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2019 Balakot airstrike
Part of Indo-Pakistani conflicts and Kashmir conflict
Date 26 February 2019 (2019-02-26) Location Balakot, Pakistan34°27′48″N 73°19′08″E / 34.46333°N 73.31889°E / 34.46333; 73.31889 Result Destruction of JeM terror camp at Balakot, eliminating at least 325 terrorists (Indian claim)
Belligerents
India  Indian Air Force	JeM	Pakistan  Pakistan Air Force
Commanders and leaders
Unknown
Units involved
Unknown
Strength
12 Mirage 2000	Unknown
Casualties and losses
None	Indian claim: 350 militants killed Pakistani claim: None killed	None
class=notpageimage| Location of the airstrike in Balakot, PakistanShow map of Kashmir2019 Balakot airstrike (Pakistan)Show map of Pakistan

On 26 February 2019, twelve Mirage 2000 jets of the Indian Air Force crossed the Line of Control in Kashmir, performing an airstrike inside Pakistan. India said the airstrike was in retaliation to the Pulwama attack, which took place two weeks prior to the strike.

According to India, the jets struck a Jaish-e-Mohammed-operated militant camp at Balakot killing around 350 militants and returned back into Indian airspace unharmed without being engaged by Pakistani aircraft. According to Pakistan, the aircraft violated their airspace near Muzaffarabad. Pakistan scrambled its jets in response, forcing the Indian jets to retreat to Indian airspace. In the process of returning to Indian airspace, the aircraft had to drop their payloads. Pakistan claimed that no casualties or damage had been inflicted. Subsequent to the incident, Indian and Pakistani troops shelled each other across the Line of Control; Pakistan reported four civilians killed and eleven wounded by Indian shelling.

The airstrike was the first time since the war of 1971 that Indian Air Force aircraft crossed the Line of Control, as well as the first time since both states have acquired the nuclear weapons.

Background

On 14 February 2019, a convoy of vehicles carrying security personnel on the Jammu Srinagar National Highway was attacked by a vehicle-borne suicide bomber at Lethpora in the Pulwama district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The attack resulted in the deaths of 46 Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel and the attacker. The perpetrator of the attack was from Indian-administered Kashmir. The responsibility for the attack was claimed by the Pakistan-based Islamist militant group Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM). Pakistan condemned the attack, and denied any connection to it.

The airstrike occurred ahead of the 2019 Indian general election. On February 19, Pakistan's PM attributed Indian government's desire to attack Pakistan to the upcoming election. The Indian government rejected the allegation.

It was reported that JeM has moved many recruits, along with their trainers and other hardcore militants, out of Azad Kashmir and to Balakot Tehsil, on the border between Azad Kashmir and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. According to WikiLeaks, a 2004 United States Department of Defence interrogation report stated that Balakot was "a location known to house a training camp that offers both basic and advanced terrorist training on explosives and artillery." Indian intelligence claimed that the camp was located in a hilltop forest, 20 km (12 mi) from Balakot, and that it was a resort-style facility, with space and room for 500–700 militants, including a swimming pool, cooks and cleaners. However, Western security officials questioned the existence of a large-scale training camp, saying that Pakistan no longer runs such camps. Some local villagers stated that the camp had been turned into an Islamic seminary several years ago, and was frequented by students.

Incident

Indian version

On 26 February 2019, twelve Mirage 2000 jets of the Indian Air Force (IAF) crossed the Line of Control and bombed an alleged JeM-operated terrorist camp at Balakot. The Indian foreign secretary termed the airstrike as "non-military, preemptive airstrikes". This was India's first airstrike within Pakistan since the war of 1971. Some Indian news channels also reported two more airstrikes by India on terrorist launch pads in Chakothi and Muzaffarabad.

The Mirage 2000s were carrying 1,000 kg SPICE 2000 and Popeye precision-guided munitions. They were supported by four Sukhoi Su-30MKI, Netra and Phalcon airborne early warning and control aircraft, an IAI Heron UAV, and two Ilyushin Il-78 aerial refuelling aircraft. After releasing the bombs, the jets returned back into Indian airspace unharmed. Pakistan scrambled its F-16 jets but they could not engage the Indian planes.

Indian media reported that the camp was levelled, and about 350 JeM militants were killed.

