| Revision as of 10:12, 25 December 2005 editHuaiwei (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users44,504 edits Baozi as a specific Chinese variety as described in the article. It is served even in Dum Sum. Shanghai crabs may be served all over Eastern China. So is Egg tarts all over China, so yr pt being?← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 07:45, 18 December 2024 edit undo2001:4479:3104:4b00:d0ef:f664:9f68:5418 (talk) →U: minor edits to this section | ||
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| {{short description|Culinary dish strongly associated with a particular country}} | |||
| A '''national dish''' is a ], ] or a ] that represents a particular country, nation or region. It is usually something that is naturally made or popular in that country. | |||
| ] ('']''). Pizza is considered one of the national dishes of Italy and its variants are among the most popular foods in the world]] | |||
| A '''national dish''' is a culinary ] that is strongly associated with a particular country.<ref name=Natg>{{cite web|title=Top Ten National Dishes|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014060413/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 14, 2016|publisher=National Geographic Magazine (Travel section)|access-date=6 March 2013|date=13 September 2011}}</ref> A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons: | |||
| * It is a ], made from a selection of locally available foodstuffs that can be prepared in a distinctive way, such as '']'', served along the west coast of ].<ref name="Natg" /> | |||
| * It contains a particular ingredient that is produced locally, such as a ] grown in the European ].<ref name=Natg /> | |||
| * It is served as a ] culinary tradition that forms part of a ]—for example, ]s at ] or ] at ]—or as part of a ], such as ] or ] celebrations.<ref name=Natg /> | |||
| * It has been promoted as a national dish, by the country itself, such as the promotion of ] as a national dish of ] by the ] (Schweizerische Käseunion) in the 1930s. | |||
| National dishes are part of ] and self-image.<ref name=Janer2008 /> During the age of European empire-building, nations would develop a national cuisine to distinguish themselves from their rivals.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Howes |first1=David |last2=Lalonde |first2=Marc |title=The history of sensibilities: Of the standard of taste in mid-eighteenth century England and the circulation of smells in post-revolutionary France |journal=Dialectical Anthropology |issn=0304-4092 |volume=16 |issue=2 |date=June 1991|doi=10.1007/BF00250241|pages=125–135|s2cid=143715189 }}</ref> | |||
| The concept is highly informal and vague, and in many, if not most cases the relationship between a given territory or people and certain typical foods is ambiguous. Typical dishes can vary from region to region, and the use of the term "national dish" does not always imply the existence of a "nation" in any legal sense; e.g. ] is the national dish in German-speaking ] and ] is in French-speaking ], although the political integrity of the Swiss state is undisputed. | |||
| Similarly, countries can share a national dish; e.g., traditional food in ], the German state of ], and the ] is similar; whereas ], ], and ] are popular in several Central and East European countries and generally associated with one or more of them. | |||
| Beverages can also be assigned the status of a national "dish", such as ] in ] or the ], ] in ], ] in ] and ]. | |||
| Some countries such as ], ] or ], because of their diverse ethnic populations, cultures, and cuisines, do not have a single national dish, even unofficially.<ref name=Janer2008 /> Furthermore, because national dishes are so interwoven into a nation's sense of identity, strong emotions and conflicts can arise when trying to choose a country's national dish. | |||
| National dishes also function as ]s. These can be either autostereotypes, describing a nation's self-image, or heterostereotypes associated with a nation in the outside world, or both. While most "national dish" stereotypes are positive to neutral, they can also acquire the status of ]s. | |||
| ==By country== | |||
| For example, ] continues to be seen as the German national dish, accounting for the usage of ] as a ], even though the dish has become quite rare in today's German cuisine. | |||
| This is not a definitive list of national dishes, but rather a list of some foods that have been suggested to be national dishes. | |||
| ===A=== | |||
| Similarly, the ] are said to have a particular taste for ], although the dish is not actually very common in that country, and the French are sometimes referred to as ''frogs'' in English. The epithet refers to the Franks having toads charged on heraldry, replaced by lillies. This was in further reference to the French origins in Frisia, where the lily pads are still used for their national symbol. | |||
| ]]] | |||
| ] ]s]] | |||
| ]]] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |last=Lee |first=Shoshanna |date=3 November 2009 |title=Kabuli Pulao With Raisins And Carrots |url=http://www.tastedefined.com/2009/11/kabuli-pulao-with-raisins-and-carrots.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903190418/http://www.tastedefined.com/2009/11/kabuli-pulao-with-raisins-and-carrots.html |archive-date=3 September 2010 |access-date=15 August 2011}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stein |first1=Rick |title=Albanian baked lamb with rice (Tavë kosi) |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/albanian_baked_lamb_with_92485 |website=BBC |access-date=24 June 2020}}</ref> ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |author=Fox |first=Esme |date=23 August 2017 |title=The 10 Most Traditional Dishes From Andorra |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/andorra/articles/the-10-most-traditional-dishes-from-andorra/ |access-date=21 August 2010 |publisher=Culture Trip}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>Hamilton, Cherie (2001) ''Cuisines of Portuguese Encounters'' New York: Hippocrene Books. p. 219</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] and pepperrpot | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2010 |title=El asado |url=http://www.viaresto.clarin.com/Notas/El-asado-660.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203103920/http://viaresto.com/Notas/El-asado-660.aspx |archive-date=3 December 2013 |access-date=25 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 October 2018|title=El mapa definitivo de las empanadas argentinas con sus 14 versiones|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/lifestyle/el-mapa-definitivo-empanadas-argentinas-sus-14-nid2175466|access-date=3 August 2020|newspaper=La Nación|language=es|last1=Genova|first1=Facundo Di}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite book |author=Goyan Kittler |first1=Pamela |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N78aCgAAQBAJ&q=national+dish |title=Food and Culture |last2=Sucher |first2=Kathryn P. |last3=Nelms |first3=Marcia |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-305-88687-2 |page=307 |access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Hibberd |first=Amy |date=19 January 2006 |title=World traveler offers tips for making Argentinian specialty |url=https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/news/2006/01/19/world-traveler-offers-tips-for-making-argentinian-specialty/28457449007/ |access-date=9 October 2022 |publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How Different Countries Use Beef |url=https://alanitrading.com/2020/04/21/how-different-countries-use-beef|work=Alani Trading|date=21 April 2020|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 June 2008 |title=Gastronomia |url=http://www.argentina.ar/_es/turismo/C791-gastronomia.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727003909/http://www.argentina.ar/_es/turismo/C791-gastronomia.php |archive-date=27 July 2008 |access-date=25 February 2012 |website=Argentina |language=es}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref name="Al Jazeera">{{cite web |author=Gaedtke |first1=Felix |last2=Parameswaran |first2=Gayatri |date=8 May 2013 |title=Food feuds continue to simmer in the Caucasus |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/05/201355102059629831.html |access-date=20 August 2020 |publisher=]}}</ref> (not to be confused with the North African pepper paste ]) | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-25 |title=Aruba and Curacao's National Dish: Keshi Yena Recipe |url=https://www.caribbeanemagazine.com/single-post/aruba-and-curacao-s-national-dish-keshi-yena-recipe |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=caribbeanemagazine |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 March 2013 |title=Roast Lamb crowned 'Australia's National Dish' |work=Sunshine Coast Daily |url=https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/roast-lamb-crowned-australias-national-dish/1781137/ |access-date=6 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006180221/https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/roast-lamb-crowned-australias-national-dish/1781137/ |archive-date=6 October 2013}}</ref> ],<ref name="AU">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/02/the-question-that-wont-die-is-the-meat-pie-australias-national-dish|title=The question that won't die: is the meat pie Australia's national dish?|work=]|date=1 January 2015 |access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lindsay |first=Emma |title=Our greatest Aussie recipes |url=http://www.weightwatchers.com.au/util/art/index_art.aspx?tabnum=1&art_id=42481 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127182253/http://www.weightwatchers.com.au/util/art/index_art.aspx?tabnum=1&art_id=42481 |archive-date=27 January 2010 |access-date=5 June 2011 |website=Weight Watcher, Australia and New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Harland |first1=Robert |title=Aussie meat pies |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/13106/Local-News/Aussie-meat-pies |website=] |date=4 October 2016 |access-date=24 June 2020}}</ref> ] on toast<ref>{{cite web |last=Marks |first=Kathy |date=14 June 2009 |title=Cautious change to Australia's 'national dish' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/cautious-change-to-australias-national-dish-1705216.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/cautious-change-to-australias-national-dish-1705216.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |access-date=23 September 2018 |website=]}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Geographic"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Al Jazeera"/> | |||
| ===B=== | |||
| Up to the ], Germans used to identify ] and ] immigrants as ''Spaghettifresser'' ("] devourers") and ''Knoblauchfresser'' ("] devourers"). However, this usage all but disappeared when the German population began to embrace Italian, Turkish, and other immigrant cuisines in the ] and is rather seen as an affectionate term if it occurs at all. | |||
| ] with mayonnaise]] | |||
| * ]: ] with ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.caribbeanamericanfoods.com/?page=island_dishes |title=National Dishes & Local Favorites from the Islands of the Caribbean |publisher=Caribbeanamericanfoods.com |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100622063510/http://www.caribbeanamericanfoods.com/?page=island_dishes |archive-date=22 June 2010 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Killebrew |first=Kimberly |date=25 March 2013 |title=Chicken Machboos (Bahraini Chicken & Rice) |url=https://www.daringgourmet.com/chicken-machboos-bahraini-chicken-rice/ |access-date=17 September 2020 |website=The Daring Gourmet |language=en-US}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610155501/http://www.worldcuisine.org.uk/tag/bahrain-national-dish |date=10 June 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: Rice and fish (particularly ])<ref>{{cite web |author=Banerji |first=Chitrita |date=3 July 2007 |title=A Bengali bounty |url=http://www.salon.com/life/food/eat_drink/2007/07/03/eating_india |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101203204751/http://www.salon.com/life/food/eat_drink/2007/07/03/eating_india/ |archive-date=3 December 2010 |access-date=20 August 2020 |work=Salon.com}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] and ]<ref name="Geographic">{{cite web |date=13 September 2011 |title=Top 10 National Dishes |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014060413/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 14, 2016 |url-access=registration |access-date=20 August 2020 |publisher=]}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Camilla |date=3 July 2014 |title=The national dish of Belarus is Draniki - See recipe |url=https://ingmar.app/blog/national-dish-of-belarus-draniki/ |access-date=19 July 2021 |website=Ingmar - Recipes with your ingredients}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.gulftoday.ae/lifestyle/2020/03/15/belgiums-national-dish-fried-potato-sticks-are-spared-from-the-national-coronavirus-lockdown|newspaper=Gulf Today|title =Belgium's national dish, fried potato sticks, are spared effects of national coronavirus lockdown |date=15 March 2020|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> (particularly served with ]<ref name="lonelypl">{{cite book |author=Masters |first=Tom |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741048551 |title=Europe on a Shoestring |date=1 October 2009 |publisher=Lonely planet |isbn=978-1-74104-855-1 |access-date=15 July 2010 |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Joe"/> or ]<ref name=SW158>{{cite book|last1=Schehr|first1=Lawrence R.|last2=Weiss|first2=Allen S.|title=French Food: On the Table On the Page and in French Culture|publisher=Routledge|location=Abingdon|year=2001|page=158|isbn=0-415-93628-4}}</ref>), ],<ref name=Belgian>{{Cite journal|first=Peter|last=Scholliers |title=Upgrading the Local: Belgian Cuisine in Global Waves|journal=Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture|date=1 May 2010 |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=51–52 |doi=10.1525/gfc.2010.10.2.49 |pmid=21539048 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51094975|access-date=25 August 2010}}</ref> ],<ref name=Belgian/> ] ],<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.visitflanders.com/en/themes/flemish-food/flemish-dishes-and-specialities/flemish-dishes/belgian-chocolate-mousse/#:~:text=Chocolate%20mousse%20is%20one%20of,one%20and%20only%20national%20dessert.|title = Belgian Chocolate Mousse|work=Belgium Tourist Office|access-date = 25 August 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keliher |first=Irene |date=2023-09-06 |title=Belgian Waffles: Unlocking Belgium's Famous Dish |url=https://blog.remitly.com/lifestyle-culture/nationaldishes-belgian-waffles-belgium/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Beyond Borders |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gonzalez |first=Lorenzo |date=2022-08-07 |title=What to eat in Belize: Top Belizean foods to try! |url=https://www.belizeadventure.ca/belizean-food-typical-and-traditional-things-to-try/ |access-date=2023-12-24 |website=Belize Adventure |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Food |url=https://www.bhutan.travel/page/food |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117233846/https://www.bhutan.travel/page/food |archive-date=17 November 2018 |publisher=Tourism Council of Bhutan}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Herald">{{cite web |author=Groundwater |first=Ben |date=24 September 2014 |title=The world's 12 best national dishes |url=https://www.newcastleherald.com.au/story/2581479/the-worlds-12-best-national-dishes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003014838/http://www.theherald.com.au/story/2581479/the-worlds-12-best-national-dishes/ |archive-date=3 October 2014 |access-date=17 September 2020 |url-status=live |publisher=The Herald}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Ackerson |first=Eric |date=14 February 2010 |title=Bosanksi Lonac – Bosnia & Herzegovina National Dish |url=http://myhungrytum.com/2010/02/14/bosanksi-lonac-bosnia-herzegovina-national-dish-day-38dish-21/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118053858/http://myhungrytum.com/2010/02/14/bosanksi-lonac-bosnia-herzegovina-national-dish-day-38dish-21/ |archive-date=18 November 2010 |access-date=18 September 2010}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Bedford |first=Sam |date=14 August 2018 |title=The 21 Best Dishes to Eat in Bosnia and Herzegovina |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/bosnia-herzegovina/articles/the-21-best-dishes-in-bosnia-and-herzegovina/ |access-date=8 September 2020 |publisher=Culture Trip}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Gamulin |first=Tamara |date=24 March 2018 |title=Ćevapi – the dish driving people crazy for decades |url=https://www.croatiaweek.com/cevapi-the-dish-driving-people-crazy-for-decades/ |access-date=8 September 2020 |publisher=Croatia Week}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parker Bowles |first=Tom |title=The World's Best Street Food |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-74220-593-9 |pages=224 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |author=Ettenberg |first=Jodi |date=27 February 2017 |title=How to make Seswaa, Botswana's official national dist |url=https://www.gadventures.co.uk/blog/recipe-seswaa-botswana/ |access-date=20 August 2020 |publisher=G Adventures}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rodrigo |first1=Elias |title=Feijoada: a short history of an edible institution |url=https://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/KualaLumpur/en-us/file/revistaing13-mat06.pdf |access-date=5 July 2019 |series=Flavor From Brazil. Texts From Brazil. No. 13 |pages=35–41 |archive-date=5 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190705182246/https://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/KualaLumpur/en-us/file/revistaing13-mat06.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Joe"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite news |author=Ali |first=Bahrum |date=21 February 2009 |title=Fostering family ties with ambuyat feasts |newspaper=] |url=http://bt.com.bn/life/2009/02/21/fostering_family_ties_with_ambuyat_feasts |access-date=5 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404180705/http://bt.com.bn/life/2009/02/21/fostering_family_ties_with_ambuyat_feasts |archive-date=4 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Tiah |first=Jessica |date=8 January 2011 |title=Ambuyat - Our iconic heritage |newspaper=The Brunei Times |url=http://www.bt.com.bn/art-culture/2011/01/08/ambuyat-our-iconic-heritage |url-status=live |access-date=5 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404182236/http://www.bt.com.bn/art-culture/2011/01/08/ambuyat-our-iconic-heritage |archive-date=4 April 2014}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |date=24 August 2020 |title=Bulgarian Cuisine |url=https://www.youngpioneertours.com/bulgarian-cuisine/ |access-date=15 December 2021 |website=youngpioneertours.com}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Banitsa {{!}} Traditional Pastry from Bulgaria |url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/banitsa |access-date=11 April 2023 |website=tasteatlas.com}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |last=Roman |first=Claudio |date=13 November 2018 |title=Boko Boko |url=https://worldfood.guide/dish/boko_boko/ |access-date=10 March 2022}}</ref> | |||
