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{{Short description|none}}
]
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2015}}
] is a relatively homogenous country and most of its population is of ] descent, the product of the racial mixture between colonial ] immigrants and the native ] tribes, in varying degrees.
{{Infobox place demographics
| place = Chile
| image = ]
| caption = Chile ] in 2020
<!-- main demographics -->
| size_of_population = {{UN_Population|Chile}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| density =
| growth = 0.63% (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| birth = 12.57 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| death = 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| life = 80.02 years
| life_male = 77.04 years
| life_female = 83.13 years (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| infant_mortality = 6.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web | url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile | title=Chile | date=March 7, 2023 }}</ref>
| fertility = 1.75 children born/woman (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| net_migration = 0.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
<!-- age structure -->
| age_0-14_years = 19.34% (male 1,829,801/female 1,758,137)
| age_15-64_years = 67.56% (male 6,259,566/female 6,273,074)
| age_65_years = 13.09% (male 1,024,692/female 1,404,187) (2023 est.)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
<!-- sex ratio -->
| total_mf_ratio = 0.97 male(s)/female (2023)
| sr_at_birth = 1.04 male(s)/female
| sr_under_15 = 1.04 male(s)/female
| sr_15-64_years = 1 male(s)/female
| sr_65_years_over = 0.73 male(s)/female
<!-- nationality -->
| nation = ]
| major_ethnic = {{unbulleted list
|{{Tree list}}
* ] (N/D)
** ] (N/D)
** ] (N/D)
** ] (N/D)
** ] (N/D)
** Others (N/D)
* ] (N/D)
{{tree list/end}}
}}
| minor_ethnic = {{unbulleted list
|{{Tree list}}
* ] (12.44%)<ref name=":3">{{cite journal |date=November 2018 |periodical=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas |title=Medición de Pueblos Indígenas y Afrodescendientes en el Censo de Población y Vivienda 2017 |url=https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/presentations/03_magdalena_iraguen_ine_chile.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
** ] (9.93%)
** ] (0.89%)
** ] (0.50%)
** Others (1.12%)
* ] (N/D)
** ] (N/D)
** Others (N/D)
* ] (0.70%)<ref name=":3">{{cite journal |date=November 2018 |periodical=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas |title=Medición de Pueblos Indígenas y Afrodescendientes en el Censo de Población y Vivienda 2017 |url=https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/presentations/03_magdalena_iraguen_ine_chile.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
** ] (0.64%)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emol.com/noticias/Nacional/2018/04/09/901867/Extranjeros-en-Chile-superan-el-millon-110-mil-y-el-72-se-concentra-en-dos-regiones-Antofagasta-y-Metropolitana.html|title=Extranjeros en Chile superan el millón 110 mil y el 72% se concentra en dos regiones: Antofagasta y Metropolitana|publisher=El Mercurio|date=9 April 2018|access-date=23 December 2019}}</ref>
** Others (0.06%)
{{tree list/end}}
}}
<!-- language -->
| official = ] (de facto)
| spoken = ]
}}


''']'s''' 2017 census reported a population of 17,574,003 people. Its rate of population growth has been decreasing since 1990, due to a declining ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ine.cl/canales/chile_estadistico/demografia_y_vitales/estadisticas_vitales/pdf/anuarios/vitales2003.zip|title=Anuario Estadísticas Vitales 2003|publisher=Instituto National de Estadísticas}}</ref> By 2050 the population is expected to reach approximately 20.2&nbsp;million people, at which point it is projected to either stagnate or begin declining.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.ine.cl/canales/chile_estadistico/demografia_y_vitales/proyecciones/Informes/MicrosoftWordInforP_T.pdf|title = Chile: Proyecciones y Estimaciones de Población. Total País 1950–2050|publisher = Instituto National de Estadísticas}}</ref> About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in Greater ] alone. The largest ] according to the 2002 census are Greater Santiago with 5.6&nbsp;million people, ] with 861,000
About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in ]. Chile's population growth is among the lowest in ], at around 0.97%, it comes third only to ] and ].
and ] with 824,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.observatoriourbano.cl/indurb/pre_ciudades.asp?id_user=0&idComCiu=0|title=List of Chilean cities|publisher=Observatorio Urbano, Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo de Chile|access-date=February 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031912/http://www.observatoriourbano.cl/indurb/pre_ciudades.asp?id_user=0&idComCiu=0|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>


==Ethnography== ==Population==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
]'', or National Celebrations]]
!rowspan=2| Year
The ethnic composition of Chileans is marked by a socio-genetic gradient where Amerindian admixture typically correlates to ]. Amerindian contribution tends to be strongest in the ], with the ] majority presenting a more balanced degree of both ] and Amerindian ancestry, while those in the ] tend to register the lowest degree of Amerindian contribution. Almost the entirety of the population, however, presents a racially mixed origin, and only a small minority can truly be said to be unmixed European or unmixed Amerindian. The unmixed Amerindian population is in fact said to be now extinct.
!rowspan=2| Total population<br>({{times}}1000)
!colspan=3| Population percentage in age bracket
|-
! 0–14
! 15–64
! 65+
|-
| 1950
|6 143
|{{percentage bar|width=60|36.7}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|59.0}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.3}}
|-
| 1955
|6 862
|{{percentage bar|width=60|38.1}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|57.4}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.5}}
|-
| 1960
|7 696
|{{percentage bar|width=60|39.4}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|55.8}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|4.8}}
|-
| 1965
|8 612
|{{percentage bar|width=60|40.4}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|54.5}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|5.0}}
|-
| 1970
|9 562
|{{percentage bar|width=60|39.6}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|55.2}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|5.2}}
|-
| 1975
|10 421
|{{percentage bar|width=60|36.9}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|57.7}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|5.4}}
|-
| 1980
|11 234
|{{percentage bar|width=60|33.0}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|61.4}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|5.7}}
|-
| 1985
|12 109
|{{percentage bar|width=60|30.6}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|63.2}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|6.2}}
|-
| 1990
|13 141
|{{percentage bar|width=60|29.3}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|64.2}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|6.5}}
|-
| 1995
|14 194
|{{percentage bar|width=60|28.2}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|64.8}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|7.0}}
|-
| 2000
|15 170
|{{percentage bar|width=60|26.5}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|65.8}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|7.7}}
|-
| 2005
|16 097
|{{percentage bar|width=60|24.0}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|67.5}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|8.5}}
|-
| 2010
|17 015
|{{percentage bar|width=60|21.9}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|68.5}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|9.6}}
|-
| 2015
|17 948
|{{percentage bar|width=60|20.1}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|69.0}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|10.9}}
|-
| 2020
|19 116
|{{percentage bar|width=60|19.2}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|68.5}}
|{{percentage bar|width=60|12.2}}
|}


{{Historical populations
Nevertheless, based solely on ], between 5 and 10% of the current population would be classified as Amerindian, some 30% would be classified as ], and the remaining majority, between 60 and 65%, would be the discernably mestizo population that has a certain tendancy towards a slightly greater input on the European side and averages a racial mixture not much lower than the average ratio for Chile's overall population.
|type =
According to the Program of Human Genetics of the ], the average ratio of racial mixture for Chile's overall population, calculated by the use of nuclear markers, is approximately 60% European contribution and 40% Amerindian, depending on the socioeconomic level. According to Rothhammer (1987/2004), that average ratio stands at 57% European contribution and 43% Amerindian.
|footnote = Source:<ref>{{cite web|title=CHILE: Proyecciones y Estimaciones de Población . Total País 1950-2050CHILE: Proyecciones y Estimaciones de Población . Total País 1950-2050|url=http://www.ine.cl/estadisticas/demograficas-y-vitales|website=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas de Chile|access-date=27 July 2017}}</ref>
|1835 | 1103036
|1843 | 1083701
|1854 | 1446031
|1865 | 1819223
|1875 | 2075971
|1885 | 2527320
|1895 | 2687985
|1907 | 3249279
|1920 | 3753799
|1930 | 4287445
|1940 | 5023539
|1952 | 5932995
|1960 | 7374115
|1970 | 8884768
|1982 | 11329736
|1992 | 13348401
|2002 | 15116435
|2017 | 17574003
}}
According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Chile}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 6,143,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 20.1%, 69.0% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 10.9% was 65 years or older.<ref name="WPP 2015">{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/|title=World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations|publisher=esa.un.org|access-date=November 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927071528/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/|archive-date=September 27, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{GraphChart
| width = 550
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
| y1= 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8, 6.9, 7.1, 7.3, 7.5, 7.6, 7.8, 8, 8.2, 8.4, 8.6, 8.8, 9, 9.2, 9.4, 9.6, 9.7, 9.9, 10.1, 10.2, 10.4, 10.6, 10.7, 10.9, 11, 11.2, 11.4, 11.5, 11.7, 11.9, 12, 12.2, 12.5, 12.7, 12.9, 13.2, 13.4, 13.7, 13.9, 14.2, 14.4, 14.6, 14.8, 15, 15.2, 15.4, 15.6, 15.7, 15.9, 16.1, 16.3, 16.4, 16.6, 16.8, 16.9, 17.1, 17.3, 17.4, 17.6, 17.8, 18, 18.2, 18.4, 18.8, 19.1, 19.5, 19.5, 19.8
| y1Title= population (million)


}}
==Indigenous communities==
{{GraphChart
{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 style="margin: 0.5em 1em 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" width=34%
| width = 550
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 19.0, 18.8, 22.6, 21.9, 20.5, 22.1, 23.9, 24.0, 23.9, 23.1, 24.5, 25.4, 26.1, 25.7, 25.1, 25.0, 22.7, 21.1, 20.5, 19.6, 18.6, 19.5, 19.2, 19.5, 18.5, 17.4, 15.8, 15.6, 15.1, 15.1, 15.5, 17.1, 17.3, 15.6, 15.9, 15.6, 16.4, 16.8, 17.5, 17.7, 17.3, 16.7, 16.1,15.4, 15.1, 13.9, 13.7, 13.2, 12.6, 12.0, 11.9, 11.3, 10.9, 10.2, 9.7, 9.6, 9.6, 9.0, 9.4, 9.6, 9.0, 8.9, 8.3, 8.1, 8.5, 7.9, 7.1, 6.1, 6.1, 5.3, 3.5, 2.1

| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
}}

{{GraphChart
| width =450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 5
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 2.54, 2.48, 2.41, 2.34, 2.28, 2.22, 2.17, 2.11, 2.07, 2.03, 1.97, 1.92, 1.88, 1.87, 1.89, 1.93, 1.97, 1.96, 1.93, 1.88, 1.84, 1.84, 1.85, 1.79, 1.68, 1.58, 1.55

| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}

=== Structure of the population ===

{{Hidden begin
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2013): <ref name="un">{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm|title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|publisher=unstats.un.org|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 8 688 067
| align="right" | 8 868 748
| align="right" | 17 556 815
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 639 270
| align="right" | 615 764
| align="right" | 1 255 034
| align="right" | 7.15
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 633 287
| align="right" | 610 458
| align="right" | 1 243 745
| align="right" | 7.08
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 648 484
| align="right" | 625 765
| align="right" | 1 274 249
| align="right" | 7.26
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 707 959
| align="right" | 684 424
| align="right" | 1 392 383
| align="right" | 7.93
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 749 460
| align="right" | 727,530
| align="right" | 1 476 990
| align="right" | 8.41
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 710 354
| align="right" | 693 723
| align="right" | 1 404 077
| align="right" | 8.00
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 634 056
| align="right" | 624 375
| align="right" | 1 258 431
| align="right" | 7.17
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 598 029
| align="right" | 595 813
| align="right" | 1 193 842
| align="right" | 6.80
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 612 898
| align="right" | 617 259
| align="right" | 1 230 157
| align="right" | 7.01
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 610 366
| align="right" | 621 300
| align="right" | 1 231 666
| align="right" | 7.02
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 574 320
| align="right" | 592 349
| align="right" | 1 166 669
| align="right" | 6.65
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 468 437
| align="right" | 492 763
| align="right" | 961 200
| align="right" | 5.47
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 359 065
| align="right" | 390 681
| align="right" | 749 746
| align="right" | 4.27
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 276 510
| align="right" | 317 107
| align="right" | 593 617
| align="right" | 3.38
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 200 585
| align="right" | 247 698
| align="right" | 448 283
| align="right" | 2.55
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 133 715
| align="right" | 183 899
| align="right" | 317 614
| align="right" | 1.81
|-
| align="right" | 80+
| align="right" | 131 272
| align="right" | 227 840
| align="right" | 359 112
| align="right" | 2.05
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 1 921 041
| align="right" | 1 851 987
| align="right" | 3 773 028
| align="right" | 21.49
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 6 024 944
| align="right" | 6 040 217
| align="right" | 12 065 161
| align="right" | 68.72
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 742 082
| align="right" | 976 544
| align="right" | 1 718 626
| align="right" | 9.79
|- |-
!colspan=6|Those belonging to recognised indigenous communities (])
|-align=right
|align=left|Alacalufe||2.622||0,02%||align=left|]||604.349||4,00%
|-align=right
|align=left|Atacameño||21.015||0,14%||align=left|]||6.175||0,04%
|-align=right
|align=left|]||48.501||0,32%||align=left|]||4.647||0,03%
|-align=right
|align=left|Colla||3.198||0,02%||align=left|Yámana||1.685||0,01%
|} |}
{{Hidden end}}
According to the 1992 Chilean census, a total of 10.5% of the total population declared themselves indigenous, irrespective of whether they currently practiced or spoke a native culture and language; almost one million people (9.7% of the total) declared themselves ], 0.6% declared to be ], and a 0.2% reported as ].


