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Operation Protective Edge
Part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
2012 map of Gaza utilities and boundaries
Date 8 July 2014 – present (10 years, 5 months, 2 weeks and 3 days) Location Gaza Strip Israel30°40′N 34°50′E / 30.667°N 34.833°E / 30.667; 34.833 Status Ongoing
Belligerents
Israel	Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Resistance Committees Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Abdullah Azzam Brigades
Commanders and leaders
Benjamin Netanyahu Prime Minister Moshe Ya'alon Defense Minister Benny Gantz Chief of General Staff Amir Eshel Air Force Commander Sami Turgeman Southern Commander Yoram Cohen Chief of Shin Bet	Ismail Haniyeh Deputy chief of Hamas Mohammed Deif Head of Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades Ramadan Shalah Leader of PIJ
Units involved
Israel Defense Forces Shin Bet	Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
Strength
Up to 56,000 reservists
Casualties and losses
1 civilian killed 27 wounded (21 civilians)	220 killed (75% civilians - according to Gaza Health Ministry ) 1,560 wounded

Operation Protective Edge (Template:Lang-he-n, Mivtza' Tzuk Eitan, literally "Operation Mighty Cliff") is an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) offensive in the Palestinian Gaza Strip, launched on 8 July 2014. The operation follows a recent escalation between Israel and Hamas.

At least 205 Palestinians have been killed. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs estimated as of 15 July that according to preliminary information nearly 75% of those killed were civilians, of whom 34% were women or children. According to the Gaza Health Ministry, over 1,560 Palestinians have been injured. The Israel Defense Forces estimated that about 90 of the dead were Hamas militants, and says Hamas was using the Gazan population as 'human shields', an allegation denied by Hamas. Human rights groups have argued that targeting the homes of militia members violates international humanitarian law and might constitute war crimes. The Israeli Defense Forces have reported that as of 13 July, more than 1,300 Israeli attacks have occurred, while more than 800 missiles were fired from Gaza into Israel.

By 7 July, 100 rockets were fired from Gaza at Israeli territory, towards Beersheba, Ashdod, Ofakim, Ashkelon, and Netivot, and Israel struck several sites in Gaza. Overnight, Israel hit 50 targets in the Gaza Strip, and by 8 July, Palestinian militants in Gaza had fired over 140 rockets within 24 hours into Israel, as far north as Hadera, beyond Tel Aviv. Israel's counter-rocket defense system, the Iron Dome, intercepted about 30 of the rockets. Israel also thwarted an infiltration from the sea. Israel commenced the major military response on 8 July.

On 14 July Egypt proposed a cease-fire. According to the proposal, Israel "would end all hostilities in the Gaza Strip from the land, air, and sea and would refrain from launching a ground offensive". The Palestinian factions, in turn, would "cease all hostilities emanating from the Gaza Strip against Israel". The ceasefire would have left the existing embargo in place, to be eased at a later time "once the security situation stabilizes." Netanyahu also suggested that the agreement would be used to completely "disarm" the strip. The Israeli government accepted the proposal, and temporarily stopped hostilities in the morning of 15 July, while Hamas continued firing rockets. Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and the al-Qassam Brigades announced that they had not been consulted by Cairo on the terms of the proposed truce, and protested the use of the media to announce it. The proposal, which some Hamas officials portrayed as an ultimatum presented to Hamas by Israel and Egypt, offered no tangible achievements according to Hamas officials, particularly on easing the border blockade of the coastal strip, which has been enforced by Israel and Egypt for the prior seven years.

On July 16th, Hamas offered its peace conditions to Israel, offering a ten-year peace, in exchange for a number of conditions, including the release of prisoners taken since June, the lifting of the embargo around Gaza, and an end to Israeli interference in the Palestinian Unity government. Israel has not accepted this peace offer.

Operation Protective Edge is the deadliest military operation to have taken place in Gaza since the Gaza War in 2008–2009.

