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{{Infobox
]
| name =
|image = ]
| title = Cases in the United States
| subheader = Updated: '''Oct. 2, 2014'''
| header =
| label1 = Deaths
|data1 = 0
| label2 = Active cases (in red)
|data2 = 1
|label3 = Suspected cases in medical isolation
|data3= 1 <ref>, ''ABC News'', Oct. 2, 2014</ref>
| label4 = Quarantined people
|data4 = 5 <ref>, KHOU TV, Oct. 2, 2014</ref>
|label5 = Under observation
|data5 = 18 (via primary contact)<ref group=note>These people may have had direct contact with Duncan after he started showing symptoms.</ref><ref>, ''ABC News'', Oct. 2, 2014</ref><br>80–100 (via secondary contact)<ref group=note>These people may have had contact with people who may have had direct contact with Duncan.</ref><ref name="nyt 20141002-1"/>
}}


The Ebola virus in Dallas, Texas represents the first ever case of Ebola virus to be diagnosed in the United States. The case is a man from Liberia who arrived in Dallas from Liberia after a stopover in Belgium. <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/s930-ebola-confirmed-case.htm</ref> <ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2776747/Did-US-Ebola-victim-change-flights-Heathrow-Patient-flew-Liberia-Brussels-route-Dallas-taken-London.html</ref> On September 30, 2014, the first case of ] diagnosed in the United States was confirmed in Thomas Eric Duncan, a 40-year-old Liberian national visiting family living in ], Texas.<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/s930-ebola-confirmed-case.htm</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2776747/Did-US-Ebola-victim-change-flights-Heathrow-Patient-flew-Liberia-Brussels-route-Dallas-taken-London.html|title=Did US Ebola victim change flights at Heathrow?|work=Mail Online|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref>


⚫ On October 1, health officials in ] announced that a second person was under observation for possible Ebola virus. This person had close contact with the confirmed case, according to the health officials.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/01/texas-ebola-patient/16525649/|title=Officials: Second person being monitored for Ebola|author=Marjorie Owens, WFAA-TV, Dallas-Fort Worth|date=1 October 2014|publisher=|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref>
Health officials at the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control have called the 2014 Ebola virus outbreak the worst in history.

⚫ On October 1, 2014, health officials in Texas announced that a second person was under observation for possible Ebola virus. This person had close contact with the confirmed case, according to the health officials. <ref>http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/01/texas-ebola-patient/16525649/</ref>


==Epidemiology== ==Epidemiology==


According to an announcement by the CDC on September 30, 2014, the man left Liberia on September 19 and arrived in Dallas on September 20. On September 24, and he developed symptoms, and sought medical care on September 26. He was admitted to hospital on September 28. On September 30, the CDC confirmed that he was infected with Ebola virus. On September 30, 2014, the ], announced that a man had traveled from Liberia on September 19 and arrived in Dallas on September 20. On September 24, he developed symptoms, and sought medical care at 10:00 PM on September 25. He was admitted to hospital on September 28. On September 30, the CDC laboratory confirmed that he was infected with Ebola virus.


The man, Thomas Eric Duncan, a Liberian national in his mid-40s, lived in ], ]. On September 15, 2014, Duncan helped to transfer his housemate and landlord's daughter Marthalene Williams, 19, who had Ebola, to the hospital. The family of Williams took her by taxi to an ] Treatment Ward in Monrovia after failing to get an ambulance ride. Duncan rode in the taxi to the treatment ward with Williams, her father and her brother Sonny Boy. Duncan rode in the front seat and the others rode in the back. The family was turned away due to lack of space and Duncan helped carry Williams from the taxi back into her home, where she died shortly thereafter.<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/02/world/africa/ebola-victim-texas-thomas-eric-duncan.html?action=click&contentCollection=U.S.&module=RelatedCoverage&region=Marginalia&pgtype=article</ref>
On October 1, 2014, Texas Governor Rick Perry announced at a news conference that the Liberian man had contact with up to 18 people in Dallas, including several school children. <ref>http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ebola-virus-outbreak/texas-ebola-patient-had-contact-school-age-kids-perry-says-n215976</ref> <ref>http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/01/health/ebola-us/index.html</ref>