Pakistani version

The efficacy of this attack has been contested by Pakistan. According to official sources, the quick scrambling of Pakistani Air Force (PAF) jets resulted in the Indian aircraft retreating across the Line of Control, in the process releasing their payloads. According to these sources, this included a fuel dump in free fall in an open area resulting in no casualties or damage.

Pakistan reported Indian aircraft violated their airspace near Muzaffarabad and "released a payload" near Balakot. They claimed that there was open space where the aircraft dropped the bombs, and provided images of destroyed forest to corroborate their account. Pakistan scrambled their own jets, but stated no casualties or damage had been inflicted.

In a press briefing, Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) spokesman, Major General Asif Ghafoor stated that three IAF air teams were spotted approaching the Pakistan border from various sectors in the early hours of 26 February. He added that the two of these teams did not cross the border following a challenge from Pakistani aircraft flying combat air patrol, but the third one crossed the Line of Control from the Kiran Valley before being intercepted by PAF jets within three minutes of the incursion.

Aftermath

The IAF put air defence systems on alert along the international border and Line of Control to respond to any possible retaliation by the Pakistan Air Force. India tested quick reaction surface-to-air missiles off the coast of Odisha; two missiles were tested by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of a missile being developed for the Army.

Pakistan's foreign minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi summoned an emergency meeting in Islamabad, Pakistan to discuss the security situation.. He also stated that Pakistan will take international media to the area of strikes. Helicopters were being prepared, but due to bad weather conditions, they will fly when weather permits.

On the same day, a Pakistani drone was reported to have been shot down near the India-Pakistan international border and its debris was found in Nanghatad, a village in Abdasa Taluka in the Kutch district of Gujarat.

Heavy skirmishes between Pakistani and Indian forces occurred along the Line of Control, with small arms and mortar fire being exchanged. Pakistan officials reported that at least four civilians killed, and eleven wounded. A 55-year old woman and her two children (aged 20 and 8 years old) were killed in the Nakyal sector. In the Khuiratta sector, a 40-year old woman was killed.

ANI claimed to have released photos of the alleged JeM camp and weapons cache sourced from intelligence sources. Foreign diplomats from the United States, United Kingdom, Russia, Australia, Indonesia, Turkey, China and six ASEAN nations were briefed by Indian foreign secretary Vijay Gokhale on the strike conducted.

Reactions

India

India's foreign secretary Vijay Gokhale stated that the IAF had conducted strikes against a Jaish-e-Mohammad training camp, in retaliation for the 2019 Pulwama attack which he said was orchestrated by the group. He claimed that the strikes were motivated by a "lack of Pakistani action on terrorism" combined with "imminent danger" from terrorists. He claimed that the strike resulted in large casualties for Jaish-e-Mohammad, and that the target was chosen to minimize damage to civilians following intelligence reports. Earlier, the spokesperson of the Indian Defense Ministry said that he had no information about Pakistani allegations of airspace violations.

Pakistan

Shah Mehmood Qureshi, foreign minister of Pakistan, said that Pakistan reserved the right to retaliate. The prime minister of Pakistan, Imran Khan, convened an emergency meeting to review the situation. At the end of this meeting, the National Security Council (NSC) released a statement denying Indian claims of the destruction of any terrorist camp. The statement described the attack as "uncalled for", and added that retaliation would be forthcoming after a joint parliamentary session.

Others

Australia noted its condemnation of Pulwama attack and asked Pakistan to crack down on terrorists operating from its soil. It also asked both India and Pakistan to restrain from actions that would jeopardize peace.

China's foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang stated "We hope that both India and Pakistan can exercise restraint and adopt actions that will help stabilize the situation in the region and improve mutual relations".

France asked both India and Pakistan to exercise restraint, saying that it supported Indian actions against terrorism and asked Pakistan to stop allowing its territory to be used by terrorists.

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation condemned the airstrike and called on both India and Pakistan to show restraint.

See also

• 2016 Indian Line of Control strike
• India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2014–2015)
• 2016 Uri attack
• India–Pakistan relations

Notes

1. India became a nuclear power with successful Smiling Buddha operation in 1974 and Pakistan's successful operation of Chagai-I took place in 1998.

References

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