Background

Short-term

The operation follows a chain of events that began with the abduction and murder of three Israeli teenagers in the West Bank in June 2014, for which Israel blamed Hamas. The IDF stated that the two men Israel suspects of having kidnapped the teenagers were known members of Hamas. No evidence of Hamas involvement has been offered by the Israeli authorities and Hamas has denied any involvement or knowledge about the incident. Israeli forces killed ten Palestinians in clashes, including two under 18 and arrested several hundred more in the West Bank in the subsequent widespread search for the missing teenagers and suppression of Hamas cells and infrastructure dubbed Operation Brother's Keeper. During the search for the three missing Israeli teenagers, the IDF arrested many of the people who had been released during the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange. Hamas, which had been credited by Israel as reining in militant rocket fire from the Gaza Strip since a ceasefire agreement in November 2012, at the conclusion of Operation Pillar of Defense, took direct responsibility for a barrage of rockets fired into Israel on 8 July 2014 and insisted on the release of those rearrested as a condition of a ceasefire.

Hours after the funeral of the three murdered Israelis, a 16-year-old Palestinian teenager named Mohammed Abu Khdeir of Beit Hanina was kidnapped and burned alive in a retaliatory attack by Jewish extremists. Six Jewish suspects in the murder have been arrested by the Israeli police. The discovery of Khdeir's body led to protests and rioting in East Jerusalem which spread to Arab villages across the country, and an official apology and condolence from Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu. At the same time, exchanges of Gaza-based rocket fire into Israel and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza Strip flared. A potential truce, brokered by Egypt, whereby Hamas agreed to desist from firing rockets in exchange for an Israeli undertaking to stop air raids on Gaza, was reported to be in the works on 4 July. Hamas revealed the truce agreed on would be announced within hours. An Israeli spokesman said the 'ball was in Hamas's court'.

Long-term

Brigadier General Moti Almoz, the chief spokesman of the Israeli military, said: “We have been instructed by the political echelon to hit Hamas hard,” which is a clue showing how politics triggered an unintended war in Gaza. On 23 April 2014, Hamas agreed to a reconciliation deal with the other main Palestinian faction, Fatah following seven years of division. The Palestinian unity government was sworn in by 2 June 2014 and Israel announced it would not negotiate any peace deal with the new government and would push punitive measures. Declaring this unity will “strengthen terrorism” a day before the agreement, Benjamin Netanyahu said: “The international community must not embrace it.” The agreement was likely to have a significant impact on the current round of peace talks between Mahmoud Abbas’ Palestinian Authority and Israel, and shortly after the announcement of the agreement, Israel launched an airstrike in the northern Gaza Strip that injured four people, according to medical officials. Netanyahu had warned before the deal it would be incompatible with Israeli-Palestinian peace and that Abbas has to choose between peace with Hamas and peace with Israel. When a reconciliation deal was signed opening the way to the appointment of the new government, Netanyahu chaired a security cabinet in which they voted to authorise Netanyahu to impose unspecified sanctions against the Palestinian Authority.

Operation timeline

Week 1

8 July

In preparations for a potential escalation in fighting, the IDF called up 1,500 reserves on 7 July. These reserves were positioned around southern Israel and were working on training in case of escalation. The IDF continued calling up additional reserves on 8 July, stating plans to call up 40,000 or more. Due to the consistent rocket fire from Gaza into Israel, the Israeli government closed all summer camps within 40 km (24 miles) of Gaza and universities canceled their final exams. Additionally, all gatherings of 300 or more were banned, and requested all people stay at home or near shelter.

Early morning on 8 July, Israel struck at least 50 targets in Gaza, injuring 17 people. This was followed by Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu instructing the IDF to "take their gloves off" against Hamas and instructed them to take any means necessary to restore peace to Israeli citizens. As the afternoon progressed, the IDF continued their targeted retaliation, including the home of senior Hamas member Abdul Rahman Juda, who was using his home as a control and command center. Additionally, the IDF targeted and killed Muhammad Sa'aban a commander of Hamas's naval commando unit. IDF also targeted the homes of Hamas members Eiad Sakik, Abdullah Hshash, Samer Abu Daka, and Hassan Abdullah. The Palestinians have confirmed that all homes were called by the IDF prior to bombing, asking residents to please leave.

Late afternoon, Hamas announced that all Israels are now legitimate targets. Tel Aviv announced in response they will be opening public bomb shelters, amid rising fear that Hamas will increase its range of missiles from 40 km to 80 km. Later Rishon Letzion announced that they as well were opening their bomb shelters. A few hours later, Jerusalem announced its public bomb shelters were open as well.

Early evening, the Iron Dome Defense system shot down a rocket over Tel Aviv. Shortly afterward, five armed Palestinians attempted to cross into Israel via the beach at Kibbutz Zikim. Gunfire ensued with the IDF, resulting in the death of all five Palestinians. A short while later, a parachute was found abandoned near Yad Mordechai and a Gaza tunnel exploded near Kerem Shalom.