On September 19, Duncan left Monrovia for Brussels where he boarded ] Flight 951 to ]. Before departing Liberia, he lied about his history of contact with the disease on an airport questionnaire, according to an airport official.<ref>, ''New York Times'', Oct. 2, 2014</ref> From Washington, he boarded ] Flight 822 to Dallas/Fort Worth. He arrived in Dallas at 7:01PM CDT <ref>{{cite web|url=http://flightaware.com/live/flight/UAL822/history|title=History ✈ United #822 ✈ FlightAware|work=FlightAware|accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> on September 20, 2014,<ref name="nyt 20141002-1">http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/02/us/after-ebola-case-in-dallas-health-officials-seek-those-who-had-contact-with-patient.html?_r=0</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wyff4.com/health/thomas-eric-duncan-from-healthy-to-ebola/28360418|title=Thomas Eric Duncan: From healthy to Ebola|work=WYFF4|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref> and stayed with his partner and her five children, who lived in the North East community of Dallas known as Fair Oaks.<ref>http://online.wsj.com/articles/dallas-man-says-u-s-ebola-victim-had-been-ill-1412270496</ref><ref>http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/01/us/retracing-the-steps-of-the-dallas-ebola-patient.html?_r=0</ref> He began experiencing symptoms on September 24, 2014 and went to the ] Emergency Room late in the evening of September 25, 2014. During this visit, his symptoms included a 100.1 °F (37.8 °C) fever, abdominal pain for two days, a headache, and decreased urination. He did not have vomiting, diarrhea, or nausea at the time, and was sent home with antibiotics. Duncan began vomiting on September 28, 2014, and was transported to the same emergency room by ambulance.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-03/electronic-record-gap-allowed-ebola-man-to-leave-hospital.html|title=Electronic-Record Gap Allowed Ebola Patient to Leave Hospital|work=Bloomberg|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-dallas-ebola-hospital-20141002-story.html|title=Dallas hospital says Ebola patient denied being around sick people|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref> His Ebola diagnosis was confirmed during a CDC news conference on September 30, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2014ebolaoutbreak.com/ebola-us-ebola-dallas/|title=Ebola in the US - Ebola in Dallas - 2014 Ebola Outbreak|work=2014 Ebola Outbreak|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ebola-virus-outbreak/how-did-ebola-patient-escape-two-days-n216216|title=How Did The Ebola Patient Escape for Two Days?|author=Maggie Fox|work=NBC News|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref>
The man is currently being treated at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas.


On October 1, 2014, Texas Governor ] announced at a news conference that the Liberian man had contact with up to 18 people in Dallas, including several school children,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ebola-virus-outbreak/texas-ebola-patient-had-contact-school-age-kids-perry-says-n215976|title=Texas Ebola Patient Had Contact With School-Age Kids, Perry Says|work=NBC News|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/01/health/ebola-us/index.html|title=Administration resending Ebola guidance after TX case - CNN.com|date=1 October 2014|work=CNN|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> who are being monitored at home.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myfoxdfw.com/story/26678652/five-dallas-isd-students-in-contact-with-ebola-patient-now-monitored|title=Five Dallas ISD students in contact with Ebola patient now monitored|date=1 October 2014|publisher=|accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> Up to 80–100 people may have had contact with people who had contact with Duncan after he showed symptoms. Duncan is currently being treated at ] in Dallas.<ref name="nyt 20141002-1"/>
== Signs and symptoms ==
Ebola virus affects multiple organ systems in humans. Symptoms might not appear for between 2 to 21 days after the person contracts the virus. Symptoms include fever, muscle weakness, headache, muscle pain, and sore throat.


