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2024 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed	May 23, 2024
Last system dissipated	Season ongoing
Strongest storm
Name	Yagi and Krathon
• Maximum winds	195 km/h (120 mph) (10-minute sustained)
• Lowest pressure	915 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions	39
Total storms	26
Typhoons	12
Super typhoons	6 (unofficial)
Total fatalities	1,255 total
Total damage	$26.78 billion (2024 USD) (Fourth-costliest Pacific typhoon season on record)
Related articles
Timeline of the 2024 Pacific typhoon season 2024 Atlantic hurricane season 2024 Pacific hurricane season 2024 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Pacific typhoon seasons 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026

The 2024 Pacific typhoon season is an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the fifth-latest starting Pacific typhoon season on record, the first season since 2019 to be average in terms of named storms, as well as the deadliest since 2013, and the fourth-costliest Pacific typhoon season on record, mostly due to Yagi. This season saw an unusually active November, with the month seeing 4 tropical cyclones active at the same time. The season runs throughout 2024, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. The season's first named storm, Ewiniar, developed on May 25, and eventually intensified into the first typhoon of the season.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) will name a tropical cyclone if it has 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin. The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N–25°N, regardless of whether or not a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) are given a number with a "W" suffix; W meaning west, a reference to the western Pacific region.

Seasonal forecasts

During the year, several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country. These agencies included the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of University College London, PAGASA, Vietnam's National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting and Taiwan's Central Weather Administration.

Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) released their first forecast on May 7, predicting below average activity with 25 named storms, 15 typhoons and 7 intense typhoons. This was primarily due to the dominant El Niño event at the time, which was expected to transition into a weak or moderate La Niña by mid-2024. TSR released their early July forecast on July 5, where they slightly decreased the amount of storms and typhoons, mentioning the same factors as their previous forecast. On August 7, TSR released their final forecast for the season, retaining the same number of storms. However, they further decreased the predicted ACE index, due to a slow start of the season and decreased tropical activity as of early August. Moreover, with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation being in a negative phase since the beginning of 2020, they also mentioned how this season could become the lowest five-year activity since 1965.

Seasonal summary

Background

Officially, the 2024 Pacific typhoon season so far has thirty-nine tropical depressions form; twenty-five became named storms. Twelve became typhoons, six of which intensified into a super typhoon. This season's ACE index, as of November 16, is approximately 204 units. This number represents sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for all named storms while they are at least tropical storm intensity, divided by 10,000. Therefore, tropical depressions are not included.

Early season activity

The Pacific typhoon season began on May 23, when a tropical storm named Ewiniar formed southeast of Palau, marking it as the fifth-latest start of a Pacific typhoon season since reliable records began. Ewiniar tracked toward the Philippines, where it made nine landfalls in Homonhon Island; Giporlos, Eastern Samar; Basiao Island; Cagduyong Island; Batuan, Masbate; Masbate City; Torrijos, Marinduque; Lucena, Quezon and Patnanungan. It began to move over the warm tropical waters of Lamon Bay, where the JTWC and the JMA upgraded Ewiniar into a minimal typhoon. Ewiniar began transitioning to an extratropical cyclone while it is 719 km (447 mi) east-northeast of Kadena Air Base in Okinawa, Japan. On June 6, another extratropical cyclone would absorb the remnants of Ewiniar, just off the coast of Alaska. On May 30, another tropical depression formed southeast of Haikou, China. The next day, at 03:00 UTC, JTWC designated the disturbance as Tropical Depression 02W. A few hours later, JMA assigned the name Maliksi as they upgraded 02W into a tropical storm. Shortly after being named, on May 31, Maliksi made landfall in Yangjiang, Guangdong. The JMA and JTWC discontinued warnings as Maliksi moved inland and dissipated on June 2. No storms formed in June for the first time since 2010.

After many weeks of inactivity, on July 13, a tropical depression formed east of Vietnam, designated as 03W. Shortly after, it tracked into Vietnam, dissipating soon after. On July 19, two tropical disturbances recognized by the JTWC: one southeast of Manila and another east of Palau. Soon after, both disturbances developed into a depression, being named by PAGASA. The first one, west of Batangas, was named Butchoy while the second, east of Virac, was called Carina. Later that day, the JTWC followed suit, designating them both as depressions, with Butchoy being 04W and Carina as 05W. The next day, the easternmost disturbance, Carina was named Gaemi by the JMA. On July 21, Butchoy also intensified into a tropical storm, receiving the name Prapiroon from the JMA. Prapiroon moved through the South China Sea as a mild tropical storm before landfall over Wanning, Hainan. Prapiroon moved through Gulf of Tonkin, where it further intensified into a severe tropical storm. Early on July 23, Prapiroon made its second and final landfall in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam.

Being in a favorable environment in the Philippine Sea, Gaemi continued to strengthen and became a typhoon, the second to occur this season. Gaemi rapidly intensified into a very strong typhoon, with 10-minute sustained winds of 165 km/h (105 mph). Gaemi stalled and executed a counterclockwise loop near the coast, slightly weakening before making landfall over Hualien, Taiwan. Weakened by the landfalls, the storm accelerated across the island and emerged into the Taiwan Strait, six hours after landfall. The next day, Gaemi made its final landfall at Xiuyu, Putian at Fujian Province as a weakening tropical storm. Moving inland, the storm rapidly weakened until it dissipated on July 27.

Even though Gaemi never made landfall in the Philippines, the storm's moisture would enhance the southwest monsoon. Heavy rainfalls were felt over Luzon and some parts of Visayas, leaving each region flooded. Overall, Gaemi caused 126 fatalities and $2.31 billion worth of damages throughout its track.