{{Hidden begin
At the 2002 census, only indigenous people that still practiced or spoke a native culture and language were surveyed: 4.6% of the population (692,192 people) fit that description; of these, 87.3% declared themselves Mapuche.
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (30.VI.2021) (Post-censal estimates.): <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 9 708 512
| align="right" | 9 969 851
| align="right" | 19 678 363
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 600 632
| align="right" | 578 263
| align="right" | 1 178 895
| align="right" | 5.99
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 651 336
| align="right" | 627 814
| align="right" | 1 279 150
| align="right" | 6.50
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 655 232
| align="right" | 632 388
| align="right" | 1 287 620
| align="right" | 6.54
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 631 851
| align="right" | 610 954
| align="right" | 1 242 805
| align="right" | 6.32
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 719 079
| align="right" | 697 050
| align="right" | 1 416 129
| align="right" | 7.20
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 827 115
| align="right" | 802 756
| align="right" | 1 629 871
| align="right" | 8.28
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 842 111
| align="right" | 817 367
| align="right" | 1 659 478
| align="right" | 8.43
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 738 934
| align="right" | 722 171
| align="right" | 1 461 105
| align="right" | 7.42
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 683 807
| align="right" | 678 365
| align="right" | 1 362 172
| align="right" | 6.92
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 644 339
| align="right" | 651 942
| align="right" | 1 296 281
| align="right" | 6.59
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 602 079
| align="right" | 622 931
| align="right" | 1 225 010
| align="right" | 6.23
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 566 471
| align="right" | 601 133
| align="right" | 1 167 604
| align="right" | 5.93
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 483 184
| align="right" | 530 360
| align="right" | 1 013 544
| align="right" | 5.15
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 393 552
| align="right" | 450 783
| align="right" | 844 335
| align="right" | 4.29
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 278 885
| align="right" | 336 455
| align="right" | 615 340
| align="right" | 3.13
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 184 713
| align="right" | 246 241
| align="right" | 430 954
| align="right" | 2.19
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 113 029
| align="right" | 174 032
| align="right" | 287 061
| align="right" | 1.46
|-
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 59 048
| align="right" | 109 156
| align="right" | 168 204
| align="right" | 0.85
|-
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 26 017
| align="right" | 57 951
| align="right" | 83 968
| align="right" | 0.43
|-
| align="right" | 95-99
| align="right" | 6 154
| align="right" | 17 742
| align="right" | 23 896
| align="right" | 0.12
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 944
| align="right" | 3 997
| align="right" | 4 941
| align="right" | 0.03
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 1 907 200
| align="right" | 1 838 465
| align="right" | 3 745 665
| align="right" | 19.03
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 6 738 970
| align="right" | 6 735 029
| align="right" | 13 473 999
| align="right" | 68.47
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 1 062 342
| align="right" | 1 396 357
| align="right" | 2 458 699
| align="right" | 12.49
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}


==Ancestry and ethnic structure==
==Immigration==
{{main|Chilean people}}
Relative to its overall population, Chile never experienced any large scale wave of immigrants. Compared to neighbouring ] or ], where European immigration doubled to tripled their existing populations, the total number of immigrants to Chile, both originating from other Latin American countries and all other (mostly European) countries, never surpassed 4% of its total population. This is not to say that immigrants were not important to the evolution of Chilean society and the Chilean nation.
{{bar box
|title=Ethnic groups background in Chile<ref name="CIATONGA"/>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Ethnic groups
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=


{{bar percent| White |blue|65.0}}
Small numbers of non-Spanish ]an immigrants arrived in Chile - mainly to the northern and southern extremities of the country - during the ] and ] centuries, including ], ], ], ], and ]. In ] a small but noteworthy German immigration took place, sponsored by the Chilean government with aims of colonising the southern region. With time, and although undertaken by no more than 7,000 people, that German immigration influenced the cultural composition of the southern provinces of ], ] and ]. Although the total number of these European immigrants was relatively small, and they did not achieve much more than to add a non-Spanish element to the upper classes, their presence did transform the country technologically, economically, religiously, and culturally. The prevalence of non-Hispanic European surnames among the governing body of modern Chile are a testament to their disproportionate contribution and influence in the country. To these immigrations it is also worth mentioning the ] and especially ] communities, the latter being the largest colony of that people outside of the Arab world. The volume of immigrants from neighbouring countries to Chile during those same periods was of a similar value.
{{bar percent| Mestizo |orange|30.0}}
{{bar percent|] |green|5.0}}


}}
Currently, ] from neighboring countries to Chile is greatest, and during the last decade immigration to Chile has doubled to 184,464 people in ], originating primarily from ], ] and ]. During the last decade ] to Chile has doubled to 184,464 people in 2002, originating primarily from the neighbouring countries of ], ] and ].
Chile is a ],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Omotayo |first1=Folake |title=Chile Country Profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19357497 |agency=BBC |date=12 April 2018}}</ref> home to individuals with varied ethnic backgrounds. Studies on the ethnic makeup of ] differ significantly from one another.


A public health book from the ] states that 35% of the population are Mestizos with predominantly White admixture, with 60% being of Caucasoid origin and Amerindians comprising the remaining 5%.<ref name="UC">{{cite web |title=5.2.6. Estructura racial |url=http://mazinger.sisib.uchile.cl/repositorio/lb/ciencias_quimicas_y_farmaceuticas/medinae/cap2/5b6.html |accessdate=2007-08-26 |work=La Universidad de Chile |language= |archive-date=October 16, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016124831/http://mazinger.sisib.uchile.cl/repositorio/lb/ciencias_quimicas_y_farmaceuticas/medinae/cap2/5b6.html |url-status=dead }} ()</ref> ] professor of ] studies, Francisco Lizcano, estimates that 52.7% of the Chilean population can be classified as ], with 39.3% being ] and the remaining 8% belonging to Amerindian cultures.<ref name="Lizcano">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LcabJ98-t1wC&pg=PA93|title=Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI|isbn=9789707570528|last1=Fernández|first1=Francisco Lizcano|year=2007|publisher=Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México }}</ref> Other social studies put the total number of ] at over 60%.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fabregat |first1=Claudio Esteva |year=1988 |title=El mestizaje en Iberoamérica |trans-title=Mestizaje in Ibero-America |language=es |publisher=Alhambra |oclc=607746880 }}{{page needed|date=November 2020}}</ref> According to the ] ], the entire population consists of a combined 95.4% of "Whites and Mixed-Race people" and 4.6% of Amerindians. These figures are based on a national census held in 2002, which classified the population as indigenous and non-indigenous rather than as White or Mestizo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/ |title=CIA World Factbook: Chile |publisher=Cia.gov |access-date=September 22, 2011}}</ref>
In regards to ] of Chileans, the phenomenon has decreased during the last decade, and it is estimated that 857,781 Chileans live abroad, 50.1% of those being in Argentina, 13.3% in the ], 4.9% in ], and around 2% in ], with the rest being scattered in smaller numbers accross the globe.


The 2011 ] survey asked respondents in Chile to identify their race, with the majority (67%) selecting "white," followed by "mestizo" (25%), and "indigenous" (8%).<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113084058/http://www.latinobarometro.org/latino/LATContenidos.jsp |date=January 13, 2016 }}, ].</ref> In a 2002 national poll, the majority of Chileans reported having "some" (43.4%) or "much" (8.3%) indigenous ancestry, while 40.3% claimed to have none.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cepchile.cl/enc_encuestas.html |title=Encuesta CEP, Julio 2002 |date=July 2002 |access-date=May 18, 2012 |language=es |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429001707/http://www.cepchile.cl/enc_encuestas.html |archive-date=April 29, 2013 |df=mdy }}</ref>
Interregional population mobility within Chile has also increased in the last decades causing a massive migration from the rural areas towards the larger cities. While in the south-central regions of the country more than 80% of the population was local born (in the Region of Biobío levels reach 86.11%), in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago only 71% of the population was local born, while in the more extreme regions such as the Region of Magallanes this number reaches only 55%.


According to Encyclopedia Britannica as of year 2002 only 22% of Chileans were white and 72% were mestizo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-10 |title=Chile - Indigenous, Mestizo, European {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chile/People |access-date=2024-12-11 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
==Demographic data==
]
===Population===
:16,134,219 (April 2006 est.)


===Age structure=== === Population genetics ===
Genetics studies fluctuate between 57,8% and 67.9% European;<ref name="Oliveira, 2008">{{cite thesis |last1=Godinho |first1=Neide Maria de Oliveira |title=O impacto das migrações na constituição genética de populações latino-americanas |trans-title=The impact of migration on the genetic makeup of Latin American populations |language=pt |year=2008 |url=http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/5542 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316152334/https://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/5542 |archive-date=16 March 2016 }}</ref><ref name="Valenzuela, 1984">{{cite journal |last1=Valenzuela |first1=C. |title=Marco de referencia sociogenetico para los estudios de salud publica en Chile |trans-title=Sociogenetic reference limits for public health studies in Chile |language=es |journal=Revista Chilena de Pediatría |date=1984 |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=123–127 |pmid=6473850 |url=https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/lil-20293 }}</ref><ref name="Vanegas et al, 2008">{{cite journal |last1=Vanegas L |first1=Jairo |last2=Villalón C |first2=Marcelo |last3=Valenzuela Y |first3=Carlos |title=Consideraciones acerca del uso de la variable etnia/raza en investigación epidemiológica para la Salud Pública: A propósito de investigaciones en inequidades |trans-title=Ethnicity and race as variables in epidemiológical research about inequity |language=es |journal=Revista médica de Chile |date=May 2008 |volume=136 |issue=5 |doi=10.4067/S0034-98872008000500014 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Cruz-Coke">{{cite journal |last1=Cruz-Coke |first1=R |last2=Moreno |first2=R S |title=Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile. |journal=Journal of Medical Genetics |date=1 September 1994 |volume=31 |issue=9 |pages=702–706 |doi=10.1136/jmg.31.9.702 |pmid=7815439 |pmc=1050080 }}</ref> between 32.1% and 44.3% Amerindian;<ref name="Valenzuela, 1984"/><ref name="Fuentes et al 2014">{{cite journal |last1=Fuentes |first1=Macarena |last2=Pulgar |first2=Iván |last3=Gallo |first3=Carla |last4=Bortolini |first4=María-Cátira |last5=Canizales-Quinteros |first5=Samuel |last6=Bedoya |first6=Gabriel |last7=González-José |first7=Rolando |last8=Ruiz-Linares |first8=Andrés |last9=Rothhammer |first9=Francisco |title=Geografía génica de Chile: Distribución regional de los aportes genéticos americanos, europeos y africanos |trans-title=Gene geography of Chile. Regional distribution of American, European and African genetic contributions |language=es |journal=Revista médica de Chile |date=March 2014 |volume=142 |issue=3 |pages=281–289 |doi=10.4067/S0034-98872014000300001 |pmid=25052264 |doi-access=free |hdl=10183/118734 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> and 2.5%—6.3% African ancestry percentages.<ref name="Homburger et al, 2015">{{cite journal |last1=Homburger |first1=Julian R. |last2=Moreno-Estrada |first2=Andrés |last3=Gignoux |first3=Christopher R. |last4=Nelson |first4=Dominic |last5=Sanchez |first5=Elena |last6=Ortiz-Tello |first6=Patricia |last7=Pons-Estel |first7=Bernardo A. |last8=Acevedo-Vasquez |first8=Eduardo |last9=Miranda |first9=Pedro |last10=Langefeld |first10=Carl D. |last11=Gravel |first11=Simon |last12=Alarcón-Riquelme |first12=Marta E. |last13=Bustamante |first13=Carlos D. |title=Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America |journal=PLOS Genetics |date=4 December 2015 |volume=11 |issue=12 |pages=e1005602 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602 |pmid=26636962 |pmc=4670080 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Oliveira, 2008"/> A genetic study by the ] found that the average Chilean's genetic makeup consists of 64% Caucasian and 35% Amerindian ancestry.<ref name="Cruz-Coke3">{{cite journal |title=Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile |year=1994 |publisher=ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|pmc=1050080 |last1=Cruz-Coke |first1=R. |last2=Moreno |first2=R. S. |journal=Journal of Medical Genetics |volume=31 |issue=9 |pages=702–706 |doi=10.1136/jmg.31.9.702 |pmid=7815439 }}</ref> In a 2014 study of Chilean soldiers stationed in ], researchers found that the average self-identifying white person (37.9%) was genetically only 54% European.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ruiz-Linares |first1=Andrés |last2=Adhikari |first2=Kaustubh |last3=Acuña-Alonzo |first3=Victor |last4=Quinto-Sanchez |first4=Mirsha |last5=Jaramillo |first5=Claudia |last6=Arias |first6=William |last7=Fuentes |first7=Macarena |last8=Pizarro |first8=María |last9=Everardo |first9=Paola |last10=de Avila |first10=Francisco |last11=Gómez-Valdés |first11=Jorge |last12=León-Mimila |first12=Paola |last13=Hunemeier |first13=Tábita |last14=Ramallo |first14=Virginia |last15=Silva de Cerqueira |first15=Caio C. |date=25 September 2014 |title=Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=e1004572 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572 |pmc=4177621 |pmid=25254375 |last16=Burley |first16=Mari-Wyn |last17=Konca |first17=Esra |last18=de Oliveira |first18=Marcelo Zagonel |last19=Veronez |first19=Mauricio Roberto |last20=Rubio-Codina |first20=Marta |last21=Attanasio |first21=Orazio |last22=Gibbon |first22=Sahra |last23=Ray |first23=Nicolas |last24=Gallo |first24=Carla |last25=Poletti |first25=Giovanni |last26=Rosique |first26=Javier |last27=Schuler-Faccini |first27=Lavinia |last28=Salzano |first28=Francisco M. |last29=Bortolini |first29=Maria-Cátira |last30=Canizales-Quinteros |first30=Samuel |last31=Rothhammer |first31=Francisco |last32=Bedoya |first32=Gabriel |last33=Balding |first33=David |last34=Gonzalez-José |first34=Rolando |doi-access=free }}</ref>
:0-14 years: 24.7% (male 2,035,278/female 1,944,754)
:15-64 years: 67.1% (male 5,403,525/female 5,420,497)
:65 years and over: 8.2% (male 555,075/female 775,090) (2006 est.)


