+In+The+Evolution+Of+The+Ahom+State |language=en}}</ref>
The Baruas from Assam are ] , ] , ] , ] by faith and have been a key contributors to the growth of Assamese community. Being a conferred surname, it is widely found to be used across various groups within Assamese community however, with subtle distinctions relating to a group. For instance,
*Baruas who belong to ] community or ] community are classified as ], as opposed to Baruas from ] and ] communities (falling under ]) who are classified as ]s.
*Brahmin Baruas may additionally carry ] / prefixes such as, Bez, Bujar, Govinda, Ranjan, etc., traditionally not or less likely present among Kalitas, Ahoms and Sutiyas.


Appointments as ''Barua''s were made irrespective of the paik's religion or ethnicity. Among other ethnic groups, there is mention of ''Sutiya Barua''s in several instances of ]s. For example, there was a Sutiya revolt against the monarchy led by a ''Sutiya Barua'' in 1673.<ref>{{harvcol|Borua|1930|p=229}}</ref> ''Ahom Barua'' was a position held by the family of the ''Sutiya Kataki'' who joined the Ahoms, after the defeat of Sutiyas;<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|p=563}}</ref> while ''Sutiya Karhi Barua'' was an officer under whom the Sutiya archers of the king's palace were posted.<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|p=561}}</ref> During the reign of ], the ''Dulia Barua'' and ''Kukurachuwa Barua'' were ]s.<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|p=243}}</ref> Other examples of ''Sutiya Baruas'' include ''Moi Barua'' (Buruk-Chutia origin<ref>Bhuyan, S.K, ''Tungkhungia Buranji'', p. 61</ref><ref>Swarnalata, Barua, ''Chutia Jatir Buranji'', p. 226</ref>) and ''Aruwandhara Barua''.<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|p=563}}</ref> The ], ] and ] ''Barua''s were of ] origin,<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|pp=561–562}}</ref> while the others like ''Bapu'', ''Bez'' and ''Dewalia Barua''s were ].<ref>{{harvcol|Borbarua|1997|pp=551–566}}.</ref> Besides these, during the ], the ] rebels also appointed ''Barua''s among themselves.<ref>{{harvcol|Borua|1930|p=303}}</ref>
⚫ ===Notable Baruas===

===Present===
The rank bestowed upon the individuals within the Assamese community was adopted by and forms part of the continuum of the Assamese society of several groups – the ]s, the ]s, the ]s, the Koch, the ]s,<ref>"As we have argued in the previous chapters that one of the most important support base of ULFA comes from Motok-Moran community. Paresh Boruah, the CIC of ULFA; Anup Chetia, the general secretary; etc., belong to the Motok-Moran community." {{harvcol|Mahanta|2013|p=284}}</ref> the ],<ref>The Motock–Moran, known by a generic name of Moamariyas, are one of the proudest races in the history of Assam, especially in the later part of the 18th century and the early part of 19th century." {{harvcol|Mahanta|2013|p=199}}</ref> the Kacharis (] and the ]),<ref>{{Citebook|last=Borboruah|first=Hiteswar|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.451863|title=Ahomar Din Ed. 2nd|date=1997|pages=561–562}}</ref> besides the ]s.