Hamas, in the evening, held a press conference to express their demands to stop their offense on Israel. Hamas demanded that Israel halt what it termed aggression in Jerusalem; the West Bank; and the Gaza Strip, re-release of the prisoners of the Shalit deal, and the commitment to all the terms of the Operation Pillar of Defense cease-fire. For the first time in recent weeks, Hamas openly claimed responsibility for rocket fire. In addition, the Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility for 60 rockets, the Popular Resistance Committees asserted they had fired 17, and the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine claimed responsibility for three.

Late in the evening, a second rocket was shot down over Tel Aviv. Following this air sirens went off in Binyamina and Hamas stated that a rocket was fired at Haifa. This was all followed by several rockets being fired at Jerusalem and two landing just outside of Jerusalem. Just before midnight, a rocket hit Hadera, 28 miles (45 km) north of Tel Aviv, making it the longest range rocket ever shot into Israel. Upon investigation of the shrapnel, Israel believes this was a Syrian made M302 Rocket.

By the end of 8 July, IAF and the Israeli navy had struck 435 targets in Gaza, resulting in the death of at least 23 Palestinians, including two children under five, and over 122 injuries. Also, during the first day 225 rockets were fired from Gaza into Israel and 40 of out of 225 were intercepted. Property damage in Israel totaled approximately 10 million NIS, from 35 vehicles, 52 buildings, 12 agriculture-related damages reported.

9 July

Just after midnight Abbas announced he would convene an emergency meeting of the Palestinian leadership to discuss the escalation, in addition to contacting Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi to attempt to broker a ceasefire.

Early 9 July, the US Embassy in Tel Aviv announced that due to rocket fire over Tel Aviv they would be operating at minimal staff until further notice.

The IDF confirmed that over night it hit 160 targets in Gaza, bringing the total to 435 sites that Israel has struck, while from Gaza 235 rockets have been fired. On the morning of 9 July, the IDF confirmed that two additional rockets were shot down over Tel Aviv.

In an interview given to The Guardian published in the morning, a spokesperson for Medical Aid for Palestinians stated that at least seven children have died as a result of Israeli air strikes so far.

In the afternoon, the Iron Dome shot down a rocket over Zichron Yaakov, 120 km (75 miles) from the Gaza border. This was immediately followed by 2 rockets falling just shy of Haifa, landing in the Mount Carmel region. Hamas has taken credit for these rockets. Hamas also announced that Gaza had been hit 500 times in the past two days. The IDF announced that they had struck 129 targets in Gaza since the morning, made up of 31 tunnels, 60 rocket launching sites, 27 terror sites, and 11 activity sites.

In the early evening, two rockets landed in an open field in Caesarea that Israel believes were fired at Haifa. Additionally, Israel struck a house in Gaza which resulted in the mother and her two children being killed. Palestinians also reported that the Islamic Jihad Communications Commander was killed in IAF strike on his house. Following the recent Israeli attacks on Gaza, the death toll rose to 43, causing Abbas to call the current operation an Israeli genocide. Within the first 36 hours of Operation Protective Edge, Israel surpassed the number of targets they had hit in Gaza than they did in the full eight days of Operation Pillar of Defense

As night fell Hamas sent multiple rockets toward Dimona, to which they admitted they were attempting to hit the nuclear reactors. Israel additionally continued to strike Gaza with the Palestinian death toll rising to 51 along with 450 injuries Over the same period of time Magen David Adom has reported that there have been no Israeli deaths and 68 injuries; 59 from shock and nine while running for shelter.

As the second day came to an end, the IDF announced that it had hit over 550 targets in Gaza over the first two days. Hamas fired approximately 180 rockets into Israel during the second day. The Palestinian death count by the end of the day was 68 along with 550 injured (part of them were civilians)

10 July

Shortly after midnight the UN's Security Council announced that it would hold a special meeting to discuss the current Israel/Palestinian conflict. Several hours later Ban-Ki Moon announced that he would be addressing the Security Council and that he had already spoken with several world leaders.

Throughout the night, Israel continued their targeted attacks on Gaza, hitting several sites, resulting in 14 additional deaths, including some women and children. Israel vowed to intensify the attacks as the operation enters its third day. Eight of those killed were members of the Kaware family. Israel announced that although the family was warned, and they did leave the house, they returned after the warning shot hit the house. They returned home moments after the second rocket was fired and it was too late to reprogram. In total 320 sites in Gaza were hit overnight.