| ===C=== | |||
| An interesting case in this context is the German-style ]. Supposedly invented by a Turkish immigrant in ] in the ], it became the most popular German take-away food during the ], but is almost exclusively sold by Turks and considered a Turkish specialty in Germany; however, in Turkey it is often associated with Germany. | |||
| ], a national dish of ]]] | |||
| ], China]] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Gillan |first=Audrey |title=Cambodia: the art of amok |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/2017/09/cambodia-art-amok |date=7 September 2017 |magazine=] |access-date=4 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Dunston |first=Lara |title=Cambodian Fish Amok Recipe – an Authentic Steamed Fish Curry in the Old Style |url=https://grantourismotravels.com/cambodian-fish-amok-recipe/ |website=Grantourismo Travels |date=23 May 2017 |access-date=4 October 2019}}</ref> '']'',<ref>{{cite web |last=Dunston |first=Lara |title=Nom Banh Chok Fermented Rice Noodles Are Cambodia in a Bowl |url=https://grantourismotravels.com/nom-banh-chok-fermented-rice-noodles-cambodia/ |website=Grantourismo Travels |date=7 February 2020 |access-date=7 January 2021}}</ref> '']''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tourismcambodia.com/tripplanner/food-and-drink/khmer-foods.htm |title=Khmer Foods |work=Tourism of Cambodia|access-date=8 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Samlor Korko Recipe - How to Make Cambodian Stirring Pot Soup |last=Dunston |first=Lara |date=26 June 2020 |url=https://grantourismotravels.com/samlor-korko-recipe-cambodian-soup/ |website=Grantourismo Travels |access-date=7 January 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name=nyt>{{cite news |first=Emily|last=Brady|title=The Years of Living Nervously |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/07/nyregion/thecity/07asyl.html?pagewanted=1&ref=thecity|work=]|date=5 November 2008 |access-date=7 December 2008}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{Cite magazine|first=Calvin |last=Trillin |title=Canadian Journal, "Funny Food,"|magazine=The New Yorker |date=23 November 2009 |pages=68–70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Canada's national dish: 740 calories -- and worth every bite? |date=2 October 2010 |first=Grace |last=Wong |work=CNN |url=http://articles.cnn.com/2010-10-02/world/canada.poutine_1_dish-cheese-curds-foie?_s=PM:WORLD |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110130122239/http://articles.cnn.com/2010-10-02/world/canada.poutine_1_dish-cheese-curds-foie?_s=PM%3AWORLD |archive-date=30 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Is poutine Canada's national food? Two arguments for, two against |first=Jon |last=Sufrin |date=22 April 2010 |journal=Toronto Life |url=http://www.torontolife.com/daily/daily-dish/aprons-icons/2010/04/22/is-poutine-canadas-national-food-two-arguments-for-two-against/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322002206/http://www.torontolife.com/daily/daily-dish/aprons-icons/2010/04/22/is-poutine-canadas-national-food-two-arguments-for-two-against/ |archive-date=22 March 2011 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-09-12 |title=Kraft Dinner Is Canada's True National Dish {{!}} The Walrus |url=https://thewalrus.ca/manufacturing-taste/ |access-date=2024-08-18 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kraft dinner {{!}} Traditional Pasta From Canada {{!}} TasteAtlas |url=https://www.tasteatlas.com/kraft-dinner |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=www.tasteatlas.com}}</ref> ]s,<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Does Canada Have a National Dish? |url=http://www.canadianliving.com/blogs/food/2009/06/30/does-canada-have-a-national-dish/ |first=Elizabeth |last=Baird |date=30 June 2009 |journal=Canadian Living}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=DeMontis |first=Rita |date=21 June 2010 |title=Canadians butter up to this tart |newspaper=Toronto Sun |url=http://www.torontosun.com/life/eat/2010/03/04/13112421.html |access-date=31 March 2011 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023544/https://torontosun.com/category/life }}</ref> ], ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Fabricant |first=Florence |date=14 April 2009 |title=For Chileans, Passion Translates to Empanadas |newspaper=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/15/dining/15empa.html?_r=0 |access-date=12 March 2014}}</ref> ],<ref>''The South American Table'' by Maria Baez Kijac ({{ISBN|978-1-55832-249-3}}), page 208</ref> ].<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Eileen |date=7 July 2016 |title=In Chile, 'Marraqueta' Is The Daily Bread |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/07/07/484987260/in-chile-marraqueta-is-the-bread-of-life |url-status=live |access-date=10 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026054742/https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/07/07/484987260/in-chile-marraqueta-is-the-bread-of-life |archive-date=26 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="Magazine del Pan">{{cite web |year=2005 |title=Panes del Mundo. Tradicional Marraqueta |url=http://www.magazinedelpan.com/detalle.asp?id=156 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210173515/http://www.magazinedelpan.com/detalle.asp?id=156 |archive-date=10 February 2012 |access-date=22 February 2008 |publisher=Magazine del Pan |location=Venezuela}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Bai |first=Mary |date=27 September 2011 |title=Peking Roast Duck, China's National Food |url=http://www.cits.net/china-guide/china-traditions/peking-roast-duck.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312000414/http://www.cits.net/china-guide/china-traditions/peking-roast-duck.html |archive-date=12 March 2014 |publisher=]}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Yao |first=Elaine |date=30 June 2018 |title=How American crayfish invaded Chinese hearts and stomachs, and how to cook and eat them safely |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/food-drink/article/2153030/how-american-crayfish-invaded-chinese-hearts-and-stomachs-and |access-date=21 August 2020 |publisher=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Yi |first=Lia |date=21 August 2019 |title=How Louisiana crayfish became China's national dish |url=https://www.goldthread2.com/food/how-louisiana-crayfish-became-china-national-dish/article/3023711 |access-date=21 August 2020 |work=Gold Thread}}</ref> ], ], ], ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Roberts |first=Genevieve |date=19 April 2005 |title=Hong Kong warns citizens off 'unhealthy' dim sum |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hong-kong-warns-citizens-off-unhealthy-dim-sum-5346000.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/hong-kong-warns-citizens-off-unhealthy-dim-sum-5346000.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |access-date=20 August 2020 |work=The Independent}}</ref> ], ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Clay |first=Xanthe |date=15 February 2020 |title=Slow cooker Colombian potato and chicken soup recipe |newspaper=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/recipes/0/slow-cooker-colombian-potato-chicken-soup-recipe/ |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 August 2020 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/recipes/0/slow-cooker-colombian-potato-chicken-soup-recipe/ |archive-date=12 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saludcolombia.com/actual/salud60/colabora.htm|title=POBREZA, DESARROLLO Y SALUD|1999-12-01|access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: Langouste a la vanille (] ])<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.saveur.com/lobster-vanilla-sauce-recipe|title=Grilled Lobsters With Vanilla Cream Sauce (Langouste à la Vanille)|work=SAVEUR|date=18 March 2019|access-date=14 July 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="independent.co.uk">{{cite web |date=19 March 2000 |title=192-Part Guide To The World: Democratic Republic of Congo |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/africa/192part-guide-to-the-world-democratic-republic-of-congo-166497.html |access-date=17 April 2015 |work=The Independent}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="independent.co.uk"/> | |||
| * ]: ], ] (] or deep fried seasoned pork pieces served with ], usually red or black beans), ] and ] (it may be served with ] and/or ]), ],<ref name="Joe" /> ] (stewed beef soup with a variety of vegetables). | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/><ref name="minkul">{{cite web|url=http://www.min-kulture.hr/default.aspx?id=3650|title=Lista zaštićenih nematerijalnih kulturnih dobara|publisher=Croatian Ministry of Culture|language=hr|access-date=20 September 2014}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-10 |title=10 Best Croatian Food That You Must Try Today! - ling-app.com |url=https://ling-app.com/hr/croatian-food/ |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=ling-app.com |language=en-us}}</ref> ] (Dalmatia) | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |author=Gershman |first=Liza |date=30 May 2018 |title=A recipe for Cuba's national dish, ropa vieja, or rags, from the new book "Cuban Flavor" |url=https://www.salon.com/2018/05/30/a-recipe-for-cubas-national-dish-ropa-vieja-or-rags-from-the-new-book-cuban-flavor/ |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=Salon.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Scott |first=Leah |date=20 December 2019 |title=A History Of Ropa Vieja, One Of Cuba's Most Famous (And Forbidden) National Dishes |url=https://wearemitu.com/culture/a-history-of-ropa-vieja-one-of-cubas-most-famous-and-forbidden-national-dishes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415015906/https://wearemitu.com/culture/a-history-of-ropa-vieja-one-of-cubas-most-famous-and-forbidden-national-dishes/ |archive-date=15 April 2021 |access-date=23 August 2020 |publisher=Mitu}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nt.gov.au/community/multicultural-communities/community-profiles/greek-cypriot|title=Multicultural community profiles:Greek Cypriot|date=18 February 2016|publisher=] Government|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Fakahany |first=Tamer |date=3 April 2013 |title=AP Essay: My Cyprus, changed forever |url=https://apnews.com/832cf765ae944b988d7e2cdb9ca50931 |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=]}}</ref><ref name="Edelweiss">{{cite web|url=https://www.flyedelweiss.com/EN/destinations/paphos/Pages/paphos-culinary.aspx|title=The Island of Good Taste|publisher=Edelweiss|access-date=23 August 2020|archive-date=21 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521211059/https://www.flyedelweiss.com/EN/destinations/paphos/Pages/paphos-culinary.aspx}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite journal|author=William Woys Weaver|title=The Origins of Trachanás: Evidence from Cyprus and Ancient Texts|journal=Gastronomica |volume=2 |issue=1 |date=Winter 2002 |pages=41–48 |doi=10.1525/gfc.2002.2.1.41}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] (Roast ] with ] and ]),<ref>{{cite web|first=Iva|last=Vokurková|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/letter/czech-eating-habits-take-a-turn-for-the-better|title=Czech eating habits take a turn for the better|work=Radio Prague|date=15 March 2009|access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Tichý |first=Brianna |date=22 October 2018 |title=The ultimate Czech food guide |url=https://www.urbanadventures.com/blog/ultimate-czech-food-guide/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812130250/https://www.urbanadventures.com/blog/ultimate-czech-food-guide/ |archive-date=12 August 2020 |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=Urban Adventures}}</ref> ] | |||
| ===D=== | |||
| In some cases, supposed national dishes are similar to urban legends, especially when relating to countries that are exotic from the perspective of another country. E.g., the popularity of ] in ], dogs in ] and ] etc. is largely overestimated in the West. Urban legend-like national dishes can also turn into a ], as demonstrated by the example of the ] ], which is believed to have become at least moderately popular after English media circulated the story of its existence. | |||
| ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://danskernesmad.dk/nationalret/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018161213/http://danskernesmad.dk/nationalret/ |archive-date=18 October 2014 |title=Official results page of the Danish national dish competition |publisher=The Danish ministry of food |date=20 November 2014 |access-date=21 November 2014 }}</ref><ref name="Joe"/><ref name="Local"/> ]<ref>{{cite news |author=Balslev |first=Lynda |date=4 January 2011 |title=The Art Of The Danish Open-Face Sandwich |newspaper=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2011/01/04/132627711/the-art-of-the-danish-open-face-sandwich |access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Seferou |first=Aliki |date=13 June 2017 |title=How a Farmer's Open Faced-Sandwich Became a National Danish Dish |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/denmark/articles/how-a-farmers-open-faced-sandwich-became-a-national-danish-dish/ |access-date=21 August 2020 |work=Culture Trip |publisher=}}</ref><ref name="Local">{{cite news |date=20 November 2014 |title=Denmark selects its first national dish |url=https://www.thelocal.dk/20141120/denmark-declares-its-first-national-dish |url-access=subscription |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=The Local}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ] | |||
| ** ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] (historical), ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dominicanewsonline.com/news/homepage/news/general/breaking-news-callaloo-dominicas-new-national-dish/|title=Callaloo is Dominica's new national dish|date=27 September 2013|website=Dominica News Online|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: La bandera (rice, beans and meat)<ref>{{cite web |author=León |first=Concepción de |date=2 January 2020 |title=36 Hours in Santo Domingo |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/travel/what-to-do-36-hours-in-santo-domingo-dominican-republic.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=27 August 2020 |work=]}}</ref> | |||
| ===E=== | |||
| For more on the stereotyped usage of foods and its political implications see ]. | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Quintero |first=Carol |date=9 May 2012 |title=El Encebollado |url=http://www.montanita.com/noticia-restaurantes/el-encebollado/10523 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051630/http://www.montanita.com/noticia-restaurantes/el-encebollado/10523 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=3 October 2013 |publisher=Montanita.com |language=es}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |date=19 December 2008 |title=la guatita ecuatoriana |url=http://ecuador.pordescubrir.com/la-guatita-ecuatoriana.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023555/http://ecuador.pordescubrir.com/la-guatita-ecuatoriana.html |archive-date=26 December 2018 |access-date=3 October 2013 |website=Ecuador Por Descubrir |language=es}}</ref> ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Africa"/> ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref name="ME21">{{cite book |author=Haiek |first=Joseph R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zzccAQAAMAAJ |title=Mideast Business Guide |publisher=Los Angeles Mideast business exchange |year=1977 |isbn=978-0-915652-02-0 |edition=1 |location=] |pages=290–292 |access-date=17 February 2019}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite book|first=Claudia|last=Roden|author-link=Claudia Roden|title=A Book of Middle Eastern Food|publisher=Penguin|year=1970|pages=60–61}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Declárase Día Nacional de las Pupusasecreto Día Nacional de las Pupusas — Asamblea Legislativa |url=https://www.asamblea.gob.sv/decretos/details/1535 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923085057/https://www.asamblea.gob.sv/decretos/details/1535 |archive-date=23 September 2021 |access-date=29 May 2020 |website=www.asamblea.gob.sv |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cultura.gob.sv/secultura-invita-a-celebrar-el-dia-nacional-de-la-pupusa/|title=Secultura invita al Día Nacional de la Pupusa|website=www.cultura.gob.sv|language=es|access-date=29 May 2020|archive-date=23 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623144409/http://www.cultura.gob.sv/secultura-invita-a-celebrar-el-dia-nacional-de-la-pupusa/}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] with ]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/africa/192part-guide-to-the-world-eritrea-633664.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/africa/192part-guide-to-the-world-eritrea-633664.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=192-Part Guide To The World: Eritrea|access-date=15 August 2011 | location=London|work=The Independent|first=Lucy|last=Orson|date=2 July 2000}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eestitoit.ee/pages.php/010201,8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217022649/http://www.eestitoit.ee/pages.php/010201%2C8|title=Eesti Toit infoserver v2.0.3.0<!-- Bot generated title -->|archive-date=December 17, 2007}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] ] ] ] | |||