⚫ ===Baruas===
<!--Only add notable people to this list; this usually means they have their own Misplaced Pages article. See Misplaced Pages:Notability (people)--> <!--Only add notable people to this list; this usually means they have their own Misplaced Pages article. See Misplaced Pages:Notability (people)-->
⚫ * ] (1922–1946): Pioneered modern ].
⚫ * ] (1907–1983): Writer, poet, playwright, translator, journalist, an actor from Assam.
* ] (1850–1889): ] scholar, sixth ] officer of India, and the first from Assam.
* ] (1942-): Athlete, ] gold medalist, ] recipient.
⚫ * ] (1914–1998): Novelist, short story writer from Assam. He wrote many novels under the pen-name of ''Kanchan Baruah''.
⚫ * ] (1901–1994): Noted Indian writer, poet of ]
⚫ * ] (1908–1964): Scholar, ], writer, historian, ], ].
⚫ <!--* ]: Famous Tea-Planter of Assam.-->
* ] (1874–1961): Eminent writer, poet, dramatist and lyricist from Assam.
⚫ * ] (1930–2013): Eminent intellectual, ], author, historian and the former Vice-Chancellor (the Chief Executive) of ].
⚫ * ]: President of the ] at the time of Emergency (1975–1977).
⚫ * ] (1837–1894): An Assamese intellectual, ushered in new ideas about social reform in the early years of ].
⚫ * ] (Tyagbir) (1893–1945): ], social worker, writer from ] of Assam.
* ] (1915–1977): Prominent poet, politician from Assam.
⚫ * ] (1836–1897): Prominent writer, ] of Assamese of the 19th century.
⚫ * ]: Tea-Planter, popularly known for ].
⚫ * ] (1880–1955): Notable writer, dramatist, translator of Assam, and a participant in ].
⚫ * ] (1872–1940): Prominent writer (mainly in English language), essayist, historian, and politician from Assam.
* ]: ] from Assam. * ]: ] from Assam.
⚫ * ] (1868–1938): Assamese author, essayist, playwright, poet, and satirist.
⚫ * ] (1908 – 1964): ], ], ], ], ], ].
* ] (1871 – 1946): First president of ], ], ], ], ], and a thought provoking writer. * ] (1926–2002): Prominent Assamese novelist and poet.
* ] (1871–1946): First president of ], novelist, poet, dramatist, ], and a thought provoking writer.
* ]: Indian politician, former member of ], ] of ] Lok Sabha.
⚫ * ] (1868 – 1938): Assamese ], ], ], poet, and ].
⚫ * ], Indian politician
⚫ * ] (1836-1897): Prominent writer, ] of Assamese of the 19th century.
* ] (1915 – 1977): Prominent poet, politician from Assam. * ] (1926–1980): Actor, composer, lyricist, singer and musician.
⚫ <!--* ]:<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L1i51KFUyzIC&pg=PA118 |title=Contemporary Political Leadership in India: Sharad Pawar, the Maratha legacy|access-date=22 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gZmusO1pWjUC&pg=PA24 |title=Quit India Movement in Assam – Anil Kumar Sharma |access-date=22 April 2013}}</ref> A lawyer of Assam, University Prize-man: Gold-medalist in English from ] and an ] of ] from ] and also one of the few Tamra-Patra recipient ] from ]. -->
⚫ * ] (Tyagbir) (1893 – 1945): ], ], writer from ] of Assam.
⚫ * ] – Internationally acclaimed film-maker.
⚫ * ] (1880 – 1955): Notable writer, dramatist, ] of Assam, and a participant in ].
⚫ * ] – Singer, musician, and lead vocalist from Assam.
⚫ * ] (1837 – 1894): An enlightened Assamese ], ushered in new ideas about social reform in the early years of ].
⚫ * ]: Famous ] composer, poet, lyricist, dramatist: an icon of Assamese literature.
⚫ * ] (1922 – 1946): Pioneered modern ].
* ] (1874 – 1961): Eminent writer, poet, dramatist and ] from Assam. * ] (1903–1951): Famous actor, director, and screenwriter of ] in the pre-independence era.
⚫ * ] (1935–2002): Famous ] and daughter of Pramathesh Chandra Baruah.
⚫ * ] (1872 – 1940): Prominent writer (mainly in ]), essayist, historian, and ] from Assam.
* ] (1850 – 1889): ], sixth ] officer of India, and the first from Assam. * ] (1900–1977): Founder of the ] Group, sports enthusiast, introduced Assam to the culture of sports.
⚫ * ]: Pioneer tea planter, path-breaker in Assamese journalism, renowned philanthropist, politician and ].
⚫ * ] (1907 – 1983): Writer, poet, playwright, translator, ], an ] from Assam.
⚫ * ] (1901 – 1994): Noted Indian writer, poet of ]
<!--* ]: Eminent doctor and freedom fighter. The Dr. Bhuwaneshwar Barooah Cancer Institute is named after him.--> <!--* ]: Eminent doctor and freedom fighter. The Dr. Bhuwaneshwar Barooah Cancer Institute is named after him.-->
⚫ *] - Internationally acclaimed film-maker.
⚫ *]: Pioneer tea planter, path-breaker in Assamese journalism, renowned ], politician and ].
⚫ *]: Famous ] ], poet, lyricist, dramatist: an icon of Assamese literature.
*] (1903 – 1951): Famous actor, ], and ] of ] in the pre-independence era.
⚫ *] (1935 – 2002): Famous ] and daughter of Pramathesh Chandra Baruah.
⚫ <!--*]: Politician and ], the first Central Minister of Assam. Translated ] ']' into ] along with three of his associates. His residence in ], known as Barua House, had the honor of receiving Mahatma Gandhi, during a Congress party convention prior to Independence.-->
⚫ *]: President of the ] at the time of ] (1975–1977).
* ] (1926 – 1980): Actor, composer, lyricist, ] and ].
⚫ * ] (1914 – 1998): Novelist, short story writer from Assam. He wrote many novels under the pen-name of ''Kanchan Baruah''.
* ] (1926 – 2002): Prominent Assamese novelist and poet.
<!--* ]: Internationally renowned cardiac surgeon, invented the Baruah valve and an artificial heart. His attempts to transplant the heart of a pig in a human body has remained a subject of some controversy.--> <!--* ]: Internationally renowned cardiac surgeon, invented the Baruah valve and an artificial heart. His attempts to transplant the heart of a pig in a human body has remained a subject of some controversy.-->
⚫ <!--*]: Politician and ], the first Central Minister of Assam. Translated ]'s ']' into ] along with three of his associates. His residence in ], known as Barua House, had the honor of receiving Mahatma Gandhi, during a Congress party convention prior to Independence.-->
⚫ *] - Singer, musician, and lead vocalist from Assam.
⚫ <!--Hari Narayan Dutta Baruah acclaimed writer and historian. Translated the Bhagawat Gita, the Nam Ghosa and authored Kayasto Samajor Itibriti, the genealogy of the Kayastha people of Assam, amongst other things.-->
*] (1900 – 1977): Founder of the ], sports enthusiast, introduced Assam to the culture of sports.
<!-- Arijeet Baruah Just a game developer -->
<!--Please write the article first and claim their notability to be inside wikipedia
⚫ * ]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=L1i51KFUyzIC&pg=PA118 |title=Contemporary Political Leadership in India: Sharad Pawar, the Maratha legacy - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.co.in |date= |accessdate=2013-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=gZmusO1pWjUC&pg=PA24 |title=Quit India Movement in Assam - Anil Kumar Sharma - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.co.in |date= |accessdate=2013-04-22}}</ref> A lawyer of Assam, University Prize-man: Gold-medalist in English from ] and an ] of ] from ] and also one of the few Tamra-Patra recipient ] from ].
⚫ * ]: Tea-Planter, popularly known for ].
⚫ * ], Indian politician
⚫ * ]: Famous Tea-Planter of Assam.-->
* ]: First few ]/]n ] actresses.
⚫ * ] (1930 – 2013:) Eminent intellectual, ], author, historian and the former ] (the Chief Executive) of ].
* ] (1951 – ): Assamese singer.
* ]: Vice-chairperson and the ] of the ] (Independent).
⚫ <!--Only add notable people to this list; this usually means they have their own Misplaced Pages article. See Misplaced Pages:Notability (people)Hari Narayan Dutta Baruah acclaimed writer and historian. Translated the Bhagawat Gita, the Nam Ghosa and authored Kayasto Samajor Itibriti, the genealogy of the Kayastha people of Assam, amongst other things.-->