==Transmission== ==Reaction==
Liberian authorities said they could prosecute Duncan if he returned because he had filled out a form before flying falsely stating he had not come into contact with an Ebola case.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ebola-virus-outbreak/liberia-prosecute-man-who-brought-ebola-united-states-n216876|title=Liberia to Prosecute Man Who Brought Ebola to United States|work=NBC News|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref> Liberian President ] told Canadian Broadcasting Corporation that she was angry with Duncan for what he had done, especially given how much the United States was doing to help tackle the crisis:
A person infected with Ebola virus is not contagious unless they are showing symptoms. Ebola virus can be spread through direct contact with an infected person's blood and/or bodily fluids such as semen, urine, feces, and breast milk. Ebola virus is not airborne, but it can be contracted from droplet transmission.

{{Quote|One of our compatriots didn't take due care, and so, he's gone there and in a way put some Americans in a state of fear, and put them at some risk, and so I feel very saddened by that and very angry with him.&hellip;The fact that he knew (he might be a carrier) and he left the country is unpardonable, quite frankly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/02/health/ebola-us/index.html|title=Liberian President criticizes Ebola patient in Dallas - CNN.com|date=2 October 2014|work=CNN|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref>}}

In the United States, the US government, in statements through social media, told American citizens not to worry about an epidemic of Ebola in the United States, stating that the risk of such an epidemic was very low.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://time.com/3450911/white-house-america-ebola-case-response/ | title=White House Urges Calm After First Confirmed U.S. Ebola Case | work=] | accessdate=3 October 2014 | author=30 September 2014}}</ref> However, on ] on September 30, over 50,000 tweets in response to the Ebola case were posted in just one hour.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/01/health/ebola-us-no-reason-to-panic/ | title=1st Ebola diagnosis in the United States: Should we worry? | work=] | date=1 October 2014 | accessdate=3 October 2014 | author=Yan, Holly}}</ref>

==History ==
]
{{More|Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa#Initial outbreak}}
Researchers believe that the 2014 Ebola virus epidemic began on December 2, 2013, when a 2-year-old boy in the village of ], ], in Guinea, a country in West Africa, fell ill that day, and died four days later. It is believed the child may have contracted the virus through contact with a fruit bat. His sister fell ill next, followed by his mother and grandmother. It is believed the Ebola virus was then spread to the villages of ] and ], both in Guéckédou, by the midwife who attended them. From Dawa village the virus spread to ] and ], and on to ] and ].<ref name="Baize-2014">{{cite journal|url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1404505|title=Emergence of Zaire Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea&nbsp;— Preliminary Report|date=16 April 2014 |DOI=10.1056/NEJMoa1404505 |last=Baize |first=Sylvain |last2=Pannetier |first2=Delphine |last3=Oestereich|first3=Lisa|last4=Rieger|first4=Toni|journal=New England Journal of Medicine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/aug/23/ebola-outbreak-blamed-on-fruit-bats-africa|title=Ebola: research team says migrating fruit bats responsible for outbreak|author=John Vidal|work=the Guardian|accessdate=30 September 2014}}</ref>

The virus then spread to Sierra Leone when 14 mourners at a traditional healer's funeral became infected. It is believed the healer had been to Guinea, possibly to treat the family of the index case. The funeral was in ], a diamond-mining town across the border from Guéckédou in Guinea. The virus then spread to ], ], and ]. Of all the countries, Liberia has experienced the most cases and the highest death rate. <ref name="nytimes 20140829">http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/29/health/ebola-outbreak-in-sierra-leone-is-tied-to-one-funeral.html?_r=0</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/ebola-6-months/sierra-leone/en/|title=WHO - Sierra Leone: a traditional healer and a funeral|publisher=|accessdate=30 September 2014}}</ref>

==See also==
*]
*]
*]
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*]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist|40em}}

==External links==
*
*

{{Ebola|state=expanded}}


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Revision as of 15:59, 3 October 2014

Cases in the United States
Updated: Oct. 2, 2014
Deaths0
Active cases (in red)1
Suspected cases in medical isolation1
Quarantined people5
Under observation18 (via primary contact)
80–100 (via secondary contact)

On September 30, 2014, the first case of Ebola virus disease diagnosed in the United States was confirmed in Thomas Eric Duncan, a 40-year-old Liberian national visiting family living in Dallas, Texas.

