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{{Short description|American national security analyst (1939–2024)}}
Professor '''Anthony H. Cordesman''' holds the ] Chair in Strategy at the ] and is an analyst for ] on a number of global conflicts. He has occasionally criticized the ] Administration's efforts in both Iraq and Afghanistan.
{{sources|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Anthony Cordesman
|image = Anthony Cordesman by Gage Skidmore.jpg
|caption = Cordesman in 2011
|birth_date = {{birth date|1939|08|01}}
|birth_place = ], U.S.
|death_date = {{death date and age|2024|01|29|1939|08|01}}
|death_place = ], U.S.<ref> ''The Washington Post'', accessed March 18, 2024.</ref>
|education =
{{plainlist |
* ]
}}
|organization = ]
|occupation = National security analyst}}


'''Anthony H. Cordesman''' (August 1, 1939 – January 29, 2024) was an American national security analyst. He held the ] Chair in Strategy at the ] (CSIS) and was a national security analyst on a number of global conflicts.
Cordesman has authored a wide range of studies of U.S. security policy, energy policy, and Middle East policy. He is a former National Security Assistant to ] ], and served in the ] and ], and has served "extensively in ] and the ]."


==Life and career==
He has written more than 50 books, including:
Cordesman earned his B.A. from the ] (1960), his M.A. from the ], Tufts University (1961), and his Ph.D. from the ] (1963).
* ''Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War''
* ''Iran’s Military Forces and Warfighting Capabilities''
* ''Iraqi Force Development: Conditions for Success, Consequences of Failure''
* ''Salvaging American Defense'' (with the assistance of Paul Fredriksen and William Sullivan)
* ''Chinese Military Modernization: Force Development and Strategic Capabilities'' (with Martin Kleiber)
* ''Gulf Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Warfare'' (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan)
* ''The Changing Dynamics of Energy in the Middle East'' (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan)
* ''Arab-Israeli Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars''
* ''Terrorism, Asymmetric Warfare, and Weapons of Mass Destruction''
* ''Cyberthreats, Information Warfare, and Critical Infrastructure Protection: Defending the US Homeland''
* ''Strategic Threats and National Missile Defenses''
* ''The Lessons and Non-Lessons of the Air and Missile Campaign in Kosovo''
* ''Peace and War: The Arab-Israeli Military Balance enters the 21st Century''
* ''A Tragedy of Arms: Military and Security Developments in the Maghreb''
* ''Transnational Threats from the Middle East''
* ''Saudi Arabia: Guarding the Desert Kingdom''
* ''US Forces in the Middle East: Resources and Capabilities''


At CSIS, he was the director of the Gulf Net Assessment Project and the Gulf in Transition study, and Principal Investigator of the CSIS Homeland Defense Project. He directed the Middle East Net Assessment Program, acted as co-director of the Strategic Energy Initiative, and directed the project on Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century. He was the author of a wide range of studies of energy policy, and wrote extensively on oil and energy risks and issues, and is the co-author of ''The Global Oil Market: Risks and Uncertainties, CSIS, 2006''. He was a Professor of ] Studies at ] and fellow at the ] at the Smithsonian Institution.<ref name="csis.org">, CSIS website; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref><ref>{{Dead link|date=September 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, abc.net.au, 2005; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref><ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720075343/http://www.saudi-american-forum.org/articles/2004/040201-us-saudi.html |date=July 20, 2008 }}, saudi-american-forum.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref>
He has been awarded the Department of Defense ].


Cordesman served as national security assistant to Senator ] of the ] and as civilian assistant to the ]. He was also a past director of intelligence assessment in the ].<ref name="csis.org"/> He directed the analysis of the lessons of the ] for the Secretary of Defense in 1974, coordinating the U.S. military, intelligence, and civilian analysis of the conflict. He was awarded the ].<ref name="csis.org"/>
== Criticism ==
Cordesman's work has been called "prolific," but "imprecise," and he has been accused of presenting "opinions... as fact, " of "sloppiness with sources and citations," and of producing books that read "like a notebook with facts and figures cut-and-pasted, then poorly integrated into the narrative." .


