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The 1955–56 Challenge Cup was the 55th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup.
First round
Date
Team one
Score one
Team two
Score two
11 Feb
Castleford
12
Blackpool
9
11 Feb
Huddersfield
8
Whitehaven
4
11 Feb
Hull FC
4
Leeds
9
11 Feb
Hunslet
9
Bradford Northern
10
11 Feb
Keighley
33
Triangle Valve
8
11 Feb
Leigh
19
Doncaster
10
11 Feb
Oldham
31
Dewsbury
2
11 Feb
Rochdale Hornets
55
Stanningley
0
11 Feb
St Helens
15
Warrington
6
11 Feb
Wakefield Trinity
30
Bramley
10
11 Feb
Widnes
10
Halifax
22
11 Feb
Wigan
24
Featherstone Rovers
11
11 Feb
Workington Town
16
Salford
0
11 Feb
York
2
Barrow
26
15 Feb
Liverpool
13
Hull Kingston Rovers
5
15 Feb
Swinton
18
Batley
0
Second round
Date
Team one
Score one
Team two
Score two
3 Mar
Barrow
47
Liverpool
5
3 Mar
Halifax
10
Workington Town
3
3 Mar
Keighley
3
Wigan
12
3 Mar
Leeds
12
Oldham
7
3 Mar
Leigh
5
Wakefield Trinity
11
3 Mar
Rochdale Hornets
2
Bradford Northern
5
3 Mar
St Helens
48
Castleford
5
3 Mar
Swinton
6
Huddersfield
8
Quarterfinals
Date
Team one
Score one
Team two
Score two
24 Mar
Leeds
9
Halifax
14
24 Mar
St Helens
53
Bradford Northern
6
24 Mar
Wakefield Trinity
10
Barrow
14
24 Mar
Wigan
24
Huddersfield
2
Semifinals
Date
Team one
Score one
Team two
Score two
7 Apr
Halifax
11
Wigan
10
7 Apr
St Helens
5
Barrow
5
11 Apr
St Helens
10
Barrow
5
Final
In the Challenge Cup tournament's final St. Helens faced Halifax. Played on 28 April 1956 at Wembley Stadium in front of a crowd of 79,341, St Helens won 13-2. This was Saints' first Challenge Cup final win in five Final appearances. Alan Prescott, their prop forward was awarded the Lance Todd Trophy for man-of-the-match.
The St Helens team was greeted enthusiastically upon their return to the North. After detraining at Liverpool the team's open-top coach ride to St Helens attracted an estimated 100,000 people despite pouring rain.