1916 Liverpool East Toxteth by-election

The 1916 Liverpool East Toxteth by-election was a parliamentary by-election held in England on 21 February 1916 for the British House of Commons constituency of Liverpool East Toxteth.

Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the appointment of the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Edward Marshall Hall as the Recorder of Guildford. The Recorder's role as a part-time judge disqualified him from sitting in Parliament, and his acceptance of the post automatically caused a vacancy, and Hall accepted the appointment after checking with the Liverpool Conservatives that a by-election would not be problematic for them.

The writ of election for the by-election was moved in the Commons on 10 February by William Bridgeman, the MP for Oswestry.

Candidates

The Conservatives had already selected Captain James Stuart Rankin as their prospective candidate for the next general election.

The 36-year-old Rankin, who was then serving in Liverpool with the Royal Field Artillery, was formally adopted on 14 February as the Conservative candidate for the by-election. During World War I, the major political parties had agreed not to contest by-elections when seats held by their respective parties fell vacant, and the Toxteth Liberals accepted Rankin's nomination. They did not nominate a candidate of their own.

Since Rankin was the only candidate, he was returned unopposed.

Aftermath

At the next general election, in 1918, Rankin was re-elected unopposed as a Coalition Conservative. He held the seat until he stood down at the 1924 general election,

References

"No. 29463". The London Gazette. 4 February 1916. p. 1359.
^ "News In Brief. Mr Marshall Hall and East Toxteth". The Times. 24 January 1916. p. 3. Retrieved 8 September 2012.(subscription required)
"NEW WRITS". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). House of Commons. 16 February 1916. col. 59.
"Obituaries". The Times. 22 October 1960. p. 8. Retrieved 8 September 2012.(subscription required)
^ "News in Brief. Soldier candidate for Liverpool". The Times. 15 February 1916. p. 5. Retrieved 8 September 2012.(subscription required)
Craig, F. W. S. (1983) . British parliamentary election results 1885–1918 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 139. ISBN 0-900178-27-2.
"No. 29483". The London Gazette. 22 February 1916. p. 1946.
"The Election. List of withdrawals". The Times. 16 October 1924. p. 14. Retrieved 8 September 2012.(subscription required)
Craig, F. W. S. (1983) . British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 173. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.

v t e By-elections in Liverpool
1801–1832	Liverpool, 1830
1832–1885	Liverpool, 1842 Liverpool, 1853 Liverpool, 1855 Liverpool, 1873 Liverpool, 1874 Liverpool, February 1880 Liverpool, August 1880 Liverpool, 1882
1885–1900	Walton, 1886 Exchange, 1887 West Derby, 1888 Everton, 1892 West Derby, 1893 East Toxteth, 1895 Exchange, 1897 Kirkdale, 1898
1900–1918	East Toxteth, 1902 West Derby, 1903 Everton, 1905 Kirkdale, 1907 Kirkdale, 1910 Kirkdale, 1915 East Toxteth, 1916 Abercromby, 1917
1918–1945	West Derby, 1919 Exchange, 1922 Edge Hill, 1923 West Toxteth, 1924 Scotland, 1929 East Toxteth, 1929 Wavertree, 1931 East Toxteth, 1931 Exchange, 1933 West Derby, 1935 Wavertree, 1935 West Toxteth, 1935
1945–present	Edge Hill, 1947 West Derby, 1954 Garston, 1957 Scotland, 1964 Scotland, 1971 Edge Hill, 1979 Walton, 1991
Lists of UK by-elections 1868–1885 1885–1900 1900–1918 1918–1931 1931–1950 1950–1979 1979–2010 2010–present