Cordesman visited and lectured in Asia from the 1960s, and was a senior advisor to the U.S.-Asia Institute. He was a guest lecturer in China on energy and Middle East security for the State Department in 2007. He was the co-author of ''Chinese Military Modernization: Force Development and Strategic Capabilities, CSIS, Washington, 2007''.<!-- ISBN needed -->
In an article in the ], ] criticized Cordesman's analysis for relying entirely on Israeli military sources, while ignoring the statements of the United Nations and all Human Rights organizations, including B’Tselem.<ref>http://www.counterpunch.org/finkelstein02192009.html</ref>


Cordesman also served in other government positions, including at the ], ], and director of International Staff at ]. He carried assignments posts in the United Kingdom, Lebanon, Egypt, Iran, Turkey and ], and worked in Saudi Arabia.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330115352/http://www.saudi-us-relations.org/experts/cordesman.html |date=March 30, 2009 }}, saudi-us-relations.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref>
Finkelstein dismisses Cordesman's analysis as "preposterous", "barely literate" and "unlikely to fool anyone". Furthermore, Finkelstein claims that Cordesman "did his best to please" his sponsers for the analysis, the American Jewish Committee which Finkelstein claims "plainly got its money’s worth from him" .


Cordesman authored over 50 books on U.S. security policy, military strategy, energy policy, and the ]. He was also a long-term contributor to the American hi-fi magazine, '']''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Pearson|first1=Harry|title=The Absolute Sound|journal=The High End Journal|date=Feb 1992|volume=16|issue=77|page=1}}</ref>
== Books and monographs ==
# Chinese Military Modernization: Force Development and Strategic Capabilities, (with Martin Kleiber), CSIS, Washington, 2007
# Iraqi Force Development: Conditions for Success, Consequences of Failure, CSIS, Washington, 2007
# Lessons of the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War, (with George Sullivan and William Sullivan) CSIS, Washington, 2007
# Gulf Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Warfare, Volume I: Overview and Northern Gulf, (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan) Praeger, Westport, 2007
# Gulf Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Warfare, Volume II: GCC & Southern Gulf, (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan)Praeger, Westport, 2007
# The Changing Dynamics of Energy in the Middle East, Volume I: Geopolitics and Geoeconomics of Middle East Energy, (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan), Westport, 2006.
# The Changing Dynamics of Energy in the Middle East, Volume II: Developments by Subregion and Country, (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan), Westport, 2006
# Arab-Israeli Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars, Praeger, Westport, 2006.
#Iran’s Weapons of Mass Destruction (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan), Washington, CSIS, 2006.
# The Global Oil Market: Risks and Uncertainties, (with Khalid R. Al-Rodhan), Washington, CSIS, 2005
# The Challenge of Biological Terrorism, Washington, CSIS, 2005
# The Israeli-Palestinian War; Escalating to Nowhere:, Washington, CSIS/Praeger, 2005
# National Security in Saudi Arabia, with Nawaf Obaid, Washington, CSIS/Praeger, 2005
# Iraqi Security Forces; A Strategy for Success, Washington, CSIS/Praeger, 2005
# Iran’s Developing Military Capabilities, Washington, CSIS, 2005
# The Military Balance in the Middle East, Washington, CSIS/Praeger, 2004
# Energy Developments Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success in the Middle East, Washington, CSIS/Praeger, 2004
# The War After the War: Strategic Lessons of Iraq and Afghanistan, CSIS, Washington, June 2004.
# The Iraq War: Strategy, Tactics, and Military Lessons, Praeger/CSIS, Westport/Washington, October 2003.
# Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century: The Military Dimension, Praeger/Greenwood, Westport, June 2003
# Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century: Energy Politics, Economics, and Security in the Middle East, Praeger/Greenwood, Westport, June 2003
# The Lessons of Afghanistan, CSIS, Washington 2002
# Iraq’s Military Capabilities in 2002: A Dynamic Net Assessment, Washington, CSIS, September 2002.
# Strategic Threats and National Missile Defenses: Defending the US Homeland, Westport, Praeger, 2002
# A Tragedy of Arms: Military and Security Developments in the Maghreb, Westport, Praeger, 2001
# Peace and War: The Arab-Israeli Military Balance Enters the 21st Century, Westport, Praeger, 2001
# Terrorism, Asymmetric Warfare, and Weapons of Mass Destruction: Defending the US Homeland, Westport, Praeger, 2001
# Cyberthreats, Information Warfare, and Critical Infrastructure Protection: Defending the US Homeland, with Justin Cordesman, Westport, Praeger, 2001
# The Lessons and Non-Lessons of the Air and Missile Campaign in Kosovo, Westport, Praeger/Greenwood, 2000.
# Transnational Threats from the Middle East, US Army War College, Carlyle, 1999
# Iraq and the War of the Sanctions: Conventional Threats and Weapons of Mass Destruction, Praeger, New York, 1999.
# Iran in Transition: Conventional Threats and Weapons of Mass Destruction, Praeger, New York, 1999
# Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and the UAE: Challenges of Security, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# Kuwait: Recovery and Security After the Gulf War, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# Saudi Arabia: Guarding the Desert Kingdom, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# US Forces in the Middle East: Resources and Capabilities, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# Iran: Dilemmas of Dual Containment, with Ahmed Hashim, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# Iraq: Sanctions and Beyond, with Ahmed Hashim, Westview, Boulder, 1997
# Perilous Prospects: The Peace Process and Arab-Israeli Balance, Westview, Boulder, 1996
# The Lessons of Modern War: Volume Four - The Gulf War, with Abraham R. Wagner, Westview, Boulder, 1995
# Iran and Iraq: The Threat from the Northern Gulf, Westview, Boulder, 1994
# US Defense Policy: Resources and Capabilities, London, RUSI Whitehall Series, 1993
# After the Storm: The Changing Military Balance in the Middle East, Boulder, Westview, 1993
# Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East, Brassey’s, London, 1991
# The Lessons of Modern War: Volume One - The Arab-Israeli Conflicts, with Abraham R. Wagner, Westview, Boulder, 1990.
# The Lessons of Modern War: Volume Two - The Iran-Iraq Conflict, with Abraham R. Wagner, Westview, Boulder, 1990.
# The Lessons of Modern War: Volume Three - The Afghan and Falklands Conflicts, with Abraham R. Wagner, Westview, Boulder, 1990.
# The Gulf and the West, Boulder, Westview, 1988
# NATO Central Region Forces, RUSI/Jane’s, London, 1987
# The Iran-Iraq War and Western Security, 1984-1987, RUSI/Jane’s, London, 1987
# The Arab-Israeli Balance and the Art of Operations, American Enterprise Institute (AEI)/ University Press of America, Washington, D.C., 1986
# Western Strategic Interests and Saudi Arabia, Croom Helm, London, 1986
# The Gulf and the Search for Strategic Stability, Westview, Boulder, 1984
# Jordanian Arms and the Middle East Balance, Middle East Institute, Washington, 1983
# Deterrence in the 1980s, Extended '']'', ], London, 1982
# Imbalance of Power, Shifting U.S.-Soviet Military Strengths, with John M. Collins, Presidio, Monterey, 1978
=== Audio reviews ===
Cordesman has also reviewed a variety of ] equipment for '']'' and ''].''<ref>http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Anthony_H._Cordesman#Other_Affiliations</ref>
== References ==