===Median age=== === European immigration ===
{{See also|Immigration to Chile}}
:Total: 30.4 years
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%; float: right"
:Male: 29.5 years
|-
:Female: 31.4 years (2006 est.)
! colspan=2 | Historical groups of immigrants
|-
! Ethnicity
!Total


===Population growth rate===
:0.94% (2006 est.)


===Birth rate===
:15.23 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)


===Death rate===
:5.81 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)


|-
===Net migration rate===
| Spanish
:0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
|16,200,000<ref>{{cite web | title=Departamento de Extranjería y Migración, (INE-DEM, 2019). }}</ref>
|-
| Basque
|4,700,000{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|-
| Mapuche
|1,500,000<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|access-date=3 March 2022 |last=Aravena Reyes |date=2014 |doi=10.4000/alhim.4942 |first=Andrea |periodical=Amérique Latine Histoire et Mémoire. Les Cahiers ALHIM |title=Identidad indígena en Chile en contexto de migración, urbanización y globalización |issue=27 |url=https://doi.org/10.4000/alhim.4942|doi-access=free }}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
|-
| Germans
|1,000,000<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dw.com/es/alemanes-en-chile-entre-el-pasado-colono-y-el-presente-empresarial/a-14958983-1 | title=Alemanes en Chile: Entre el pasado colono y el presente empresarial &#124; DW &#124; 31.03.2011 | website=] }}</ref>
|-
| French
|900,000<ref name=rp>{{cite journal | url=https://journals.openedition.org/hommesmigrations/2720 | doi=10.4000/hommesmigrations.2720 | title=Le Chili et les mouvements migratoires | year=2014 | last1=Parvex | first1=Ricardo | journal=Hommes & Migrations | issue=1305 | pages=71–76 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
|-
| Italian
|800,000<ref name="rp" />
|-
| Arabs
|800,000<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ibtimes.com/arabs-andes-chile-unlikely-long-term-home-large-palestinian-community-1449718 | title=Arabs in the Andes? Chile, the Unlikely Long-Term Home of a Large Palestinian Community | website=] | date=October 31, 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| Croatian
|800,000<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.domovina.cl/inmigrantes-otras.php | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702225324/http://www.domovina.cl/inmigrantes-otras.php | archive-date=July 2, 2015 | title=Domovina - Inmigrantes croatas en Chile }}</ref>
|-
| English
|680,000<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.biografiadechile.cl/detalle.php?IdContenido=1673&IdCategoria=91&IdArea=488&TituloPagina=Historia%20de%20Chile | title=.:: Biografía de Chile ::. Historia de Chile - Otros Artículos - Británicos y Anglosajones en Chile durante el siglo XIX. - | access-date=September 15, 2009 | archive-date=November 12, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112003642/http://www.biografiadechile.cl/detalle.php?IdContenido=1673 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| Scottish
|350,000{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|-
| Irish
|120,000<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ohigginstours.com/esp/irlandeses.php | title=O'Higgins Tours &#124; la Historia de los Irlandeses en Chile }}</ref>
|}
]) immigrants to ] in southern Chile.]]


Chile – located far from Europe and difficult to reach – was never an attractive place for migrants from Europe,<ref name=Euzko> {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130819165814/http://www.euzkoetxeachile.cl/libros/04-De%20los%20Vascos%20Onati%20y%20los%20Elorza-2.pdf |date= August 19, 2013 }} "...De Los Vascos, Oñati Y Los Elorza" by ''Waldo Ayarza Elorza''. Page 59, 65, 66</ref><ref name="HistoriaContemporaneaDeChile">{{cite book | title= Historia Contemporánea de Chile |last1= Salazar Vergara |first1= Gabriel |last2= Pinto |first2= Julio |author-link1= Gabriel Salazar |author-link2= Julio Pinto | year= 1999 | publisher= ] | location= Santiago de Chile | isbn= 978-956-282-174-2 |chapter= La Presencia Inmigrante |pages= 76–81 |access-date= September 16, 2012 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Vyx8JQtvU78C&q=Chile+migracion+europea&pg=PA78 }}</ref> a situation recognized in the census of 1907, the census which recorded the highest percentage of Europeans versus the total population of Chile (2.2%).<ref name=1907Census/>
===Sex ratio===
:At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
:Under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
:15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
:65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
:Total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)


{{Blockquote|The observed increase in 1885 is due in large part to the annexation of three provinces after the ] and the final conquest of the ]. Given that our country receives almost no foreign immigration, this increase is significant, when compared with that of more advanced countries in this regard. The comparative table that follows demonstrates this:<br />
===Infant mortality rate===
(...)<br />
:Total: 8.58 deaths/1,000 live births
Except for those lucky countries that have seen in the last half century flocking to its beaches a huge influx of immigrants, a situation that unfortunately is not ours, the rate of increase of the population of Chile, figures honorably between the rate of the most prosperous countries on Earth.| National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas)<ref name=1907Census>Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas: {{in lang|es}}</ref>}}
:Male: 9.32 deaths/1,000 live births
:Female: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)


European migration in the 19th century did not result in a remarkable change in the ethnic composition of Chile, except in the ] and the city of Concepcion in the BIO-BIO Region.<ref name=C1907>Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas de Chile: {{in lang|es}}</ref>
===Life expectancy at birth===
:Total population: 76.77 years
:Male: 73.49 years
:Female: 80.21 years (2006 est.)


Spain and France was the largest source of European immigration to Chile during the 17th and 18th centuries, specially from the deep southern parts of Andalusia and Extremadura, which contributed to the Chilean ethnogenesis with thousands of peasants who migrated to the fertile lands of the Chilean Central Valley alongside the Basque merchants who started to arrive in the 18th century in great numbers.
===Total fertility rate===
:2 children born/woman (2006 est.)


The largest contingent of people to have arrived in post-independence Chile came from Spain and from the ], a region divided between northern Spain and southern France. Estimates of the number of Chileans who have one or two surnames of ] origin range from 10% (1,600,000) to as high as 20% (3,200,000).<ref name="Diariovasco">. Diariovasco. (December 1, 1997).</ref><ref> Ainara Madariaga:
===HIV/AIDS===
Autora del estudio ''"Imaginarios vascos desde Chile La construcción de imaginarios vascos en Chile durante el siglo XX"''.</ref><ref>. Euskonews.com.</ref><ref>''Contacto Interlingüístico e intercultural en el mundo hispano.instituto valenciano de lenguas y culturas. Universitat de València Cita:'' Un 20% de la población chilena tiene su origen en el País Vasco.</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100202064123/http://www.empresariosvascos.cl/boletines/2008-11-03-BOLETIN-EMPREBASK.pdf |date= February 2, 2010 }}</ref><ref name=Euzko3> {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130819165814/http://www.euzkoetxeachile.cl/libros/04-De%20los%20Vascos%20Onati%20y%20los%20Elorza-2.pdf |date= August 19, 2013 }} De Los Vascos, Oñati y Los Elorza ''Waldo Ayarza Elorza''.</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} </ref> Note that this phenomenon occurs not only in Chile, but also in every ] of Spain,<ref name=migraciones>{{cite web |title= Apellidos y Migraciones Internas en La España Cristiana de La Reconquista |first1= Fernando González del Campo |last1= Román |url= http://hispagen.es/encuentro1/migraciones.pdf }}</ref> as well as in other Latin American countries – one can see that a substantial portion of their populations ] of ] or ] origin,<ref name="euskonews">{{cite web |url= http://www.euskonews.com/0214zbk/kosmo21402.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030921192107/http://www.euskonews.com/0214zbk/kosmo21402.html |archive-date= September 21, 2003 |url-status= dead |title= Presente y futuro de los Centros Vascos en Argentina (I de III) |access-date= November 19, 2015 |df= mdy-all }}</ref><ref>Luis Gorostiza, (1912).{{full citation needed|date= November 2020}}</ref><ref>Vascos en Colombia, Tomos 1 y 2, Francisco de Abrisketa, Jaime de Kerexet</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/21/world/montevideo-journal-basques-have-lots-to-boast-of-and-at-times-do.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |title= Montevideo Journal: Basques Have Lots to Boast of (and at Times Do) |quote= A fourth of Uruguay's three million people have at least one parent with a Basque surname. | work= The New York Times | first= Shirley | last= Christian | date= November 21, 1989 | access-date= April 26, 2010}}</ref><ref>Bacaicoa Sanz, Francisco: "Apellidos vascos en el México de los Virreyes", en BIAEV, XXX, Bilbao, 1979.</ref><ref>De Ispizúa, Segundo: Los vascos en América: Simón Bolívar Volumen 2; Volumen 5</ref> tending to be more common in the upper classes, and hence becoming more unusual in lower classes.<ref> {{blockquote| (Fragment)Hoy día los apellidos vascos son frecuentes en los grupos dirigentes, políticos y económicos, de gran número de países de América Latina. Una lista de las cincuenta mayores familias propietarias de Argentina... }}</ref>
:Adult prevalence rate: 0.3% (2003 est.)
:People living with HIV/AIDS: 26,000 (2003 est.)
:Deaths: 1,400 (2003 est.)