On the morning of 10 July, Gazan rockets were fired at Tel Aviv, Dimona, Mitzpe Ramon, Eshkol, Ashkelon, Netivot and Yeruham, among other locations. Finance Minister Yair Lapid warned that there would be an IDF ground operation if the rocket fire did not stop. During the morning of 10 July, an IDF Spokesman said that since the beginning of the operation in Israel 234 missiles had exploded and 61 rockets had been hit by the missile defense system Iron Dome. Israel additionally issued a warning to the 100,000 residents of Gaza near the border with Israel to evacuate their homes, leading many to believe that preparations for an Israeli ground offensive are underway.

In the early afternoon, at an IDF checkpoint on Highway 5, a car with Palestinian plates carrying Palestinians Arabs was stopped. The car contained two cooking gas tanks connected to what is believed to be a detonation device. Shin Bet is investigating the incident that is believed to be a car bomb. One of the two suspects later confessed they intended to perpetrate a terror attack.

In the late afternoon Israel struck three Islamic Jihad members, Mahmoud Walud, Hazm Balusha and Alla'a Abd al-Nabi, whom Israel holds responsible for rockets fired at Tel Aviv. With this strike, the total number of Palestinians killed in day three of the operation reached 33. The IDF also announced that 96 rockets had been fired from Gaza on 10 July and that 442 rockets had been launched over the past three days.

In the early evening, siren went off around Jerusalem, for the second time in the three-day-old operation. Two rockets were shot down over Jerusalem by the Iron Dome and one landed in the Abu Ghosh area.

In the evening the US Consulate General in Jerusalem announced aid for any US citizens in Gaza who wish to leave. The US Consulate announcement came as Israel announced it would intensify the strikes in Gaza. Additionally, Israel announced that their goal is not a ceasefire, but that they want to fully dismantle Hamas's infrastructure.

As in the past few nights, militants from Gaza chose to shoot a large number of rockets into Israel during the 8pm news broadcast, with tonight's resulting in a number of injuries after a direct hit on a house. Initial reports indicated that an Israeli was killed when a rocket hit their car, however this was later proven untrue as the car was empty, and the Israeli death count remained at zero since the operation started.

Four US Senators Lindsey Graham, Robert Menendez, Kelly Ayotte, and Chuck Schumer, put forth a resolution expressing support for Israel as it defends itself against Hamas and ensure the survival of the State of Israel. Additionally, it condemns the unprovoked rocket fire at Israel, calls on Hamas to immediately cease all rocket attacks against Israel, and calls on Mahmoud Abbas to dissolve the unity governing arrangement with Hamas and condemn the attacks on Israel.

As the third day came to an end, Israel announced that 144 rockets had been shot at Israel on 10 July, and 442 since the operation started. This rocket fire has resulted in injuries to 123 people; one seriously, 21 moderately to lightly and 101 from shock. Israel had carried out almost 900 airstrikes on the Gaza strip, killing at least 90 Palestinians (part of them were civilians). Additionally, they announced that they are ready for a long battle and that they plan a ground operation to free Palestinian prisoners.

11 July

At approximately 3:30am, the Iron Dome missile defense system shot down a rocket over Haifa, the first time a rocket reached that far. An elderly woman running for cover when hearing the sirens collapsed and was pronounced dead at the scene.

In the early morning Hussein Izzat Atwe, a member of Al-Jamaa Al-Islamiya fired rockets at Israel, from the Hasbaya region of Lebanon. Only one projectile was reported to have hit Israel, causing no damage. Upon Lebanon's investigation they found six additional rockets ready to be fired, including one which had exploded in place when attempting to be fired. One man was later arrested in connection with the rocket fire after police found blood in his car which matched blood found at the scene of the rocket launchers.

Israeli troops fired 25 artillery shells into Lebanon at the outskirts of the village of Kfar Shuba.

In the early evening Egypt seized rockets that were being smuggled from Gaza into Egypt; it is believed these were going to be used to fire on Israel from there.

After 3.5 days of the operation, Israel had struck 1,090 sites in Gaza, while 525 rockets had been fired from Gaza at Israel.

In the evening two Israeli soldiers were injured by anti-aircraft missiles near Nahal Oz.