Cordesman died on January 29, 2024, at the age of 84.<ref>{{cite journal |title=In Memoriam: Anthony H. Cordesman |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/memoriam-anthony-h-cordesman |website=CSIS |date=29 January 2024 |access-date=30 January 2024}}</ref>
<references/>


==Gaza War analysis==
== External links ==
On February 2, 2009, Cordesman published an analysis of the ]. The report relied on Israeli briefings before and after the conflict, including visits to the Israeli Defense Spokesman, interviews with Arab officials, and experts. The report analyzes the views and reactions of Arabs, but emphasized that ] has not provided more than "minimal details on the fighting, other than ideological and propaganda statements". Cordesman pointed out improvements in the capability of the ] since the fighting against ]. He believed the military used "decisive force" against legitimate targets, and that the killing of civilians (including women, children, and the elderly), along with other human rights abuses, was justified by Israel's strategic, economic, and political gains.<ref>, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref><ref>, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref>


Cordesman's analysis also claimed that Israel did not violate the laws of war.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}} ] wrote that this lacked credibility because it relied solely on information from the ] while ignoring reports from the ], NGOs and other News media reports.<ref>{{cite book | last=Finkelstein | first=Norman| authorlink=Norman Finkelstein | title=Gaza: An Inquest Into Its Martyrdom | publisher=University of California Press | year=2021 | isbn=978-0-520-31833-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xnI-EAAAQBAJ | access-date=June 20, 2024|pages=39–44}}</ref>
*
*
*http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Anthony_H._Cordesman


==War in Iraq and Afghanistan==
Cordesman criticized the ] Administration's efforts in both the ] and ].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cordesman |first=Anthony D. |date=2008-03-16 |title=Opinion {{!}} Worse Than Lyndon Johnson's Team? |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/16/opinion/16cordesman.html |access-date=2023-02-03 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Anthony H. Cordesman - Two Winnable Wars |newspaper=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218080741/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/22/AR2008022202176.html |archive-date=2021-12-18 |url-status=live |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/22/AR2008022202176.html}}</ref> According to an article in '']'', Cordesman was said to have been only "48 per cent" convinced on the need to invade Iraq in 2003, but contended that "concerns over ] ] were valid". He considered the then current "chaos" in Iraq as the result of "pre-existing fractures in the country's social makeup", and a "tribal, clan-based society" and not due to a foreign invasion that destroyed the preexisting order.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/the-clash-within-civilizations|title=The clash within civilizations|author=Hall, Jeremy|date=September 17, 2006|work=]|access-date=September 16, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611061421/http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/the-clash-within-civilizations|archive-date=June 11, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==''Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success''==
In 2006, Cordesman published ''Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success'', documenting "both the initial mistakes and the recent changes in U.S. policy that now offer real hope of success in ]".<ref>, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref>

==Israeli attack on Iran's nuclear program==
In March 2009, Cordesman issued a detailed assessment entitled "Study on a Possible Israeli Strike on Iran's Nuclear Development Facilities". He concludes with the opinion that "Any realistic resolution to the ] will require an approach that encompasses Military, Economic, Political interests and differences of the West vs Iran. There will be no lasting resolution to the Iranian nuclear program until the broader interests of Iran, the US, the region and the world are addressed. Iran should be engaged directly by the U.S. with an agenda open to all areas of military and non-military issues that both are in agreement or disagreement."<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722235700/http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/090316_israelistrikeiran.pdf |date=2009-07-22 }}, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Anthony H. Cordesman}}
*
* {{C-SPAN|10084}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cordesman, Anthony}}
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Latest revision as of 00:33, 12 October 2024

American national security analyst (1939–2024)
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Anthony Cordesman
Cordesman in 2011
Born(1939-08-01)August 1, 1939
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
DiedJanuary 29, 2024(2024-01-29) (aged 84)
Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.
Education
OccupationNational security analyst
OrganizationCenter for Strategic and International Studies

Anthony H. Cordesman (August 1, 1939 – January 29, 2024) was an American national security analyst. He held the Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and was a national security analyst on a number of global conflicts.

Life and career

Cordesman earned his B.A. from the University of Chicago (1960), his M.A. from the Fletcher School, Tufts University (1961), and his Ph.D. from the University of London (1963).

At CSIS, he was the director of the Gulf Net Assessment Project and the Gulf in Transition study, and Principal Investigator of the CSIS Homeland Defense Project. He directed the Middle East Net Assessment Program, acted as co-director of the Strategic Energy Initiative, and directed the project on Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century. He was the author of a wide range of studies of energy policy, and wrote extensively on oil and energy risks and issues, and is the co-author of The Global Oil Market: Risks and Uncertainties, CSIS, 2006. He was a Professor of National Security Studies at Georgetown University and fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars at the Smithsonian Institution.

Cordesman served as national security assistant to Senator John McCain of the Senate Armed Services Committee and as civilian assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defense. He was also a past director of intelligence assessment in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He directed the analysis of the lessons of the Yom Kippur War for the Secretary of Defense in 1974, coordinating the U.S. military, intelligence, and civilian analysis of the conflict. He was awarded the Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award.

Cordesman visited and lectured in Asia from the 1960s, and was a senior advisor to the U.S.-Asia Institute. He was a guest lecturer in China on energy and Middle East security for the State Department in 2007. He was the co-author of Chinese Military Modernization: Force Development and Strategic Capabilities, CSIS, Washington, 2007.