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1911	February: Arfon Cambridge University Horncastle Westbury Forest of Dean March: North East Lanarkshire Brentford Bootle April: Haddingtonshire Cheltenham East Dorset May: Birmingham South Barnstaple June: Ross & Cromarty Brighton July: Kingston upon Hull Central Glasgow Tradeston St Augustine's West Ham North East Wicklow North East Cork East Cork Luton Wellington Bethnal Green South West August: Middleton September: Kilmarnock Burghs October: North Tyrone Keighley November: Bristol East Oldham South Somerset Hitchin December: North Ayrshire Govan
1912	January: Carmarthen District February: Edinburgh East Glasgow St Rollox March: Manchester South Hereford South East Essex Leominster Epsom April: Nottingham East Forest of Dean May: Hackney South North West Norfolk June: Hythe Holmfirth July: Ilkeston Hanley Crewe August: Manchester North West East Carmarthenshire September: Midlothian November: Taunton Bolton Bow & Bromley
1913	January: Flint Boroughs Londonderry City February: East Waterford East Antrim Chorley March: Houghton-le-Spring Kendal April: Shrewsbury Whitechapel May: Newmarket Altrincham June: Leix Wandsworth Dover Leicester July: St George's, Hanover Square August: Chesterfield November: North Cork Linlithgowshire Reading Keighley December: Wick Burghs South Lanarkshire
1914	January: North West Durham February: Wycombe Cork City Bethnal Green South West Poplar Leith Burghs April: Belfast East East Fife May: Great Grimsby North East Derbyshire Ipswich June: Brighton Oxford University July: Birmingham West East Worcestershire North Galway August: Swansea District West Wicklow September: Bolton The Hartlepools November: Londonderry City December: East Galway Tullamore Sheffield Attercliffe
1915	February: Norwich Swansea District Scarborough Shipley Howdenshire Thirsk & Malton Wigtownshire Chesterton Saffron Walden Liverpool Kirkdale Mid Antrim Maidstone March: Carmarthen Boroughs April: Mid Durham May: Kilmarnock Burghs June: Preston Dublin College Green North Tipperary Keighley July: Arfon Glasgow Central October: Dublin Harbour Appleby November: Heywood Uxbridge Cardiff Kingston St Helens St Austell Merthyr Tydfil Tiverton December: Cleveland
1916	January: Newington West St George's, Hanover Square Portsmouth North West Staffordshire Chesterton Bradford Central Mile End Rotherham February: Liverpool East Toxteth North Louth South Tyrone Bolton Chester Droitwich March: Cockermouth Hertford South Shields Harborough Hyde April: Wimbledon Dublin University Ossory May: Tewkesbury South Londonderry Widnes July: Berwickshire August: Bodmin Berwick-upon-Tweed Colne Valley Abingdon September: Mansfield October: North Ayrshire St Pancras West Winchester North Fermanagh November: West Cork December: Hornsey Ashton-under-Lyne Sheffield Hallam Whitechapel Derby Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities
1917	January: Inverness-shire February: North Roscommon Dublin University Rotherham Rossendale West Perthshire Tamworth March: Stockton Oxford April: Aberdeen South Belfast South Ealing May: South Longford Edinburgh South June: Epping Henley Liverpool Abercromby July: Belfast South Fulham South Dublin East Clare South Monmouthshire Cambridge Chesterton Dundee August: Edinburgh & St Andrews Universities Kilkenny City Norwich October: Dublin University Islington East Spalding Basingstoke November: Salford North North Armagh December: Wisbech Southampton
1918	January: Mid Armagh Prestwich February: South Armagh March: Waterford City Manchester South April: East Tyrone Tullamore Birmingham West Keighley May: Ross Exeter Newcastle-upon-Tyne Wansbeck June: Gravesend Bridgwater East Cavan Clapham July: Finsbury East Manchester North East Fareham East Grinstead August: Canterbury September: Banbury October: St George's, Hanover Square Bath Mid Norfolk Elgin Burghs South Shields Prestwich November: Wilton
Lists of UK by-elections 1801–1806 1806–1818 1818–1832 1832–1847 1847–1857 1857–1868 1868–1885 1885–1900 1900–1918 1918–1931 1931–1950 1950–1979 1979–2010 2010–present Northern Ireland Hereditary peers

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