== Notes == == Notes ==
Line 58: Line 62:


== References == == References ==
*{{cite book |last=Baruah|first=Swarnalata|title=Chutia Jatir Buranji|date=2007}}
⚫ <ref>{{cite book |last1=Sud̈ostasien |title=Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies, Volume 6 |date=2001 |publisher=SEACOM Sud̈ostasien-Gesellschaft, 2001 |edition=1st |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=2H5uAAAAMAAJ&q=Ahom+Barua+Phu-Ke&dq=Ahom+Barua+Phu-Ke&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimwpHIvo3hAhVXWH0KHbFvA_4Q6AEIKjAA}}</ref>
*{{cite book |last1=Gogoi |first1=Lila |title=The History of the system of Ahom administration |date=1991 |publisher=Punthi Pustak,the University of California |pages=44 |isbn=9788185094410 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VtcsAAAAIAAJ&q=The+History+of+the+system+of+Ahom+administration}}
⚫ *{{cite book |last1=Sud̈ostasien |title=Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies, Volume 6 |date=2001 |publisher=SEACOM Sud̈ostasien-Gesellschaft, 2001 |edition=1st |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2H5uAAAAMAAJ&q=Ahom+Barua+Phu-Ke}}
*{{cite book |last1=North East India History Association |first1=session |title=Proceedings of North East India History Association, Volume 7 |year=2008 |volume=7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ai9uAAAAMAAJ&q=Ahom+Barua+Phu-Ke}}
* {{Citation| last = Mahanta| first = Nani G.| title = Confronting the State: ULFA's Quest for Sovereignty|date=2013|publisher=SAGE Publications India| isbn = 9788132113270|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pdyGAwAAQBAJ&q=paresh+baruah+moran+community&pg=PA284}}
*{{cite book |last1=Borbarua |first1=Hiteswar |title=Ahomar Din |date=1997 |publisher=Assam Prakashan Parishad|pages= |isbn=}}
*{{cite book |last1=Borua |first1=Gopal Chandra|title=Ahom Buranji |date=1930|publisher=Baptist Mission Press|pages= |isbn=}}

==Other Links==
* ] or Maramagyi. They belong to sub group of the Magh ethnic community.