Cordesman also served in other government positions, including at the United States Department of State, Department of Energy, and director of International Staff at NATO. He carried assignments posts in the United Kingdom, Lebanon, Egypt, Iran, Turkey and West Germany, and worked in Saudi Arabia.

Cordesman authored over 50 books on U.S. security policy, military strategy, energy policy, and the Middle East. He was also a long-term contributor to the American hi-fi magazine, The Absolute Sound.

Cordesman died on January 29, 2024, at the age of 84.

Gaza War analysis

On February 2, 2009, Cordesman published an analysis of the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict. The report relied on Israeli briefings before and after the conflict, including visits to the Israeli Defense Spokesman, interviews with Arab officials, and experts. The report analyzes the views and reactions of Arabs, but emphasized that Hamas has not provided more than "minimal details on the fighting, other than ideological and propaganda statements". Cordesman pointed out improvements in the capability of the Israeli Defense Forces since the fighting against Hezbollah in 2006. He believed the military used "decisive force" against legitimate targets, and that the killing of civilians (including women, children, and the elderly), along with other human rights abuses, was justified by Israel's strategic, economic, and political gains.

Cordesman's analysis also claimed that Israel did not violate the laws of war. Norman Finkelstein wrote that this lacked credibility because it relied solely on information from the Israeli Ministry of Defense while ignoring reports from the United Nations, NGOs and other News media reports.

War in Iraq and Afghanistan

Cordesman criticized the Bush Administration's efforts in both the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. According to an article in National Business Review, Cordesman was said to have been only "48 per cent" convinced on the need to invade Iraq in 2003, but contended that "concerns over Saddam's weapons of mass destruction were valid". He considered the then current "chaos" in Iraq as the result of "pre-existing fractures in the country's social makeup", and a "tribal, clan-based society" and not due to a foreign invasion that destroyed the preexisting order.

Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success

In 2006, Cordesman published Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success, documenting "both the initial mistakes and the recent changes in U.S. policy that now offer real hope of success in Iraq".

Israeli attack on Iran's nuclear program

In March 2009, Cordesman issued a detailed assessment entitled "Study on a Possible Israeli Strike on Iran's Nuclear Development Facilities". He concludes with the opinion that "Any realistic resolution to the Iranian nuclear program will require an approach that encompasses Military, Economic, Political interests and differences of the West vs Iran. There will be no lasting resolution to the Iranian nuclear program until the broader interests of Iran, the US, the region and the world are addressed. Iran should be engaged directly by the U.S. with an agenda open to all areas of military and non-military issues that both are in agreement or disagreement."

References

  1. Anthony Cordesman, security analyst who saw flaws in U.S. policy, dies at 84 The Washington Post, accessed March 18, 2024.
  2. ^ Cordesman's biography, CSIS website; accessed November 22, 2014.
  3. Iraqi Elections – Analysis with Anthony Cordesman, abc.net.au, 2005; accessed November 22, 2014.
  4. Ten Reasons for Reforging the US and Saudi Relationship Archived July 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, saudi-american-forum.org; accessed November 22, 2014.
  5. Anthony H. Cordesman profile Archived March 30, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, saudi-us-relations.org; accessed November 22, 2014.
  6. Pearson, Harry (Feb 1992). "The Absolute Sound". The High End Journal. 16 (77): 1.
  7. "In Memoriam: Anthony H. Cordesman". CSIS. 29 January 2024. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  8. The "Gaza War": A Strategic Analysis summary, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.
  9. Full analysis, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.
  10. Finkelstein, Norman (2021). Gaza: An Inquest Into Its Martyrdom. University of California Press. pp. 39–44. ISBN 978-0-520-31833-5. Retrieved June 20, 2024.
  11. Cordesman, Anthony D. (2008-03-16). "Opinion | Worse Than Lyndon Johnson's Team?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
  12. "Anthony H. Cordesman - Two Winnable Wars". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2021-12-18.
  13. Hall, Jeremy (September 17, 2006). "The clash within civilizations". National Business Review. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
  14. Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.
  15. “Study on a Possible Israeli Strike on Iran's Nuclear Development Facilities” Archived 2009-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, csis.org; accessed November 22, 2014.

External links

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