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'''Messier 83''' (also known as the '''Southern Pinwheel Galaxy''', '''M83''' or '''NGC 5236''') is a ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wise.ssl.berkeley.edu/gallery_M83_Pinwheel.html |title=Multimedia Gallery: M83 – Southern Pinwheel Galaxy |date=25 June 2010 |publisher=NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team}}</ref> approximately 15 million ]s away in the ] ]. In the Catalogue of Named Galaxies, it is called '''Corallium Hydrae''', or the ''coral'' galaxy.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bodifee|first1=Gerard|title=Catalogue of One Thousand Named Galaxies|url=http://www.bodifee.be/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/2_CMG.pdf|accessdate=21 May 2017}}</ref> It is one of the closest and brightest ] in the sky, making it visible with ].<ref>https://messierobjects101.com/messier-object-m83/</ref> Six ]e (], ], ], ], ] and ]) have been observed in M83. Its nickname of the Southern Pinwheel derives from its resemblance to the ]. The French electronic band ] is named after this galaxy. '''Messier 83''' (also known as the '''Southern Pinwheel Galaxy''', '''M83''' or '''NGC 5236''') is a ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wise.ssl.berkeley.edu/gallery_M83_Pinwheel.html |title=Multimedia Gallery: M83 – Southern Pinwheel Galaxy |date=25 June 2010 |publisher=NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team}}</ref> approximately 15 million ]s away in the ] ]. It is one of the closest and brightest ] in the sky, making it visible with ].<ref>https://messierobjects101.com/messier-object-m83/</ref> Six ]e (], ], ], ], ] and ]) have been observed in M83. Its nickname of the Southern Pinwheel derives from its resemblance to the ]. The French electronic band ] is named after this galaxy.


==History== ==History==

Revision as of 03:47, 29 July 2017

Messier 83
Hubble view of barred spiral galaxy Messier 83
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationHydra
Right ascension13 37 00.9
Declination−29° 51′ 57″
Redshift513 ± 2 km/s
Distance15.21 Mly (4.61 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)7.54
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)c
Apparent size (V)12′.9 × 11′.5
Other designations
NGC 5236, UGCA 366, PGC 48082, Southern Pinwheel Galaxy

Messier 83 (also known as the Southern Pinwheel Galaxy, M83 or NGC 5236) is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 15 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. It is one of the closest and brightest barred spiral galaxies in the sky, making it visible with binoculars. Six supernovae (SN 1923A, SN 1945B, SN 1950B, SN 1957D, SN 1968L and SN 1983N) have been observed in M83. Its nickname of the Southern Pinwheel derives from its resemblance to the Pinwheel Galaxy. The French electronic band M83 is named after this galaxy.

History

Nicolas Louis de Lacaille discovered M83 on February 23, 1752 at the Cape of Good Hope. Charles Messier added it to his catalogue of nebulous objects (now known as the Messier Catalogue) in March 1781.

On 16 June 2008 NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer project reported finding large numbers of new stars in the outer reaches of the galaxy. It had hitherto been thought that these areas lacked the materials necessary for star formation.

Nearby galaxies and galaxy group information

M83 is at the center of one of two subgroups within the Centaurus A/M83 Group, a nearby galaxy group. Centaurus A is at the center of the other subgroup. These two groups are sometimes identified as one group and sometimes identified as two groups. However, the galaxies around Centaurus A and the galaxies around M83 are physically close to each other, and both subgroups appear not to be moving relative to each other.

References

  1. "A galaxy with two hearts". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
  2. ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 5236. Retrieved 8 December 2006.
  3. Saha, A.; Thim, F.; Tammann, G. A.; Reindl, B.; Sandage, A. (2006). "Cepheid Distances to SNe Ia Host Galaxies Based on a Revised Photometric Zero Point of theHSTWFPC2 and New PL Relations and Metallicity Corrections". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 165: 108. arXiv:astro-ph/0602572. Bibcode:2006ApJS..165..108S. doi:10.1086/503800.
  4. "M 83". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
  5. Armando, Gil de Paz; Boissier; Madore; Seibert; Boselli; et al. (2007). "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 173 (2): 185–255. arXiv:astro-ph/0606440. Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G. doi:10.1086/516636.
  6. "SIMBAD astronomical database". Results for M83. Retrieved 2 May 2007.
  7. "Multimedia Gallery: M83 – Southern Pinwheel Galaxy". NASA/JPL-Caltech/WISE Team. 25 June 2010.
  8. https://messierobjects101.com/messier-object-m83/
  9. ^ K. G. Jones (1991). Messier's Nebulae and Star Clusters (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-37079-5.
  10. "Stellar Birth in the Galactic Wilderness".
  11. I. D. Karachentsev; M. E. Sharina; A. E. Dolphin; E. K. Grebel; D. Geisler; P. Guhathakurta; P. W. Hodge; V. E. Karachetseva; A. Sarajedini; P. Seitzer (2002). "New distances to galaxies in the Centaurus A group". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 385 (1): 21–31. Bibcode:2002A&A...385...21K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020042. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  12. R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35299-1.
  13. Fouque, P.; Gourgoulhon, E.; Chamaraux, P.; Paturel, G. (1992). "Groups of galaxies within 80 Mpc. II – The catalogue of groups and group members". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 93: 211–233. Bibcode:1992A&AS...93..211F.
  14. A. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II – Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G.
  15. I. D. Karachentsev (2005). "The Local Group and Other Neighboring Galaxy Groups". Astronomical Journal. 129 (1): 178–188. arXiv:astro-ph/0410065. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..178K. doi:10.1086/426368.

External links


Messier objects
List Painting of Charles Messier, creator of the Messier catalog
See also
New General Catalogue 5000 to 5499
Categories: