Misplaced Pages

Pentene

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Lamro (talk | contribs) at 13:27, 29 November 2011 (link). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Revision as of 13:27, 29 November 2011 by Lamro (talk | contribs) (link)(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Straight chain pentenes

1-Pentene

cis-2-Pentene

trans-2-Pentene
Identifiers
CAS Number
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.042.636 Edit this at Wikidata
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
SMILES
  • (1-pentene): CCCC=C
  • (cis-2-pentene): CC/C=C\C
  • (trans-2-pentene): CC/C=C/C
Properties
Chemical formula C5H10
Molar mass 70.135 g·mol
Density 0.64 g/cm (1-pentene)
Melting point -165.2 °C (1-pentene)
Boiling point 30 °C (1-pentene)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). checkverify (what is  ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Pentene refers to all the alkenes with chemical formula C
5H
10. Each contains one double bond within its molecular structure. There are a total of five different compounds in this class, differing from each other by whether the carbon atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure, and whether the double bond has a cis or trans form.

Straight-chain isomers

1-Pentene is an alpha-olefin. Most often 1-pentene is made as a byproduct of catalytic or thermal cracking of petroleum, or during production of ethylene and propylene via thermal cracking of hydrocarbon fractions. It is rarely isolated as a separate compound. Instead, it is most often blended into gasoline or, in a mixture with other hydrocarbons, alkylated with isobutane to make gasoline.

The only commercial manufacturer of 1-pentene is Sasol Ltd, where it is separated from crude made by the Fischer-Tropsch process.

2-Pentene has two geometric isomers, cis-2-pentene and trans-2-pentene. cis-2-Pentene is used in olefin metathesis.

Alternative names for 1-pentene include amylene, n-amylene, and n-pentene. Alternative names for 2-pentene include beta-n-amylene and sym-methylethylethylene.

Branched-chain isomers

The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and 2-methylbut-2-ene (isoamylene).

Isoamylene is one of three main byproducts of deep catalytic cracking (DCC), a relatively new concept that is very similar to the operation of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). The DCC uses vacuum gas oil (VGO) as a feedstock to produce primarily propylene, isobutylene, and isoamylene. The rise in demand for polypropylene has encouraged the growth of the DCCU, which is operated very much like an FCCU. Isobutylene and isoamylene are feedstocks necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME).

See also

References

  1. ^ Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Alkenes
Alkenes
Preparations
Reactions
Category: