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* ''']''' (1993-1997) A splinter group of the NLFT that surrendered to the Indian Army in 1997. * ''']''' (1993-1997) A splinter group of the NLFT that surrendered to the Indian Army in 1997.
* ''']''' A racist organisation of mainly Anglosaxon ] Christians with a history of violence against Afro-Americans, Jewish People, and Catholics. * ''']''' A racist organisation of mainly Anglosaxon ] Christians with a history of violence against Afro-Americans, Jewish People, and Catholics.
* ''']''' Anti-abortion group whose activities include bombing abortion clinics, killing doctors and nurses.
: Organization ''officially'' denies advocacy of violence; numerous prominent members have been successfully sued or criminally convicted for bombings, and the organization itself has been prosecuted under ] Act, including founder ]. Member ] was charged with Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the Olympics and a health clinic in Birmingham, Alabama., , , , , ,
* ''']''' Christian/Pagan terrorist group, supported by ]. * ''']''' Christian/Pagan terrorist group, supported by ].
* '']'' * ''']''


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Revision as of 18:53, 28 October 2005

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Part of a series on
Terrorism and political violence
By ideology
Religious
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Organizational structures
  • Methods
  • Tactics
Terrorist groups
Relationship to states
State terrorism
State-sponsored terrorism
Response to terrorism

A terrorist organisation is an organisation that engages in terrorist tactics, they are also (perhaps more neutrally) referred to as militant organisations.

The following groups are considered to be terrorist by a significant number of observers, though opinion is not uniform.
At least two features make objective assessment of which organisations are terrorist difficult:

  1. the definition of terrorism is disputed and
  2. the facts about the actions and motives of these groups are disputed.

The cliché, "One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter" has some relevance as, while Terrorism can technically be defined as politically motivated violence against non-combatants, use of the term is uneven and dependent on the observer's political perspective and moral judgement. Use of the term often carries moral weight beyond its technical use. "Militant" is a more neutral term to describe so-called "terrorist" groups. Militant groups themselves rarely claim to be committing terrorism and often justify their acts as defence against state oppression or terrorism by opposing groups.

This list does not include government actions that could be labelled terrorism; instead, see state terrorism.

Religious Terrorists

Zacariah Cutcliffe

Christian

  • Nagaland Rebels (1948-present) Active in predominately Christian state in Hindu majority India. Involved in several bombings in 2004. Goal: Independence from India after annexing parts of neighboring Indian states and Burma if it has Christian majority.
  • National Liberation Front of Tripura (1989-present) A group that seeks the independence of Tripura from India to create a Christian Tripura.
  • Tripura Resurrection Army (1993-1997) A splinter group of the NLFT that surrendered to the Indian Army in 1997.
  • Ku Klux Klan A racist organisation of mainly Anglosaxon Protestant Christians with a history of violence against Afro-Americans, Jewish People, and Catholics.
  • Operation Rescue Anti-abortion group whose activities include bombing abortion clinics, killing doctors and nurses.
Organization officially denies advocacy of violence; numerous prominent members have been successfully sued or criminally convicted for bombings, and the organization itself has been prosecuted under RICO Act, including founder Randal Terry. Member Eric Robert Rudolph was charged with Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the Olympics and a health clinic in Birmingham, Alabama., , , , , ,

Sikh (Khalistan)

All of these groups demand a Khalistan (land of the pure) in the Indian state of Punjab for Sikhs. Most have a small amount of support from abroad Sikhs have been in existance since the 1980s. Many have weakened and prominance and have cut down on activities, yet they continue. Their actions have led to the deaths of over 250,000 people.

Hindu

  • Shiv Sena Not nearly as much Hindu as it is ethnic, it is a right-wing political party in India designated only by one nation (Pakistan) as a terrorist group.

Jewish

Islamic

Islamist Fronts

Other religious terrorists

Nationalistic Terrorist Organizations

Lebanese

  • Lebanese Hezbollah (1982-present; Shiite Lebanese Islamists and Palestinian nationalists; Lebanon)
    • In Arabic, "Party of God." Hezbollah claims that it has never committed any acts of terror, and normally restricts its operations to Israeli military targets in Lebanon and the Shebaa Farms. However, it is alleged to have been involved in the bombing of Jewish civilian targets in Argentina in 1992 - the Israeli embassy, killing 29 - and in 1994 - the Argentine-Israeli Mutual Association building (Asociación Mutua Israelita Argentina, or (AMIA), in Spanish), a Jewish community centre, killing 85. See AMIA Bombing.
    • Also known as Hezbollah, Hizbullah, Huzbollah, Hizbalah, Organization of the Oppressed on Earth, and the Revolutionary Justice Organization.

Palestinian

Main article: Palestinian_terrorism
Sub-groups of the PLO
Groups associated with Fatah
Splinter groups of the PLO

Pre-Independence Irish Nationalists

Irish Nationalists (Northern Ireland)

  • Irish Republican Army (IRA) (1916-present) **
  • Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) (1969-present)
    • Splinter group of the 'Official' IRA.
    • Supporters of the PIRA split from 'Official' Sinn Féin to form Provisional Sinn Féin. Provisional Sinn Féin was later known simply as Sinn Féin (while 'Official' Sinn Féin eventually became the Workers' Party).
    • Under ceasefire since the Good Friday Agreement of 1997
    • Splinter groups:
      • Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) (1986-present)
        • Also known as the "Continuity Army Council" and "Óglaigh na hÉireann (Gaelic for 'Volunteers of Ireland')
      • Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA) (1997-present) *
        • Also known as the True IRA and Óglaigh na hÉireann (Gaelic for Volunteers of Ireland).
        • Does not recognize Belfast Agreement.
  • Irish National Liberation Army

Sri Lanka

Northern Irish Loyalists (Northern Ireland)

  • Ulster Defence Association (UDA) (1971-present) **
    • Also called the "Ulster Freedom Fighters," or UFF.
    • On February 22, 2003, announced a "complete and utter cessation" of all acts of violence for one year. It said it will review its ceasefire every three months.
    • Splinter group:
      • Red Hand Defenders (1998-present) **
        • UDA splinter group. Opposes ceasefire.
  • Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) (May 1966-present)
    • Very closely linked with the Red Hand Commandos (1972-present).
  • Ulster Defense Force (UVP) **
  • Loyalist Volunteer Force
  • Orange Volunteers

Other nationalist terrorists

Left-wing terrorists

Right-wing terrorists

Neo-Nazis and white-supremacists

Racist terrorists


Anti-Communists

Others

See also

External links

Categories: