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This list includes people who were born in or lived in Breslau before 1945. For a list of famous residents after 1945, see List of notable people from Wrocław.

• Alois Alzheimer – discoverer of Alzheimer's disease
• Günther Anders – philosopher and journalist
• Adolf Anderssen – 19th-century chess master
• Đorđe Andrejević-Kun – painter
• Heinz Arndt – Australian economist
• Leopold Auerbach - anatomist and neuropathologist
• Bertha Badt-Strauss – writer
• Boleslaw Barlog – stage and film director
• Erhard Bauschke (1912–1945), was a German jazz and light music reedist and bandleader
• Max Berg – architect, designer of Centennial Hall
• Dietrich Bonhoeffer – Lutheran clergyman, religious leader in the resistance movement against Nazism
• Max Born – physicist
• August Borsig – entrepreneur
• Ernst Cassirer – philosopher
• Ferdinand Cohn – biologist
• Louis M. Cohn – suspected of starting the Great Chicago Fire
• Richard Courant – mathematician
• Harri Czepuck - journalist
• Walter Damrosch – conductor
• Jan Dzierżon – apiarist
• Hermann von Eichhorn - Prussian field marshal
• Norbert Elias – sociologist
• Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein (1797-1885), Prussian general
• Friedrich Karl Georg Fedde – botanist
• George Wolfgang Forell (1919–2011) was a world-renowned scholar, author, lecturer and guest professor
• Otfrid Förster — neurosurgeon
• Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat – virologist
• Zecharias Frankel – rabbi and founder of Conservative Judaism
• Hans Freeman – biochemist
• Alfred Gomolka – politician (SPD)
• Felix Hausdorff – mathematician, one of the founders of algebraic topology
• Martin Helwig – cartographer, created the first map of Silesia
• George Henschel – conductor and singer
• Johann Heß – Lutheran theologian, Protestant reformer of Breslau and Silesia
• Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau – Baroque poet
• August zu Hohenlohe-Öhringen - general
• Karl Eduard von Holtei – poet and actor
• E. A. J. Honigmann – Professor of English Literature
• Heinz Hopf – mathematician (topologist)
• Vernon Ingram – biologist
• Alfred Kerr – theatre critic and essayist
• Gustav Robert Kirchhoff – physicist
• Gerhard Kittel – New Testament scholar and philologist
• Otto Klemperer (1885–1973) – conductor
• Wojciech Korfanty – political activist
• Arthur Korn – physicist, invented transmission of photographs by facsimile and wireless
• Arthur Korn – architect and town planner
• Carl Ferdinand Langhans – architect
• Carl Gotthard Langhans – architect
• Ferdinand Lassalle – socialist politician and reformer
• Carl Friedrich Lessing – artist
• Daniel Casper von Lohenstein – poet and diplomat
• Peter Lorre – actor
• Rudolf Meidner – economist and socialist theorist
• Joachim Meisner – Cardinal priest and archbishop of Cologne
• Adolph von Menzel – artist
• Jan Mikulicz-Radecki – surgeon, contributed to development of modern surgery
• Richard Mohaupt – German-American composer and Kapellmeister
• Edda Moser – soprano opera singer
• Svika Pick (born 1949) – Israeli pop singer and composer
• Hugo von Pohl – German admiral, commander of High Seas Fleet
• Louis Prang – printer, lithographer and publisher
• Michael Oser Rabin – mathematician and computer scientist
• Manfred von Richthofen – World War I flying ace (the "Red Baron")
• Oskar von Riesenthal – ornithologist, forester, author
• Horst Rosenthal (1915–1942) – German-born French cartoonist
• Julius von Sachs – botanist
• Johann Gottfried Scheibel – theological professor and dissenter to the Prussian Union
• Friedrich Schleiermacher – theologian and philosopher
• Auguste Schmidt, educationist and feminist
• Margarethe Siems – operatic soprano
• Angelus Silesius – 17th-century religious poet
• Edith Stein – philosopher and Roman Catholic martyr
• Michael Steinberg – music critic
• Fritz Stern – historian
• Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben – Inspector General of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War
• Siegbert Tarrasch – chess player
• Augustin Theiner – theologian and Church historian, Prefect of the Vatican Secret Archives
• Michel Thomas – war hero and language teacher.
• Christian Wolff – philosopher
• Johann Heinrich Zedler (1706–1751) – publisher of a German encyclopedia, the Grosses Universal-Lexicon

Nobel laureates

listed by year of award

• Theodor Mommsen (1902)
• Philipp Lenard (1905)
• Eduard Buchner (1907)
• Paul Ehrlich (1908)
• Gerhart Hauptmann (1912)
• Fritz Haber (1918)
• Friedrich Bergius (1931)
• Erwin Schrödinger (1933)
• Otto Stern (1943)
• Max Born (1954)
• Reinhard Selten (1994)

References

1. Rainer E. Lotz, "Erhard Bauschke". The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz. 2nd edition, ed. Barry Kernfeld.
2. "The danger of thinking we are really holy". Leader-Post. 19 March 1983. Retrieved 25 February 2011.

• People from Wrocław
• Lists of people by city
• Silesian-German people