| * ]: ] with ]<ref name="Doro">{{cite news |last=Wat |first=Doro |date=18 May 2005 |title=Ethiopia's National Dish |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/food/2005/05/18/ethiopias-national-dish/c199dd20-163d-4421-b54f-1602aa139132/ |access-date=20 August 2020 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> | |||
| ===F=== | |||
| See also: | |||
| ] (Karelian hot pot)]] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ], national dish of France]] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ]: Fiji kokoda (] ])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.internationalcuisine.com/fiji-kokoda/|title=Fiji Kokoda|date=2 July 2015 |access-date=15 December 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|title=The people have spoken - rye bread is the national food|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/the_people_have_spoken_-_rye_bread_is_the_national_food/9413195|website=yle.fi|publisher=Yle|access-date=8 February 2017|date=19 January 2017}}</ref> ], ], ], ] | |||
| * ]: ], ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Apple Jr. |first=R. W. |date=18 February 2004 | |||
| |title=Four Nations Where Forks Do Knives' Work |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/18/dining/four-nations-where-forks-do-knives-work.html?pagewanted=2 |url-access=subscription |access-date=6 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="away.com">{{cite web |date=20 October 2009 |title=Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes |url=http://away.com/feature/excerpt/national-geographic/top-ten-great-national-dishes-1.html?page=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130117110045/http://away.com/feature/excerpt/national-geographic/top-ten-great-national-dishes-1.html?page=1 |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=3 October 2013 |publisher=Away.com}}</ref> ],<ref name="LP">{{cite web |author=Butler |first=Alex |date=20 November 2017 |title=If you want to eat like the French, reach for some beef bourguignon |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/beef-bourguignon-france |access-date=15 November 2020 |work=] }}{{dead link|date=August 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Cloake |first=Felicity |date=24 August 2020 |others=Photographs by Ant Duncan |title=The story behind the classic French dish boeuf bourguignon |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2020/08/the-story-behind-the-classic-french-dish-boeuf-bourguignon |access-date=15 November 2020 |publisher=National Geographic}}</ref> ],<ref name="LP"/> ],<ref name="LP"/> ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Druckerman |first=Pamela |date=22 January 2019 |title=It's crunch-time for the baguette |newspaper=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/1843/2019/01/22/its-crunch-time-for-the-baguette |url-access=subscription |access-date=26 August 2020}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.petitfute.com/p1-france/actualite/m17-top-10-insolites-voyage/a22083-les-10-plats-typiques-de-la-gastronomie-francaise.html | title=Les 20 plats les plus typiques de la gastronomie française }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.parisinsidersguide.com/10-top-cheeses-of-france.html#:~:text=Camembert,the%20list%20at%20number%20one | title=10 Top Cheeses of France | Paris Insiders Guide }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Husain |first=Amna |date=8 November 2012 |title=Sweet, savory concoctions whisk into city food scene |url=https://www.thesouthend.wayne.edu/article_6d0bd2f5-d2ce-5291-8a7b-980b948dc12e.html |access-date=21 August 2020 |publisher=The South End}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite book |author=Potts |first=Olivia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_4J6DwAAQBAJ&q=france+%22national+dessert%22&pg=PT91 |title=A Half Baked Idea |date=25 July 2019 |publisher=Penguin UK |isbn=978-024-138-047-5 |oclc=0241380472 |access-date=25 August 2020}}</ref> ], ] (historical) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nouvelle-aquitaine-tourisme.com/en/news/traditional-recipe-authentic-poule-au-pot|title=Traditional recipe: Authentic poule au pot |date=21 November 2019|work=Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regional Tourism Board|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ===G=== | |||
| Some national dishes in alphabetical order by country: | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Gabon"> ''Gabon''. Winter 2007. p. 19. Retrieved 10 March 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006195823/http://www.gabonmagazine.com/images/G10-ENGLISH/G10.palmoil.p18-23.pdf |date=6 October 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Saine, Abdoulaye|title=Culture and customs of Gambia|date=2012|publisher=Greenwood|isbn=978-0-313-35911-8|oclc=881315512}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Amy |date=24 January 2019 |title=Khachapuri Granted Cultural Heritage Status |url=http://georgiatoday.ge/news/14205/Khachapuri-Granted-Cultural-Heritage-Status |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121215413/http://georgiatoday.ge/news/14205/Khachapuri-Granted-Cultural-Heritage-Status |archive-date=21 January 2021 |website=Georgia Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.investor.ge/issues/2010_2/02.htm |title=Tracking monetary policy one big mac – and one khachapuri – at a time |last=Svensson |first=Therese |date=April–May 2010 |work=Investor.ge |publisher=American Chamber of Commerce |access-date=29 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007010149/http://www.investor.ge/issues/2010_2/02.htm |archive-date= 7 October 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iset-pi.ge/index.php?article_id=715 |title=Khachapuri Index Project|publisher=International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University|access-date=29 April 2010}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-31 |title=Georgian food: tastes of the Silk Road |url=https://www.georgianwine.uk/georgian-food-tastes-of-the-silk-road/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Georgian Wine UK |language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ], ], ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.germanfoods.org/schools/delicious/traditionaldishes.cfm |title=What's On The Menu?: Germany's Favorite Dishes |publisher=German Foods |access-date=8 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707024527/http://www.germanfoods.org/schools/delicious/traditionaldishes.cfm |archive-date=7 July 2010 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Kinzer |first=Stephen |date=26 June 1996 |title=For Germans, a Kebab Filled With Social Significance |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/26/garden/for-germans-a-kebab-filled-with-social-significance.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 August 2020 |work=]}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Slackman |first=Michael |date=26 January 2011 |title=National Dish Comes Wrapped in Foreign Flavoring |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/27/world/europe/27berlin.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 August 2020 |work=]}}</ref> ] with ]<ref>{{Cite book |author=Pierce |first=Eleanor B. |title=Menu Translator: Pan Am's Guide to Food and Drink Specialties Abroad and at Home |year=1968 |page=76}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Fodor's 89 Germany |year=1989 |page=70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |author=Sinclair |first=Charles |title=Dictionary of Food: International Food and Cooking Terms from A to Z |publisher=A & C Black |page=324}}</ref> | |||
| *]: ], ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Michelin">{{cite book|title=Michelin NEOS Guide: Mainland Greece|publisher=Michelin|author=Michelin Travel Publications|year=2002|page=88|isbn=978-2-06-100063-2}}</ref> ],<ref name="Greekreporter">{{cite web |author=Kolasa-Sikiaridi |first=Kerry |date=29 June 2018 |title=What is the National Dish of Greece? |url=https://greece.greekreporter.com/2018/06/29/what-is-the-national-dish-of-greece/#:~:text=In%20Greece%2C%20the%20national%20dishes,region%20or%20island%20in%20Greece. |access-date=22 August 2020 |publisher=Greek Reporter}}</ref> ]<ref>Λεξικό της κοινής Νεοελληνικής, 1998</ref><ref name="Greekreporter"/> ],<ref name="Greekreporter" /> ],<ref name="Greekreporter"/> ],<ref name="Greekreporter"/> ]<ref name="Greekreporter"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.gd/articles/grenada_oil_down.html |title=Oil down: National Dish of Grenada |publisher=Gov.gd |date=5 March 2010 |access-date=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite news |last=Nelson |first=Selene |date=19 April 2018 |title=The 10 Most Traditional Dishes From Guatemala |newspaper=Culture Trip |url=https://theculturetrip.com/central-america/guatemala/articles/the-10-most-traditional-dishes-from-guatemala/ |publisher=theculturetrip.com}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] and ]<ref name="Caribbeanamericanfoods.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.caribbeanamericanfoods.com/?page=island_dishes |title=National Dishes & Local Favorites from the Islands of the Caribbean |publisher=Caribbeanamericanfoods.com |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213347/http://www.caribbeanamericanfoods.com/?page=island_dishes |archive-date=4 October 2013 }}</ref> | |||
| == |
===H=== | ||
| ]]] | |||
| * ]: ], ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ], ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="away.com"/><ref name="Geographic"/> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ===I=== | |||
| *] - ], ] (Vienna), ] | |||
| ] ({{lang|it|]}}). Pasta is considered one of the national dishes of Italy]] | |||
| *] - ] ] (Brussels) | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |date=14 May 2020 |title=The National Dish of Iceland |url=https://icelandicfood.is/the-national-dish-of-iceland/ |work=Icelandic Food}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=Iceland Monitor|url=https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/news/2015/04/01/what_is_iceland_s_national_dish/|title=What is Iceland's national dish?}}</ref><ref name="Vogue"/> ]<ref>{{cite web |last=Morris |first=Kieran |date=21 November 2019 |title=Hákarl: How Fermented Shark Became Iceland's National Dish |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/iceland/articles/how-fermented-shark-became-the-national-dish-of-iceland/ |work=Culture Trip}}</ref><ref name="Vogue">{{Cite web |last=Volkman |first=Claire |date=9 November 2017 |title=7 Dishes You Have to Eat in Iceland |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/what-to-eat-in-iceland-local-food |access-date=20 August 2020 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Joe">{{Cite web |author=Knight |first=Ciara |date=9 November 2017 |title=The national dish of every country at the World Cup, ranked from worst to best |url=https://www.joe.co.uk/food/the-national-dish-of-every-country-at-the-world-cup-ranked-from-worst-to-best-183729 |access-date=20 August 2020 |website=JOE.co.uk |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| *] | |||
| * ]: ], ], ], ], ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biryani: India's national dish |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/traveller/cuisine/biryani-indias-national-dish |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Fictitious' Khichdi Cooked Up, Says Minister On National Dish Buzz |url=https://www.ndtv.com/food/fictitious-says-union-minister-harsimrat-kaur-badal-khichdi-wont-be-the-national-dish-1769941 |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 7 National Food of India - Club Mahindra |url=https://www.clubmahindra.com/blog/food/7-dishes-that-can-be-the-national-food-of-india |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=www.clubmahindra.com |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| **By province: | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Kompas.com-Makanan-Nasional"/><ref name="CNNGo"/> ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Natahadibrata |first=Nadya |date=10 February 2014 |title=Celebratory rice cone dish to represent the archipelago |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/02/10/celebratory-rice-cone-dish-represent-archipelago.html |access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref> ],<ref name="Kompas.com-Makanan-Nasional"/><ref name="CNNGo">{{cite web |author=Schonhardt |first1=Sara |last2=Wood |first2=Melanie |date=15 August 2011 |title=40 of Indonesia's best dishes |url=http://travel.cnn.com/explorations/eat/40-foods-indonesians-cant-live-without-327106 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023403/http://travel.cnn.com/explorations/eat/40-foods-indonesians-cant-live-without-327106 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |access-date=6 July 2014 |publisher=CNN Travel}}</ref> ],<ref name="Kompas.com-Makanan-Nasional">{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=10 April 2018 |title=Kemenpar Tetapkan 5 Makanan Nasional Indonesia, Ini Daftarnya |language=id |work=KOMPAS.com |url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2018/04/10/171000627/kemenpar-tetapkan-5-makanan-nasional-indonesia-ini-daftarnya |access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2009 |title=A Soto Crawl |url=http://eatingasia.typepad.com/eatingasia/2009/03/soto-crawl.html |access-date=5 July 2010 |publisher=Eating Asia}}</ref> ],<ref name="Kompas.com-Makanan-Nasional"/> ]<ref name="Kompas.com-Makanan-Nasional"/> | |||
| ***] – ]; ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Fayed |first=Saad |date=12 March 2021 |title=Chelo Kebab Recipe, Middle Eastern food |url=http://mideastfood.about.com/od/iranianrecipes/r/chelokebab.htm |access-date=7 July 2010 |publisher=About.com |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023540/https://www.thespruceeats.com/chelo-kebab-recipe-2355640 }}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Delicious: Najmieh Batmanglij transforms Iran's national dish into a pizza |url=https://iranian.com/2020/03/20/delicious-najmieh-batmanglij-transforms-irans-national-dish-into-a-pizza/ |access-date=7 July 2010 |publisher=The Iranian |archive-date=4 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904093513/https://iranian.com/2020/03/20/delicious-najmieh-batmanglij-transforms-irans-national-dish-into-a-pizza/ }}</ref> | |||
| *] - ], ], ]/] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Beeston |first=Richard |date=27 June 2007 |title=Imams put fatwa on carp caught in Tigris |newspaper=The Times |location=London |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/imams-put-fatwa-on-carp-caught-in-tigris-bbs2qxdcrgf |access-date=11 July 2010}}</ref> ], ], ] | |||
| **By region: | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="mcdonald20080512">{{Cite news |url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/top-breakfast-baguette-rolls-into-irish-history-26445568.html |title=Top breakfast baguette rolls into Irish history |last=McDonald |first=Brian |date=12 May 2008 |work=Irish Independent |access-date=3 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref> ],<ref name="britishfood.about.com">Elaine Lemm (23 July 2021) . The Spruce Eats. Access Date = 15 July 2010. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131081749/http://britishfood.about.com/od/introtobritishfood/f/questions.htm|date=31 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lemm |first=Elaine |date=23 July 2021 |title=The National Dishes of Britain and Ireland |url=https://www.thespruceeats.com/national-dishes-of-britan-and-ireland-435493 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131081749/http://britishfood.about.com/od/introtobritishfood/f/questions.htm |archive-date=31 January 2016 |website=The Spruce Eats}}</ref> ] | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| * ]: ] (served in ]),<ref>{{cite news |author=Guttman |first=Veret |date=24 April 2012 |title=No Matter Where It Originated, Falafel Is Still Israel's National Food |publisher=Haaretz |url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-s-national-food-no-matter-where-it-started-1.5216693 |access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref><ref>Nathan, Joan, {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024212900/http://www.myjewishlearning.com/culture/food/IsraeliFood/FalafelRecipe.htm |date=24 October 2008 }} in ''My Jewish Learning'', Retrieved 14 February 2010</ref><ref>''The Ethnic Food Lover's Companion'' by Eve Zibart ({{ISBN|978-0-89732-372-7}}), page 181</ref><ref>''Israel Handbook: The Travel Guide'' by David Winter ({{ISBN|978-1-900949-48-4}}), page 52</ref><ref>''From Tapas to Meze: Small Plates from the Mediterranean'' by Joanne Weir ({{ISBN|978-1-58008-586-1}}), page 187</ref> ],<ref>''Israel,'' Jill DuBois and Mair Rosh, Marshall Cavendish Pub., 2003 . p. 130</ref><ref>"Jerusalem Diaries II: What's Really Happening in Israel", Judy Lash Balint. Published by Xulon Press, 2007. p. 259</ref> ], ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Brehaut |first=Laura |date=19 November 2019 |title=Cook this green shaksuka with chard kale spinach and feta from shuk |publisher=National Post |url=https://nationalpost.com/life/food/cook-this-green-shakshuka-with-chard-kale-spinach-and-feta-from-shuk |access-date=26 November 2020}}</ref> ], ] | |||
| ***] - ], ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6992444.stm |title=Italy urged to go on pasta strike |publisher=BBC|date=13 September 2007|access-date=8 July 2010}}</ref><ref name="Herald"/> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/3064848/coronavirus-french-corona-pizza-video-outrages-italians-prompting|title=Coronavirus: French 'corona pizza' video outrages Italians, prompting apology|author=Agence France-Presse|date=4 March 2020 |work=South China Morning Post|access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |author=Ceccarini |first=Rossella |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xeN5DwAAQBAJ&q=pizza+national+dish&pg=PA34 |title=Pizza and Pizza Chefs in Japan: A Case of Culinary Globalization|date=3 February 2011|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-900-421-487-3 |page=34}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cedigros.com/rubriche/italia-in-tavola/7459/risotto.html |title=Risotto tra origini e storia molto ricche e le tante varianti per cucinarlo |publisher=Cedigros|access-date=11 November 2024|language=it}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lapecorella.it/2023/10/24/formaggi-nella-cucina-italiana/|title=Formaggi nella cucina italiana: Una Deliziosa Esplosione di Sapori e Tradizione|date=24 October 2023 |publisher=La pecorella|access-date=11 November 2024|language=it}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parmigianoreggiano.com/it/news/parmigiano-reggiano-italiano|title=IL PARMIGIANO REGGIANO È ITALIANO|publisher=Parmigiano Reggiano|access-date=11 November 2024|language=it}}</ref> ] | |||
| ***] - ], ], ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite book |author=Gibbons |first1=Bob |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iE6DAwAAQBAJ&q=%22national+dish%22+zimbabwe&pg=PA177 |title=Africa Overland |last2=Pritchard-Jones |first2=Siân |date=2 May 2014 |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |isbn=978-184-162-494-5 |page=199 |access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
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| ***] - ], ] | |||
| ***] - ], ] | |||
| ***] - ], ] | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] – roast ] | |||
| *] – ] (chicken stew) | |||
| *] - ], ], ] | |||
| *] - ], ] (take-away) | |||
| *] - ], ] (also as take-away) | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ], ], ] | |||
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| *] - ], ] | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| *] – ],] | |||
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| *] - ], ], ], ] | |||
| *] - ], ], ] | |||
| *] - ], ] | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ], ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] | |||
| **By country: | |||
| ***] – ], ], ] | |||
| ***] – ] | |||
| ***] – ], ] | |||
| ***] – ] | |||
| ***] – ] ]es | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| *] - ], ], ], ] and ] (as part of ] dinner), ] | |||
| **By region: | |||
| ***] - ], ] | |||
| ***] - ], ], ], ] | |||
| **By state: | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| ***] - ], ] | |||
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| ***] - ], ] | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| ***] - Philly ], ] | |||
| *] - ], ] | |||
| == |
===J=== | ||
| ], Japan]] | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=http://away.com/feature/excerpt/national-geographic/top-ten-great-national-dishes-1.html?page=2 |title=Food Journeys of a Lifetime: Top Ten Great National Dishes |publisher=Away.com |date=9 October 2010 |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121124324/http://away.com/feature/excerpt/national-geographic/top-ten-great-national-dishes-1.html?page=2 |archive-date=21 January 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Ng |first=Karmun |date=30 May 2014 |title=10 things you need to know about sushi |url=https://my.asiatatler.com/dining/10-things-you-need-to-know-about-sushi#:~:text=Whether%20you're%20a%20sushi,you%20might%20not%20have%20known. |access-date=28 August 2020 |publisher=Malaysia Tatler}}</ref> ],<ref name="curry rice research">{{cite web |script-title=ja:「カレーライス」に関するアンケート |publisher = ネットリサーチ ディムスドライブ |url = http://www.dims.ne.jp/timelyresearch/2008/081014/ |language= ja |access-date=16 October 2008}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jun/18/ramen-japan-national-dish|title=Ramen: Japan's super slurpy noodles|access-date=5 June 2011 | location=London|work=The Guardian|first=Justin|last=McCurry|date=18 June 2010}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Amoroso |first=Phoebe |date=14 November 2016 |title=Tempura temptations: How deep-fried seafood seduced Japan |url=https://www.nhk.or.jp/dwc/food/articles/42.html |access-date=21 August 2020 |publisher=] |archive-date=21 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521211058/https://www.nhk.or.jp/dwc/food/articles/42.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/life/social-and-lifestyle/279145/sweet-treats-from-japan |title=Sweet treats from Japan |work=Bangkok Post |date= 10 February 2012|access-date=25 August 2020}}</ref> ], ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.waleg.com/kitchen/archives/000912.html |title=Jordan National Dish, Mansaf: Waleg Kitchen |publisher=Waleg.com |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170726011901/http://waleg.com/kitchen/archives/000912.html |archive-date=26 July 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/facts3.html |title=Jordan: Jordanian Cuisine |publisher=Kinghussein.gov.jo |access-date=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ===K=== | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| ]]] | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |date=14 July 2017 |title=National dish Besh-Barmak |url=https://weproject.media/en/articles/detail/how-beshbarmak-is-served-in-different-regions-of-kazakhstan/ |access-date=23 August 2020 |work=Baibol Travel}}</ref> | |||
| *] - ], ], ] | |||
| * ]: ] with ],<ref name="Nation">{{cite web |author=Kibwana |first=Kivutha |author-link=Kivutha Kibwana |date=23 November 2019 |title=Why we should go back to eating traditional foods |url=https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/blogs-opinion/opinion/why-we-should-go-back-to-eating-traditional-foods-225796 |access-date=23 August 2020 |publisher=Daily Nation}}</ref> ],<ref name="Nation"/> ],<ref name="Nation"/><ref>{{cite web |author=Achuka |first=Vincent |date=7 March 2017 |title=Chapati edges ugali out of table in Kenya as the rich salivate over poor man's diet |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/food/article/2001231754/chapati-edges-ugali-out-of-table-in-kenya-as-the-rich-salivate-over-poor-mans-diet |access-date=23 August 2020 |website=Eve |publisher=Standard Group PLC}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=TTf0Aki6AUQC&q=national+dish+&pg=PA90 | title = Kenya | isbn = 978-1-74059-743-2 | last1 = Parkinson | first1 = Tom | last2 = Phillips | first2 = Matt | last3 = Gourlay | first3 = Will | year = 2006| publisher = Lonely Planet }}</ref> | |||
| **By region: | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Yoon |first=Tae |date=25 September 2018 |title=A Chef's Quest to Bring North Korean Cold Noodles to America |url=https://www.eater.com/2018/9/25/17855140/pyongyang-naengmyeon-jungsik-yim-north-korea-cold-noodles |access-date=20 August 2020 |publisher=Eater.com}}</ref> ]<ref name="Kimchi">{{cite web |author=Jeong |first=Sophie |date=2 November 2018 |title=North Korea's latest peace offering: Kimchi |url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/north-korea-kimchi-festival/index.html |access-date=21 August 2020 |publisher=CNN Travel}}</ref> | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-25840493|title=Kimchi: South Korea's efforts to boost its national dish|last=Williamson|first=Lucy|date=4 February 2014|work=BBC News|access-date=20 May 2017}}<br />{{cite book|last=Ku|first=Robert Ji-Song|title=Dubious Gastronomy: The Cultural Politics of Eating Asian in the USA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nh_HDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|date=31 December 2013|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=978-0-8248-3921-5|page=6}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailymeal.com/10-national-dishes-around-world/6514|title=10 National Dishes Around the World|last=Govender|first=Serusha|date=6 May 2014|work=The Daily Meal|access-date=20 May 2017}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/life/travel/pyeongchang-winter-olympics-the-next-cool-spot/news-story/4f5f9f25423111d937a01069722c0a37|title=Pyeongchang Winter Olympics: the next cool spot|last=Jeffery|first=Nicole|date=20 May 2017|work=The Australian|access-date=20 May 2017}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jamesbeard.org/recipes/jajangmyun-noodles-with-black-bean-sauce|title=Jajangmyun (Noodles With Black Bean Sauce)|work=Scott Meola|publisher=James Beard Foundation|access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Smith |first=K. Annabelle |date=13 February 2013 |title=Korea's Black Day: When Sad, Single People Get Together And Eat Black Food |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/koreas-black-day-when-sad-single-people-get-together-and-eat-black-food-16537918/?no-ist |access-date=21 August 2020 |publisher=Smithsonian Magazine}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Le |first=Joel |date=11 July 2017 |title=Beat the heat with bingsu, South Korea's national dessert of shaved ice, milk, condensed milk and toppings |work=Straits Times |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/food/beat-the-heat-with-bingsu-south-koreas-national-dessert-of-shaved-ice-milk-condensed |access-date=26 August 2020}}</ref> ] | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://anoregoncottage.com/making-flia-a-national-dish-of-kosovo/|title=Making Flia - A National Dish of Kosovo|work=An Oregon Cottage|date=18 July 2013|access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref> | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| *] |
* ]: ] | ||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baibol.kg/tourism-in-kyrgyzstan/traditions/national-meal-beshbarmak/|title=How beshbarmak is served in different regions of Kazakhstan|work=WEProject|date=14 July 2017|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| *] – ] | |||
| **By region: | |||
| ***] - ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
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| *] – ], ] | |||
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| *] – ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| *] - ] | |||
| *] – ], ], ] | |||
| *] | |||
| **By country: | |||
| ***] – beer (]), ] | |||
| ***] – ] (scotch), ] | |||
| ***] and ] – ] | |||
| *] – ], ] | |||
| **] - ] | |||
| ===L=== | |||
| ] | |||
| ], Lebanon]] | |||
| ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |author=Andrews |first=Mark |date=16 January 2020 |title=Is that Thai food, or Lao? 5 typical dishes from Laos that will help you see the difference |url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/leisure/article/3046167/thai-food-or-lao-5-typical-dishes-laos-will-help-you-see |access-date=23 August 2020 |publisher=South China Morning Post}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |last=Ives |first=Mike |date=1 February 2011 |title=A Taste of Sticky Rice, Laos' National Dish |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/a-taste-of-sticky-rice-laos-national-dish-136291/ |access-date=3 October 2013 |website=Smithsonianmag.com |publisher=Smithsonian Magazine}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Schulz |first1=Daniela |last2=Drescher |first2=Stephanie |date=24 May 2017 |title=Papaya salad with shrimp, Laos |url=https://www.dw.com/en/papaya-salad-with-shrimp-laos/a-37837972 |access-date=30 November 2020 |publisher=] |language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 November 2017 |title=Latvia's National Dessert – Rupjmaizes kārtojums |url=https://eatingtheworld.net/2017/11/17/latvias-national-dessert/ |access-date=30 November 2020 |newspaper=Eating the World |language=en-GB}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Publication of an application pursuant to Article 8(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 509/2006 on agricultural products and foodstuffs as traditional specialities guaranteed |date=15 November 2012 |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2012:349:0023:0027:EN:PDF#page=3 |access-date=30 November 2020 |journal=] |language=en-GB |quote=The "Sklandrausis" can be considered a Latvian national dish}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Publication of an application pursuant to Article 50(2)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs |date=20 June 2015 |url=https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52015XC0620(01)&from=EN |access-date=30 November 2020 |journal=] |language=en-GB |quote='Jāņu siers' has become a national treasure.}}</ref> ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="ReferenceA"/> ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sourat.com/lebanese_recipes.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120913002128/http://www.sourat.com/lebanese_recipes.htm |archive-date=13 September 2012 |title=The national dish of Lebanon |publisher=Sourat.com |access-date=3 October 2013 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ], ],<ref name="Albala 2011 p. 3-PA226">{{cite book | last=Albala | first=K. | title=Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia | publisher=Greenwood | issue=v. 1 | year=2011 | isbn=978-0-313-37626-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NTo6c_PJWRgC&pg=RA3-PA226 | access-date=5 November 2016 | page=3-PA226}}</ref><ref name="McLachlan 2008 p. 61">{{cite book | last=McLachlan | first=G. | title=Lithuania | publisher=Bradt Travel Guides | series=Bradt Guides | year=2008 | isbn=978-1-84162-228-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pDdqGoXvSvYC&pg=PA61 | access-date=5 November 2016 | page=61}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.themayor.eu/en/lithuania-welcomes-tourists-with-pink-soup-carpet|title=Lithuania welcomes tourists with "pink soup carpet"|publisher=TheMayor.EU |date= 30 June 2020|access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728160724/http://www.mycitycuisine.org/Judd_mat_Gaardebounen |date=28 July 2018 }}, ''Mycitycuisine.org''. Retrieved 30 November 2011.</ref> | |||
| ===M=== | |||
| ] | |||
| ], a national dish of ].]] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Boissard |first=Pierre |title=Cuisine Malgache, Cuisine Creole |publisher=Librairie de Tananarive |year=1997 |pages = 36–40 |location=Antananarivo}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] with ]<ref name="Africa"/> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |author=Rules |first=Dwayne A. |date=7 April 2011 |title=Nasi lemak, our 'national dish' |newspaper=] |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/Travel/Malaysia/2011/04/07/Nasi-lemak-our-national-dish.aspx |access-date=6 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702211527/http://www.thestar.com.my/Travel/Malaysia/2011/04/07/Nasi-lemak-our-national-dish.aspx/ |archive-date=2 July 2014}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite news |author=Specter |first=Michael |date=2 December 1984 |title=In Malaysia, Spicy Satay |work=] |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/02/travel/in-malaysia-spicy-satay.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eliot|first=Joshua|title=Indonesia, Malaysia & Singapore Handbook|publisher=Trade & Travel Publications |year=1994 |place= New York |page=352}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Erickson|first=Joan|title=Southeast Asia Sunset travel guides|publisher=Lane Publishing Company |year=1982 |isbn=978-037-606-764-7 |page=78}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite news |author=Aquilina |first=Melisande |date=22 March 2018 |title=A History of Malta in 7 Dishes |publisher=Roads & Kingdoms |url=https://roadsandkingdoms.com/2018/history-malta-7-dishes/ |access-date=23 August 2010}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ] | |||
| * ]: ] ] (flatbread stuffed with lentils)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.getaway.co.za/food/25-eat-drink-mauritius/ |title=25 of the best things to eat and drink in Mauritius|author= Sarah Duff|publisher=Getaway|date=18 September 2012 |access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Phillips |first1=Matt |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4gbBDwAAQBAJ&q=mauritius+national+dish&pg=PT231 |title=Lonely Planet Mauritius, Reunion & Seychelles |last2=Carillet |first2=Jean-Bernard |last3=Ham |first3=Anthony |date=1 December 2019 |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=978-1-78868-709-6 |access-date=26 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mexonline.com/molepoblano.htm |title=Mole Poblano: Mexico's National Food Dish |publisher=Mexonline|access-date=11 July 2010}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web |author=Terrero |first=Nina |date=11 September 2012 |title=How to make: Traditional Mexican favorites |url=http://nbclatino.com/2012/09/11/how-to-make-traditional-mexican-favorites/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023419/http://nbclatino.com/2012/09/11/how-to-make-traditional-mexican-favorites/ |archive-date=26 December 2018 |access-date=11 March 2014 |publisher=NBC Latino}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-23 |title=Mamaliga: the real national dish of Moldova |url=https://www.livetheworld.com//post/mamaliga-the-real-national-dish-of-moldova-xhd9 |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=livetheworld}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |author=Howard |first=Holly |date=31 March 2017 |title=A Brief History of Barbagiuan, Monaco's National Dish |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/monaco/articles/a-brief-history-of-barbagiuan-monacos-national-dish/ |access-date=21 August 2010 |publisher=Culture Trip}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thailandtatler.com/dining/5-must-eat-foods-in-myanmar|title=5 Must-Eat Myanmar Traditional Dishes|author=Thurein Tun Oo|date=25 May 2019|publisher=Thailand Tatler|access-date=20 August 2010|archive-date=25 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525121056/https://www.thailandtatler.com/dining/5-must-eat-foods-in-myanmar}}</ref> ]<ref name="Haber">{{cite web|url=http://www.innwa.com/dev/kitchen/news/get-news.asp?id=142|title=Lephet – Green Tea Salad|last=Haber|first=Daniel|date=31 March 2002|publisher=Swe Sone magazine|access-date=10 April 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070708232214/http://www.innwa.com/dev/kitchen/news/get-news.asp?id=142|archive-date=8 July 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation|author=Foodspotting|title=The Foodspotting Field Guide|date=18 March 2014|publisher=Chronicle Books LLC|isbn=978-1-4521-3008-8|page=71}}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Ng |first=Brady |title=Tea Leaf Salad Is a Greasy Equalizer in Myanmar |date=6 January 2015 |url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/53jvba/tea-leaf-salad-is-a-greasy-equalizer-in-myanmar |work=Vice.com |access-date=21 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ===N=== | |||