Peak season activity

On August 3, a low-pressure area developed east of Kadena Air Base. At 00:00 UTC, JMA recognize the disturbance as a depression. However, it downgraded to a remnant low on August 7. The convection later meandered south of Ryukyu Islands for a few days before JMA reclassified it again as a depression on August 11. JMA issued a gale warning the next day, citing that it would intensify in the following days. JTWC later followed suit and upgraded into a tropical depression, 08W. On August 13, the depression became a tropical storm, receiving the name Ampil from the JMA. Ampil gradually intensified in the Pacific Ocean, becoming a severe tropical storm. JMA upgraded Ampil into a typhoon two days later, and the JTWC classified it as a Category 2-equivalent typhoon. The next day, it strengthened into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon. The typhoon passed just south of Greater Tokyo Area before weakening and transitioning to an extratropical cyclone.

On August 5, a low-pressure area was formed in Bonin Islands. The disturbance was in an environment with low to moderate wind shear and warm SSTs. JTWC later classified the disturbance into a depression the next day, giving the designation 06W. Early on August 8, JMA upgraded the depression into a storm, naming it Maria. The storm further strengthened into a severe tropical storm on the same day. At the same time, JTWC reported that Maria had rapidly intensified into a typhoon due to strong equatorward and poleward outflow. However, on August 9, Maria weakened into a tropical storm as it moved northeastwards. On August 10, another area of low pressure formed just southeast of Maria. The JTWC would classify the disturbance as a subtropical depression in their next bulletin. Despite being in a marginal environment and high wind shear, JMA upgraded into a tropical storm, assigning the name Son-Tinh. The next day, JTWC announced that Son-Tinh became tropical, designating it as 07W. Son-Tinh weakened back into a depression before it dissipated on August 14.

On the morning of August 12, Maria made landfall in Iwate Prefecture as a tropical storm, bringing strong winds and dumping heavy rains in northern Japan. Maria then weakened into a depression after moving inland. The storm entered through the Sea of Japan, weakening further the next day. The JTWC issued its final warning after Maria was last noted west-northwest of Misawa, Japan. JMA continued to track as a depression before they issued their final warning at 04:15 UTC.

Activity became more active when an area of convection was formed on August 12 near the southwest of a nearby storm Son-Tinh. JMA would immediately recognize the disturbance as a depression. The next day, JTWC went to give its identifier of the depression, which was Tropical Depression 09W. Just like Ampil, on August 13, 09W intensified into a tropical storm, attaining the name Wukong from the JMA. Wukong was short-lived due to its poorly organized cloud tops. JTWC made its final warning on Wukong as it moved through cooler waters and dissipated on August 15.

On August 17, JMA recognized a tropical depression that formed east of Taiwan. The next day, PAGASA declared the system a tropical depression, assigning the name Dindo. The depression was named Jongdari three hours later upon formation. JTWC later followed suit and upgraded into a tropical storm, with the designation of 10W. However, it did not last long and weakened into a depression as it nears the Korean Peninsula. On August 21, JMA and JTWC reported that Jongdari had dissipated as its low-level circulation center faded when it moved over land, after Jongdari, a low-pressure area formed in the Northern Mariana Islands on the same day. The system intensified into a tropical storm the next day, and the name Shanshan was picked up by the JMA. JTWC gave the designation of 11W to Shanshan.

Shanshan later strengthened into a Category 1-equivalent typhoon. It remained at that intensity as it battled through wind shear. As it nears the Amami Islands, it strengthened into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon. The approach of the typhoon caused the issuance of a special warning system in Kagoshima Prefecture, the first time issued in the area since Nanmadol of 2022. Around 08:00 JST on August 29, Shanshan made landfall near Satsumasendai, making the third tropical cyclone impact mainland Japan this season. Rapid erosion later ensued as it moved eastward over inland. Shanshan heads over Seto Inland Sea before it makes another landfall in Shikoku on the next day. Shanshan's convection began to be disorganized, causing it to weaken into a remnant low. However, it regained back into a depression as it moved east southeastward through open waters. JMA continued to track Shanshan until it dissipated on September 1.

Nearing the end of August, a tropical disturbance formed near Palau. On the same day, JMA started to issue advisories for the system as a depression. As it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), the agency gave it the name Enteng on the first day of September. JTWC followed suit and was classified as a depression, with its designation of 12W. At 21:00 JST (13:00 UTC), JMA developed into a tropical storm, naming the system Yagi. The storm made its first landfall in Casiguran in the province of Aurora. The mountainous terrain of the Cordillera Central had made Yagi weakened as it moved inland. It left PAR on early September 4 as it continues to intensify in the South China Sea.

Yagi later strengthened into a typhoon due to its highly favorable environmental conditions. The following day, it rapidly intensified, developing a distinct eye and briefly reaching Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status as it approached Hainan. The whole cloud system of Yagi covered the entire South China Sea. Although Yagi slightly weakened, it made its second landfall over Wenchang City in Hainan. The storm then moved over Haikou, China, and continued to make another landfall in Xuwen County, Guangdong. Afterward, Yagi entered the open waters of the Gulf of Tonkin.

Yagi became one of only four Category-5 typhoons recorded in the South China Sea, alongside Pamela (1954), Rammasun (2014), and Rai (2021). It also marked the most powerful typhoon to strike Hainan in autumn since Typhoon Rammasun in 2014. On September 7, Yagi underwent a period of reorganization and regained Category 4 status before making a historic landfall between Haiphong and Quang Ninh in Vietnam. Upon landfall, Yagi became the strongest storm to impact Northern Vietnam. The typhoon then weakened rapidly into a remnant low as it moved inland, dissipating on September 8. Even after dissipation, it still wreaked havoc, bringing heavy floods to Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand.

While Yagi was on its way to making landfall in the Philippines, JTWC announced another formation of a tropical disturbance in the open Pacific Ocean on September 2. JMA also started issuing advisories, and it was recognized as a tropical depression in the same location. Two days later, as JTWC upgraded it into a depression, it received its designation as 13W. A day later, JMA reported that 13W developed into a tropical storm, giving the name Leepi as the twelfth named storm of this season. Leepi then accelerated northeastwards before it became an extratropical cyclone on September 6.

