| Revision as of 17:39, 23 October 2014 editGreyshark09 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers42,564 edits Undid revision 630818041 by 86.183.31.12 (talk) non-encyclopedic← Previous edit | Revision as of 21:24, 24 November 2014 edit undoInactive user 20171 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users4,136 edits Removing creeping (and creepy) POV censorship by user Onceinawhile. It seems now one of the worst pogroms in Middle East has magically become "clashes" in which "both jews and arabs were killed".Next edit → | ||
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| {{expert-subject|1=Jewish history|date=December 2013}} | |||
| {{Infobox civilian attack | {{Infobox civilian attack | ||
| |title=1947 Aden |
|title=1947 Aden pogrom | ||
| |image= | |image= | ||
| |caption=Jewish building burning in Aden on Dec.3, 1947. | |caption=Jewish building burning in Aden on Dec.3, 1947. | ||
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| |time= | |time= | ||
| |timezone= | |timezone= | ||
| |type=] | |type=Violent pogrom, ] | ||
| |fatalities=82 Jews killed<ref name=Ahroni/> | |fatalities=82 Jews killed<ref name=Ahroni/> | ||
| |injuries=76 injured<ref name=Ahroni/> | |injuries=76 injured<ref name=Ahroni/> | ||
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| }} | }} | ||
| The '''1947 Aden |
The '''1947 Aden pogrom''', also known as the '''November 1947 Aden massacre'''<ref name=Ahroni/> was one of the most violent attacks on ] Jewish communities in the Middle East in the modern times, resulting in at least 82 Jews murdered and a wide scale devastation of local Jewish community of Aden, bringing an end to its millennia long history. | ||
| The riots also claimed the lives of 33 Arabs, 4 Muslim Indians and one Somali.<ref>{{citation|last=Parfitt|first=Tudor|authorlink=Tudor Parfitt|year=1996|title=The Road to Redemption: The Jews of the Yemen 1900-1950|publisher=Brill's Series in Jewish Studies vol. XVII|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=S-nu8Z6yNIMC|isbn= 9789004105447}}</ref> | |||
| The riots were a significant embarrassment for the British government, particularly given that the British-raised ] were blamed for causing many unnecessary deaths.{{sfn|Parfitt|1996}} | |||
| ==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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| By the mid-20th century, Aden had a community of several thousand Jews. In the 1930s, there were rare, religiously motivated outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence and a relatively small riot in 1932. In the 1940s, visits of Palestinian Arabs to Aden and expressions of Anti-Jewish sentiments became common.<ref name=Ahroni>Ahroni, R. ''The Jews of the British Crown Colony of Aden: History, Culture, and Ethnic Relations''. Brill, 1994: P210-11.</ref> Adenese educated Arab population had become exposed to Egyptian newspapers, as well as radio broadcasts of "Voice of the Arabs" from Cairo, which incited political awareness and prepared the grounds for the anti-Jewish massacre of November 1947 and later the 1967 ].<ref name=Ahroni/> | By the mid-20th century, Aden had a community of several thousand Jews. In the 1930s, there were rare, religiously motivated outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence and a relatively small riot in 1932. In the 1940s, visits of Palestinian Arabs to Aden and expressions of Anti-Jewish sentiments became common.<ref name=Ahroni>Ahroni, R. ''The Jews of the British Crown Colony of Aden: History, Culture, and Ethnic Relations''. Brill, 1994: P210-11.</ref> Adenese educated Arab population had become exposed to Egyptian newspapers, as well as radio broadcasts of "Voice of the Arabs" from Cairo, which incited political awareness and prepared the grounds for the anti-Jewish massacre of November 1947 and later the 1967 ].<ref name=Ahroni/> | ||
| ==The |
==The pogrom== | ||
| {{Plitim}} | {{Plitim}} | ||
| Following November 29, 1947, vote by the UN on partition of ], wide scale protests took place across the Arab countries and communities, with ] being no exception. On December 2nd, the Arabs of Aden proclaimed a comprehensive three-day solidarity strike.<ref name=Ahroni/> Shortly after their beginning, the protests in Aden erupted into a "shameful outbreak of violence" against the Jews.<ref name=Ahroni/> |
Following November 29, 1947, vote by the UN on partition of ], wide scale protests took place across the Arab countries and communities, with ] being no exception. On December 2nd, the Arabs of Aden proclaimed a comprehensive three-day solidarity strike.<ref name=Ahroni/> Shortly after their beginning, the protests in Aden erupted into a "shameful outbreak of violence" against the Jews.<ref name=Ahroni/> There is a claim that the violence was triggered by the accusation of Jews for murder of two local girls.{{cn|date=December 2013}} | ||