On October 1, health officials in Texas announced that a second person was under observation for possible Ebola virus. This person had close contact with the confirmed case, according to the health officials.

Epidemiology

On September 30, 2014, the Centers for Disease Control, announced that a man had traveled from Liberia on September 19 and arrived in Dallas on September 20. On September 24, he developed symptoms, and sought medical care at 10:00 PM on September 25. He was admitted to hospital on September 28. On September 30, the CDC laboratory confirmed that he was infected with Ebola virus.

The man, Thomas Eric Duncan, a Liberian national in his mid-40s, lived in Monrovia, Liberia. On September 15, 2014, Duncan helped to transfer his housemate and landlord's daughter Marthalene Williams, 19, who had Ebola, to the hospital. The family of Williams took her by taxi to an Ebola Treatment Ward in Monrovia after failing to get an ambulance ride. Duncan rode in the taxi to the treatment ward with Williams, her father and her brother Sonny Boy. Duncan rode in the front seat and the others rode in the back. The family was turned away due to lack of space and Duncan helped carry Williams from the taxi back into her home, where she died shortly thereafter.

On September 19, Duncan left Monrovia for Brussels where he boarded United Airlines Flight 951 to Washington Dulles Airport. Before departing Liberia, he lied about his history of contact with the disease on an airport questionnaire, according to an airport official. From Washington, he boarded United Airlines Flight 822 to Dallas/Fort Worth. He arrived in Dallas at 7:01PM CDT on September 20, 2014, and stayed with his partner and her five children, who lived in the North East community of Dallas known as Fair Oaks. He began experiencing symptoms on September 24, 2014 and went to the Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Emergency Room late in the evening of September 25, 2014. During this visit, his symptoms included a 100.1 °F (37.8 °C) fever, abdominal pain for two days, a headache, and decreased urination. He did not have vomiting, diarrhea, or nausea at the time, and was sent home with antibiotics. Duncan began vomiting on September 28, 2014, and was transported to the same emergency room by ambulance. His Ebola diagnosis was confirmed during a CDC news conference on September 30, 2014.

On October 1, 2014, Texas Governor Rick Perry announced at a news conference that the Liberian man had contact with up to 18 people in Dallas, including several school children, who are being monitored at home. Up to 80–100 people may have had contact with people who had contact with Duncan after he showed symptoms. Duncan is currently being treated at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas.

Reaction

Liberian authorities said they could prosecute Duncan if he returned because he had filled out a form before flying falsely stating he had not come into contact with an Ebola case. Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf told Canadian Broadcasting Corporation that she was angry with Duncan for what he had done, especially given how much the United States was doing to help tackle the crisis:

One of our compatriots didn't take due care, and so, he's gone there and in a way put some Americans in a state of fear, and put them at some risk, and so I feel very saddened by that and very angry with him.…The fact that he knew (he might be a carrier) and he left the country is unpardonable, quite frankly.

In the United States, the US government, in statements through social media, told American citizens not to worry about an epidemic of Ebola in the United States, stating that the risk of such an epidemic was very low. However, on Twitter on September 30, over 50,000 tweets in response to the Ebola case were posted in just one hour.

History

Map showing countries affected with Ebola.
Map, showing African countries and U.S. states affected with Ebola in color. Texas is in lime green on the left side of the map.
Further information: Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa § Initial outbreak

Researchers believe that the 2014 Ebola virus epidemic began on December 2, 2013, when a 2-year-old boy in the village of Meliandou, Guéckédou, in Guinea, a country in West Africa, fell ill that day, and died four days later. It is believed the child may have contracted the virus through contact with a fruit bat. His sister fell ill next, followed by his mother and grandmother. It is believed the Ebola virus was then spread to the villages of Dandou Pombo and Dawa, both in Guéckédou, by the midwife who attended them. From Dawa village the virus spread to Guéckédou Baladou District and Guéckédou Farako District, and on to Macenta and Kissidougou.