On September 9, a tropical depression formed over the Micronesian Islands. The following day, the JTWC designated it as 14W. As it moved over Guam, 14W intensified into a tropical storm and was named Bebinca by the JMA. Despite encountering dry air, Bebinca strengthened as it began its northwestward movement. At 18:00 PHT on September 13, Bebinca entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility and was named Ferdie by PAGASA. Bebinca later strengthened into a minimal typhoon on the next day. On September 16, Bebinca made landfall in Lingang New City in Shanghai, China as a weakening Category-1 typhoon, and became the strongest typhoon to hit Shanghai since Typhoon Gloria of 1949.

As Bebinca moved toward eastern China, two tropical depressions formed in the Pacific on September 15—one near Guam and another within the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). The JTWC designated the depression near Guam as 15W. It soon intensified into a tropical storm and was named Pulasan by the JMA. The PAR tropical depression was given the name Gener by PAGASA. At 02:00 PHT the following day, Gener landed over Palanan, Isabela. The storm continued to move westward over Northern Luzon, maintaining its strength as a depression. Meanwhile, Pulasan briefly entered the PAR at 18:30 PHT (10:30 UTC) and was assigned the name Helen. On September 18, two disturbances in the South China Sea near 98W and 99W were expected to merge and strengthen at 98W, closer to Vietnam. Shortly after, Gener was upgraded by the JTWC into a tropical depression, getting the designation 16W. On September 19, 16W was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Soulik by the JMA. Soulik made landfall over Vĩnh Linh District, Quảng Trị, in Vietnam. Meanwhile, Pulasan also made landfall over Zhoushan, China, similar to where Bebinca had made landfall three days earlier. After that, it made a second landfall over Shanghai, marking the first time since reliable meteorological records exist that two typhoons make landfall over Shanghai with only two days in between.

On September 20, a low-pressure area formed over Northern Luzon. The JTWC later designated the disturbance as Invest 90W upon its formation. Being inside the PAR, PAGASA initiated advisories and named the system Igme. The JTWC soon upgraded it into a tropical depression, designating it as 17W. Igme later curved southwestwards, passing closely to Taiwan. The storm later dissipated on September 22 after topographical interaction and high vertical wind shear had weakened the system significantly.

Following, on September 24, a tropical depression formed in the Pacific south of Japan. That day, JTWC designated the system as 18W. The following day, the JMA upgraded the depression into a tropical storm, earning the name Cimaron. The storm moved southwestwards, maintaining its intensity. As it moved westwards, Cimaron weakened into a tropical depression as an unfavorable environment hindered any intensification. Cimaron later dissipated on September 27. Shortly later the same day, another low-pressure area formed near the Northern Mariana Islands. Despite being in a marginal environment, the disturbance managed to be organized and designated as 19W by the JTWC. On September 27, the JMA upgraded 19W into a tropical storm, naming it Jebi. At first, Jebi struggled to organize due to the presence of moderate low-level windshear, causing to downgrade Jebi as a depression. However, Jebi redeveloped back into a tropical storm after. The storm continued to organize until it further intensified into a Category-1 typhoon by the JTWC, while JMA only reached the intensity of a severe tropical storm. Jebi later transitioned to an extratropical cyclone, causing both agencies to issue their final warning on October 2.

Shortly after Cimaron weakened into a depression, an area of low pressure formed in the Philippine Sea near extreme Northern Luzon on September 26, PAGASA shortly issued bulletins regarding the disturbance and was named Julian as it developed into a depression. The following day, the JTWC designated Julian as 20W, upgrading it into a tropical depression. On September 28, the JMA upgraded 20W into a tropical storm, naming it Krathon, a replacement name for Mangkhut. It then intensified into a Category-1 typhoon, heading towards Sabtang, Batanes. Shortly after, the typhoon began its rapid intensification and in two days, the system reached its peak intensity equivalent to a Category-4 super typhoon. On October 3, Krathon made landfall over Siaogang District in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The typhoon became the first storm to make landfall in Taiwan's densely populated western plains since Typhoon Thelma in 1977. The storm weakened while moving inland, marking the first time it had happened in Taiwan since Tropical Storm Trami in 2001. The JMA continued to track the system to the South China Sea before it dissipated on October 4.

Late season activity

On October 5, a tropical depression formed near Guam. The following day, the JTWC designated it as 21W. Despite moving through warm waters, high wind shear hindered any further development, causing it to weaken back into a depression. On October 8, the JTWC issued its final warning, with dissipation expected in the next 12 hours. The next day, 21W intensified into a tropical storm, receiving the name Barijat from the JMA. Later in the day, JTWC reissued advisories on Barijat and strengthened into a tropical storm. However, both agencies later made their final warning for the last time as the storm dissipated on October 11.

On October 19, a tropical depression formed nearby Yap. The next day, it was assigned as 22W by the JTWC, acknowledged as a tropical depression. Then, it moved into the PAR and was named Kristine by PAGASA. Soon after, the JMA upgraded it to tropical storm status and was given the name Trami. Many parts of the Philippines were issued wind storm signals prior to its approach to the country. On October 23, Trami later strengthened into a severe tropical storm, causing some northern and central Luzon areas to upgrade to Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal No. 3. At 04:30 UTC the next day, Trami made landfall over the province of Divilacan, Isabela. The following day, Trami emerged above the coastal waters of southern Ilocos Sur, leaving the remnants of a circulation center over Northern Luzon. This caused a lot of areas in the country to bring torrential rains with gusty winds throughout the day.

Trami continued crossing the South China Sea, maintaining severe tropical storm strength. Trami later encountered strong easterly vertical wind shear as it approached the coast of Vietnam. The storm later made another landfall in Da Nang at 10 AM local time on October 27. Trami then moved southwestwards due to weak steering flow before making a U-turn over the coastal regions of Vietnam. Trami later weakened into a low-pressure area before the agencies made its last warning on October 29.