Chile's various waves of non-Spanish immigrants include ], Irish, ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].
===Nationality===
:Noun: Chilean(s)
:Adjective: Chilean


In 1848 an important and substantial ] immigration took place, laying the foundation for the ] community.<ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130116212428/http://www.nuestro.cl/museos/museos_uasutral3.htm |date= January 16, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131016092348/http://pehueneditores.com/bodega_pehuen/20%20de%20junio/ensayo/orden%20prodigioso.pdf |date= October 16, 2013 }}</ref> Sponsored by the Chilean government for the colonization of the southern region, the Germans (including German-speaking ], ], ] and ]), strongly influenced the cultural and racial composition of the southern provinces of Chile. It is difficult to count the number of descendants of Germans in Chile, given the great amount of time since 1848. Because many areas of ] were sparsely populated, the traces of German immigration there are quite noticeable. An independent estimate calculates that about 500,000 Chileans could descend from German immigrants.<ref>{{cite news|title= Alemanes en Chile: entre el pasado colono y el presente empresarial |url= http://www.dw.de/alemanes-en-chile-entre-el-pasado-colono-y-el-presente-empresarial/a-14958983-1|access-date= December 22, 2012 |date= March 31, 2011 |agency= Deustche-Welle |language= es | quote= Hoy, el perfil de los alemanes residentes aquí es distinto y ya no tienen el peso numérico que alguna vez alcanzaron. En los años 40 y 50 eran en Chile el segundo mayor grupo de extranjeros, representando el 13% (13.000 alemanes). Según el último censo de 2002, en cambio, están en el octavo lugar: son sólo 5.500 personas, lo que equivale al 3% de los foráneos. Sin embargo, la colonia formada por familias de origen alemán es activa y numerosa. Según explica Karla Berndt, gerente de comunicaciones de la Cámara Chileno-Alemana de Comercio (Camchal), los descendientes suman 500.000. Concentrados en el sur y centro del país, donde encuentran un clima más afín, su red de instituciones es amplia. “Hay clínicas, clubes, una Liga Chileno-Alemana, compañías de bomberos y un periódico semanal en alemán llamado Cóndor. Chile es el lugar en el que se concentra el mayor número de colegios alemanes, 24, lo que es mucho para un país tan chico de sólo 16 millones de habitantes”, relata Berndt. / (Translation) Today, the profile of the Germans living here is different and now they no longer have the numerical weight they once reached. In the 1940s and 1950s they were the second-largest foreign group in Chile, accounting for 13% (13,000 Germans). According to the last census in 2002, however, they are in eighth place: they are only 5,500 people, equivalent to 3% of outsiders. However, the colony of families of German origin is active and numerous. According to Karla Berndt, communications manager for the German-Chilean Chamber of Commerce (Camchal), descendants totaled 500,000. Concentrated in the south and center of the country, where they find a more congenial climate, its network of institutions is wide. "There are clinics, clubs, a Chilean-German League, fire companies and a German weekly newspaper called ''Condor''. Chile is the place with the largest concentration of German schools, 24 which is a lot for such a small country of only 16&nbsp;million people", says Berndt.}}</ref>
===Ethnic groups===
:], in various degrees of admixture marked by a sociogenetic gradient (]), over 90%;
:Officially recognised ] population as cited by and according to the current parameters of the , 4.6%;
:] and others constitute the remainder.


Other historically significant immigrant groups included ], whose descendants today are estimated at 380,000 persons, or 2.4% of the Chilean population.<ref>{{in lang|es}} </ref><ref> {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110917024605/http://www.matis.hr/vijesti.php?id=2265 |date= September 17, 2011 }}</ref> Some authors claim that close to 4.6% of the Chilean population must have some ].<ref name="hrvatski">{{cite web|url= http://www.hrvatski.cl/html/croatas.htm |title= Hrvatski Dom - Inmigrantes Croatas |publisher= hrvatski.cl |access-date= November 19, 2015 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195315/http://www.hrvatski.cl/html/croatas.htm |archive-date= March 3, 2016 |df= mdy }}</ref> Over 700,000 Chileans (4.5% of the Chilean population) may have British (English, Scottish or Welsh) and Irish forebears.<ref name=british>{{cite web |url= http://www.biografiadechile.cl/detalle.php?IdContenido=1673&IdCategoria=91&IdArea=488&TituloPagina=Historia%20de%20Chile |title= Historia de Chile, Británicos y Anglosajones en Chile durante el siglo XIX |access-date= April 26, 2009 |archive-date= November 12, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201112003642/http://www.biografiadechile.cl/detalle.php?IdContenido=1673 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Chileans of ] descent are estimated to number between 90,000 and 120,000;<ref>{{in lang |es}} {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151016224632/http://viajerosgriegos.ar.vg/ |date= October 16, 2015 }}</ref> most live in or near either ] or ], and Chile is one of the five countries in the world most populated with descendants of Greeks.<ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151016224632/http://viajerosgriegos.ar.vg/ |date= October 16, 2015 }}</ref> The descendants of Swiss immigrants add 90,000,<ref name="schweizergruppe">{{cite web |url= http://schweizergruppe.sv.tc/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090903012338/http://schweizergruppe.sv.tc/ |archive-date= September 3, 2009 |url-status= dead |title= 90,000 descendants of Swiss in Chile. |access-date= November 19, 2015 |df= mdy-all }}</ref> and estimates suggest that about 5% of the Chilean population has some French ancestry.<ref>{{in lang |es}} {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080412230551/http://www.karnobooks.com/cgi-bin/karno/5814.html |date= April 12, 2008 }}</ref> 600,000 Chileans descend from ] immigrants. Other groups of ] exist but are found in smaller numbers, such as the descendants of Austrians<ref name="dbnl">{{cite web|url= http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/jong038duit01_01/jong038duit01_01_0018.php |title= L. de Jong, De Duitse Vijfde Colonne in de Tweede Wereldoorlog &middot; dbnl &#124; Hoofdstuk XVI Historisch tussenspel |publisher= dbnl.org|access-date= November 19, 2015}}</ref>{{request quotation|date=January 2021}} and Dutchmen (estimated at about 50,000).<ref> {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130818221629/http://www.cstandt.com/content/dutch-immigration |date= August 18, 2013 }}</ref><ref name="tripod">
===Religions===
{{cite web
:Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish NEGL%
|url= http://members.tripod.com/jans_chile.cl/holandeses3.htm |title= A principios del siglo XX &#124; Holando-bóers al sur de Chile. |publisher= members.tripod.com|access-date= November 19, 2015
}}
</ref>


=== Latin American immigrants ===
===Languages===
{{See also|Immigration to Chile}}
:Spanish


Since the reestablishment of democracy in Chile, the former tendency for emigrants from the country to outnumber immigrants to it has reversed. Chile now is one of the two countries in ] with a positive migration rate.<ref name="un2">{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/2006_MigrationRep/Profiles_country.pdf |title= United Nations Population Division |publisher=un.org|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref> Since 1990, with the opening of Chile to the world, through a free market system, and the consequent socioeconomic development of the country, has been noted the attraction of a significant number of immigrants from various Latin American countries, which represented in Census 2017, approximately 1,200,000 people, corresponding to 7% of the population residing in the Chilean territory, without counting their descendants born in Chile, due to the effects of the ].<ref name="Formas de nacionalidad en Chile">]: . ''Artículo 10, inciso primero'' de la ]. Review: 2019-27-5.</ref> Their main origins, corresponds to: 288,233 Venezuelans, 223,923 Peruvians, 179,338 Haitians, 146,582 Colombians, 107,346 Bolivians, 74,713 Argentines, 36,994 Ecuadorians, 18,185 Brazilians, 17,959 Dominicans, 15,837 Cubans and 8,975 Mexicans.<ref name="Censo, 2017">, INE Chile. Review: 2019-14-2.</ref>
===Literacy===
:Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
:Total population: 96.2%
:Male: 96.4%
:Female: 96.1% (2003 est.)


This has prompted a change in the physiognomy of certain communes in the country where its number is concentrated. In communes such as ] and ], 1/3 of residents is a Latin American immigrant (28% and 31% of the population of these communes, respectively).<ref name="Canal 13, 5 de mayo de 2018">]: . Published: 2018-5-5.</ref> Other communes of Greater Santiago with high numbers of immigrants are ] (17%) and ] (16%).<ref name="24 horas, 5 de mayo de 2018">. ''24 Horas Chile''. Published 2018-5-5.</ref> In the northern regions such as Antofagasta region, 17.3% of the population is a Latin American foreigner, with communes such as ] (31%), ] (16%), ] (16%) and ] (11%), with high percentages of Latin American immigrants, mainly Bolivians, Colombians and Peruvians.<ref name="Soy Antofagasta, 5 de mayo de 2018">. ''Soy Antofagasta''. Published: 2018-5-5.</ref>
==References==
* {{CIA WFB 2006}}


===Indigenous communities===
{{Main|Indigenous peoples in Chile}}
] girl from ] in southern Chile]]
The 1907 census reported 101,118 Indians, or 3.1% of the total country population. Only those that practiced their native culture or spoke their native language were considered, irrespective of their "racial purity."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.memoriachilena.cl//temas/documento_detalle.asp?id=MC0007943 |title=1907 census |publisher=Memoriachilena.cl |access-date=May 16, 2010}}</ref>


According to the 2002 census, only indigenous people that still practiced a native culture or spoke a native language were surveyed, and 4.6% of the population (692,192 people) fit that description. Of that 4.6%, 87.3% declared themselves Mapuche.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ine.cl/cd2002/sintesiscensal.pdf|title=Censo 2002 – Síntesis de Resultados|work=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas}}</ref> Most of the indigenous population show varying degrees of mixed ancestry.<ref name="medwave">{{cite web|url=http://www.medwave.cl/ciencia/11.act |title=El gradiente sociogenético chileno y sus implicaciones ético-sociales |publisher=Medwave.cl |date=June 15, 2000 |access-date=May 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818181825/http://www.medwave.cl/ciencia/11.act |archive-date=August 18, 2013 |df=mdy}}</ref>
{{South_America_in_topic|Demographics of}}

Chile is one of the twenty-two countries to have signed and ratified the only binding international law concerning indigenous peoples, ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C169 |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091225170052/http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C169 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 25, 2009 |title=ILOLEX: submits English query |publisher=Ilo.org |date=January 9, 2004 |access-date=May 16, 2010 }}</ref> It was adopted in 1989 as the ] (ILO) Convention 169. Chile ratified the convention in 2008. In November 2009, a court decision in Chile, considered to be a landmark ruling in indigenous rights concerns, made use of the ILO convention 169. The Supreme Court decision on Aymara water rights upholds rulings by both the Pozo Almonte tribunal and the Iquique Court of Appeals, and marks the first judicial application of ILO Convention 169 in Chile.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.santiagotimes.cl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17739:chiles-supreme-court-upholds-indigenous-water-use-rights&catid=19:other&Itemid=142 |title=Chile's Supreme Court Upholds Indigenous Water Use Rights |publisher=The Santiago Times |date=November 30, 2009 |access-date=March 2, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303200719/http://www.santiagotimes.cl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17739:chiles-supreme-court-upholds-indigenous-water-use-rights&catid=19:other&Itemid=142 |archive-date=March 3, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Those belonging to recognised indigenous communities (2002)
|-
! Community !! Population !! Percentage
|-
|]
|align="right"|2,622
|{{percentage bar|0.02}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|604,349
|{{percentage bar|4.00}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|21,015
|{{percentage bar|0.14}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|6,175
|{{percentage bar|0.04}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|48,501
|{{percentage bar|0.32}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|4,647
|{{percentage bar|0.03}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|3,198
|{{percentage bar|0.02}}
|-
|]
|align="right"|1,685
|{{percentage bar|0.01}}
|}

=== Other ethnic groups ===
It is estimated that about 5% of the population (800,000) is descendant of Asian immigrants, chiefly from the Middle East (i.e. ], ] and ], ''see'' ]).<ref>{{in lang|es}} </ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318054736/http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Titulares/24782/ |date=March 18, 2012 }}</ref> Most of these are Christians from the ],<ref name="blog-v">{{cite web|url=http://www.blog-v.com/arabesenchile/ |title= Arab. |publisher=blog-v.com|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref> of whom roughly 500,000 are ], mostly Christians, are believed to reside in Chile.<ref name="adnkronos">{{cite web |url=http://www.adnkronos.com/AKI/English/CultureAndMedia/?id=1.0.2050534508 |title=Chile: Palestinian refugees arrive to warm welcome - Adnkronos Culture And Media |publisher=adnkronos.com |access-date=November 19, 2015 |archive-date=November 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124194143/http://www1.adnkronos.com/AKI/English/CultureAndMedia/?id=1.0.2050534508 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513104200/http://laventana.casa.cult.cu/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=514 |date=May 13, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{dead link|date=December 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516225654/http://palestinethinktank.com/2008/05/05/exiling-palestinians-to-chile/ |date=May 16, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{in lang|es}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519121616/http://www.soitu.es/soitu/2009/10/16/info/1255724848_222341.html |date=May 19, 2019 }}</ref><ref name="delacole">{{cite web|url=http://www.delacole.com/cgi-perl/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=comunidades&numero=510&nota=510-1 |title=En detrimento de Israel - Acercamiento arabe a America Latina por Natalio Steiner, co-director de Comunidades &#124; En detrimento de Israel Acercamiento arabe a America Latina |publisher=delacole.com|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref> Additionally, about 18,000–25,000 Jews reside in Chile.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |author=Congreso Judío Latinoamericano |title=Comunidades judías: Chile |language=es |access-date=24 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221215305/http://www.congresojudio.org.ar/comunidades_detalle.php?id=5 |archive-date=December 21, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In recent years, Chile has had a growing East Asian population, mainly from China (see ]), but also from Japan (see ]) and South Korea (see ]). The earliest wave of East Asian immigration took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly Chinese and Japanese contract laborers.