| ], Nepal]] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] and ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ago |first=Kushanpoudelin #kntpr • 7 Years |date=2017-11-13 |title=National food of Nepal "Gundruk and Dhido". |url=https://steemit.com/kntpr/@kushanpoudel/national-food-of-nepal-gundruk-and-dhido |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=Steemit |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goodfoodrevolution.com/emily-wight-dutch-feast/|title=Emily Wight Dutch Feast|date=16 January 2018|work=Malcolm Jolley |publisher=Good Food Revolution|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ] with onion and pickles<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.esn-groningen.nl/the-5-most-typical-dutch-foods/|title=The 5 most typical Dutch foods|date=11 October 2017 |publisher=Erasmus Student Network Groningen|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nzstory.govt.nz/stories/are-pies-the-national-dish-of-new-zealand/|title=ARE PIES THE NATIONAL DISH OF NEW ZEALAND?|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aatravel.co.nz/101/info/Bacon-n-Egg-Pie_687.htm|title=Bacon & Egg Pie|access-date=5 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323095648/http://www.aatravel.co.nz/101/info/Bacon-n-Egg-Pie_687.htm|archive-date=23 March 2016}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/food-wine/recipes/3265165/Tender-loving-care-for-lamb|title=Tender, loving care for lamb|date=26 January 2010 |access-date=5 June 2011}}</ref> ]<ref name="Pavlova">{{cite journal |last1=Symons |first1=Michael |title=The confection of a nation the social invention and social construction of the Pavlova |journal=Social Semiotics |date=15 April 2010 |volume=20 |issue=2 |page=197 |url=https://www.academia.edu/11401553 |access-date=25 November 2019|doi=10.1080/10350330903566004 |s2cid=144496353 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://theculturetrip.com/central-america/nicaragua/articles/how-the-nacatamal-became-nicaraguas-national-dish/|title=How the Nacatamal Became Nicaragua's National Dish|author=Jack Guy|date=24 April 2020|newspaper=Culture Trip|access-date=21 August 2010}}</ref> ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref name="Africa">{{cite news|newspaper=CNN Travel|url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/africa-food-dishes/index.html|title=15 of Africa's favorite dishes|date=12 July 2017|first=Jane-Anne|last=Hobbs}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=BBC|title=Nigeria's plans to stop importing rice |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-38690500|date= 31 January 2017 |access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ] and ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/food/diy-recipes-how-to-make-egusi-soup-id4198969.html |title=How to make Egusi soup |date=18 January 2016|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref><ref name="Africa"/><ref name="National"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.intrepidtravel.com/adventures/macedonia-food/|title=Mouth-watering Macedonia: 5 traditional dishes you've got to try|date=20 November 2015 |publisher=Intrepid Travel|access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsinenglish.no/2014/06/16/farikal-wins-again-as-norways-national-dish/|title='Fårikål' wins again as Norway's national dish|website=Newsinenglish.no|date=16 June 2014 |access-date=22 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelocal.no/20140617/norway-replaces-frikl-as-national-dishwith-frikl|title=Norway sticks with fårikål as national dish|date=17 June 2014|website=Thelocal.no|access-date=22 June 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ===O=== | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hk.asiatatler.com/dining/7-must-try-omani-foods-and-where-to-find-them|title=7 Must-Try Omani Foods And Where To Find Them|author=Kate Springer|date=13 April 2017|publisher=Hong Kong Tatler|access-date=20 August 2010}}</ref> | |||
| ===P=== | |||
| ], a national dish of the ]]] | |||
| * ]: ], ], chicken karahi, ]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/341045/gulab-jamun-is-now-officially-the-national-dessert-of-pakistan/|title=Gulab Jamun is now officially the national dessert of Pakistan.It is considered that Pakistan have best food in the entire world.|newspaper=Daily Times|date=6 January 2019|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite book|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|date= 15 July 2016 |last=Long|first=Lucy|title=Ethnic American Cooking: Recipes for Living in a New World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HTWNDAAAQBAJ&q=papua+new+guinea+%22national+dish%22&pg=PA226|isbn=978-144-226-734-3|page=226}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20180304-musakhan/|date=4 March 2018|title=Musakhan|work=Memo Middle Earth Monitor|first=Maha|last=Salah|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Emma|title=It's Easier to Reach Heaven than the End of the Street|year=2006|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|location=Great Britain|isbn=978-0-7475-8559-6|page=378|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yve-_E5VwGAC&q=falafel+national+dish+palestine&pg=PA378}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Karmi|first=Ghada|title=In Search of Fatima|year=2002|publisher=Verso New Left Books|location=U.S.|isbn=1-85984-561-4|page=39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DuiB5iJ26KcC&q=falafel+national+dish}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Joe"/> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perutravelguide.org/ceviche-the-peruvian-national-dish.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607073905/http://www.perutravelguide.org/ceviche-the-peruvian-national-dish.html|archive-date=7 June 2008|title=Ceviche – the Peruvian national dish|publisher=Peru Travel Guide|access-date=11 July 2010}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name=CNNP2017>{{cite news |last=Bueno |first=Anna |date=21 June 2017 |title=Adobo, sinigang, or sisig: What's your pick for the Philippines' national dish? |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/life/leisure/food/2017/06/14/national-dish.html |work=CNN Philippines |access-date=26 December 2019 |archive-date=16 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216023107/https://cnnphilippines.com/life/leisure/food/2017/06/14/national-dish.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=PhilStar2018>{{cite news |last=Gonzalez |first=Manny |date=12 July 2018 |title=Why don't we have official national dishes? |url=https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/food-and-leisure/2018/07/12/1832621/why-dont-we-have-official-national-dishes |work=The Philippine Star |access-date=26 December 2019 }}</ref><ref name="Gapultos2013">{{cite book|last=Gapultos|first=Marvin|title=The Adobo Road Cookbook: A Filipino Food Journey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OBTQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT210|date=23 April 2013|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1169-1|page=210}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=DeWitt, Dave |title =1,001 Best Hot and Spicy Recipes|publisher =]|year =2010|page=428|isbn = 978-1-57284-113-0|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=sNLKs8LO35kC&q=Philippine+Adobo+variation&pg=PA428}}<br />{{cite book|last=Deere|first=Kiki|title=Journey Through the Philippines: An Unforgettable Journey from Manila to Mindanao|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZgbiDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT43|date=20 June 2017|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-1886-7|page=43}}<br />{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/magazine/09Food-t-000.html|title=The Cheat: The Adobo Experiment|access-date=5 June 2011 | work=The New York Times|first=Sam|last=Sifton|date=5 January 2011}}<br />{{cite web |url=https://stories.forbestravelguide.com/your-foodie-guide-to-manila |title=Your Foodie Guide To Manila |last=Dee |first=Ching |date=3 September 2019 |website=Forbes Travel Guide |publisher=The Five Star Travel Corporation |access-date=26 December 2019 }}<br />{{cite news |last=Villafuerte |first=Sai |date=16 September 2019 |title=Filipino Chefs Are Taking Back Control of Their Cuisine |url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/wjwem4/filipino-chefs-are-taking-back-control-of-their-cuisine-v26n3 |work=Vice |access-date=26 December 2019 }}</ref> ],<ref name=CNNP2017 /><ref name="Gapultos2013" /> ],<ref name=CNNP2017 /><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Try These Innovative Sisig Dishes That Might Just Win a National Competition |url=https://www.pepper.ph/try-these-innovative-sisig-dishes-that-might-just-win-a-national-competition/ |work=Pepper |location=Philippines |date=18 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2019 |archive-date=26 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226152442/https://www.pepper.ph/try-these-innovative-sisig-dishes-that-might-just-win-a-national-competition/ }}<br />{{cite book|last1=Fecks|first1=Noah|last2=Wagtouicz|first2=Paul|title=The Way We Ate: 100 Chefs Celebrate a Century at the American Table|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=edabAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA154|date=29 October 2013|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4767-3272-5|page=154}}</ref> ],<ref name=CNNP2017 /><ref>{{cite book|last=McKinnon|first=Leila|title=Australia's Favourite Recipes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1kWIR605IsEC&pg=PT76|date=1 November 2012|publisher=Pan Macmillan Australia|isbn=978-1-74334-955-7|page=76}}<br />{{cite magazine |last=Stafford |first=Paul |date=20 August 2018 |title=Like A Local: 10 Of The Most Unique Foods Of The Philippines |url=https://www.travelmag.com/articles/unique-foods-philippines/5/ |magazine=Travel Magazine |access-date=26 December 2019 }}</ref> ]<ref name=PhilStar2018 /> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref>"Kapusta kiszona (]) is the basis for Poland's national dish bigos (sauerkraut with a variety of meats), kapuśniak (sauerkraut soup)" Polish Holiday Cookery by Robert Strybel, 2003, p. 14; "Bigos, the national dish of Poland — a hunter's stew of mixed meats and vegetables" The food lover's companion to Portland by Lisa Shara Hall, Roger J. Porter, 1996</ref> ],<ref>"Two national specialities you'll find everywhere are bigos (cabbage stewed with meat and spices) and pierogi" Poland: the rough guide, 1991 and kotlet schabowy is a close cousin of the Teutonic ]" Joey Porcelli, Clay Fong . The Gyros Journey: Affordable Ethnic Eateries Along the Front Range, 2006</ref> Barszcz, Rosół | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.golisbon.com/food/food.html|title=PORTUGUESE CUISINE The Food of Portugal|publisher=Go Lisbon|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/top-10-foods-try-algarve|title=Top 10 foods to try in the Algarve|website=BBC Goodfood |publisher=BBC |access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ],<ref name="Joe"/><ref name="Holland">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9wm5BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT71|title=The World on a Plate: 40 Cuisines, 100 Recipes, and the Stories Behind Them|last=Holland|first=Mina|publisher=]|year=2015|isbn=978-0-14-312765-9|location=New York|page=78|language=en|orig-date=2014}}</ref><ref name="Poelzl">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRqJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA150|title=Culture Shock! Portugal: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette|last=Poelzl|first=Volker|publisher=]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7614-5672-8|location=Tarrytown, NY|page=150}}</ref> ], Sardinha Assada (Grilled Sardines)<ref> wetravelportugal.com. Retrieved 24 April 2021.</ref> | |||
| ===Q=== | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.qatarday.com/blog/food/eight-authentic-qatari-food-you-must-try/29066|title=Eight Authentic Qatari Food You Must Try|author=Kiran Paul|website=Qatar Day|access-date=20 August 2014|archive-date=9 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909090453/http://www.qatarday.com/blog/food/eight-authentic-qatari-food-you-must-try/29066}}</ref> | |||
| ===R=== | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1979/09/27/some-call-it-porridge-others-call-it-mush-romanians-call-it-mamaliga/43126c7e-cd90-4e85-b2e0-6d491e4071e3/|title=Some Call It Porridge, Others Call It Mush, Romanians Call It Mamaliga|author=Kay Shaw Nelson|newspaper=]|date=27 September 1979|access-date=11 October 2020}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/a-guide-to-romanian-cuisine|title=A guide to Romanian cuisine|author=Mark Baker|publisher=Lonely Planet|date=27 September 2014|access-date=11 October 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/agrees+open+grills+Romania+national+sausage/9517219/story.html|title=EU agrees to open its grills to Romania's national sausage|author=Alison Mutler|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|date=17 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519072752/http://www.vancouversun.com/agrees+open+grills+Romania+national+sausage/9517219/story.html|archive-date=19 May 2014}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ], ], ],<ref>{{cite news |title=Feed the World |last=Groundwater |first=Ben |work=Sydney Sun Herald |date=5 February 2017 |quotation=Beetroot soup: it may not sound that enticing, and it certainly doesn't look it. But imagine it's freezing cold outside, that the snow has been piling up for months. Imagine that a pot of soup has been sitting on the stove all day, improving and intensifying. Imagine that the best root vegetables have gone in there, plus herbs, and maybe hunks of sausage. Imagine that a steaming bowl is placed in front of you, topped with a dollop of sour cream. Now you're getting why this is Russia's favourite dish.|id={{ProQuest|1864945067}} }}</ref> ],<ref name="Motion"/> ],<ref name="Motion">{{cite book|title=Food in Motion: The Migration of Foodstuffs and Cookery Techniques : Proceedings: Oxford Symposium 1983 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jYa3J6xrjt4C&q=shchi+kasha&pg=PA62 |year=1983 |publisher=Oxford Symposium |isbn=978-0-907325-16-1 |page=62}}</ref> ],<ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref>Леонид Беловинский. ''Энциклопедический словарь российской жизни и истории: XVIII-начало XX в.'', стр. 557, ''Пирог'' (Leonid Belovinskiy. ''The encyclopedic dictionary of Russian life and history: from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century''m p. 557, "Pirog"; in Russian)</ref><ref name="Pokhlyobkin_Pirogi">Вильям Похлебкин. ''Большая энциклопедия кулинарного искусства'', . Москва: Центрполиграф, 2010, {{ISBN|978-5-9524-4620-5}} (]. ''The Great Encyclopedia of Culinary Art'', "Russian pirogi". Moscow: Centrpoligraph, 2010; in Russian)</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Florian |date=2012-01-24 |title=Salad Olivier {{!}} Food Perestroika |url=https://foodperestroika.com/2012/01/23/salad-olivier/ |access-date=2024-08-12 |language=en-US}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-22 |title=3 National Russian Dishes - Friendly Local Guides Blog |url=https://friendlylocalguides.com/blog/russia-3-national-dishes |access-date=2024-08-16 |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ===S=== | |||
| ] called Kräftskiva]] | |||