As Trami crossed through the Cordilleras, another tropical disturbance was formed southeast of Guam on October 24. JMA began to track the system thereafter as a tropical depression, with a gale warning also being issued. The next day, JMA upgraded the disturbance into a tropical storm, assigning the name Kong-rey. Since another disturbance was formed as Invest 99W on the northern side, the JTWC canceled warnings on the southern side, designated as 98W and issued Kong-rey at 99W, located in the north side. Kong-rey was later designated as Tropical Depression 23W by the JTWC. The storm entered PAR, receiving the local name Leon. On October 29, Kong-rey started undergoing rapid intensification and became a Category-4 super typhoon the following day. With that, Kong-rey achieved a peak intensify of 1-minute sustained winds of 240 km/h (150 mph) and a central pressure of 925 hPa (27.32 inHg).

Shortly after reaching its peak intensity, Kong-rey started to slightly weaken as it went through eyewall replacement cycle moving northwestwards. The storm later made a historic landfall over Chenggong, Taitung in Taiwan, marking the first major typhoon to make landfall in the country after mid-October, and the largest typhoon to hit since Typhoon Herb of 1996. Kong-rey later reemerged through the Taiwan Strait with a weakened convective structure around the center. Kong-rey weakened and transitioned to an extratropical cyclone over Sasebo, Japan, causing both agencies to cease advisories on November 1.

Just after Kong-rey transitioned to a post-tropical cyclone, an area of low pressure was formed near Palau on November 1. However, JTWC discontinued issuing advisories as unfavorable conditions hindered the development. Two days later, JTWC reissued advisories as signs of organization of the disturbance continued to form. At 14:00 UTC, the JTWC along with JMA upgraded the system to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation Tropical Depression 24W. Later at 18:00 UTC of November 3, 24W intensified into a tropical storm, gaining the name Yinxing by the JMA. Yinxing would enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility, receiving the name Marce by PAGASA. The storm would continue to intensify over the Philippine Sea until the agencies were prompted to classify as a typhoon on the following day. It then reached its peak intensity of a Category-4 typhoon, with 1-minute sustained winds of 230 km/h (145 mph) and a central pressure of 940 hPa (27.76 inHg). Around 3:40 PM PHT (07:40 UTC) of November 7, Yinxing made landfall over Santa Ana, Cagayan. After crossing through Babuyan Channel, the storm made its second landfall over Sanchez Mira, Cagayan. Yinxing slightly weakened into a Category-2 typhoon after making landfall, but eventually regained as a Category-3 typhoon as it reemerged through South China Sea.

On November 8, a tropical disturbance formed east of Southern Luzon. The disturbance was moving westward as it continues to organize itself in a favorable environment. At 8:00 AM PHT (00:30 UTC) of the following day, it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), where it attained the name Nika by PAGASA. Not long after Nika formed, another area of low pressure formed near Marshall Islands on the following day, designated as Invest 93W. The low pressure was also located in a favorable development and low vertical wind shear, causing to issue of a TCFA regarding the disturbance. Hours later, 93W became a tropical depression, giving the identifier 25W. The JTWC also upgraded Nika into a depression, designated as 26W.

Later that day, both depressions strengthened into tropical storms and were named Toraji for 26W and Man-yi for 25W by the JMA. On November 10, Toraji further intensified into a severe tropical storm by the JMA, while JTWC automatically upgraded the system into a Category-1 typhoon as the outer bands of the system continues to tighten up. JMA later followed suit and granted Toraji to intensify into a minimal typhoon before it struck the province of Dilasag, Aurora. It later emerged over South China Sea, just off the coast of Magsingal, Ilocos Sur, with satellite imagery showing a tightly wrapped low-level circulation. As it moved northwestwards, a small patch of deep convection developed over the northern portion of a partially exposed low-level circulation, resulting in the system weakening into a tropical storm on November 11.

Meanwhile, on November 9, a tropical depression formed near Micronesia. The following day the JMA issued a warning on the system. On November 11, the JTWC upgraded it into a tropical depression, designating it as 27W. In early morning the next day, 27W strengthened into a tropical storm, prompting the JMA to name it Usagi. This marks the first time in this basin since reliable meteorological records that four active systems existed simultaneously in November. Meanwhile, Usagi entered Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), getting the name Ofel from PAGASA. Usagi continued to strengthen until it underwent rapid intensification, prompting it to upgrade into a Category-4 super typhoon on November 14. At 1:30 PM PHT (05:30 UTC) of the same day, the storm made landfall over Baggao, Cagayan. Usagi later weakened as the eye began to disappear after having land interaction with the mountains.

Upon giving the name Usagi as 27W, the Northwest Pacific witnessed a historical rarity on November 12, witnessing double typhoons in the South China Sea for the first time since 1992 by Angela and four storms simultaneously active in November since records began in 1951 and the basin for the first time since 1970.

Meanwhile, after Man-yi maintained tropical storm strength for five days, JMA upgraded it into a severe tropical storm as it moved into a more favorable environment. At 20:00 PHT (12:00 UTC) on November 14, Man-yi briefly entered PAR, gaining the name Pepito by PAGASA. Early November 16, Man-yi peaked as a super typhoon, with estimated 1-minute maximum sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a central pressure of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg). At 9:40 PM PHT (05:40 UTC) of the same day, Man-yi made its first landfall over the province of Panganiban, Catanduanes, packing strong winds and heavy rains all over the area. The following day, Man-yi made its second landfall in Dipaculao, Aurora, on Luzon Island at around 3:20 PM PHT (07:20 UTC). The Sierra Madre mountain range caused the eye of the typhoon to close as it rapidly moved inland. Man-yi later accelerated northwestward over the South China Sea, weakening into a severe tropical storm. It then continued to deteriorate as it moved through increased vertical wind shear. JTWC issued its final warning on Man-yi on November 19 as the system weakened to a tropical depression, while the JMA continued to monitor it until it was last noted at 06:00 UTC on the following day.