Chile administers ] a territory 4,100&nbsp;km west of the mainland. The ] people are native to the island and are ] in origin. About 3,500 live on the island,<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307050157/http://www.ine.cl/canales/chile_estadistico/demografia_y_vitales/proyecciones/MenPrincOK.xls |date=March 7, 2012 }}(INE).</ref> but around 10,000 came to the mainland in the 20th century.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}

There is a sizable population of ] in Chile. They are widely and easily recognized, and continue to hold on to their traditions and language, and many continue to live semi-nomadic lifestyles traveling from city to city and living in small tented ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.errc.org/roma-rights-journal/emerging-romani-voices-from-latin-america|title=Emerging Romani Voices from Latin America|website=European Roma Rights Centre|language=HU|access-date=2019-03-06}}</ref>

==Languages==
{{Main|Languages of Chile}}
{{bar box
|title=Languages background in Chile<ref name="CIATONGA">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/|title= South America :: CHILE|date= February 28, 2023|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Languages
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|]|orange|99.5}}
{{bar percent|]|green|10.2}}
{{bar percent|] (], ], ], ])|red|1}}
{{bar percent|Other|yellow|2.3}}
{{bar percent|Unspecified|purple| 0.2}}
}}

The ] is distinctively accented and quite unlike that of neighbouring South American countries because final syllables and "s" sounds are dropped, and some consonants have a soft pronunciation.<ref name="eth">, Ethnologue, retrieved 2010-10-14</ref><ref>Miguel Ángel Bastenier, , '']'', 19 July 2014, retrieved 20 July 2014. "...el chileno es un producto genuino e inimitable por el resto del universo lingüístico del español."</ref> Accent varies only very slightly from north to south; more noticeable are the small differences in accent based on social class or whether one lives in the city or the country. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions.<ref name="countrystudies">{{cite web|url=http://countrystudies.us/chile/85.htm|title=Development and Breakdown of Democracy, 1830–1973|work=Country Studies|publisher=Library of Congress|date=March 31, 1994}}</ref>

There are several indigenous languages spoken in Chile: ], ], ] and ]. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the ] and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CL|title=Languages of Chile}}</ref>

German is spoken to a great extent in southern Chile,<ref>{{cite web|first=Oliver|last=Zoellner |url=http://www.research-worldwide.de/article-chile2005.html |title=Oliver Zoellner &#124; Generating Samples of Ethnic Minorities in Chile |publisher=Research-worldwide.de |access-date=December 17, 2009}}</ref> either in small countryside pockets or as a second language among the communities of larger cities.

Through initiatives such as the ] program, the government made English mandatory for students in fifth-grade and above in public schools. Most private schools in Chile start teaching English from kindergarten.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/chile/090908/lack-english-proficiency |title=Repeat after me: Hello, my name is |publisher=Globalpost.com |access-date=May 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811114741/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/chile/090908/lack-english-proficiency |archive-date=August 11, 2010 |df=mdy }}</ref> Common English words have been absorbed and appropriated into everyday Spanish speech.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sáez Godoy |first1=Leopoldo |title=Anglicismos en el español de Chile |trans-title=Anglicisms in Chilean Spanish |language=es |journal=Atenea (Concepción) |date=2005 |issue=492 |doi=10.4067/S0718-04622005000200010 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Since 2010, all students from 3rd grade in secondary school have been tested on listening and reading comprehension in English. The evaluation is compulsory and the instrument is TOIEC Bridge, developed by ].

==Religion==
{{Main|Religion in Chile}}
] is the most widely professed '''religion in Chile''', with ] being its largest denomination.{{bar box
|title=Religious background in Chile (2021 est.)<ref name="CIATONGA"/>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|]|orange|42}}
{{bar percent|None|red|37}}
{{bar percent|]|green|14}}
{{bar percent|Other|yellow|6}}
}}
==Vital statistics==

===Official statistics===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!<ref name="deis">{{cite web|url=https://deis.minsal.cl/|title=DEIS|publisher=deis.cl|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref>
! width="80pt"|Average population
! width="80pt"|Live births <ref>{{cite web |title=Series y gráficos de natalidad - 1950-2012 |url=http://www.deis.cl/series-y-graficos-de-natalidad/ |website=DEIS - Ministerio de Salud |access-date=5 June 2019 |archive-date=June 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190605165924/http://www.deis.cl/series-y-graficos-de-natalidad/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
! width="80pt"|Deaths
! width="80pt"|Natural change
! width="80pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Crude migration change (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Total fertility rate
|-
| 1950
| align="right" | 6,081,000
| align="right" | 206,582
| align="right" | 91,180
| align="right" | 115,402
| align="right" | 34.0
| style="color: red"| 15.0
| align="right" | 19.0
|
| align="right" |
|-
| 1951
| align="right" | 6,218,000
| align="right" | 209,794
| align="right" | 92,728
| align="right" | 117,066
| align="right" | 33.7
| align="right" | 14.9
| align="right" | 18.8
| 3.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1952
| align="right" | 6,354,000
| align="right" | 225,758
| align="right" | 81,966
| align="right" | 143,792
| align="right" | 35.5
| align="right" | 12.9
| align="right" | 22.6
| -1.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1953
| align="right" | 6,491,000
| align="right" | 222,956
| align="right" | 80,068
| align="right" | 142,888
| align="right" | 34.3
| align="right" | 12.4
| align="right" | 21.9
| -0.9
| align="right" |
|-
| 1954
| align="right" | 6,627,000
| align="right" | 220,968
| align="right" | 84,519
| align="right" | 136,449
| align="right" | 33.3
| align="right" | 12.8
| align="right" | 20.5
| -0.1
| align="right" |
|-
| 1955
| align="right" | 6,764,000
| align="right" | 237,213
| align="right" | 87,843
| align="right" | 149,370
| align="right" | 35.1
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | 22.1
| -1.9
| align="right" |
|-
| 1956
| align="right" | 6,940,000
| align="right" | 249,756
| align="right" | 84,199
| align="right" | 165,557
| align="right" | 36.0
| align="right" | 12.1
| align="right" | 23.9
| 1.5
| align="right" |
|-
| 1957
| align="right" | 7,116,000
| align="right" | 262,746
| align="right" | 91,506
| align="right" | 171,240
| align="right" | 36.9
| align="right" | 12.9
| align="right" | 24.0
| 0.7
| align="right" |
|-
| 1958
| align="right" | 7,291,000
| align="right" | 263,418
| align="right" | 88,930
| align="right" | 174,488
| align="right" | 36.1
| align="right" | 12.2
| align="right" | 23.9
| 0.1
| align="right" |
|-
| 1959
| align="right" | 7,467,000
| align="right" | 267,657
| align="right" | 94,491
| align="right" | 173,166
| align="right" | 35.8
| align="right" | 12.7
| align="right" | 23.1
| 0.4
| align="right" |
|-
| 1960
| align="right" | 7,643,000
| align="right" | 282,681
| align="right" | 95,486
| align="right" | 187,195
| align="right" | 37.0
| align="right" | 12.5
| align="right" | 24.5
| -1.5
| align="right" |
|-
| 1961
| align="right" | 7,843,000
| align="right" | 290,412
| align="right" | 91,348
| align="right" | 199,064
| align="right" | 37.0
| align="right" | 11.6
| align="right" | 25.4
| 0.1
| align="right" |
|-
| 1962
| align="right" | 8,044,000
| align="right" | 304,930
| align="right" | 94,874
| align="right" | 210,056
| style="color:blue"| 37.9
| align="right" | 11.8
| style="color:blue"| 26.1
| -1.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1963
| align="right" | 8,245,000
| style="color:blue;"|309,908
| align="right" | 98,293
| align="right" | 211,615
| align="right" | 37.6
| align="right" | 11.9
| align="right" | 25.7
| -1.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1964
| align="right" | 8,445,000
| align="right" | 306,050
| align="right" | 94,058
| align="right" | 211,992
| align="right" | 36.2
| align="right" | 11.1
| align="right" | 25.1
| -1.5
| align="right" |
|-
| 1965
| align="right" | 8,646,000
| align="right" | 308,014
| align="right" | 91,648
| align="right" | 216,366
| align="right" | 35.6
| align="right" | 10.6
| align="right" | 25.0
| -1.8
| align="right" |
|-
| 1966
| align="right" | 8,831,000
| align="right" | 295,761
| align="right" | 95,450
| align="right" | 200,311
| align="right" | 33.5
| align="right" | 10.8
| align="right" | 22.7
| -1.8
| align="right" |
|-
| 1967
| align="right" | 9,015,000
| align="right" | 277,009
| align="right" | 86,840
| align="right" | 190,169
| align="right" | 30.7
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 21.1
| -0.7
|
|-
| 1970
| align="right" | 9,569,000
| align="right" | 261,609
| align="right" | 83,014
| align="right" | 178,595
| align="right" | 27.3
| align="right" | 8.7
| align="right" | 18.6
| 0.6
| align="right" |
|-
| 1971
| align="right" | 9,738,000
| align="right" | 273,518
| align="right" | 83,456
| align="right" | 190,062
| align="right" | 28.1
| align="right" | 8.6
| align="right" | 19.5
| -2.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1972
| align="right" | 9,907,000
| align="right" | 277,891
| align="right" | 87,429
| align="right" | 190,462
| align="right" | 28.0
| align="right" | 8.8
| align="right" | 19.2
| -2.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1973
| align="right" | 10,076,000
| align="right" | 276,650
| align="right" | 80,994
| align="right" | 195,656
| align="right" | 27.5
| align="right" | 8.0
| align="right" | 19.5
| -2.7
| align="right" |
|-
| 1974
| align="right" | 10,244,000
| align="right" | 267,977
| align="right" | 78,493
| align="right" | 189,484
| align="right" | 26.2
| align="right" | 7.7
| align="right" | 18.5
| -2.1
| align="right" |
|-
| 1975
| align="right" | 10,413,000
| align="right" | 256,543
| align="right" | 74,481
| align="right" | 182,062
| align="right" | 24.6
| align="right" | 7.2
| align="right" | 17.4
| -1.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1976
| align="right" | 10,565,000
| align="right" | 247,722
| align="right" | 80,537
| align="right" | 167,185
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 7.6
| align="right" | 15.8
| -1.5
| align="right" |
|-
| 1977
| align="right" | 10,717,000
| align="right" | 240,463
| align="right" | 73,446
| align="right" | 167,017
| align="right" | 22.4
| align="right" | 6.8
| align="right" | 15.6
| -1.4
| align="right" |
|-
| 1978
| align="right" | 10,869,000
| align="right" | 236,780
| align="right" | 72,436
| align="right" | 164,344
| align="right" | 21.8
| align="right" | 6.7
| align="right" | 15.1
| -1.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1979
| align="right" | 11,021,000
| align="right" | 241,077
| align="right" | 74,528
| align="right" | 166,549
| align="right" | 21.9
| align="right" | 6.8
| align="right" | 15.1
| -1.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1980
| align="right" | 11,174,000
| align="right" | 247,013
| align="right" | 74,109
| align="right" | 172,904
| align="right" | 22.1
| align="right" | 6.6
| align="right" | 15.5
| -1.8
| align="right" |
|-
| 1981
| align="right" | 11,359,000
| align="right" | 264,809
| align="right" | 69,971
| align="right" | 194,838
| align="right" | 23.3
| align="right" | 6.2
| align="right" | 17.1
| -0.9
| align="right" |
|-
| 1982
| align="right" | 11,545,000
| align="right" | 270,003
| style="color:blue;"| 69,887
| align="right" | 200,116
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 6.1
| align="right" | 17.3
| -1.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1983
| align="right" | 11,731,000
| align="right" | 256,539
| align="right" | 74,296
| align="right" | 182,243
| align="right" | 21.9
| align="right" | 6.3
| align="right" | 15.6
| 0.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1984
| align="right" | 11,916,000
| align="right" | 265,016
| align="right" | 74,669
| align="right" | 190,347
| align="right" | 22.2
| align="right" | 6.3
| align="right" | 15.9
| -0.5
| align="right" |
|-
| 1985
| align="right" | 12,047,000
| align="right" | 261,978
| align="right" | 73,534
| align="right" | 188,444
| align="right" | 21.7
| align="right" | 6.1
| align="right" | 15.6
| -4.8
| align="right" |
|-
| 1986
| align="right" | 12,248,000
| align="right" | 272,997
| align="right" | 72,209
| align="right" | 200,788
| align="right" | 22.3
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 16.4
| 0
| align="right" |
|-
| 1987
| align="right" | 12,454,000
| align="right" | 279,762
| align="right" | 70,559
| align="right" | 209,203
| align="right" | 22.5
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 16.8
| -0.3
| align="right" |
|-
| 1988
| align="right" | 12,667,000
| align="right" | 296,581
| align="right" | 74,435
| align="right" | 222,146
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 17.5
| -0.7
| align="right" |
|-
| 1989
| align="right" | 12,883,000
| align="right" | 303,798
| align="right" | 75,453
| align="right" | 228,345
| align="right" | 23.6
| align="right" | 5.9
| align="right" | 17.7
| -1.0
| align="right" |
|-
| 1990
| align="right" | 13,179,000
| align="right" | 307,522
| align="right" | 78,434
| style="color:blue;"| 229,118
| align="right" | 23.3
| align="right" | 6.0
| align="right" | 17.3
| 5.2
| align="right" |
|-
| 1991
| align="right" | 13,422,000
| align="right" | 299,456
| align="right" | 74,862
| align="right" | 224,594
| align="right" | 22.3
| align="right" | 5.6
| align="right" | 16.7
| 1.4
| align="right" |
|-
| 1992
| align="right" | 13,665,000
| align="right" | 293,787
| align="right" | 74,090
| align="right" | 219,697
| align="right" | 21.5
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 16.1
| 1.7
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.54
|-
| 1993
| align="right" | 13,908,000
| align="right" | 290,438
| align="right" | 76,261
| align="right" | 214,177
| align="right" | 20.9
| align="right" | 5.5
| align="right" | 15.4
| 2,1
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.48
|-
| 1994
| align="right" | 14,152,000
| align="right" | 288,175
| align="right" | 75,445
| align="right" | 212,730
| align="right" | 20.4
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 15.1
| 2,2
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.36
|-
| 1995
| align="right" | 14,395,000
| align="right" | 279,928
| align="right" | 78,517
| align="right" | 201,411
| align="right" | 19.4
| align="right" | 5.5
| align="right" | 13.9
| 2.9
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.28
|-
| 1996
| align="right" | 14,596,000
| align="right" | 278,729
| align="right" | 79,123
| align="right" | 199,606
| align="right" | 19.1
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 13.7
| 0.1
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.26
|-
| 1997
| align="right" | 14,796,000
| align="right" | 273,641
| align="right" | 78,472
| align="right" | 195,169
| align="right" | 18.5
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 13.2
| 0.3
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.21
|-
| 1998
| align="right" | 14,997,000
| align="right" | 270,637
| align="right" | 80,257
| align="right" | 190,380
| align="right" | 18.0
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 12.6
| 0.7
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.17
|-
| 1999
| align="right" | 15,197,000
| align="right" | 263,867
| align="right" | 81,984
| align="right" | 181,883
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 12.0
| 1.2
| align="right" style="color: blue"| 2.11
|-
| 2000
| align="right" | 15,398,000
| align="right" | 261,993
| align="right" | 78,814
| align="right" | 183,179
| align="right" | 17.0
| style="color:blue"| 5.1
| align="right" | 11.9
| 1.2
| align="right" | 2.09
|-
| 2001
| align="right" | 15,572,000
| align="right" | 259,069
| align="right" | 81,871
| align="right" | 177,198
| align="right" | 16.6
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 11.3
| -0.2
| align="right" | 2.05
|-
| 2002
| align="right" | 15,746,000
| align="right" | 251,559
| align="right" | 81,080
| align="right" | 170,479
| align="right" | 16.0
| align="right" | 5.1
| align="right" | 10.9
| 0.2
| align="right" | 1.99
|-
| 2003
| align="right" | 15,919,000
| align="right" | 246,827
| align="right" | 83,672
| align="right" | 163,155
| align="right" | 15.5
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 10.2
| 0.6
| align="right" | 1.94
|-
| 2004
| align="right" | 16,093,000
| align="right" | 242,476
| align="right" | 86,138
| align="right" | 156,338
| align="right" | 15.1
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 9.7
| 1.1
| align="right" | 1.90
|-
| 2005
| align="right" | 16,267,000
| align="right" | 242,980
| align="right" | 86,102
| align="right" | 156,878
| align="right" | 14.9
| align="right" | 5.3
| align="right" | 9.6
| 1.1
| align="right" | 1.89
|-
| 2006
| align="right" | 16,433,000
| align="right" | 243,561
| align="right" | 85,639
| align="right" | 157,922
| align="right" | 14.8
| align="right" | 5.2
| align="right" | 9.6
| 0.5
| align="right" | 1.88
|-
| 2007
| align="right" | 16,598,000
| align="right" | 242,054
| align="right" | 93,000
| align="right" | 149,054
| align="right" | 14.6
| align="right" | 5.6
| align="right" | 9.0
| 1.0
| align="right" | 1.94
|-
| 2008
| align="right" | 16,763,000
| align="right" | 248,366
| align="right" | 90,168
| align="right" | 158,198
| align="right" | 14.8
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 9.4
| 0.4
| align="right" | 1.97
|-
| 2009
| align="right" | 16,929,000
| align="right" | 253,584
| align="right" | 91,965
| align="right" | 161,619
| align="right" | 15.0
| align="right" | 5.4
| align="right" | 9.6
| 0.3
| align="right" | 2.00
|-
| 2010
| align="right" | 17,094,000
| align="right" | 251,199
| align="right" | 97,930
| align="right" | 153,269
| align="right" | 14.7
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 9.0
| 0.7
| align="right" | 1.97
|-
| 2011
| align="right" | 17,248,000<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 247,358
| align="right" | 94,985
| align="right" | 152,373
| align="right" | 14.4
| align="right" | 5.5
| align="right" | 8.9
| 0.1
| align="right" | 1.94
|-
| 2012
| align="right" | 17,445,000
| align="right" | 243,635
| align="right" | 98,711
| align="right" | 144,924
| align="right" | 14.0
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 8.3
| 3.0
| align="right" | 1.90
|-
| 2013
| align="right" | 17,612,000
| align="right" | 242,862
| align="right" | 99,770
| align="right" | 143,092
| align="right" | 13.8
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 8.1
| 1.4
| align="right" | 1.85
|-
| 2014
| align="right" | 17,787,000
| align="right" | 252,194
| align="right" | 101,960
| align="right" | 150,234
| align="right" | 14.2
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 8.5
| 1.4
| align="right" | 1.91
|-
| 2015
| align="right" | 17,971,000
| align="right" | 245,406
| align="right" | 103,327
| align="right" | 142,079
| align="right" | 13.6
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 7.9
| 2.4
| align="right" | 1.86
|-
| 2016
| align="right" | 18,167,000
| align="right" | 232,616
| align="right" | 104,026
| align="right" | 128,590
| align="right" | 12.8
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 7.1
| 3.8
| align="right" | 1.75
|-
| 2017
| align="right" | 18,419,192
| align="right" | 219,494
| align="right" | 106,388
| align="right" | 113,106
| align="right" | 11.9
| align="right" | 5.8
| align="right" | 6.1
| 7.7
| align="right" | 1.65
|-
| 2018
| align="right" | 18,751,405
| align="right" | 221,724
| align="right" | 106,786
| align="right" | 114,938
| align="right" | 11.8
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 6.1
| 11.8
| align="right" | 1.62
|-
| 2019
| align="right" | 19,107,216
| align="right" | 210,188
| align="right" | 109,658
| align="right" | 100,530
| align="right" | 11.0
| align="right" | 5.7
| align="right" | 5.3
| 13.5
| align="right" | 1.50
|-
| 2020
| align="right" | 19,458,310
| align="right" | 194,978
| align="right" | 126,169
| align="right" | 68,809
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 6.5
| align="right" | 3.5
| 14.8
| align="right" | 1.30
|-
| 2021
| align="right" | 19,678,363
| 177,273
| style="color: red" | 137,629
| style="color: red" | 39,644
| 9.0
| 6.9
| style="color: red" |2.1
| 9.3
| style="color: red" |1.17
|-
| 2022
| 19,828,563
| 189,310
| 136,958
| 52,352
| 9.6
| 6.8
| 2.8
| 5.0
| 1.32
|-
| 2023
| style="color: blue" | 19,960,889
| style="color: red" | 173,920
| 121,270
| 52.650
| style="color: red" | 8.7
| 6.0
| 2.7
| 4.1
| 1.2(e)
|}
<small><sup>1</sup>This estimate and those of previous years were made before the 2012 census results were known.</small>