| * ]: ], ] | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2231281/lifestyle|title=Jareesh, maqshush announced as Saudi Arabia's national dishes |date=12 January 2023}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Joe"/> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite book|author=Encyclopedia Britannica|title=The New Encyclopedia Britannica|volume=1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aoVUAAAAMAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|isbn=978-0-85229-787-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pssZAQAAIAAJ&q=cevapcici|title=Countries and Their Cultures: Saint Kitts and Nevis to Zimbabwe|page=68|isbn=978-0-02-864946-7|last1=Ember|first1=Melvin|year=2001|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=TravelSerbia|access-date=9 August 2010|url=http://www.travelserbia.info/serbian-cuisine.php|title=Serbian cuisine}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite book|author1=Pamela Goyan Kittler|author2=Kathryn P. Sucher|author3=Marcia Nahikian-Nelms|title=Food and Culture, 6th ed.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R06H7WabJuMC&pg=PA410|date=August 2011|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-538-73497-4|page=410|quote=Large, thin meat patties made from lamb and beef, known as pljeskavica, are considered a national dish of Serbia but are also a favorite with Bosnians and Croatians}}</ref> ] (pastry),<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.serbia.com/english/discover-serbia/the-serbian-way/traditional-cuisine/gibanica| title=Gibanica, a pie like no other|publisher=serbia.com | access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web|title=You are being redirected...|url=http://www.serbia.com/karadordeva-steak-the-invention-of-a-great-serbian-chef/|access-date=21 February 2022|website=www.serbia.com|date=15 April 2015 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web|title=You are being redirected...|url=http://www.serbia.com/sarma-a-dish-you-never-get-tired-of/|access-date=21 February 2022|website=www.serbia.com|date=4 December 2012 }}</ref> ]{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnngo.com/singapore/none/hunt-singapores-next-national-dish-630473 |title=The quest for Singapore's next national dish |publisher=CNN |date=26 January 2010 |access-date=7 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614233721/http://www.cnngo.com/singapore/none/hunt-singapores-next-national-dish-630473 |archive-date=14 June 2012 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Kugiya |first=Hugo |url=http://crosscut.com/2010/03/18/food/19683/Singapore-s-national-dish:-Hainan-chicken-rice/ |title=Singapore's national dish: Hainan chicken rice |work=Crosscut.com |date=18 March 2010 |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831041040/http://crosscut.com/2010/03/18/food/19683/Singapore-s-national-dish%3A-Hainan-chicken-rice/ |archive-date=31 August 2011 }}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite book |author=Peter Turner |author2=Chris Taylor |author3=Hugh Finlay |title=Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei: A Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications|year=1996 |isbn=978-086-442-393-1|page=78}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slovak-republic.org/food/ |title=National Food |publisher=Slovak Republic|access-date=1 August 2010}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]] ]s<ref>{{cite web|url=https://doodles.google/doodle/slovenia-national-day-2018/|title=Slovenia National Day 2018 Doodle|date=25 June 2018|access-date=23 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://slovenia.si/this-is-slovenia/ajda-koristna-za-ljudi-in-cebele/|title=Ajda - koristna za ljudi in čebele|author= Tanja Glogovčan Belančić|date=28 May 2020|publisher=Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia|access-date=23 August 2010}}</ref> (particularly ]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findeatlocal.com/en/blog/post/buckwheat-dumplings-ajdovi-struklji/|title=Buckwheat dumplings – Ajdovi štruklji|publisher=Find Eat Local|access-date=23 August 2010|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122051853/https://www.findeatlocal.com/en/blog/post/buckwheat-dumplings-ajdovi-struklji/}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.slovenia.si/visit/cuisine/modern-culinary-trends/idrijski-zlikrofi-a-true-speciality-of-idrija/|publisher=Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia |author=Polona Prešeren|date=April 2010 |access-date=23 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427001158/http://www.slovenia.si/visit/cuisine/modern-culinary-trends/idrijski-zlikrofi-a-true-speciality-of-idrija/|title=Idrijski žlikrofi – a true speciality of Idrija |archive-date=27 April 2013 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Crais McClendon 2013 p. 64">{{cite book | last1=Crais | first1=C. | last2=McClendon | first2=T.V. | title=The South Africa Reader: History, Culture, Politics | publisher=Duke University Press | series=The World Readers | year=2013 | isbn=978-0-8223-7745-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pQf1AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA64 | page=64}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/pacific-nw-magazine/spains-tortilla-de-patatas-is-simply-satisfying/|title=Spain's tortilla de patatas is simply satisfying|access-date=18 May 2011 | work=The Seattle Times|first=Melissa|last=Kronenthal|date=1 May 2010}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/travel/ct-xpm-2011-06-28-sc-trav-0628-strip-barcelona-20110628-story.html|title=5 must tastes of Barcelona|date=28 June 2011 | work=The Chicago Tribune |first=Irene |last=Levine|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/02/octopus-aquaculture-debate/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224151536/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/02/octopus-aquaculture-debate/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 24, 2020 |author= Eric Scigliano |title=The world wants to eat more octopus. Is farming them ethical?|date=21 February 2020|website=National Geographic |access-date=26 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=▷ What is the national dish of Spain? ⭐ 【 ¡Discover it! 】 |url=https://traditionalspanishfood.com/national-dish-of-spain/ |access-date=2024-08-31 |website=Traditional Spanish Food |language=es}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.comunitatvalenciana.com/taxonomy/term/25458|title=Paella, on the way to becoming a World Heritage Site|publisher=]|access-date=19 February 2020|quote=''For the Region of Valencia, paella is much more than a recipe, it is a ritual and an icon of our culture.''}}{{Dead link|date=March 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Diario16|url=http://mediterraneo.diario16.com/la-paella-valenciana-quiere-patrimonio-la-humanidad|last=Panadero |first=Amparo |date=11 March 2019|title=La paella valenciana quiere ser Patrimonio de la Humanidad|access-date=19 February 2020|language=es|quote=''En el caso de la paella valenciana, se trata de una tradición culinaria y social que constituye un icono de hospitalidad y un símbolo de unión e identidad valencianas ...''}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.go-lanka.com/sri-lanka/food.html|title=Sri Lanka Food Rice & Curry|access-date=18 May 2011}}</ref> ]<ref name="Herald"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nationalfoods.org/recipe/national-dish-of-suriname-pom/|title=National Dish of Suriname Pom|website=National Dishes of the World|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="swedentravelnet.com">{{cite web |url=http://swedentravelnet.com/sweden-food-amp-drink.html |title=Food and Drink in Sweden: Sweden Travel Guide |publisher=Swedentravelnet.com |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116220136/http://swedentravelnet.com/sweden-food-amp-drink.html |archive-date=16 November 2018 }}</ref><ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref name="swedentravelnet.com"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Lifestyle/Traditions/Celebrating-the-Swedish-way/The-crayfish-party/ |title=The crayfish party |publisher=Sweden.Se |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023258/https://sweden.se/culture-traditions/the-crayfish-party/ }}</ref> ] (fermented Baltic herring),<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4867024.stm|title=Airlines ban 'foul' Swedish fish|date=1 April 2006|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714131650/http://cederling.multiply.com/recipes/item/3/3 |date=14 July 2011 }}</ref> ] with potatoes,<ref>{{cite news |title=Margot Wallström om sill & potatis|newspaper=Sveriges Radio |date=8 March 2017 |url=https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2024&artikel=6647418 |access-date=17 October 2024|language=sv}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Forslag/Motioner/Ostkaka-som-Sveriges-nationalr_GS02K378/?text=true |title=Motion 2004/05:K378 Ostkaka som Sveriges nationalrätt |publisher=riksdagen.se |access-date=3 April 2014 |language=sv}}</ref> ] (savory sandwich cake)<ref>{{cite web |title=Mynewsdesk |date=13 September 2022 |url=https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/polarbrod_ab/pressreleases/upprop-foer-smoergaastaartan-som-svensk-nationalraett-3203640 |access-date=17 October 2024 |language=Swedish}}</ref> and ].<ref>{{cite news |title=Surströmming eller kebabpizza - som Sveriges nationalrätt?|newspaper=Sveriges Radio |date=15 February 2017 |url=https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6631043 |access-date=17 October 2024 |language=Swedish}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ], ], ] (core national dishes).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.eda.admin.ch/aboutswitzerland/en/home/gesellschaft/schweizer-kueche/schweizer-spezialitaeten.html | title=Switzerland's national dishes | work=] | publisher=] | access-date=18 January 2023 |quote=Some traditional Swiss dishes, such as fondue and raclette, are more typically eaten in the winter. Others, such as muesli – also known in Switzerland as Birchermüesli – and rösti are popular all year round and come in many variations.}}</ref> Other dishes: ] (national sausage),<ref name=NYT2008>{{cite news|title=Swiss Sausage Fans Fret Over How to Save Their Skin|date=3 February 2008|author=John Tagliabue|author-link=John Tagliabue|newspaper=]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/03/world/europe/03sausage.html}}</ref><ref name="Joe"/> ],<ref name="BBCGood">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/top-10-foods-try-switzerland#:~:text=Rosti%2C%20Valaisanne%2Dstyle,traditionally%20eat%20it%20for%20breakfast.|title=Top 10 foods to try in Switzerland|last=Zaino |first=Caitlin |website=BBC Goodfood |publisher=BBC |access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=15 Traditional Swiss Dishes To Try in Switzerland – Switzerland Trip Ideas {{!}} Viator.com |url=https://www.viator.com/en-IE/blog/Around-Switzerland-in-Top-Swiss-Dishes/l98102 |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Viator |language=en-IE}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Geographic"/> | |||
| ===T=== | |||
| ], national dish of Thailand]] | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Tajik">{{cite web|url=https://foodperestroika.com/2013/10/15/qurutob-tajikistans-national-dish/ |title=Qurutob, Tajikistan's National Dish|publisher=Food Perestroika|date= 15 October 2013|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> ]<ref name="Tajik"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/nzkpaq/qurutob |title=Qurutob Recipe|author=Florian Pinel |work=Vice.com |date=10 January 2014|access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|title=National Dish of Taiwan Beef Noodle Soup|url=https://nationalfoods.org/recipe/national-dish-of-taiwan-beef-noodle-soup/|publisher=National Foods Org.|access-date=22 July 2020}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web|title=In Appreciation of Taiwan's 'National Dish'—Braised Pork Ricep|url=https://english.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=1995|publisher=National Foods Org.|access-date=22 July 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://haydom-friends.org/en/ideas/chipsi-mayai-the-most-famous-national-dish-of-the-tanzanians-here-quite-simply-to-recook/ |title=Chipsi mayai Tanzania's national dish |date=6 February 2020 |access-date=19 October 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ], ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkok.com/thai-food/typical-thai-meals-and-eating-habits.htm |title=Typical Thai Meals & Eating Habits |publisher=Bangkok.com|access-date=7 July 2010}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/bangkok/restaurants/best-somtum-places-in-bangkok|title=Best places to eat somtum in Bangkok |publisher=Time Out|author= Phavitch Theeraphong and Sopida Rodsom |date= 21 February 2018|access-date=20 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]:crab and callaloo, ],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2020/12/24/what-it-takes-to-make-doubles-a-national-dish/|title=What it takes to make doubles a national dish|date=24 December 2020|website=Trinidad and Tobago Newsday|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gotourismguides.com/trinidadandtobago/popular-dishes-trinidad-tobago/|title=Popular Dishes in Trinidad & Tobago|date=19 November 2014|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.guardian.co.tt/article/bake-and-shark-recipe-6.2.1120373.26209746d6 | title=Bake and Shark Recipe }}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web | title=Quick food made with chickpeas and curry: Trinidad's national dish | website=caribbean-sun.com| url=http://www.caribbean-sun.com/reviews/62/Quick+food+made+with+chickpeas+and+curry%3A+Trinidad%5C%27s+national+dish+.html#:~:text=Curry%20sauce%20instead%20of%20ketchup,Indian%20immigrants%20some%20decades%20ago | access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: curry crab and dumplings<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.winemag.com/recipe/crab-and-dumplings-tobago/|title=Crab and Dumplings (Tobago)|website=Wine Enthusiast|access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Joe"/> ]<ref>{{cite web|title=The Storied History Of A Tunisian Tuna Pastry Called Bric|date=5 June 2012|publisher=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/06/04/154297053/the-storied-history-of-a-tunisian-tuna-pastry-called-bric}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] with ],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ktb.gov.tr/EN-99118/pilaf.html |title=Pilaf|publisher=Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism|access-date= 20 August 2020}}</ref><ref> Sabah</ref> ],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qLqqRy9dFGYC&q=Travels+in+Turkey,+Italy+and+Russia+During+the+Years+1803,+1804,+1805,+and+1806:+With+an+Account+of+Some+of+the+Greek+Islands,+Volume+2|publisher=J. Murray|year= 1808|author=Thomas MacGill|title=Travels in Turkey, Italy and Russia During the Years 1803, 1804, 1805, and 1806: With an Account of Some of the Greek Islands, Volume 2|page=127|isbn=978-2-06-100063-2}}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news |title=Gaziantep: The Little Known Culinary Paradise of Turkey|url=https://www.thequint.com/neon/gaziantep-the-little-known-culinary-paradise-of-italy |publisher=]|author= PUJA CHANGOIWALA|date=23 July 2019 |access-date=25 August 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ooh la la over baklava|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/living/living-front-page/ooh-la-la-over-baklava-777222.htm|publisher=Deccan Herald|author= Aruna Chandaraju|date=26 August 2020 |access-date=26 August 2020 }}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Alisa|last=Roth|title=Simit: Turkey's National Bread|journal=Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture|date=1 November 2012|volume=12|issue=4|pages=31–36|doi=10.1525/GFC.2012.12.4.31|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/gastronomica/article/12/4/31/44207/Simit-Turkey-s-National-Bread|access-date=26 August 2010}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ===U=== | |||
| ] – in this example, ]es, ]s is a national dish of the ] – the addition of mini ]s here mark this variation as specifically ].]] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="National">{{cite news|newspaper=CNN Travel|url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/my-national-dish-cnnfood|title=#CNNFood challenge: What's your country's national dish? |date=18 September 2015|publisher=CNN|access-date= 20 August 2020}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ], ],<ref name="Besussenko_Borscht">{{citation |author=Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) |title=Українська нацiональна кухня |contribution=Борщ |page=31 |publisher= Сталкер |date=2002}} ({{citation |editor=L. M. Bezussenko |title=Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine |contribution=Borscht |page=31 |publisher=Stalker Publishers |date=2002 |language=uk}})</ref><ref name="Pokhlyobkin_Dict_Borscht">{{citation |author=В. В. Похлёбкин |title=Кулинарный словарь от А до Я |url=http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/dic_culinary/300/борщ |publisher=Центрполиграф |date=2000}} ({{citation |author=William Pokhlyobkin |author-link=William Pokhlyobkin |title=The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z |contribution=Borscht |language=ru |publisher=Centrpoligraf |date=2000}})</ref> ]<ref name="Besussenko_Varenyky">{{citation |author=Л. М. Безусенко (ред.) |title=Українська нацiональна кухня |contribution=Вареники |publisher= Сталкер |date=2002}} ({{citation |editor=L. M. Bezussenko |title=Ukrainian Ethnic Cuisine |contribution=Varenyky |page=181 |publisher= Stalker Publishers |date=2002 |language=uk}})</ref><ref name="Pokhlyobkin_Dict_Varenyky">{{citation |author=В. В. Похлёбкин |title=Кулинарный словарь от А до Я |contribution= Вареники |page=181 |publisher=Центрполиграф |date=2000}} ({{citation |author=William Pokhlyobkin |author-link=William Pokhlyobkin |title=The Culinary Dictionary from A to Z |language=ru |publisher=Centrpoligraf |date=2000}})</ref> | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref name="AE">{{cite web | url=https://www.bestattravel.co.uk/the-edit/abu-dhabi/what-to-eat-drink-in-abu-dhabi/#:~:text=Khuzi,nutmeg%20%E2%80%93%20create%20a%20rich%20flavour | title=Food & Drink in Abu Dhabi | date=February 2021 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>"Fish and Chips," in ''Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eat'' (2011). Ed. Andrew F. Smith. ABC-CLIO .<br />Darwin Porter and Danforth Prince, Frommer's England 2011: With Wales (2010). John Wiley & Sons: p. 163.<br />Heston Blumenthal, ''In Search of Total Perfection'' (2010). Bloomsbury: .<br />, Historic UK.<br />Heston Blumenthal, ''Further Adventures in Search of Perfection''<br />{{cite book |last = Roy, Parama |year = 2010 |title = Alimentary Tracts: Appetites, Aversions, and the Postcolonial |publisher = Duke University Press| location = Durham N.C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pZRpqNwwwZUC |isbn = 978-0-8223-4788-0 |ref = none}} </ref> | |||