After weeks of inactivity, on December 17, a low-pressure area was formed southeast of Mindanao. The next day, the disturbance entered PAR, where it became a depression. It was later given the local name Querubin by PAGASA, the replacement name for Quinta. Although in a favorable environment, Querubin struggled to organize itself due to its movement, which tried to move closely inland, hindering its development. With JTWC, the TCFA was initiated twice, citing a high chance of development, however, as it crossed between Visayas and Mindanao, PAGASA issued its final warning for Querubin on December 18 as it downgraded into a well-marked disturbance. JTWC continued to monitor Querubin despite being downgraded to low chance, but it eventually ceased bulletins the next day after the agency last noted as a disturbance.

On December 20, a tropical disturbance developed over the northeast of Malaysia, designated as 98W. The low-pressure area had brought gusty conditions to Sarawak, Sabah, and Brunei throughout the formation. The next day, the JTWC issued a TCFA warning, citing a high chance of development. However, another disturbance, designated as 99W was also present in the basin. This caused JTWC to downgrade 98W to a low chance and instead give bulletins at 99W. Despite not being present inside PAR, PAGASA named the disturbance Romina as it threatens the Kalayaan Islands. The JTWC later designated Romina as 28W. Hours later, JMA upgraded 28W into a tropical storm, assigning the name Pabuk.

Systems

Typhoon Ewiniar (Aghon)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	May 23 – May 30
Peak intensity	140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min); 970 hPa (mbar)

On May 21, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began tracking an area of atmospheric convection 441 km (274 mi) southeast of Palau, noting that the system was moving northwestward towards an environment favorable for tropical cyclogenesis. By May 23, the disturbance became a tropical depression. The depression would later enter PAR, assigning the name Aghon, a replacement name for Ambo. At 18:00 UTC, the JTWC designated the depression as 01W, based on surface observations from Guiuan. Aghon made landfall over Homonhon Island and subsequently Giporlos, Eastern Samar in the early morning of May 25 (PHT). It made five more landfalls over Basiao and Cagduyong Islands of Catbalogan; Batuan in Ticao Island; Masbate City; and Torrijos, Marinduque. At 12:00 UTC, 01W intensified into a tropical storm while it was still in Tayabas Bay, prompted the JMA to name the storm as Ewiniar. In the morning of May 26 (PHT), the storm made its eighth landfall over Lucena, Quezon in Luzon island. Ewiniar later intensified into a typhoon over Lamon Bay The storm made its final landfall over Patnanungan in the Polillo Islands. The typhoon left the PAR on May 29 and continued to weaken due to subsidence around the mid-latitude. On May 30, Ewiniar transitioned into an extratropical cyclone south-southwest of Yokosuka, Japan. Then at 18:00 UTC on May 31, Ewiniar entered the baroclinic zone and an area of high wind shear.

Typhoon Ewiniar resulted in ₱1.03 billion (US$20.88 million) in total damages in the Philippines, with ₱85.63 million (US$1.74 million) to agriculture and ₱942.55 million (US$19.14 million) to infrastructure, while also causing six deaths, injuring eight people, and impacting around 152,266 others. In Japan, heavy rainfall was observed in several regions, with a maximum of 52.5 mm (2.07 in) of rain being recorded in Miyake, Tokyo.

Tropical Storm Maliksi

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	May 30 – June 2
Peak intensity	65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min); 998 hPa (mbar)

On May 29, the JTWC began tracking an area of convection located 406 km (252 mi) southeast of Haikou, China. Being in an area of warm waters and low vertical shear and having southerly outflow, the system sustained a weak circulation, inhibited from development by another area of convection near Mainland China. It was recognized as a low-pressure area by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) early the next day, before the agency upgraded it to a tropical depression at 06:00 UTC. Later that day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) on the depression since it had rapidly developed. At 00:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded the system into a tropical depression, designating it as 02W. Later, the JMA upgraded it into a tropical storm, and it was given the name Maliksi. However, the JTWC reported that it did not intensify into a tropical storm as it was disorganized, with the circulation elongating. At 21:00 UTC on May 31, the JTWC discontinued warnings on the system as it made landfall in Yangjiang, Guangdong. Soon after, the JMA last noted Maliksi as a depression on June 1 before weakening further into a low-pressure area the next day, as it tracked inland.

On May 30, the Hong Kong Observatory issued a No. 1 standby signal as the depression neared Hong Kong. The next day, it upgraded the warnings into a No. 3 Strong Wind signal. Although it was likely to not directly affect Taiwan, the Central Weather Administration noted that Maliksi's remnants were likely to merge with a frontal system and bring heavy rains to Taiwan over the weekend. In Macau, the storm caused unstable weather, with the Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau issuing Typhoon Signal No. 3. In China, torrential rainfall occurred, peaking at 272.3 mm (10.72 in) somewhere in the Leizhou Peninsula. Additionally, heavy rain was recorded in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

Tropical Depression 03W

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	July 13 – July 15
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min); 1000 hPa (mbar)

On July 13, the JTWC began tracking an area of convection 423 mi (682 km) east-southeast of Da Nang, Vietnam. At the time, the disturbance was in a marginal environment for development, with high vertical wind shear offsetting good divergence aloft alongside warm sea surface temperatures. At 06:00 UTC of that day, the JMA designated the system as a tropical depression. The JTWC then issued a TCFA on the system the next day, noting its symmetrical center had improved as it moves northwest, though convection was disorganized. By 18:00 UTC the next day, the JTWC upgraded the system into a tropical depression, designating it 03W. However, they issued their last warning on the depression early the next day as it moved over Vietnam and rapidly weakened. Later that day, the JMA stopped tracking the depression as it dissipated.