(p) = preliminary figures.| 2020<sup>1</sup>

===Current vital statistics===
The Ine publishes monthly the vital statistics report.<ref>{{cite web |title=Enero de 2024: número de nacimientos, matrimonios y muertes bajan interanualmente |url=https://www.ine.gob.cl/sala-de-prensa/prensa/general/noticia/2024/03/27/enero-de-2024-n%C3%BAmero-de-nacimientos-matrimonios-y-muertes-bajan-interanualmente |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |access-date=1 April 2024}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January - September 2023'''
| 133,498
| 91,968
| +41,530
|-
| '''January - September 2024'''
| 103,674
| 91,783
| +11,891
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{decrease}} -29,824 (-22.3%)
| {{decreasepositive}} -185 (-0.2%)
| {{decrease}} -29,639
|}

===United Nations estimates===

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.
<ref name="WPP 2015"/>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
! rowspan=2|Period
! rowspan=2|Live births<br />per year
! rowspan=2|Deaths<br />per year
! rowspan=2|Natural change<br />per year
! rowspan=2|CBR*
! rowspan=2|CDR*
! rowspan=2|NC*
! rowspan=2|TFR*
! rowspan=2|IMR*
! colspan=3|Life expectancy
|-
! total
! males
! females
|-
| 1950–1955 || 244,000|| 94,000|| 150,000||37.5||14.5||23.0||5.15||120||54.9||52.9||56.8
|-
| 1955–1960 || 268,000|| 95,000|| 173,000||36.8||13.1||23.7||5.18||118||56.2||53.8||58.7
|-
| 1960–1965 || 285,000|| 95,000|| 190,000||35.0||11.6||23.4||4.96||109||58.1||55.3||61.0
|-
| 1965–1970 || 291,000|| 93,000|| 198,000||32.1||10.2||21.9||4.46||89||60.8||57.7||63.9
|-
| 1970–1975 || 271,000|| 88,000|| 183,000||27.1||8.8||18.3||3.57||69||63.7||60.6||67.0
|-
| 1975–1980 || 257,000|| 84,000|| 173,000||23.8||7.8||16.0||2.93||45||67.4||64.0||70.8
|-
| 1980–1985 || 265,000|| 82,000|| 183,000||22.7||7.1||15.6||2.66||24||70.9||67.4||74.4
|-
| 1985–1990 || 286,000|| 81,000|| 205,000||22.7||6.4||16.3||2.60||18||72.8||69.6||76.0
|-
| 1990–1995 || 278,000|| 80,000|| 198,000||20.4||5.9||14.5||2.38||14||74.5||71.5||77.4
|-
| 1995–2000 || 261,000|| 80,000|| 181,000||17.8||5.5||12.3||2.16||12||75.9||72.8||78.9
|-
| 2000–2005 || 248,000|| 82,000|| 166,000||15.9||5.2||10.7||2.00||8||77.9||74.8||80.9
|-
| 2005–2010 || 240,000|| 85,000|| 155,000||14.5||5.1||9.4||1.88||7||78.6||75.5||81.7
|-
| 2010–2015 || 235,000|| 89,000|| 146,000||13.5||5.1||8.4||1.78||6||79.8||77.0||82.6
|-
| 2015–2020 || 233,000|| 96,000|| 137,000||13.3||5.2||7.5||1.73||5||81.0||78.3||83.6
|-
|align="left" colspan="12" | * <small> CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)</small>
|}

==2012 Census==
{{See also|List of cities in Chile}}

According to the Chilean census held in 2012, the population of Chile was 16,634,603.<ref name=econ>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2013/04/statistics-chile |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501014351/https://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2013/04/statistics-chile |archive-date=2013-05-01 |url-status=dead |title=Statistics in Chile: How many Chileans? &#124; The Economist|newspaper=] |access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref>

The methodology used for the census was questioned by advisors to the National Statistics Institute (INE), however, which led to an investigation and the resignation of its director, Francisco Labbé, in April 2013. At the same time, the Chilean government ruled out doing the census over again.<ref name=econ /><ref name="censo">{{cite web|url=http://www.censo.cl/|title=Censo 2017 - Todos Contamos|author=Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas - canales web 2015|publisher=censo.cl|access-date=November 19, 2015}}</ref>

==Graphs and maps==

<gallery>
File:Chile density.png|Chile. Population density by ], based on 2002 census (2009)
File:Chile-demography.png|Population from 1820, projected up to 2050
File:Cl-cities.png|Agglomerations and cities above 10,000 inhabitants in 2005
File:Life expectancy in Chile.svg|] in Chile since 1900
File:Life expectancy by WBG -Chile -diff.png|Life expectancy in Chile since 1960 by gender
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


{{South_America_in topic|Demographics of}}
]
{{Chile topics}}
]
{{Ethnic groups in Chile}}


] ]
] ]
]

Revision as of 07:46, 25 December 2024

Demographics of Chile
Chile population pyramid in 2020
Population19,493,184
Growth rate0.63% (2023 est.)
Birth rate12.57 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Life expectancy80.02 years
 • male77.04 years
 • female83.13 years (2023 est.)
Fertility rate1.75 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Infant mortality rate6.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Net migration rate0.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years19.34% (male 1,829,801/female 1,758,137)
15–64 years67.56% (male 6,259,566/female 6,273,074)
65 and over13.09% (male 1,024,692/female 1,404,187) (2023 est.)
Sex ratio
Total0.97 male(s)/female (2023)
At birth1.04 male(s)/female
Under 151.04 male(s)/female
15–64 years1 male(s)/female
65 and over0.73 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityChilean
Major ethnic
Minor ethnic
Language
OfficialSpanish (de facto)
SpokenLanguages of Chile

Chile's 2017 census reported a population of 17,574,003 people. Its rate of population growth has been decreasing since 1990, due to a declining birth rate. By 2050 the population is expected to reach approximately 20.2 million people, at which point it is projected to either stagnate or begin declining. About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in Greater Santiago alone. The largest agglomerations according to the 2002 census are Greater Santiago with 5.6 million people, Greater Concepción with 861,000 and Greater Valparaíso with 824,000.