| ** ]: Cornish ]<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs |date=22 February 2011 |title=Cornish pasties can't be pirated |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/cornish-pasties-can-t-be-pirated |access-date=21 July 2022 |work=gov.uk}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: Devonshire ],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simon |date=2023-04-29 |title=History of the Devon Cream Tea |url=https://visitdartmoor.co.uk/history-of-the-devon-cream-tea/ |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=VisitDartmoor |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamplin |first=Harley |date=2017-06-17 |title=Historians reveal the Cornish Pasty was invented in Devon and now there's beef |url=https://metro.co.uk/2017/06/17/historians-reveal-the-cornish-pasty-was-invented-in-devon-and-now-theres-major-beef-6715434/ |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=Metro |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|date=13 September 2011|title=Top 10 National Dishes -- National Geographic|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014060413/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 14, 2016|access-date=8 August 2020|website=Travel|language=en}}</ref> (especially ]),<ref>Robert Appelbaum, ''Aguecheek's Beef, Belch's Hiccup, and Other Gastronomic Interjections: Literature, Culture, and Food Among the Early Moderns'' (2006). University of Chicago Press, p. 214<br />Yee Chiang, The Silent Traveller in London (1939). Interlink: p. 157.</ref>]s,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crumpet Man, the history of crumpets |url=https://crumpetman.com/crumpet-history |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=crumpetman.com}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Made up in Britain: Custard : Alfred Bird 1837 |url=https://madeupinbritain.uk/Custard |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=madeupinbritain.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Alfred Bird |date=2024-03-07 |work=Misplaced Pages |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Alfred_Bird&oldid=1212278166 |access-date=2024-05-17 |language=en}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-12 |title=American by Association ⎮ Milk + Honey |url=https://milkandhoneythebakery.com/american-by-association-apple-pie-recipe/ |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=Milk + Honey |language=en-US}}</ref> ] (particularly ])<ref>Peter Earle. ''The Making of the English Middle Class: Business, Society and Family Life in London 1660-1730'' (1989). University of California Press: p. 279.<br />''Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery'' (1883), p. 137.<br />''About Plum Pudding'', ''Everyday Housekeeping: A Magazine for Practical Housekeepers and Mothers'' (Vol. 13-14), p. 97.</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europeancuisines.com/Ireland-Irish-Ulster-Fry-Recipe |title=Ireland: Ulster Fry (March 10, 2008) |publisher=European Cuisines |date=10 March 2008 |access-date=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ],<ref>Sari Edelstein. ''Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals'' (2010). Jones & Bartlett : p. 118.<br />Lesley Anne Rose, Michael Macaroon, and Vivienne Crow. ''Frommer's Scotland'' (2012). John Wiley & Sons: p. 28.</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-17 |title=Deep Fried Mars Bars Recipe |url=https://frymax.co.uk/frying-tips/deep-fried-mars-bars-recipe/ |access-date=2024-08-18 |website=Frymax |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foodmuseum.com/wales.html |title=Welsh national dish |publisher=Foodmuseum.com |access-date=4 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715175929/http://www.foodmuseum.com/wales.html|archive-date=15 July 2010}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref name="Walsh2017" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Crawford|first=Constance|title=The Muse of Menus: Stories from Life and Cooking|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KHbgAAAAMAAJ|year=1988|publisher=J. Daniel|isbn=978-0-936784-64-9|page=113}}<br />{{cite book|author=Raymond A. Sokolov|title=Fading Feast: A Compendium of Disappearing American Regional Foods|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGuf-gWg4YcC&pg=PA13|year=1998|publisher=David R. Godine|isbn=978-1-56792-037-6|page=13}}<br />{{cite news |last=Mann |first=Bill |date=10 May 2012 |title=Will poutine become Canada's national dish? |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/will-poutine-become-canadas-national-dish-2012-05-10 |work=MarketWatch |location=Vancouver |access-date=15 May 2020 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014060413/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/top-10/national-food-dishes/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 14, 2016 |title=Top 10 National Dishes |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=13 September 2011 |website=National Geographic |url-access=subscription |access-date=1 January 2020}}<br />{{cite book|author=Eric Schlosser|title=Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dU13X_AM_N8C&pg=PA197|year=2012|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-547-75033-0|pages=197–199}}</ref><ref name="Stewart2016">{{cite book|author=Mark Stewart|title=The United States and Canada|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=21PMDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA40|date=August 2016|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-1-4846-3814-9|page=40}}</ref> ],<ref name="Walsh2017">{{cite book|author=Danny Walsh|title=Recipes for Reminiscence: The Year in Food-Related Memories, Activities and Tastes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pTArDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA125|date=5 July 2017|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-351-70537-0|page=125}}</ref><ref name="Stewart2016" /> ], ], ],<ref name="Stewart2016" /><ref>{{cite book|author=George Frederick Scotson-Clark|title=Eating Without Fears|url=https://archive.org/details/33330800R.nlm.nih.gov|year=1923|publisher=N.L. Brown|page=}}</ref> ]es and ] (historical)<ref>{{cite book|last=Smyth|first=Clifford|title=The Literary Digest International Book Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RC_ardtR-IIC&pg=PA637|year=1924|publisher=Funk and Wagnalls Company|page=637}}<br />{{cite book|title=Industrial Development and Manufacturers' Record|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d3U9AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA19-PA42|year=1917|publisher=Conway Publications.|page=19}}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite book |last=Trumbull |first=Robert |date=1977 |title=Tin Roofs and Palm Trees |chapter=Two Samoas |url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/114917/2/b11178917.pdf |via=Australian National University |publisher=Australian National University Press |page=196 |isbn=0-7081-0744-3 }}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Martinez |first=Lacee A.C. |date=19 May 2016 |title=Pucker up: Yigo to celebrate first citrus festival |url=https://www.guampdn.com/story/life/2016/05/18/pucker-up-yigo-celebrates-first-citrus-festival/84468512/ |work=Pacific Daily News |location=Guam |access-date=4 January 2020 }}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite news |last=Kramer |first=Hilary |date=24 August 2013 |title=Spam Is For Eating --- Not Deleting |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hilarykramer/2013/08/24/spam-is-for-eating-not-deleting/#55f43384b0dc |work=Forbes |access-date=4 January 2020 }}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: Kelaguen<ref>{{cite book|last=Minahan|first=James B.|title=The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jfrWCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA139|date=23 December 2009|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-34497-8|page=139}}<br />{{cite news |last=Wise |first=Naomi |date=10 March 2005 |title=Your Special Island |url=https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2005/mar/10/your-special-island/# |work=San Diego Reader |access-date=4 January 2020 }}</ref> | |||
| ** ]: ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Squires |first=Kathleen |date=5 December 2014 |title=Where to Find the Best Roast Pork in Puerto Rico |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-search-of-puerto-ricos-pork-perfecto-1417810943 |work=The Wall Street Journal |location=New York City |access-date=14 February 2020 }}<br />{{cite news |last=Claiborne |first=Craig |date=5 July 1978 |title=A 'Casual' Dinner in Puerto Rico |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/07/05/archives/a-casual-dinner-in-puerto-rico-dining-with-puerto-ricos-governor.html |url-access=subscription |work=The New York Times |access-date=14 February 2020 }}<br />{{cite book|last=Philpott|first=Don|title=Landmark Puerto Rico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k7qI0Exe3lMC&pg=PA28|date=28 February 2003|publisher=Landmark Publishing Limited|isbn=978-1-901522-34-1|page=28}}<br />{{cite news |last=Ritschel |first=Chelsea |date=11 December 2019 |title=What Christmas Dinner Looks Like Around The World |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/christmas-dinner-world-countries-pictures-uk-us-japan-norway-europe-turkey-a8691631.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/christmas-dinner-world-countries-pictures-uk-us-japan-norway-europe-turkey-a8691631.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=Independent |location=United Kingdom |access-date=14 February 2020 }}</ref> ],<ref>{{cite news |last=Mariano |first=Maureen Aimee |date=4 April 2016 |title=The Five Best Places for Mofongo in Miami |url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/restaurants/the-five-best-places-for-mofongo-in-miami-8352194 |work=Miami New Times |access-date=3 January 2020 }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://www.aihd.ku.edu/foods/FoodsofPuertoRico.html |title=Foods of Puerto Rico |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=American Indian Health and Diet Project |publisher=Kansas University |access-date=3 January 2020 |quote=Popular foods in Puerto Rico include the national dish, mofongo (below), made with fried and mashed plantains that are mixed with shrimp, bacon, olive oil and garlic. }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20130711-on-the-mofongo-trail-in-puerto-rico |title=On the mofongo trail in Puerto Rico |last=Zaino |first=Caitlin |date=15 July 2013 |website=Travel |publisher=BBC |access-date=3 January 2020 |quote=From urban Old San Juan to the beaches of Isla Verde, past the cities of Bayamón and Ponce, through lush rainforest and striking coastlines, mofongo proudly stands as Puerto Rico's unofficial national dish. }}<br />{{cite book|last=Pitzer|first=Kurt|title=Puerto Rico's Cordillera Central|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZcDYEgRzIIC&pg=PT24|date=2 September 2009|publisher=Hunter Publishing, Inc|isbn=978-1-58843-796-9|page=24}}</ref> ] | |||
| ** ]: ]<ref>{{cite book|last=Minahan|first=James B.|title=The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jfrWCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA769|date=23 December 2009|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-34497-8|page=769}}<br />{{cite book|author=Fodor's Travel Guides|title=Fodor's U.S. & British Virgin Islands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=27TnDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT124|date=10 October 2017|publisher=Fodor's Travel|isbn=978-0-14-754695-1|page=124}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref name="Joe"/> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orexca.com/cuisine_plov.shtml |title=Cuisine of Uzbekistan. Uzbek national dish :: Plov |publisher=Orexca.com |access-date=3 October 2013}}<br />{{cite web|url=http://www.uzbekcuisine.com/index.html |title=Welcome to Uzbek National Cuisine! |publisher=Uzbekcuisine.com |access-date=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ===V=== | |||
| ], national dish of Venezuela]] | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2008/s2528790.htm|title=Correspondents Report - The secrets of Vanuatu's national dish, the Lap Lap|website=www.abc.net.au|date=24 April 2021 |access-date=10 July 2021}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: Fettuccine alla Papalina (unofficial)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-22 |title=National Dishes of the World – Ranked |url=https://thehungryvoyagers.travel.blog/national-dishes-of-the-world-ranked/ |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=The Hungry Voyagers |language=en}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/south-america/venezuela/articles/ox-s-eyeballs-and-a-side-of-trout-ice-cream/ |title=The Best and Wackiest Foods to Try in Venezuela |date=2 March 2015 }}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://people.howstuffworks.com/culture-traditions/national-traditions/venezuelan-tradition1.htm |title=How Venezuelan Traditions Work |date=25 July 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ===Y=== | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cRKBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA154 | title=Asian Cooking Made Simple: A Culinary Journey along the Silk Road and Beyond | publisher=Habeeb Salloum | author=Salloum, Habeeb | year=2014 | pages=154–162 | isbn=978-1-59152-134-1}}</ref> | |||
| ===Z=== | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why Africa should 'stop eating one of its favourite foods'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-49714037|author=Pumza Fihlani|date=17 September 2019|access-date=28 August 2020|website=BBC}}</ref> | |||
| * ]: ]<ref>{{Cite book|title=Africa Overland|author=Bob Gibbons, Siân Pritchard-Jones|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iE6DAwAAQBAJ&q=%22national+dish%22+zimbabwe&pg=PA177|access-date=28 August 2020|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|date=2 May 2014|isbn=978-184-162-494-5|page=177}}</ref> | |||
| ==Latin American dishes== | |||
| In ], dishes may be claimed or designated as a ''plato nacional'',<ref>. ''linguee.com''.</ref> although in many cases, recipes transcend national borders with only minor variations.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} Preparations of ] are endemic in ] and ], while a thin cut of beef known as ] is considered close to being a national dish in ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leavenworthtimes.com/article/20100603/news/306039804|publisher=Leavenworth Times|author=Jim Hillibish|date=3 June 2010|title=Boiling Point: Matambre a South American spin on Italian beef|access-date=23 August 2020|archive-date=23 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023134338/https://www.leavenworthtimes.com/article/20100603/news/306039804|url-status=dead}}</ref> Stews of ], ], and ]s are the ''platos nacionales'' of several countries in ], ], and the ]: Colombian '']'', as well as the '']'' of the ], ], and ], are examples of platos nacionales. Janer (2008) observes that this sharing of the same ''plato nacional'' by different countries calls into question the idea that every country has a unique national dish that is special to that country; she states that cuisine does not respect national and geopolitical borders.<ref name=Janer2008 /> | |||
| The identification of Latin American national dishes is stronger among expatriate communities in North America.<ref name=Janer2008 /> In Latin American countries, the ''plato nacional''<ref>{{Cite web |last=online |first=testing |date=12 December 1990 |title=plato nacional |url=https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/el%20plato%20nacional |website=]}}</ref> is usually part of the cuisine of rural and peasant communities, and not necessarily part of the everyday cuisine of city dwellers. In expatriate communities, the dish is strongly reclaimed in order to retain the sense of national identity and ties to one's homeland, and is proudly served in homes and restaurants. By this show of national identity, the community can resist social pressures that push for homogenization of many ethnically and culturally diverse communities into a single all-encompassing group identity, such as ] or ].<ref name=Janer2008 /> | |||
| ==Gallery== | |||
| <gallery mode="packed"> | |||
| File:Kababi alborz2.jpg|], a national dish of ] | |||
| File:Ćevapčići Neugilching.jpg|], considered a national dish in several Balkan states | |||
| File:Couscous of Fes.JPG|], national dish of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia | |||
| File:Hainanese Chicken Rice.jpg|], a national dish of ] | |||
| File:Pho quay.JPG|], Vietnamese noodle soup, considered a Vietnamese national dish | |||
| File:Ndolé camerounais.JPG|] from Cameroon | |||
| File:Parmesan Cheese Parmigiano-Reggiano.jpg|], also known as Parmesan, is considered one of the national dishes of Italy | |||
| File:La Banquise Poutine.jpg|], considered one of the national dishes of Canada | |||
| File:Polu.jpg|] (O'sh), a national dish in the ] | |||
| File:04565 Christmas dumplings with dried plums.JPG|''Pierogi ruskie'', ] dumplings of ],<ref>Helena Szymanderska. Polska wigilia. 2000</ref> a national dish of ]. | |||
| File:Senegalese Thieboudienne.JPG|], Senegal national meal | |||
| File:Borscht served.jpg|Ukrainian ] | |||
| </gallery> | |||
| ==Drink== | |||
| ===National drinks=== | |||
| {{Main|List of national drinks}} | |||
| A ] is a distinct beverage that is strongly associated with a particular country, and can be part of their national identity and self-image. ] fall into two categories, alcoholic and non-alcoholic. An alcoholic ] is sometimes a ] drank straight/neat (as in the case of whiskey in Ireland), but is most often a mixed drink (e.g., caipirinhas in Brazil and pisco sours in Peru and Chile), or beer or wine. Examples of non-alcoholic ] include tea for China, Coca-Cola for the US, lassis for India, mate for Uruguay, and kompot for East European nations. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| {{Portal bar|Food|Society}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist|refs= | |||
| <ref name=Janer2008>{{Cite book|title=Latino food culture|series=Food cultures in America|author=Zilkia Janer|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2008|isbn=978-0-313-34027-7|pages=71–73}}</ref> | |||
| |colwidth=30em | |||
| }} | |||
| {{National symbols}} | |||
| {{Lists of prepared foods}} | |||
| {{Cuisine}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:National Dish}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 07:45, 18 December 2024
Culinary dish strongly associated with a particular country
A national dish is a culinary dish that is strongly associated with a particular country. A dish can be considered a national dish for a variety of reasons:
- It is a staple food, made from a selection of locally available foodstuffs that can be prepared in a distinctive way, such as fruits de mer, served along the west coast of France.