==External links== ==External links==
{{commons category|People of Assam}}
*
{{Assam}} {{Assam}}

] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 16:29, 1 October 2024

Assamese surname For the ethnic group, see Barua people.

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Barua (also spelt as Baroa, Baruah, Barooa, Barooah, Baroova, Baroowa, Borooah, Baruva, Baruwa, Borooah, Borua, Boruah) is a common Assamese surname shared by the Assamese communities much like Aroras of Punjab.

In Assam Valley

History

Originally, the Barua surname was used as a military rank in the Sutiya kingdom held by individuals from the Buruk clan. The historical examples, such as Borhuloi Barua, Gajraj Barua, Manik Chandra Barua and Kasitora Barua were Sutiya officials.

During the Ahom reign, Barua represented by the Tai word Phu-ke(literally: "Leader of 10,000 men" in Ahom language), meant a superintending officer of the Paik system of the Ahom Army.

Appointments as Baruas were made irrespective of the paik's religion or ethnicity. Among other ethnic groups, there is mention of Sutiya Baruas in several instances of Buranjis. For example, there was a Sutiya revolt against the monarchy led by a Sutiya Barua in 1673. Ahom Barua was a position held by the family of the Sutiya Kataki who joined the Ahoms, after the defeat of Sutiyas; while Sutiya Karhi Barua was an officer under whom the Sutiya archers of the king's palace were posted. During the reign of Siva Singha, the Dulia Barua and Kukurachuwa Barua were Sutiyas. Other examples of Sutiya Baruas include Moi Barua (Buruk-Chutia origin) and Aruwandhara Barua. The Kachari, Sonowal and Thengal Baruas were of Kachari origin, while the others like Bapu, Bez and Dewalia Baruas were Brahmins. Besides these, during the Moamoria rebellion, the Matak rebels also appointed Baruas among themselves.

Present

The rank bestowed upon the individuals within the Assamese community was adopted by and forms part of the continuum of the Assamese society of several groups – the Ahoms, the Brahmins, the Kalitas, the Koch, the Morans, the Motoks, the Kacharis (Sonowals and the Thengals), besides the Sutiyas.

Baruas

Notes

  1. "639 Identifier Documentation: aho – ISO 639-3". SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics). SIL International. Retrieved 29 June 2019. Ahom
  2. "Population by Religious Communities". Census India – 2001. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 1 July 2019. Census Data Finder/C Series/Population by Religious Communities
  3. "Population by religion community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015. 2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01 MDDS.XLS
  4. "Surnames like Bora, Kataki, Saikia, Tamuli, etc. were found in Sutiya kingdom. It is stated in the Deodhai Buranji that when Ahom king Suhungmung attacked the Sutiya kingdom on the banks of Dihing river, the Sutiya army was led by one Manik Chandra Baruah. Deori folklores also mention the myths behind the creation of each of these titles. For instance, "Bora" was said to be derived from the "Buruk" clan and acted either as a military official or a temple guard..."(Baruah 2007:145)
  5. "The Sutiya army was led by Borhuloi Barua and Manikchandra Barua."(Baruah 2007:129)
  6. Mahanta, Sukumar. Assam Buranji. D.H.A.S., 1945, p. 10, Another former Sutiya commander named Gajraj Barua who had sided with the Ahoms showed the enemies the exact way to the location where the king was hiding.
  7. (Gogoi 1991:44)
  8. Kakoty, Sanjeeb (2003). Technology, Production And Social Formation in the Evolution of the Ahom State. Regency Publications. ISBN 9788187498735.
  9. (Borua 1930:229)
  10. (Borbarua 1997:563)
  11. (Borbarua 1997:561)
  12. (Borbarua 1997:243)
  13. Bhuyan, S.K, Tungkhungia Buranji, p. 61
  14. Swarnalata, Barua, Chutia Jatir Buranji, p. 226
  15. (Borbarua 1997:563)
  16. (Borbarua 1997:561–562)
  17. (Borbarua 1997:551–566).
  18. (Borua 1930:303)
  19. "As we have argued in the previous chapters that one of the most important support base of ULFA comes from Motok-Moran community. Paresh Boruah, the CIC of ULFA; Anup Chetia, the general secretary; etc., belong to the Motok-Moran community." (Mahanta 2013:284)
  20. The Motock–Moran, known by a generic name of Moamariyas, are one of the proudest races in the history of Assam, especially in the later part of the 18th century and the early part of 19th century." (Mahanta 2013:199)
  21. Borboruah, Hiteswar (1997). Ahomar Din Ed. 2nd. pp. 561–562.

References

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