Population

Year Total population
( × 1000) 		Population percentage in age bracket
0–14 15–64 65+
1950 6 143 36.7% 59.0% 4.3%
1955 6 862 38.1% 57.4% 4.5%
1960 7 696 39.4% 55.8% 4.8%
1965 8 612 40.4% 54.5% 5.0%
1970 9 562 39.6% 55.2% 5.2%
1975 10 421 36.9% 57.7% 5.4%
1980 11 234 33.0% 61.4% 5.7%
1985 12 109 30.6% 63.2% 6.2%
1990 13 141 29.3% 64.2% 6.5%
1995 14 194 28.2% 64.8% 7.0%
2000 15 170 26.5% 65.8% 7.7%
2005 16 097 24.0% 67.5% 8.5%
2010 17 015 21.9% 68.5% 9.6%
2015 17 948 20.1% 69.0% 10.9%
2020 19 116 19.2% 68.5% 12.2%
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1835 1,103,036—    
1843 1,083,701−1.8%
1854 1,446,031+33.4%
1865 1,819,223+25.8%
1875 2,075,971+14.1%
1885 2,527,320+21.7%
1895 2,687,985+6.4%
1907 3,249,279+20.9%
1920 3,753,799+15.5%
1930 4,287,445+14.2%
1940 5,023,539+17.2%
1952 5,932,995+18.1%
1960 7,374,115+24.3%
1970 8,884,768+20.5%
1982 11,329,736+27.5%
1992 13,348,401+17.8%
2002 15,116,435+13.2%
2017 17,574,003+16.3%
Source:

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects the total population was 19,493,184 in 2021, compared to only 6,143,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 20.1%, 69.0% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 10.9% was 65 years or older.

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.

Structure of the population

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2013):
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 8 688 067 8 868 748 17 556 815 100
0–4 639 270 615 764 1 255 034 7.15
5–9 633 287 610 458 1 243 745 7.08
10–14 648 484 625 765 1 274 249 7.26
15–19 707 959 684 424 1 392 383 7.93
20–24 749 460 727,530 1 476 990 8.41
25–29 710 354 693 723 1 404 077 8.00
30–34 634 056 624 375 1 258 431 7.17
35–39 598 029 595 813 1 193 842 6.80
40–44 612 898 617 259 1 230 157 7.01
45–49 610 366 621 300 1 231 666 7.02
50–54 574 320 592 349 1 166 669 6.65
55–59 468 437 492 763 961 200 5.47
60–64 359 065 390 681 749 746 4.27
65–69 276 510 317 107 593 617 3.38
70–74 200 585 247 698 448 283 2.55
75–79 133 715 183 899 317 614 1.81
80+ 131 272 227 840 359 112 2.05
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 1 921 041 1 851 987 3 773 028 21.49
15–64 6 024 944 6 040 217 12 065 161 68.72
65+ 742 082 976 544 1 718 626 9.79
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (30.VI.2021) (Post-censal estimates.):
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 9 708 512 9 969 851 19 678 363 100
0–4 600 632 578 263 1 178 895 5.99
5–9 651 336 627 814 1 279 150 6.50
10–14 655 232 632 388 1 287 620 6.54
15–19 631 851 610 954 1 242 805 6.32
20–24 719 079 697 050 1 416 129 7.20
25–29 827 115 802 756 1 629 871 8.28
30–34 842 111 817 367 1 659 478 8.43
35–39 738 934 722 171 1 461 105 7.42
40–44 683 807 678 365 1 362 172 6.92
45–49 644 339 651 942 1 296 281 6.59
50–54 602 079 622 931 1 225 010 6.23
55–59 566 471 601 133 1 167 604 5.93
60–64 483 184 530 360 1 013 544 5.15
65-69 393 552 450 783 844 335 4.29
70-74 278 885 336 455 615 340 3.13
75-79 184 713 246 241 430 954 2.19
80-84 113 029 174 032 287 061 1.46
85-89 59 048 109 156 168 204 0.85
90-94 26 017 57 951 83 968 0.43
95-99 6 154 17 742 23 896 0.12
100+ 944 3 997 4 941 0.03
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 1 907 200 1 838 465 3 745 665 19.03
15–64 6 738 970 6 735 029 13 473 999 68.47
65+ 1 062 342 1 396 357 2 458 699 12.49

Ancestry and ethnic structure

Main article: Chilean people
Ethnic groups background in Chile
Ethnic groups Percent
White   65.0%
Mestizo   30.0%
Indigenous Chileans   5.0%

Chile is a diverse society, home to individuals with varied ethnic backgrounds. Studies on the ethnic makeup of Chile differ significantly from one another.

A public health book from the University of Chile states that 35% of the population are Mestizos with predominantly White admixture, with 60% being of Caucasoid origin and Amerindians comprising the remaining 5%. UNAM professor of Latin American studies, Francisco Lizcano, estimates that 52.7% of the Chilean population can be classified as culturally European, with 39.3% being Mestizo and the remaining 8% belonging to Amerindian cultures. Other social studies put the total number of Whites at over 60%. According to the CIA World Factbook, the entire population consists of a combined 95.4% of "Whites and Mixed-Race people" and 4.6% of Amerindians. These figures are based on a national census held in 2002, which classified the population as indigenous and non-indigenous rather than as White or Mestizo.

The 2011 Latinobarómetro survey asked respondents in Chile to identify their race, with the majority (67%) selecting "white," followed by "mestizo" (25%), and "indigenous" (8%). In a 2002 national poll, the majority of Chileans reported having "some" (43.4%) or "much" (8.3%) indigenous ancestry, while 40.3% claimed to have none.

According to Encyclopedia Britannica as of year 2002 only 22% of Chileans were white and 72% were mestizo.

Population genetics

Genetics studies fluctuate between 57,8% and 67.9% European; between 32.1% and 44.3% Amerindian; and 2.5%—6.3% African ancestry percentages. A genetic study by the University of Chile found that the average Chilean's genetic makeup consists of 64% Caucasian and 35% Amerindian ancestry. In a 2014 study of Chilean soldiers stationed in Arica, researchers found that the average self-identifying white person (37.9%) was genetically only 54% European.

European immigration

See also: Immigration to Chile
Historical groups of immigrants
Ethnicity Total



Spanish 16,200,000
Basque 4,700,000
Mapuche 1,500,000
Germans 1,000,000
French 900,000
Italian 800,000
Arabs 800,000
Croatian 800,000
English 680,000
Scottish 350,000
Irish 120,000
Italian (Emilian) immigrants to Capitán Pastene in southern Chile.

Chile – located far from Europe and difficult to reach – was never an attractive place for migrants from Europe, a situation recognized in the census of 1907, the census which recorded the highest percentage of Europeans versus the total population of Chile (2.2%).

The observed increase in 1885 is due in large part to the annexation of three provinces after the Pacific War and the final conquest of the Araucanía. Given that our country receives almost no foreign immigration, this increase is significant, when compared with that of more advanced countries in this regard. The comparative table that follows demonstrates this:

(...)

Except for those lucky countries that have seen in the last half century flocking to its beaches a huge influx of immigrants, a situation that unfortunately is not ours, the rate of increase of the population of Chile, figures honorably between the rate of the most prosperous countries on Earth.

— National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas)

European migration in the 19th century did not result in a remarkable change in the ethnic composition of Chile, except in the region of Magellan and the city of Concepcion in the BIO-BIO Region.

Spain and France was the largest source of European immigration to Chile during the 17th and 18th centuries, specially from the deep southern parts of Andalusia and Extremadura, which contributed to the Chilean ethnogenesis with thousands of peasants who migrated to the fertile lands of the Chilean Central Valley alongside the Basque merchants who started to arrive in the 18th century in great numbers.

The largest contingent of people to have arrived in post-independence Chile came from Spain and from the Basque country, a region divided between northern Spain and southern France. Estimates of the number of Chileans who have one or two surnames of Basque origin range from 10% (1,600,000) to as high as 20% (3,200,000). Note that this phenomenon occurs not only in Chile, but also in every Autonomous Community of Spain, as well as in other Latin American countries – one can see that a substantial portion of their populations have one or two surnames of Basque or Navarre origin, tending to be more common in the upper classes, and hence becoming more unusual in lower classes.

Chile's various waves of non-Spanish immigrants include Italians, Irish, French, Greeks, Germans, English, Scots, Croats, and Poles.

In 1848 an important and substantial German immigration took place, laying the foundation for the German-Chilean community. Sponsored by the Chilean government for the colonization of the southern region, the Germans (including German-speaking Swiss, Silesians, Alsatians and Austrians), strongly influenced the cultural and racial composition of the southern provinces of Chile. It is difficult to count the number of descendants of Germans in Chile, given the great amount of time since 1848. Because many areas of southern Chile were sparsely populated, the traces of German immigration there are quite noticeable. An independent estimate calculates that about 500,000 Chileans could descend from German immigrants.

Other historically significant immigrant groups included Croats, whose descendants today are estimated at 380,000 persons, or 2.4% of the Chilean population. Some authors claim that close to 4.6% of the Chilean population must have some Croatian ancestry. Over 700,000 Chileans (4.5% of the Chilean population) may have British (English, Scottish or Welsh) and Irish forebears. Chileans of Greek descent are estimated to number between 90,000 and 120,000; most live in or near either Santiago or Antofagasta, and Chile is one of the five countries in the world most populated with descendants of Greeks. The descendants of Swiss immigrants add 90,000, and estimates suggest that about 5% of the Chilean population has some French ancestry. 600,000 Chileans descend from Italian immigrants. Other groups of Europeans exist but are found in smaller numbers, such as the descendants of Austrians and Dutchmen (estimated at about 50,000).

Latin American immigrants

See also: Immigration to Chile

Since the reestablishment of democracy in Chile, the former tendency for emigrants from the country to outnumber immigrants to it has reversed. Chile now is one of the two countries in Latin America with a positive migration rate. Since 1990, with the opening of Chile to the world, through a free market system, and the consequent socioeconomic development of the country, has been noted the attraction of a significant number of immigrants from various Latin American countries, which represented in Census 2017, approximately 1,200,000 people, corresponding to 7% of the population residing in the Chilean territory, without counting their descendants born in Chile, due to the effects of the ius soli. Their main origins, corresponds to: 288,233 Venezuelans, 223,923 Peruvians, 179,338 Haitians, 146,582 Colombians, 107,346 Bolivians, 74,713 Argentines, 36,994 Ecuadorians, 18,185 Brazilians, 17,959 Dominicans, 15,837 Cubans and 8,975 Mexicans.

This has prompted a change in the physiognomy of certain communes in the country where its number is concentrated. In communes such as Santiago Centro and Independencia, 1/3 of residents is a Latin American immigrant (28% and 31% of the population of these communes, respectively). Other communes of Greater Santiago with high numbers of immigrants are Estación Central (17%) and Recoleta (16%). In the northern regions such as Antofagasta region, 17.3% of the population is a Latin American foreigner, with communes such as Ollagüe (31%), Mejillones (16%), Sierra Gorda (16%) and Antofagasta (11%), with high percentages of Latin American immigrants, mainly Bolivians, Colombians and Peruvians.

Indigenous communities

Main article: Indigenous peoples in Chile
1902 photograph of a Mapuche girl from Concepción in southern Chile

The 1907 census reported 101,118 Indians, or 3.1% of the total country population. Only those that practiced their native culture or spoke their native language were considered, irrespective of their "racial purity."

According to the 2002 census, only indigenous people that still practiced a native culture or spoke a native language were surveyed, and 4.6% of the population (692,192 people) fit that description. Of that 4.6%, 87.3% declared themselves Mapuche. Most of the indigenous population show varying degrees of mixed ancestry.

Chile is one of the twenty-two countries to have signed and ratified the only binding international law concerning indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989. It was adopted in 1989 as the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 169. Chile ratified the convention in 2008. In November 2009, a court decision in Chile, considered to be a landmark ruling in indigenous rights concerns, made use of the ILO convention 169. The Supreme Court decision on Aymara water rights upholds rulings by both the Pozo Almonte tribunal and the Iquique Court of Appeals, and marks the first judicial application of ILO Convention 169 in Chile.