Typhoon Gaemi (Carina)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	July 19 – July 29
Peak intensity	165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min); 935 hPa (mbar)

On July 17, the JMA reported that a low-pressure area had formed east of Palau. Shortly after, both the JMA and the JTWC followed suit and upgraded the tropical depression, with the latter designating the system as 05W. The PAGASA followed suit a few hours later, recognizing the system as a tropical depression and naming it Carina. Early the next day, the depression intensified into a tropical storm, and was given the name Gaemi by the JMA. Due to a weak steering environment between the subtropical ridge to the northwest and east, the JTWC upgraded Gaemi to minimal typhoon around 21:00 UTC that day. On July 24, Gaemi later rapidly intensified and peaked at Category 4-equivalent intensity on the Saffir-Simpson scale at 21:00 UTC on 23 July, with 1-minute sustained winds of 230 km/h (145 mph) by the JTWC, 10-minute sustained winds of 165 km/h (105 mph) by the JMA, and a central pressure of 935 hPa (27.61 inHg). After stalling and executing a tight counter-clockwise loop near the coast, Gaemi slightly weakened into a below-equivalent typhoon status due to land interaction before it made landfall on the northeastern coast of Taiwan on July 24. Gaemi accelerated as it moved across the island and emerged into the Taiwan Strait just six hours after making landfall. Soon after, the JTWC ceased issuing advisories on the system as it made its final landfall at Xiuyu, Putian in Fujian Province. Once inland, the JMA downgraded Gaemi into a tropical depression on July 26 and continued tracking the system until it dissipated at 18:00 UTC of July 29.

The southwest monsoon, combined with Tropical Storm Prapiroon, brought heavy rains to southern and northern Luzon, triggering widespread flash floods that resulted in at least 126 deaths and caused damage estimated at US$2.31 billion across several countries.

Severe Tropical Storm Prapiroon (Butchoy)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	July 20 – July 25
Peak intensity	100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min); 985 hPa (mbar)

On July 15, the JTWC started to monitor a persistent area of convection roughly 623 km (385 mi) southeast of Manila, Philippines. At that time, the disturbance was in a favorable environment for development, with warm 29–30 °C (84–86 °F), sea surface temperatures, low wind shear and good equatorial outflow. At 06:00 UTC the same day, the JMA designated the system as a low-pressure area. Shortly after, the JMA designated it as a tropical depression. The PAGASA declared the system a tropical depression a few hours later. Since the storm formed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the agency named it Butchoy. The JTWC began issuing advisories on the system, classifying it as 04W. It intensified into a tropical storm and was named Prapiroon by the JMA on July 21. The center of Prapiroon made landfall near Wanning, Hainan, with 1-minute sustained winds of 95 km/h (60 mph) on July 22. After making landfall, the storm maintained its well-defined eye while moving across central Hainan. Prapiroon soon encountered high wind shear and a dry environment, and by 6:30 a.m. local time on July 23, it made its second landfall in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam. After the system moved inland, both the JMA and the JTWC ceased monitoring it on July 24.

Typhoon Gaemi and Prapiroon, along with its precursor, significantly impacted the southwest monsoon over the Philippines, leading to heavy rainfall that caused 23 deaths, 9 people missing, and US$32.9 million in damages across several countries.

Severe Tropical Storm Maria

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 5 – August 14
Peak intensity	100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min); 980 hPa (mbar)

On August 5, the JMA stated that a tropical depression had formed. Later that day, the JTWC began tracking it, noting the depression was in an environment with low to moderate wind shear, warm sea surface temperatures, and good equatorward outflow aloft. At 09:00 UTC on August 6, the JTWC issued a TCFA on the disturbance, which was located 423 mi (682 km) north-northwest of Iwo Jima, along the eastern periphery of the monsoon gyre, prior to it being designated as 06W. The development of a central dense overcast and a ragged eye feature signified its intensification into a tropical storm, leading the JMA to name it Maria on August 7. Maria then turned northeastward, and intensified into a severe tropical storm on August 8 due to a favorable environment for development. Concurrently, the JTWC then reported that Maria had rapidly intensified into a minimal typhoon due to strong equatorward and poleward outflow. However, Maria's wind field became more asymmetric, with its associated convection shifting northward, causing Maria to weaken into a tropical storm on August 9. Around 00:00 UTC on August 12, the storm made landfall Ōfunato, a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan with winds of 85 km/h (50 mph) before traversing northern Honshu and emerging into the Sea of Japan. The JMA continued to monitor the system until it was last noted at 18:00 UTC on August 14.

Record-breaking rainfall in Iwate Prefecture, with 19 inches (482.6 mm) in Kuji and 12.6 inches (320.0 mm) in Otsuchi—nearly double the average for August—led to controlled releases from the Taki Dam in Kuji, necessitating the evacuation of 8,300 people and the issuance of the highest evacuation alert level, though no damage or injuries were reported in association with Maria.

Tropical Storm Son-Tinh

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	August 10 – August 14
Peak intensity	75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min); 994 hPa (mbar)

On August 10, the JMA noted that a tropical depression had formed southeast of Severe Tropical Storm Maria. A few hours later, the JTWC began tracking the system, noting that it could transition into a tropical cyclone despite intense wind shear. Early the next day, they noted that the depression had transitioned into a subtropical cyclone. As a result, a few hours later, the JMA named it Son-Tinh. The next day, the JTWC noted that it had transitioned into a tropical storm, designating it 07W. Soon after, the low-level circulation center became fully exposed with no deep convection existing near the center. On August 13, Son-Tinh turned northwest along the western edge of a subtropical ridge. Both the JMA and the JTWC stopped monitoring it as a tropical depression that day, though the JMA continued to track it until it was last noted the following day.