| According to a contemporary news account, the rioting began on December 2, when an Arab crowd converged on the Jewish quarter in Aden's old town. Jewish shops were looted and burned. The rioting resumed the following day, and British army units from the ] Zone and navy forces were brought in to restore order.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rioting in Yemen|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19471208&id=vcVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=I8QDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3238,5912301|accessdate=28 December 2013|newspaper=The Age|date=8 December 1947|agency=Reuters}}</ref> The Selim Girl's School in 1929 which was located next to King George V Jewish Boys School and was also gutted in the 1947 riots.{{cn|date=December 2013}} | According to a contemporary news account, the rioting began on December 2, when an Arab crowd converged on the Jewish quarter in Aden's old town. Jewish shops were looted and burned. The rioting resumed the following day, and British army units from the ] Zone and navy forces were brought in to restore order.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rioting in Yemen|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19471208&id=vcVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=I8QDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3238,5912301|accessdate=28 December 2013|newspaper=The Age|date=8 December 1947|agency=Reuters}}</ref> The Selim Girl's School in 1929 which was located next to King George V Jewish Boys School and was also gutted in the 1947 riots.{{cn|date=December 2013}} | ||
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| ==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
| {{main|Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries}} | {{main|Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries}} | ||
| {{expand section|date=April 2014}} | |||
| Following the bloody riot, Adeni Jewish community almost entirely emptied, together with most of the Yemeni Jewish community. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 21:24, 24 November 2014
 | This article needs attention from an expert in Jewish history. Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article. WikiProject Jewish history may be able to help recruit an expert. (December 2013) |
| 1947 Aden pogrom | |
|---|---|
| Location | Aden, Aden Protectorate |
| Date | December 2-3, 1947 |
| Target | Jews of Aden |
| Attack type | Violent pogrom, massacre |
| Deaths | 82 Jews killed |
| Injured | 76 injured |
| Perpetrators | Arab Muslim mob, Aden Protectorate Levies |
The 1947 Aden pogrom, also known as the November 1947 Aden massacre was one of the most violent attacks on Mizrahi Jewish communities in the Middle East in the modern times, resulting in at least 82 Jews murdered and a wide scale devastation of local Jewish community of Aden, bringing an end to its millennia long history.
Background
Main article: History of the Jews in AdenBy the mid-20th century, Aden had a community of several thousand Jews. In the 1930s, there were rare, religiously motivated outbreaks of anti-Jewish violence and a relatively small riot in 1932. In the 1940s, visits of Palestinian Arabs to Aden and expressions of Anti-Jewish sentiments became common. Adenese educated Arab population had become exposed to Egyptian newspapers, as well as radio broadcasts of "Voice of the Arabs" from Cairo, which incited political awareness and prepared the grounds for the anti-Jewish massacre of November 1947 and later the 1967 expulsion of the British.
The pogrom
| Part of a series on |
| Jewish exodus from the Muslim world |
|---|
 |
| Background |
| Antisemitism in the Arab world |
| Exodus by country |
| Remembrance |
| Related topics |
Following November 29, 1947, vote by the UN on partition of Mandatory Palestine, wide scale protests took place across the Arab countries and communities, with Aden being no exception. On December 2nd, the Arabs of Aden proclaimed a comprehensive three-day solidarity strike. Shortly after their beginning, the protests in Aden erupted into a "shameful outbreak of violence" against the Jews. There is a claim that the violence was triggered by the accusation of Jews for murder of two local girls.
According to a contemporary news account, the rioting began on December 2, when an Arab crowd converged on the Jewish quarter in Aden's old town. Jewish shops were looted and burned. The rioting resumed the following day, and British army units from the Suez Canal Zone and navy forces were brought in to restore order. The Selim Girl's School in 1929 which was located next to King George V Jewish Boys School and was also gutted in the 1947 riots.
Overall 82 Jews were killed (including 6 unidentified bodies, assumed to be Jews) and 76 wounded. In Crater, 106 Jewish-owned shops were completely looted and 8 more were partially looted (out of total 170), while the only 2 Jewish schools were burnt and some 30 houses, while almost all private Jewish-owned cars were burnt. in Shaykh Uthman, 61 houses were damaged and looted, 12 more houses were burnt; 5 shops, 1 school and 1 synagogue, as well as Jewish-owned distillery were burnt as well.
A subsequent British commission of inquiry found that "trigger happy" firing by Aden Protectorate Levies had resulted in unnecessary casualties of 82 Jews and 38 Arabs. Sir Harry Trusted, who was sent to Aden as Commissioner to investigate the riots, recommended that British troops be permanently stationed there.
Aftermath
Main article: Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countriesFollowing the bloody riot, Adeni Jewish community almost entirely emptied, together with most of the Yemeni Jewish community.
See also
References
- ^ Ahroni, R. The Jews of the British Crown Colony of Aden: History, Culture, and Ethnic Relations. Brill, 1994: P210-11.
- "Rioting in Yemen". The Age. Reuters. 8 December 1947. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
- "Inquiry into Aden Riots". The Glasgow Herald. 23 September 1948. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
| Anti-Jewish attacks in Arab countries during the 1948 Palestine war and its aftermath | |
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| 1947 | |
| 1948 | |
| 1949 | |