12 July

An IDF strike targeting Gaza police chief Tayseer Al-Batsah's home killed 21 people and wounded 45. The police chief's Gaza City house was nearly destroyed by two rockets. Many of those killed were leaving a mosque, next door to the home, at the time of the strike.

Just before dawn an IDF missile hit a centre for disabled people in northern Gaza killing two of its residents and injuring five more, a mosque, which the IDF said was being used as an armoury, was also targeted.

Hamas claimed responsibility for 10 rockets launched at Tel Aviv. The attack caused no casualties.

At around eight in the evening Hamas convened a news conference to deliver a message that at 21:00 they were about to fire J80 missiles into Central Israel that will challenge the Iron Dome system. Later on Al-Aqsa TV broadcast on part of the screen a clock that counts down the time, but the Iron Dome system intercepted the three rockets that were fired and the rest fell in open areas. There were no injuries and only minor damage was caused by shrapnel. In response, the IDF launched a combined attack involving artillery, helicopters and fighter jets for many targets throughout the Gaza Strip, in order to suppress the shooting ability of the Hamas

Later in the evening three rockets were fired from Gaza toward the Jewish settlement of Efrat, however all three landed in Palestinian neighborhoods; two in Bethlehem and one in Hebron.

Around 11 pm, two rockets were fired from Lebanon into western Galilee, causing no casualties; the IDF responded with artillery fire.

13 July

By the start of the sixth day, Israel had struck 1,320 sites within Gaza, resulting in 167 deaths and more than 1,000 injured. During the same time frame, more than 600 rockets have been launched at Israel from Gaza.

In the early hours of the morning, Israeli naval commandos approached Gaza via the al-Sudaniya beach. Gunfire ensued, resulting in three Palestinian deaths and four IDF soldiers injured. Israel stated that their mission was successful, and it took out several long-range rocket launchers.

Later in the morning, Israel began dropping leaflets, making telephone calls, and sending texts warning Palestinians in northern Gaza to evacuate by noon. Schools in Gaza have been opened to shelter those who are evacuating their homes; currently, 4,000 people are sheltering in Gazan schools, which can shelter up to 35,000 people. Although Hamas discouraged people from following Israel's advice, it is believed that approximately 10,000 did leave. After Israel began striking their targets in the north the number of people who left their home rose to 17,000, totaling about 25% of the town's 70,000 residence.

The IDF escorted 670 Palestinians with dual citizenship out of Gaza and to their respective embassies. Only a 30 minute window starting at 6am was given to people wishing to leave, causing many people to miss this opportunity and being forced to remain in Gaza.

In the morning, Palestinians fired four rockets at Gush Dan, the Shfela, and Ashdod. A boy was seriously injured in an Ashkelon rocket attack. In the afternoon, Hamas fired a heavy barrage of rockets, of the Fajr-5, M-75 and M-160 types to all parts of the country, including Ashkelon and Gush Dan. (Iron Dome intercepted a rocket over Rishon Le-Zion) the Sharon plain and Haifa.

In the evening, a rocket fired from Gaza hit the infrastructure in Israel that provides electricity to Gaza, cutting power to 70,000 Palestinians. This was followed by a break from the rocket fire, which correlated with the world cup.

14 July

By the start of day seven of the operation, there had been 1,320 strikes by Israel in Gaza. Additionally, there have been 940 rockets fired from Gaza.

In the early afternoon, the IDF stated that they used a Patriot missile to down a drone, near Ashdod, which came from Gaza. Hamas later took responsibility for this drone, stating they had sent 6 in total into Israel, including 3 missions over military bases.

In the early evening, Hamas said it had fired a Kornet anti-tank missile at a tank near Gaza, which it said destroyed the tank. Israel however said the Trophy Active Protection System successfully destroyed the missile and there were no damages or injuries from the incident.

The IDF stated that after the first 7 days of they believe 3,000 of the 9,000 rockets in Gaza had been destroyed. Additionally, 1050 rockets have been fired at Israel, leaving Gaza with approximately 5,000 more.

As day seven of the operation came to an end, news broke that an Egypt negotiated ceasefire was close to being announced, effective 9am the following day. This would be followed by negotiations in Cairo on 10 July. Hamas acknowledged that negotiations were ongoing, however no agreements had been finalized. By this point, the Palestinian death toll had reached 192.