- It contains a particular ingredient that is produced locally, such as a paprika grown in the European Pyrenees.
- It is served as a festive culinary tradition that forms part of a cultural heritage—for example, barbecues at summer camp or fondue at dinner parties—or as part of a religious practice, such as Korban Pesach or Iftar celebrations.
- It has been promoted as a national dish, by the country itself, such as the promotion of fondue as a national dish of Switzerland by the Swiss Cheese Union (Schweizerische Käseunion) in the 1930s.
National dishes are part of a nation's identity and self-image. During the age of European empire-building, nations would develop a national cuisine to distinguish themselves from their rivals.
Some countries such as Mexico, China or India, because of their diverse ethnic populations, cultures, and cuisines, do not have a single national dish, even unofficially. Furthermore, because national dishes are so interwoven into a nation's sense of identity, strong emotions and conflicts can arise when trying to choose a country's national dish.
By country
This is not a definitive list of national dishes, but rather a list of some foods that have been suggested to be national dishes.
A
- Afghanistan: kabuli palaw
- Albania: tavë kosi, flia
- Algeria: couscous, rechta
- Andorra: escudella i carn d'olla
- Angola: moamba de galinha
- Antigua and Barbuda: fungee and pepperrpot
- Argentina: asado, empanada, matambre, locro
- Armenia: khorovats, harisa (not to be confused with the North African pepper paste harissa)
- Aruba: Keshi yena
- Australia: roast lamb, meat pie, Vegemite on toast
- Austria: Wiener schnitzel
- Azerbaijan: dolma
B
- Bahamas: crack conch with rice and peas
- Bahrain: kabsa
- Bangladesh: Rice and fish (particularly ilish)
- Barbados: cou-cou and flying fish
- Belarus: draniki
- Belgium: frites (particularly served with mussels or steak), carbonade flamande, waterzooi, chocolate mousse, Belgian waffle
- Belize: rice and beans
- Benin: kuli-kuli
- Bhutan: ema datshi
- Bolivia: salteñas
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosnian pot, ćevapi, burek
- Botswana: seswaa
- Brazil: feijoada
- Brunei: ambuyat
- Bulgaria: Shopska salad, banitsa
- Burkina Faso: riz gras
- Burundi: boko boko
C
- Cambodia: fish amok, num banhchok, samlar kako
- Cameroon: ndolé
- Canada: poutine, macaroni and cheese, butter tarts, Nanaimo bar, tourtière
- Cape Verde: cachupa
- Central African Republic: cassava
- Chad: boule
- Chile: empanada, pastel de choclo, marraqueta.
- China: Peking duck, crayfish, hot pot, dumpling, malaxiangguo, dim sum, kaolengmian, tanghulu
- Colombia: ajiaco, bandeja paisa
- Comoros: Langouste a la vanille (vanilla lobster)
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: poulet à la moambé
- Republic of the Congo: poulet moambé
- Costa Rica: casado, chifrijo (chicharrón or deep fried seasoned pork pieces served with beans, usually red or black beans), white rice and pico de gallo (it may be served with avocado and/or corn chips), gallo pinto, olla de carne (stewed beef soup with a variety of vegetables).
- Croatia: zagorski štrukli, jota, pašticada (Dalmatia)
- Cuba: ropa vieja
- Cyprus: souvla, kleftiko, trachanás
- Czech Republic: vepřo knedlo zelo (Roast pork with dumplings and sauerkraut), svíčková, paštika
D
- Denmark: stegt flæsk, smørrebrød
- Djibouti: skoudehkaris
- Dominica: mountain chicken (historical), callaloo
- Dominican Republic: La bandera (rice, beans and meat)
E
- Ecuador: encebollado, guatitas, fanesca
- Egypt: ful medames, kushari, molokhiya, taʿamiya
- El Salvador: pupusa
- Equatorial Guinea: Succotash
- Eritrea: zigini with injera
- Estonia: kama
- Eswatini: karoo roast ostrich steak
- Ethiopia: doro wat with injera
F
- Fiji: Fiji kokoda (Fijian ceviche)
- Finland: rye bread, Karelian pie, karjalanpaisti, lohikeitto, Joulutorttu
- France: escargot, pot-au-feu, beef bourguignon, blanquette de veau, steak frites, baguette, cassoulet, cheese, crêpe, crème caramel, croissant, poule au pot (historical)
G
- Gabon: poulet nyembwe
- The Gambia: domoda
- Georgia: khachapuri, khinkali
- Germany: schnitzel, schweinshaxe, bratwurst, sauerbraten, döner kebab, currywurst, eisbein with sauerkraut
- Ghana: fufu, jollof rice
- Greece: horiatiki, moussaka, fasolada souvlaki, gyros, magiritsa, kokoretsi
- Grenada: oil down
- Guatemala: pepián
- Guinea: poulet yassa
- Guinea-Bissau: caldo de mancarra
- Guyana: pepperpot and chicken curry
H
- Haiti: griot, soup joumou
- Honduras: baleada
- Hong Kong: pineapple bun, dim sum
- Hungary: goulash
- Hawai'i: Saimin
I
- Iceland: lamb, hákarl
- India: Biryani, khichdi, butter chicken, dosa, idli
- Indonesia: nasi goreng, tumpeng, satay, soto, rendang, gado gado
- Iran: abgoosht, chelo kabab, ghormeh sabzi
- Iraq: masgouf, dolma, Iraqi kebab, quzi
- Ireland: soda bread, butter, Irish stew
- Israel: falafel (served in pita), Israeli salad, shakshouka, meorav Yerushalmi, sabich, Israeli couscous
- Italy: pasta, pizza, risotto, mozzarella, Parmigiano Reggiano, Italian wine
- Ivory Coast: atcheke
J
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- Jamaica: Ackee and saltfish, jerk chicken
- Japan: sushi, Japanese curry, ramen, tempura, wagashi, sashimi, miso soup
- Jordan: mansaf
K
- Kazakhstan: beshbarmak
- Kenya: ugali with sukuma wiki, githeri, chapati, nyama choma
- Kiribati: Palusami
- Korea, North: raengmyŏn, kimchi
- Korea, South: kimchi, bulgogi, bibimbap, jajangmyeon, bingsu, Tteokbokki
- Kosovo: flia
- Kuwait: Machboos Laham
- Kyrgyzstan: beshbarmak
L
- Laos: larb/laap, sticky rice, tam mak hoong
- Latvia: layered rye bread, sklandrausis, Jāņi cheese, Grey peas
- Lebanon: kibbeh, tabbouleh
- Lesotho: Pap-pap
- Liberia: dumboy
- Libya: Couscous
- Liechtenstein: käsknöpfle
- Lithuania: bigos, cepelinai, šaltibarščiai
- Luxembourg: Judd mat Gaardebounen
M
- Madagascar: romazava
- Malawi: chambo with nshima
- Malaysia: nasi lemak, satay
- Maldives: mas huni
- Mali: tiguadege na
- Malta: stuffat tal-fenek
- Marshall Islands: Barramundi cod, macadamia nut pie
- Mauritius: dholl puri (flatbread stuffed with lentils)
- Mexico: taco, mole poblano, chiles en nogada
- Moldova: mămăligă
- Monaco: barbagiuan
- Mongolia: buuz
- Montenegro: njeguški pršut
- Morocco: couscous, tagine
- Myanmar: mohinga, lahpet thoke
N
- Nauru: coconut fish
- Nepal: Gundruk and Dhido
- Netherlands: stamppot, soused herring with onion and pickles
- New Zealand: meat pie, bacon and egg pie, lamb, pavlova
- Nicaragua: gallo pinto, nacatamal, vigorón
- Niger: dambou
- Nigeria: tuwon shinkafa, Jollof rice, pounded yam and egusi soup
- North Macedonia: tavče gravče
- Norway: fårikål
O
P
- Pakistan: biryani, nihari, chicken karahi, gulab jamun
- Palestine: maqluba, musakhan, falafel
- Panama: sancocho
- Paraguay: Sopa paraguaya
- Peru: ceviche
- Philippines: adobo, sinigang, sisig, pancit, halo-halo
- Poland: bigos, pierogi, kotlet schabowy, Barszcz, Rosół
- Portugal: bacalhau, caldo verde, cozido à portuguesa, Pastel de Belem, Sardinha Assada (Grilled Sardines)
Q
R
- Romania: mămăligă, sarmale, mici
- Russia: beef stroganoff, chicken Kiev, pierogi, borscht, shchi, Kasha, pelmeni, pirozhki, Olivier salad, blini
- Rwanda: ibihaza
S
- San Marino: torta tre monti, piadini
- Saudi Arabia: jareesh, maqshus
- Senegal: thieboudienne
- Serbia: ćevapčići, pljeskavica, gibanica (pastry), Karađorđeva steak, sarma, pasulj
- Singapore: chilli crab, Hainanese chicken rice, Hokkien mee
- Slovakia: pirohi, bryndzové halušky
- Slovenia: cremeschnittebuckwheat dumplings (particularly štruklji), Idrijski žlikrofi
- Somalia: bariis Iskukaris
- South Africa: bobotie
- Spain: tortilla de patatas
- Sri Lanka: rice and curry, kottu
- Suriname: pom
- Sweden: köttbullar, kräftskiva, surströmming (fermented Baltic herring), pickled herring with potatoes, ostkaka, smörgåstårta (savory sandwich cake) and kebab pizza.
- Switzerland: fondue, muesli, raclette, rösti (core national dishes). Other dishes: cervelat (national sausage), Zürcher geschnetzeltes, cordon bleu
- Syria: kibbeh
T
- Tajikistan: osh palov, qurutob
- Taiwan: beef noodle soup, minced pork rice
- Tanzania: chipsi mayai
- Thailand: pad thai, pad gaprao, tom yum kung, som tam
- Togo: fufu
- Tonga: 'ota 'ika
- Trinidad and Tobago:crab and callaloo, doubles, pelau, bake and shark, Roti
- Tobago: curry crab and dumplings
- Tunisia: couscous, brik/bric
- Turkey: kuru fasulye with pilaf/pilau, kebap, baklava, simit
- Tuvalu: pulaka
U
- Uganda: matooke
- Ukraine: chicken Kiev, pierogi, borscht, varenyky
- United Arab Emirates: harees, shuwa
- United Kingdom: fish and chips
- Cornwall: Cornish pasty
- Devon: Devonshire cream tea, pasty
- England: sunday roast (especially roast beef),crumpets, custard, apple pie, pudding (particularly Christmas plum pudding)
- Northern Ireland: Ulster fry
- Scotland: haggis, deep-fried Mars bar
- Wales: cawl
- United States: apple pie, hamburger, hot dog, fried chicken, Salisbury steak, turkey, mashed potatoes and gravy (historical)
- Uruguay: chivito
- Uzbekistan: osh
V
- Vanuatu: laplap
- Vatican City: Fettuccine alla Papalina (unofficial)
- Venezuela: pabellón criollo, arepa
- Vietnam: Pho
Y
Z
Latin American dishes
In Latin America, dishes may be claimed or designated as a plato nacional, although in many cases, recipes transcend national borders with only minor variations. Preparations of ceviche are endemic in Peru and Ecuador, while a thin cut of beef known as matambre is considered close to being a national dish in Paraguay. Stews of meat, plantains, and root vegetables are the platos nacionales of several countries in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean: Colombian ajiaco, as well as the sancocho of the Dominican Republic, Colombia, and Panama, are examples of platos nacionales. Janer (2008) observes that this sharing of the same plato nacional by different countries calls into question the idea that every country has a unique national dish that is special to that country; she states that cuisine does not respect national and geopolitical borders.
The identification of Latin American national dishes is stronger among expatriate communities in North America. In Latin American countries, the plato nacional is usually part of the cuisine of rural and peasant communities, and not necessarily part of the everyday cuisine of city dwellers. In expatriate communities, the dish is strongly reclaimed in order to retain the sense of national identity and ties to one's homeland, and is proudly served in homes and restaurants. By this show of national identity, the community can resist social pressures that push for homogenization of many ethnically and culturally diverse communities into a single all-encompassing group identity, such as Latino or Hispanic American.
Gallery
-
Chelo kabab, a national dish of Iran
-
Ćevapčići, considered a national dish in several Balkan states
-
Couscous, national dish of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia
-
Hainanese chicken rice, a national dish of Singapore
-
Phở, Vietnamese noodle soup, considered a Vietnamese national dish
-
Ndolé from Cameroon
-
Parmigiano Reggiano, also known as Parmesan, is considered one of the national dishes of Italy
-
Poutine, considered one of the national dishes of Canada
-
Pilaf (O'sh), a national dish in the cuisines of Central Asia
-
Pierogi ruskie, Ruthenian dumplings of Kresy, a national dish of Poland.
-
Thieboudienne, Senegal national meal
-
Ukrainian borscht
Drink
National drinks
Main article: List of national drinksA national drink is a distinct beverage that is strongly associated with a particular country, and can be part of their national identity and self-image. National drinks fall into two categories, alcoholic and non-alcoholic. An alcoholic national drink is sometimes a national liquor drank straight/neat (as in the case of whiskey in Ireland), but is most often a mixed drink (e.g., caipirinhas in Brazil and pisco sours in Peru and Chile), or beer or wine. Examples of non-alcoholic national drinks include tea for China, Coca-Cola for the US, lassis for India, mate for Uruguay, and kompot for East European nations.
See also
Portals:
References
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- online, testing (12 December 1990). "plato nacional". spanishdict.
- Helena Szymanderska. Polska wigilia. 2000
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