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The Nissan P35 was a planned Group C car built by Nissan Motors for competition in the World Sportscar Championship. Developed by Nissan Performance Technology Inc. (NPTI), which had formerly raced under the name Electramotive in the United States, the cars were intended to be completed by the middle of the 1992, with competition starting in 1993. However economic troubles for Nissan led to the cancellation of the project soon after testing of the first cars had begun, meaning that the P35s never raced.

During the development of the P35, Nissan's own motorsports division, Nismo, began work on a modified P35 design that would be adapted to the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship. This car, known as the NP35, would be allowed to race only once before it too was cancelled. These would be the final prototypes built by Nissan until 1997.

Development

At the end of a strong year in the 1990 World Sportscar Championship season for Nissan's R90CKs, it was decided that the company would leave the championship to instead concentrate on the R90CPs in the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship (JSPC) and GTP ZX-Turbos in the IMSA GT Championship in North America. Regulation changes in the World Sportscar Championship would have required Nissan to abandon their turbocharged engines in place of newer, advanced naturally aspirated units, as well as design all new cars to handle them.

Nissan reversed their plans in 1991, partially due to the fact that JSPC was beginning to allow the newer Group C cars that could outpace Nissan's older cars. Nissan turned to Nissan Performance Technology Inc. (NPTI), the company's North American motorsports arm who had run their IMSA GT Championship program. The company was tasked with developing a new car while Nissan Motorsport (Nismo) in Japan would develop an all-new engine to fit the regulations.

Designed by Yoshi Suzuka and Trevor Harris, the P35 would share some elements with the NPT-90 that had been run in IMSA GT, yet eliminated some noticeable elements of the car in order to better adapt to European circuits. Using a low body with only the fenders and tall cockpit rising above, the car lacked a lot of the aerodynamic venting that previous Nissans had used in order to actually decrease the amount of aerodynamic downforce on the car. A large intake was placed above the cockpit to directly feed the naturally-aspirated engine, while nose ducting for the front brakes, snorkels inside the rear fenders for the rear brakes, and two vents on the side bodywork for the oil coolers were the only major openings on the car. A low rear wing was also used, although a dual rear wing was briefly tested. The chassis of the P35 was intended to be built from carbon fibre, yet the initial test chassis were built from a hybrid of aluminium and carbon to save time, due to NPTI's lack of experience with building carbon chassis.

For an engine, Nismo would develop an entire new unit. Required to be 3.5 litres by Group C rules, the engine had to not only be high-revving like a Formula One engine, but also have endurance capabilities. Nismo produced an engine at 3499cc named the VRT35, with claims of 630 horsepower and capable of reaching nearly 12000rpm. The VRT35 would be a V12, in comparison to Peugeot, Toyota, and Mazda's V10 units.

Following the cancellation of the P35 project in 1992, the car was briefly considered as a possible replacement for the NPT-90 in the IMSA GT Championship, replacing the VRT35 V12 with the 3.0L turbocharged VG30 V6 that had previously been used. Wind tunnel tests were carried out on what was termed the 93GTP. However, Nissan was looking elsewhere and decided to pursue Indy Car racing. This lasted only briefly (though Indy Car concepts were begining to be developed in the wind tunnel) and the realities of the widening recession hit home. This eventually lead to the closing of NPTI in 1993.

In total, three P35 chassis were built in total for testing purposes.

NP35

While NPTI developed the P35, Nismo decided that although the car would be legal for competition in the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship, it was not as well suited to Japan's shorter race circuits. Nismo therefore decided that they would develop their own version of the P35 with an increased downforce setup as well as some other mechanical changes.

Nismo used molds originally used for the creation of the P35 to create their own car, known as the NP35. Due to Nismo's access to a carbon fibre facility, the chassis of the lone NP35 was constructed entirely of carbon fiber instead of the hybrid used by NPTI. Aerodynamic changes would include most notably the adoption of a higher downforce rear wing mounted higher on the car. The VRT35 V12 was also modified with more power due to the fact that JSPC races were not as long and endurance was not as important.

Only one NP35 would be built and raced before Nissan cancelled the project.

X-250

In 1996, following the closing of NPTI as well as the cancellation of the World Sportscar Championship, All Japan Sports Prototype Championship, as well as the GTP class in the IMSA GT Championship, a group of former NPTI employees took it upon themselves to built a new car for IMSA's WSC class of open-cockpit Le Mans prototypes. Using one of the former P35 test cars, chassis #1, the engineers cut off the entire cockpit bodywork and added rollhoops and a new cockpit surround for driver protection. The VRT35 engines were replaced with a Ferrari 3.4L V8. The team renamed the car a X-250 in remebrance of the 250 employees laid off with NPTI's demise.

Racing history

The P35 was tested various times during 1991, with Johnny O'Connell doing most of the driving. Tests included runs at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course and on the road course at Daytona International Speedway. However the P35 would never compete in any races.

The NP35 on the other hand would actually race, although only once. The final race of the 1992 JSPC season (and what would become the final JSPC race before the series was dissolved) was at Mine Circuit, and Nismo entered their lone NP35. Competing in their class against the Toyota TS010 and Mazda MXR-01, the NP35 would be the slowest car in qualifying, five seconds behind the pole winning Nissan R92CP. The race itself would see many mechanical problems for the car, although it would manage to finish the race. Of the finishers, it was ranked last and 25 laps behind the winning TS010. Following this race, the NP35 would not race again, although Nissan still brings it to exhibition events, namely its own annual Nismo Festival..

The X-250, built from a former P35, also only ran one race, the 1997 12 Hours of Sebring. There, the car suffered electronics problems after only 21 laps and was listed as the first car out of the event. The X-250 never raced competitively again, although the car is maintained and now runs in historics.

References

1. http://www.nismo.co.jp/event/festa2005/car.html

http://www.mulsannescorner.com/nissanp35.html

External links

• Japan Le Mans Challenge - Nismo Le Mans Pavilion
• Supercars.net - Nissan NP35

• Nissan vehicles
• Group C cars