Week 2

15 July

Shortly after midnight, Israel announced that they will be holding a cabinet meeting first thing in the morning to discuss the Egyptian cease fire proposal.

During the night, for the first time during the operation, two rockets were fired at Eilat, from Egypt.

At 7am, Israel announced that they had officially voted and were accepting the ceasefire proposed by Egypt; however Hamas officially rejected it and fired 40 rockets into Israel within the first 5 hours of the ceasefire. Hamas stated that they were not consulted on the ceasefire, and if they had accepted it, it would have been a surrender rather than a truce. Ismail Haniyeh, the deputy head of the Hamas political bureau, stated that although Hamas was contacted about the ceasefire, they would not accept it unless Israel gave fulfilled the "demands of the Palestinian people" such as ending the blockade. At approximately 3pm, six hours after Israel announced it would accept the ceasefire, Netanyahu announced that they had not conducted a single airstrike since the ceasefire went into effect; however due to the continued rocket fire from Gaza, they would be renewing their strikes.

Netanyahu fired Deputy Defense Minister Danny Danon on the evening of 15 July. According to Netanyahu's associates, Danon lost his job for claiming that Hamas "humiliated" Israel.

In the evening, eight days into the operation, an Israeli man was critically injured by a mortar shell, and later became the first Israeli death since the beginning of the operation.

16 July

Around midnight, the start of day 9 of fighting, Netanyahu vowed to intensify and expand Israeli strikes. This comes just one day after Israel accepted an Egyptian-brokered ceasefire but reported that Hamas fired 76 rockets from Gaza during the 6 hour Israeli cessation of hostilities.

During the night, Israeli warplanes bombed the house of senior Hamas leader Mahmoud al-Zahar. Israel also hit the homes of several Hamas leaders including Bassem Naim, Fathi Hammad and Ismail al-Ashqar, all three homes were reportedly empty at the time. Shortly after these attacks, it was announced the death toll within Gaza had surpassed 200 people. During the night, Israel also sent pre-recorded messages to approximately 100,000 people in Gaza City to leave their homes by 8am.

Magen David Adom in the evening reported that they offered to transfer donated blood to help those injured in Gaza; however the Palestinian Authority rejected the blood and rejected their offer to help run blood drives.

In the early afternoon, Hamas and the PIJ proposed a 10 year truce with Israel. The Palestinian terms for a truce included:

• IDF moving their tanks further from Gaza
• Re-release all prisoners freed in exchange for Gilad Shalit
• Remove blockage from all borders with the Rafah crossings on UN control
• Establish an airport in Gaza under UN control
• Expand fishing zone to 13 km
• Israel borders with Gaza controlled by the UN and Israel cannot intervene in the Palestinian unity government
• Israel must give Gaza residents permission to visit Jerusalem and pray in the Al-Aqsa Mosque.

Later in the afternoon, four Palestinian children were killed and one was critically wounded on a Gaza beach by a shell fired by an Israeli naval gunboat.

Ayelet Shaked, an Israeli politician and parliament member branded Palestinians on Wednesday as terrorists, saying mothers of all Palestinians should also be killed during the current Israeli attack on the Gaza Strip. Shaked a member of ultra-nationalist The Jewish Home party called for the slaughter of Palestinian mothers who give birth to "little snakes." "They have to die and their houses should be demolished so that they cannot bear any more terrorists," Shaked said, adding, "They are all our enemies and their blood should be on our hands. This also applies to the mothers of the dead terrorists." The remarks are considered as a call for genocide as she declared that all Palestinians are Israel's enemies and must be killed.

Impact

Impact on residents

Hospitals in Gaza are currently ill-equipped and facing severe shortage of various categories of medicine, medical supplies and fuel. Egypt temporarily reopened the Rafah crossing with Gaza to allow medical supplies to enter, and injured Palestinians to receive treatment in Egypt. Additionally, due to the current operation prices of many foods include fish and produce have dramatically risen.

At the onset of the operation, the Israeli government canceled all programs within 40 km (24 miles) of Gaza, and requested all people stay at home or near shelter. All summer camps were closed and universities canceled their final exams. Additionally, all gatherings of 300 or more were banned. Due to the trajectory of rocket fire from Gaza, many flights in and out of Ben-Gurion Airport have been delayed or had their course changed.