Those belonging to recognised indigenous communities (2002)
Community Population Percentage
Alacaluf 2,622 0.02%
Mapuche 604,349 4.00%
Atacameño 21,015 0.14%
Quechua 6,175 0.04%
Aymara 48,501 0.32%
Rapanui 4,647 0.03%
Colla 3,198 0.02%
Yaghan 1,685 0.01%

Other ethnic groups

It is estimated that about 5% of the population (800,000) is descendant of Asian immigrants, chiefly from the Middle East (i.e. Palestinians, Syrians and Lebanese, see Arab Chileans). Most of these are Christians from the Levant, of whom roughly 500,000 are Palestinian descendants, mostly Christians, are believed to reside in Chile. Additionally, about 18,000–25,000 Jews reside in Chile.

In recent years, Chile has had a growing East Asian population, mainly from China (see Chinese Chilean), but also from Japan (see Japanese Chilean) and South Korea (see Koreans in Chile). The earliest wave of East Asian immigration took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly Chinese and Japanese contract laborers.

Chile administers Easter Island a territory 4,100 km west of the mainland. The Rapa Nui people are native to the island and are Polynesian in origin. About 3,500 live on the island, but around 10,000 came to the mainland in the 20th century.

There is a sizable population of Romani people in Chile. They are widely and easily recognized, and continue to hold on to their traditions and language, and many continue to live semi-nomadic lifestyles traveling from city to city and living in small tented communities

Languages

Main article: Languages of Chile
Languages background in Chile
Languages Percent
Spanish   99.5%
English   10.2%
Indigenous (Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui)   1%
Other   2.3%
Unspecified   0.2%

The Spanish spoken in Chile is distinctively accented and quite unlike that of neighbouring South American countries because final syllables and "s" sounds are dropped, and some consonants have a soft pronunciation. Accent varies only very slightly from north to south; more noticeable are the small differences in accent based on social class or whether one lives in the city or the country. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions.

There are several indigenous languages spoken in Chile: Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara and Rapa Nui. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the lingua franca and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction.

German is spoken to a great extent in southern Chile, either in small countryside pockets or as a second language among the communities of larger cities.

Through initiatives such as the English Opens Doors program, the government made English mandatory for students in fifth-grade and above in public schools. Most private schools in Chile start teaching English from kindergarten. Common English words have been absorbed and appropriated into everyday Spanish speech. Since 2010, all students from 3rd grade in secondary school have been tested on listening and reading comprehension in English. The evaluation is compulsory and the instrument is TOIEC Bridge, developed by Educational Testing Service.

Religion

Main article: Religion in Chile

Christianity is the most widely professed religion in Chile, with Catholicism being its largest denomination.

Religious background in Chile (2021 est.)
Religion Percent
Roman Catholic   42%
None   37%
Evangelical   14%
Other   6%

Vital statistics

Official statistics

Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Crude migration change (per 1000) Total fertility rate
1950 6,081,000 206,582 91,180 115,402 34.0 15.0 19.0
1951 6,218,000 209,794 92,728 117,066 33.7 14.9 18.8 3.3
1952 6,354,000 225,758 81,966 143,792 35.5 12.9 22.6 -1.3
1953 6,491,000 222,956 80,068 142,888 34.3 12.4 21.9 -0.9
1954 6,627,000 220,968 84,519 136,449 33.3 12.8 20.5 -0.1
1955 6,764,000 237,213 87,843 149,370 35.1 13.0 22.1 -1.9
1956 6,940,000 249,756 84,199 165,557 36.0 12.1 23.9 1.5
1957 7,116,000 262,746 91,506 171,240 36.9 12.9 24.0 0.7
1958 7,291,000 263,418 88,930 174,488 36.1 12.2 23.9 0.1
1959 7,467,000 267,657 94,491 173,166 35.8 12.7 23.1 0.4
1960 7,643,000 282,681 95,486 187,195 37.0 12.5 24.5 -1.5
1961 7,843,000 290,412 91,348 199,064 37.0 11.6 25.4 0.1
1962 8,044,000 304,930 94,874 210,056 37.9 11.8 26.1 -1.2
1963 8,245,000 309,908 98,293 211,615 37.6 11.9 25.7 -1.3
1964 8,445,000 306,050 94,058 211,992 36.2 11.1 25.1 -1.5
1965 8,646,000 308,014 91,648 216,366 35.6 10.6 25.0 -1.8
1966 8,831,000 295,761 95,450 200,311 33.5 10.8 22.7 -1.8
1967 9,015,000 277,009 86,840 190,169 30.7 9.6 21.1 -0.7
1970 9,569,000 261,609 83,014 178,595 27.3 8.7 18.6 0.6
1971 9,738,000 273,518 83,456 190,062 28.1 8.6 19.5 -2.2
1972 9,907,000 277,891 87,429 190,462 28.0 8.8 19.2 -2.2
1973 10,076,000 276,650 80,994 195,656 27.5 8.0 19.5 -2.7
1974 10,244,000 267,977 78,493 189,484 26.2 7.7 18.5 -2.1
1975 10,413,000 256,543 74,481 182,062 24.6 7.2 17.4 -1.3
1976 10,565,000 247,722 80,537 167,185 23.4 7.6 15.8 -1.5
1977 10,717,000 240,463 73,446 167,017 22.4 6.8 15.6 -1.4
1978 10,869,000 236,780 72,436 164,344 21.8 6.7 15.1 -1.2
1979 11,021,000 241,077 74,528 166,549 21.9 6.8 15.1 -1.3
1980 11,174,000 247,013 74,109 172,904 22.1 6.6 15.5 -1.8
1981 11,359,000 264,809 69,971 194,838 23.3 6.2 17.1 -0.9
1982 11,545,000 270,003 69,887 200,116 23.4 6.1 17.3 -1.2
1983 11,731,000 256,539 74,296 182,243 21.9 6.3 15.6 0.3
1984 11,916,000 265,016 74,669 190,347 22.2 6.3 15.9 -0.5
1985 12,047,000 261,978 73,534 188,444 21.7 6.1 15.6 -4.8
1986 12,248,000 272,997 72,209 200,788 22.3 5.9 16.4 0
1987 12,454,000 279,762 70,559 209,203 22.5 5.7 16.8 -0.3
1988 12,667,000 296,581 74,435 222,146 23.4 5.9 17.5 -0.7
1989 12,883,000 303,798 75,453 228,345 23.6 5.9 17.7 -1.0
1990 13,179,000 307,522 78,434 229,118 23.3 6.0 17.3 5.2
1991 13,422,000 299,456 74,862 224,594 22.3 5.6 16.7 1.4
1992 13,665,000 293,787 74,090 219,697 21.5 5.4 16.1 1.7 2.54
1993 13,908,000 290,438 76,261 214,177 20.9 5.5 15.4 2,1 2.48
1994 14,152,000 288,175 75,445 212,730 20.4 5.3 15.1 2,2 2.36
1995 14,395,000 279,928 78,517 201,411 19.4 5.5 13.9 2.9 2.28
1996 14,596,000 278,729 79,123 199,606 19.1 5.4 13.7 0.1 2.26
1997 14,796,000 273,641 78,472 195,169 18.5 5.3 13.2 0.3 2.21
1998 14,997,000 270,637 80,257 190,380 18.0 5.4 12.6 0.7 2.17
1999 15,197,000 263,867 81,984 181,883 17.4 5.4 12.0 1.2 2.11
2000 15,398,000 261,993 78,814 183,179 17.0 5.1 11.9 1.2 2.09
2001 15,572,000 259,069 81,871 177,198 16.6 5.3 11.3 -0.2 2.05
2002 15,746,000 251,559 81,080 170,479 16.0 5.1 10.9 0.2 1.99
2003 15,919,000 246,827 83,672 163,155 15.5 5.3 10.2 0.6 1.94
2004 16,093,000 242,476 86,138 156,338 15.1 5.4 9.7 1.1 1.90
2005 16,267,000 242,980 86,102 156,878 14.9 5.3 9.6 1.1 1.89
2006 16,433,000 243,561 85,639 157,922 14.8 5.2 9.6 0.5 1.88
2007 16,598,000 242,054 93,000 149,054 14.6 5.6 9.0 1.0 1.94
2008 16,763,000 248,366 90,168 158,198 14.8 5.4 9.4 0.4 1.97
2009 16,929,000 253,584 91,965 161,619 15.0 5.4 9.6 0.3 2.00
2010 17,094,000 251,199 97,930 153,269 14.7 5.7 9.0 0.7 1.97
2011 17,248,000 247,358 94,985 152,373 14.4 5.5 8.9 0.1 1.94
2012 17,445,000 243,635 98,711 144,924 14.0 5.7 8.3 3.0 1.90
2013 17,612,000 242,862 99,770 143,092 13.8 5.7 8.1 1.4 1.85
2014 17,787,000 252,194 101,960 150,234 14.2 5.7 8.5 1.4 1.91
2015 17,971,000 245,406 103,327 142,079 13.6 5.7 7.9 2.4 1.86
2016 18,167,000 232,616 104,026 128,590 12.8 5.7 7.1 3.8 1.75
2017 18,419,192 219,494 106,388 113,106 11.9 5.8 6.1 7.7 1.65
2018 18,751,405 221,724 106,786 114,938 11.8 5.7 6.1 11.8 1.62
2019 19,107,216 210,188 109,658 100,530 11.0 5.7 5.3 13.5 1.50
2020 19,458,310 194,978 126,169 68,809 10.0 6.5 3.5 14.8 1.30
2021 19,678,363 177,273 137,629 39,644 9.0 6.9 2.1 9.3 1.17
2022 19,828,563 189,310 136,958 52,352 9.6 6.8 2.8 5.0 1.32
2023 19,960,889 173,920 121,270 52.650 8.7 6.0 2.7 4.1 1.2(e)

This estimate and those of previous years were made before the 2012 census results were known.

(p) = preliminary figures.| 2020

Current vital statistics

The Ine publishes monthly the vital statistics report.

Period Live births Deaths Natural increase
January - September 2023 133,498 91,968 +41,530
January - September 2024 103,674 91,783 +11,891
Difference Decrease -29,824 (-22.3%) Positive decrease -185 (-0.2%) Decrease -29,639

United Nations estimates

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

Period Live births
per year 		Deaths
per year 		Natural change
per year 		CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total males females
1950–1955 244,000 94,000 150,000 37.5 14.5 23.0 5.15 120 54.9 52.9 56.8
1955–1960 268,000 95,000 173,000 36.8 13.1 23.7 5.18 118 56.2 53.8 58.7
1960–1965 285,000 95,000 190,000 35.0 11.6 23.4 4.96 109 58.1 55.3 61.0
1965–1970 291,000 93,000 198,000 32.1 10.2 21.9 4.46 89 60.8 57.7 63.9
1970–1975 271,000 88,000 183,000 27.1 8.8 18.3 3.57 69 63.7 60.6 67.0
1975–1980 257,000 84,000 173,000 23.8 7.8 16.0 2.93 45 67.4 64.0 70.8
1980–1985 265,000 82,000 183,000 22.7 7.1 15.6 2.66 24 70.9 67.4 74.4
1985–1990 286,000 81,000 205,000 22.7 6.4 16.3 2.60 18 72.8 69.6 76.0
1990–1995 278,000 80,000 198,000 20.4 5.9 14.5 2.38 14 74.5 71.5 77.4
1995–2000 261,000 80,000 181,000 17.8 5.5 12.3 2.16 12 75.9 72.8 78.9
2000–2005 248,000 82,000 166,000 15.9 5.2 10.7 2.00 8 77.9 74.8 80.9
2005–2010 240,000 85,000 155,000 14.5 5.1 9.4 1.88 7 78.6 75.5 81.7
2010–2015 235,000 89,000 146,000 13.5 5.1 8.4 1.78 6 79.8 77.0 82.6
2015–2020 233,000 96,000 137,000 13.3 5.2 7.5 1.73 5 81.0 78.3 83.6
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

2012 Census

See also: List of cities in Chile

According to the Chilean census held in 2012, the population of Chile was 16,634,603.

The methodology used for the census was questioned by advisors to the National Statistics Institute (INE), however, which led to an investigation and the resignation of its director, Francisco Labbé, in April 2013. At the same time, the Chilean government ruled out doing the census over again.

Graphs and maps

  • Chile. Population density by commune, based on 2002 census (2009) Chile. Population density by commune, based on 2002 census (2009)
  • Population from 1820, projected up to 2050 Population from 1820, projected up to 2050
  • Agglomerations and cities above 10,000 inhabitants in 2005 Agglomerations and cities above 10,000 inhabitants in 2005
  • Life expectancy in Chile since 1900 Life expectancy in Chile since 1900
  • Life expectancy in Chile since 1960 by gender Life expectancy in Chile since 1960 by gender

References

  1. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  2. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  3. ^ "Chile". March 7, 2023.
  4. ^ "Medición de Pueblos Indígenas y Afrodescendientes en el Censo de Población y Vivienda 2017" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. November 2018.
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