Typhoon Ampil

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 11 – August 19
Peak intensity	155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min); 950 hPa (mbar)

On August 3, the JTWC began tracking an area of convection 976 km (606 mi) east of Kadena Air Base on August 3. At 18:00 UTC the same day, the JMA designated the system as a low-pressure area. However, the following day, the system was upgraded to a tropical depression. The depression weakened and was last noted by the JMA on August 7. The disturbance later meandered south of the Ryukyu Islands for a few days before it was re-designated by the JMA as a tropical depression on August 11. A few hours later, they recognized the system as a tropical depression, designating it as 08W. Soon after, the JMA noted that it had intensified into a tropical storm and named it Ampil. The JMA then reported that Ampil had intensified into a typhoon due to warm sea surface temperatures and low vertical wind shear on August 15. The JMA reported that Ampil reached its peak intensity at 12:00 UTC that day with 10-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph) and a central pressure of 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) before making its closest approach to Japan, and transitioned into an extratropical low on August 19.

Ampil brought strong winds and coastal waves to western Alaska, while Tokyo experienced minimal damage according to NHK, although Kanagawa Prefecture saw several injuries; the remnants of Ampil also contributed to an atmospheric river as its moist core flowed into a low-pressure system, ultimately being absorbed into the Pacific jet stream and anticipated to impact California.

Tropical Storm Wukong

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	August 11 – August 16
Peak intensity	65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min); 1002 hPa (mbar)

On 12 August, the JMA noted that a tropical depression formed southwest of Tropical Storm Son-Tinh. A few hours later, strong convection south of the system's low-level circulation center consolidated, which prompted the JTWC to issue a TCFA for the disturbance. Soon after, they recognized the system as a tropical depression, designating it as 09W. Satellite imagery revealed that a central dense overcast obscured the center, leading to the depression strengthening into a tropical storm named Wukong by the JMA, although moderate vertical wind shear displaced the deep convection to the southeast. Wukong then shifted northwestward, following the eastern edge of a subtropical ridge, while also being affected by the shear and outflow from Typhoon Ampil to the southwest. On August 15, both the JMA and the JTWC ceased monitoring the system, with the JMA reporting that Wukong had transitioned into an extratropical low due to moderate vertical wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.

Tropical Storm Jongdari (Dindo)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	August 18 – August 22
Peak intensity	75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min); 996 hPa (mbar)

On August 17, a low-pressure area east of Taiwan developed into a tropical depression. Soon after the development of a low-level circulation center and deep convection, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the disturbance. A few hours later, PAGASA declared the system a tropical depression and named it Dindo, while the JMA reported it had intensified into a tropical storm and named it Jongdari, and the following day, the JTWC recognized it and designated it as 10W. Jongdari became devoid of convection as it was displaced from its exposed low-level circulation center and turned north-northeastward along the western edge of a subtropical ridge. Jongdari then weakened as it moved into the Yellow Sea and made landfall over the Korean Demilitarized Zone on August 20 before emerging into the Sea of Japan. The JTWC assessed the cyclone as having dissipated and ceased issuing advisories on the system, while the JMA continued to monitor the system until it was last noted on August 21.

In some parts of the southern islands of Jeju, Jongdari accumulated 60–130 millimetres (2.4–5.1 in) of rain as it moved closer to the coast. One person was killed as a result of Jongdari, when a 60-year-old man drowned in a port located on Heuksando, Sinan County. He was a 43-ton fishing boat crew member that docked in the port to seek refuge from the storm.

Typhoon Shanshan

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 20 – September 1
Peak intensity	175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min); 935 hPa (mbar)

On August 20, the JMA reported that a low-pressure area had formed near the Mariana Islands. At midnight on August 21, both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded the tropical depression, with the latter designating the system as 11W. Shortly after, the depression intensified into a tropical storm and was named Shanshan by the JMA due to low vertical wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures. A ragged eye-like feature appeared on satellite imagery, and on August 24, both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded it to a minimal typhoon. The JMA reported that Shanshan reached its peak intensity at 15:00 UTC on August 27, with 10-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (110 mph) and a central pressure of 935 hPa (27.61 inHg). Shanshan then turned northward and made landfall near Satsumasendai in Kagoshima Prefecture on August 29. It then turned eastward along the northern periphery of a subtropical high, quickly crossed the Seto Inland Sea, and made landfall over the northern tip of Shikoku on August 30. Shanshan's circulation later diminished as its LLCC became disorganized. However, convection slightly increased after six hours as Shanshan's circulation moved back over open water and began moving east-southeastward, causing to regenerate back to a depression. The JMA continued to monitor the system until it dissipated at 18:00 UTC that day.

The JMA issued special weather warnings for Kagoshima Prefecture, marking the first such emergency alert since Typhoon Nanmadol in 2022. Shanshan caused six fatalities and damaged hundreds of structures throughout Japan. In response to the severe weather, evacuation orders were issued for 996,299 people in Miyazaki Prefecture and 982,273 people in Kagoshima Prefecture.

Typhoon Yagi (Enteng)

Violent typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	August 31 – September 9
Peak intensity	195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min); 915 hPa (mbar)

On August 30, the JMA reported the formation of a low-pressure area approximately 540 km (330 mi) northwest of Palau. This broad low-pressure system began to organize and developed into a tropical depression on August 31. The following day, PAGASA designated the system as a tropical depression and named it Enteng, as it formed within the Philippine Area of Responsibility. Shortly after, the system was classified as Tropical Depression 12W. As it intensified into a tropical storm, the JMA named it Yagi. At 14:00 PHT (06:00 UTC) on September 2, Yagi made landfall in Casiguran, Aurora. Early the next day, both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded the storm to a typhoon as satellite imagery revealed the formation of an eye. On September 5, Yagi reached peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon, with 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a central pressure of 915 mbar (27.0 inHg). It made landfall in Wenchang City, Hainan, and passed directly over Haikou, China, before moving into the open waters of the Gulf of Tonkin and making landfall over Xuwen County in Guangdong. On September 7, Yagi reorganized and restrengthened into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon before making its final landfall over Haiphong and Quảng Ninh, Vietnam. It continued to weaken rapidly as it moved southwest along the southeastern edge of a mid-level subtropical high, becoming a tropical depression on September 8. The JMA monitored Yagi until it was last noted at 18:00 UTC that day.