The virus then spread to Sierra Leone when 14 mourners at a traditional healer's funeral became infected. It is believed the healer had been to Guinea, possibly to treat the family of the index case. The funeral was in Koindu, a diamond-mining town across the border from Guéckédou in Guinea. The virus then spread to Liberia, Nigeria, and Senegal. Of all the countries, Liberia has experienced the most cases and the highest death rate.

See also

Notes

  1. These people may have had direct contact with Duncan after he started showing symptoms.
  2. These people may have had contact with people who may have had direct contact with Duncan.

References

  1. "Ebola Patient's Family Ordered To Stay Inside After Trying to Leave", ABC News, Oct. 2, 2014
  2. "Ebola-infected man may have been in contact with 80 people", KHOU TV, Oct. 2, 2014
  3. "Ebola Patient's Family Ordered To Stay Inside After Trying to Leave", ABC News, Oct. 2, 2014
  4. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/02/us/after-ebola-case-in-dallas-health-officials-seek-those-who-had-contact-with-patient.html?_r=0
  5. http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/s930-ebola-confirmed-case.htm
  6. "Did US Ebola victim change flights at Heathrow?". Mail Online. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  7. Marjorie Owens, WFAA-TV, Dallas-Fort Worth (1 October 2014). "Officials: Second person being monitored for Ebola". Retrieved 1 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/02/world/africa/ebola-victim-texas-thomas-eric-duncan.html?action=click&contentCollection=U.S.&module=RelatedCoverage&region=Marginalia&pgtype=article
  9. "Ebola Patient in Dallas Lied on Screening Form, Liberian Airport Official Says", New York Times, Oct. 2, 2014
  10. "History ✈ United #822 ✈ FlightAware". FlightAware. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  11. "Thomas Eric Duncan: From healthy to Ebola". WYFF4. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  12. http://online.wsj.com/articles/dallas-man-says-u-s-ebola-victim-had-been-ill-1412270496
  13. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/01/us/retracing-the-steps-of-the-dallas-ebola-patient.html?_r=0
  14. "Electronic-Record Gap Allowed Ebola Patient to Leave Hospital". Bloomberg. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  15. "Dallas hospital says Ebola patient denied being around sick people". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  16. "Ebola in the US - Ebola in Dallas - 2014 Ebola Outbreak". 2014 Ebola Outbreak. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  17. Maggie Fox. "How Did The Ebola Patient Escape for Two Days?". NBC News. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  18. "Texas Ebola Patient Had Contact With School-Age Kids, Perry Says". NBC News. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  19. "Administration resending Ebola guidance after TX case - CNN.com". CNN. 1 October 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
  20. "Five Dallas ISD students in contact with Ebola patient now monitored". 1 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  21. "Liberia to Prosecute Man Who Brought Ebola to United States". NBC News. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  22. "Liberian President criticizes Ebola patient in Dallas - CNN.com". CNN. 2 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  23. 30 September 2014. "White House Urges Calm After First Confirmed U.S. Ebola Case". Time (magazine). Retrieved 3 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  24. Yan, Holly (1 October 2014). "1st Ebola diagnosis in the United States: Should we worry?". CNN. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  25. Baize, Sylvain; Pannetier, Delphine; Oestereich, Lisa; Rieger, Toni (16 April 2014). "Emergence of Zaire Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea — Preliminary Report". New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1404505.
  26. John Vidal. "Ebola: research team says migrating fruit bats responsible for outbreak". the Guardian. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  27. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/29/health/ebola-outbreak-in-sierra-leone-is-tied-to-one-funeral.html?_r=0
  28. "WHO - Sierra Leone: a traditional healer and a funeral". Retrieved 30 September 2014.

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