Casualties and losses

At least 187 Palestinians have been killed. According to the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 75% of those killed were civilians (as of its report on 15 July, at which time it said 149 civilians were killed, in addition to 35 members of armed groups and 10 persons of unknown status). 38 of those killed were children. 1,390 have been wounded as of 15 July according to Gazan medical officials. According to OCHA, 46% of those injured are women and children. At least 1,370 housing units were destroyed or severely damaged. 8,200 Palestinians were displaced due to damage to their homes and 18,000 have taken refugee in UN shelters. Over 25,000 children have been traumatized and are in need of care. 79 schools and 23 medical facilities were damaged. Hundreds of homes were deliberately targeted by Israeli forces. In addition, over 3,000 homes have been partially destroyed by the air strikes.

Many of those killed have been civilians, prompting concern from many humanitarian organisations. Israel states many of the civilian casualties have been caused by the tactic of using human shields at missile launch targets, a claim that was backed by worldwide media citing Hamas spokesman on official TV. Israeli media also accused Hamas of intimidating their civilians not to evacuate their homes when receiving warnings from IDF to do so, saying that they will take their revenge on those who leave. Some others include 9 people killed while watching the World Cup in a cafe, and 8 members of a family which Israel says were inadvertently killed. Retired IDF Major-General Oren Shachor is on record as stating:“If we kill their families, that will frighten them.”

Rocket and missile attacks from Gaza have caused damage to Israeli civilian infrastructure, including factories, gas stations and homes. There has been one Israeli death at the Erez border crossing with Gaza: a Chabad rabbi who was delivering food and drinks on the frontline and was hit by mortar fire. According to Magen David Adom there have been injuries to 123 people: 1 seriously, 21 moderately to lightly and 101 from shock. An elderly woman in Wadi Nisnas collapsed and died of heart failure during an air-raid siren.

Cost

Israel's Minister of Finance estimated that the operation cost forecasted to NIS 8.5 billion (approximately 2.5 billion USD), which is similar to Operation Cast Lead in 2009 and higher than Operation Pillar of Defense in 2012. The forecast assumed military and non-military costs, including military expenditure and property damage. The calculation indicates that if the operation lasts 20 days, the loss in GDP will be 0.4%.

Reaction

Media coverage

Portrayals of the conflict have varied in different media outlets. In the English-speaking world, U.S. news sources were often more sympathetic to Israel, though commentators on both sides have stated that U.S. coverage of the conflict has failed to adequately provide context and background for the public to understand the issues involved. Commentators on both sides have also claimed that the media is biased either for or against Israel. British sources were more often critical of Israel. As the conflict progressed and Palestinian deaths increased, media became somewhat more critical of Israel.

ABC News received criticism when Diane Sawyer misidentified photos of rubble in Gaza as being in Israel. The progressive media criticism organization FAIR said that the mistake reflected a worldview in American media and a "false balance" between the two sides of the conflict, when in fact many more Palestinians have suffered than Israelis.

In The Guardian, Owen Jones called the BBC's headline "Israel under renewed Hamas attack", "perverse as Mike Tyson punching a toddler, followed by a headline claiming that the child spat at him", and that "the macabre truth is that Israeli life is deemed by the western media to be worth more than a Palestinian life".

Investigative reporter Judith Miller criticized US media, and her former employer The New York Times in particular, for being unsympathetic to Israel and downplaying the context of the kidnapping and murder of Israeli teenagers.

Social media

In the eight days leading up to Operation Protective Edge, the hashtag #GazaUnderAttack was used over 375,000 times. Often the hashtag was used on tweets using photos that claimed to show how the people are suffering due to Israeli attacks. A BBC study showed that in some cases these photos were from previous Israeli attacks, or from wars in Syria and Iraq.

A false report circulated on social media and via SMS that a rocket from Gaza had hit a petrochemical plant in Haifa. These reports cited Haaretz as their source, but turned out to be false. Haaretz denies having issued such warnings.

A photo published by Danish journalist Allan Sørensen on Twitter caused uproar online, gathering more than 8,500 retweets. It allegedly shows Israelis in Sderot gathered on top of a hill to celebrate and cheer as they watched Israeli airstrikes on Gaza. People reportedly brought chairs, sofas, popcorn and hookahs with them. The scene was described as "something resembling a party". Similarly, Arabs in Hebron cheered as Gazan rockets were fired at Tel Aviv.