Yagi, combined with the effects of the southwest monsoon, resulted in at least 21 deaths, 22 injuries and 26 missing people in the Philippines. Yagi also caused extensive damages, landslides and floods in Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar and left 815 people dead.

Tropical Depression Hone

Tropical depression (JMA)
Subtropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	September 1 (Entered basin) – September 8
Peak intensity	55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min); 1004 hPa (mbar)

On September 1 at 21:00 UTC, the remnants of Hurricane Hone moved into the basin from the Central Pacific about 280 km (150 nmi; 175 mi) to the southwest of Midway Atoll, where it was classified as a tropical depression by the JMA and as a subtropical depression by the JTWC the next day. Soon after, Hone began exhibiting a highly asymmetric convective structure, characterized by convective bands encircling a broad center, while being located under a deep subtropical trough with low to moderate vertical wind shear. The JTWC stopped tracking it on September 4, determining the system had dissipated, while the JMA continued to maintain Hone as a depression until it was last noted by the agency at 06:00 UTC on September 8.

Tropical Storm Leepi

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	September 1 – September 7
Peak intensity	65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min); 1002 hPa (mbar)

On September 2, the Japan Meteorological Agency noted that a tropical depression had formed over the open Pacific. Despite unfavorable conditions, JTWC later issued a TCFA warning, citing that it will intensify in the upcoming days. Two days later, the JTWC designated the system as Tropical Depression 13W. A day later, JMA reported that it intensified into a tropical storm, assigning the name Leepi. Although the storm was in a high wind shear and unfavorable environment, Leepi continued to maintain that intensity as it accelerated northeastward. Satellite imagery depicted that the low-level circulation center (LLCC) of Leepi passed under strong upper-level southwesterly flow, indicated by a broad region of cirrus streamers. The storm did not last long, and JTWC later announced its final warning on September 6 as the system transitioned to an extratropical cyclone. The JMA later followed suit and issued its final advisory on 18:00 UTC of September 6.

Typhoon Bebinca (Ferdie)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration	September 9 – September 18
Peak intensity	140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min); 965 hPa (mbar)

On September 5, the JTWC noted an area of atmospheric convection 385 km (239 mi) east-northeast of Kosrae. At 02:30 UTC on September 9, the JTWC issued a TCFA, noting that the system had become well-defined with formative banding in the eastern quadrants. A few hours later, both the JMA and the JTWC followed suit and upgraded the tropical depression, with the latter designating the system as 14W. On September 10, the depression intensified into a tropical storm and was named Bebinca by the JMA. By 06:00 PHT (10:00 UTC) on September 13, Bebinca had entered the PAR and was subsequently named Ferdie by the PAGASA, but just a few hours later, it exited the PAR. The JMA reported that Bebinca reached its peak intensity at 00:00 UTC on September 15 with 10-minute sustained winds of 140 km/h (85 mph) and a central pressure of 965 hPa (28.50 inHg), before eventually peaking at Category 1-equivalent intensity on the Saffir-Simpson scale with 1-minute sustained winds of 140 km/h (85 mph). On September 16, at around 07:30 CST, Bebinca made landfall in Lingang New City, Shanghai, China. Shortly after landfall, the JTWC discontinued warnings on the system. Inland, Bebinca quickly diminished to a severe tropical storm due to land interaction, with the JMA tracking the system until it was last noted on September 18.

Bebinca became the second storm to hit China within a few weeks, following Typhoon Yagi's landfall on Hainan Island in the southern part of the country. At least 30,000 households lost power. Four homes were damaged, over 10,000 trees were damaged or uprooted and 53 hectares (132 acres) of farmland were flooded. In China, two people were killed, while one person was injured. The storm also left six people dead, eleven others injured and two people missing in the Philippines.

Tropical Storm Soulik (Gener)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Duration	September 15 – September 20
Peak intensity	65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min); 992 hPa (mbar)

On September 14, the JMA reported that a low-pressure area had formed approximately 596 km (371 mi) east-northeast of Manila, Philippines. At 00:00 UTC on September 15, the JMA identified the system as a tropical depression. On September 16, the PAGASA announced that the system had developed into a tropical depression and named Gener, as it formed within the PAR. At 23:00 PHT (15:00 UTC) of the same day, the storm made landfall in Palanan, Isabela. As it emerged over the South China Sea at 14:00 PHT (06:00 UTC) on the next day, the system displayed a broad disorganized low-level circulation. On September 18, the JTWC canceled their TCFA due to an obscured low-level circulation with flaring convection, while the depression had drifted into an area of moderate vertical wind shear. Earlier, two disturbances in the South China Sea near 98W and 99W were expected to merge and strengthen at 98W, closer to Vietnam, and shortly after, the system was classified as tropical depression 16W Early the following day, the depression intensified into a tropical storm named Soulik, according to the JMA, while heading towards the northern coast of Vietnam, though it was gradually weakening. Soulik made landfall in Vĩnh Linh District, Quảng Trị, Vietnam, at around 2 p.m. local time that day, Soulik quickly weakened to a tropical depression due to land interaction, and the JMA continued to monitor the system until it dissipated on September 20.

Heavy rain and flooding in Central Vietnam caused by Soulik killed three people in Nghe An and injured one person in Thua Thien Hue.

Tropical Storm Pulasan (Helen)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration	September 15 – September 21
Peak intensity	85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min); 992 hPa (mbar)