See also

• 2014 in Israel
• 2014 in the Palestinian territories
• Gaza–Israel conflict
• History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
• IDF military operations
• List of rocket, mortar and other attacks by Israel in 2014
• List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel, 2014
• Roof knocking

References

1. Ben Solomon, Ariel. "Videos show Lebanese jihadi group active in Gaza". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
2. "Israel calls up additional 8,000 reservists for Gaza operation". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
3. "Brief Lull in Gaza Ends; First Israeli Killed Near Border". New York Times.
4. ^ "Operation Protective Edge, day 3". Haaretz. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
5. "Two IDF soldiers injured by mortar fire in Eshkol". Y net. 10 July 2014. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
6. "Israeli raids on Gaza kill 10, including 6 children". Maan News Agency.
7. ^ United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs: Occupied Palestinian Territory (15 July 2014). "Occupied Palestinian Territory: Gaza Emergency Situation Report" (Document). {{cite document}}: Cite document requires |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |accessdate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |url= ignored (help)
8. Campaign wreaks havoc in Gaza ASSOCIATED PRESS Published — Thursday 17 July 2014
9. ^ "Israeli raids on Gaza kill 10, including 6 children". Maan News Agency.
10. "IDF's Operation "Protective Edge" Begins Against Gaza". Jewish Press. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
11. "Israel and Hamas Trade Attacks as Tension Rises". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
12. Gaza Invasion Is Likely, Israeli Official Says – See more at: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/17/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-strip.html?_r=0
13. Josef Federman and Maggie Michael (14 July 2014). "Egypt proposes cease-fire between Israel, Hamas". AP.
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142. Gaza death toll at 167 as deadly Israeli strikes continue | Maan News Agency
143. Israel's Threat As Thousands Flee Northern Gaza – Yahoo News UK
144. Israeli forces carry out raid on rocket base in Gaza Strip – The Washington Post
145. More Rockets Into Israel After Israeli Raid Into Gaza – ABC News
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150. Egypt launches initiative to halt Israel-Palestinian conflict | Reuters
151. The Jewish Press » » Hundreds of US and European-Arabs Leave Gaza
152. Hundreds Of U.S. Citizens Are Left Stranded In Gaza After Evacuation Plan Fails Them
153. חדשות 2 – הבוקר: רקטות יורטו מעל השפלה ואשדוד
154. חדשות – צבא וביטחון nrg – ...מטח רקטות לאשקלון: בן 16 נפצע
155. תיעוד: כיפת ברזל מיירטת טיל מעל ראשון לציון
156. Reshet Bet :: רשת ב – מתקפת רקטות אל שטח ישראל
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158. In the Arab world, does World Cup soccer trump the Gaza war? | JPost | Israel News
159. BBC News – Thousands flee northern Gaza after Israel warnings
160. Israel holds off on escalating Gaza barrage; West wants truce | Reuters
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162. Israel Says It Downed Drone as Gaza Death Toll Climbs – ABC News
163. Cabinet to meet on Egyptian ceasefire plan Tuesday morning | The Times of Israel
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189. The Jewish Press » » Rocket Sirens in Tel Aviv and Ben Gurion Airport
190. – No halt to Isreal's Gaza Raids
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194. Three killed in Khan Younis strike, including 10-year-old boy Ynet News, Retrieved 2014-07-16
195. World Cup fans killed as Israel hits Gaza | News , Middle East | THE DAILY STAR
196. Israeli Army Says Killing Of 8 Palestinian Family Members Was Not Intentional
197. Gideon Levy, 'Israel's real purpose in Gaza operation? To kill Arabs,' Haaretz 13 July 2014.
198. rocket caused massive damage to the gas station, and a fire has broken out. BY HAARETZ STAFF 12 July 2014
199. Israel to escalate Gaza military offensive after first citizen killed
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External links

• "Live Updates". Israel Defense Forces.
• "Gaza Blog Live". Al Jazeera English.
• "Operation Protective Edge". The Jerusalem Post. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
• "Gaza-Israel conflict: Why are civilians on the front lines?". BBC News Online.
• "Operation Protective Edge" (Flickr). Israel Defense Forces.
• "Israeli Airstrikes In Gaza". Getty Images.
• "Gaza Crisis". United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs: Occupied Palestinian Territory.

• Current events from July 2014
• 2014 in Israel
• 2014 in the Gaza Strip
• Aerial operations and battles involving Israel
• Conflicts in 2014
• Israel–Gaza conflict