1997 Irkutsk Antonov An-124 crash

1997 Irkutsk An-124 crash
Accident
The aircraft involved in the accident, while in an Aeroflot livery
Date	6 December 1997 (1997-12-06)
Summary	Multiple engine failure on climb-out
Site	Mira Street, near Irkutsk Northwest Airport, Irkutsk, Russia 52°21′2″N 104°12′48″E / 52.35056°N 104.21333°E / 52.35056; 104.21333
Total fatalities	72
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Antonov An-124-100
Operator	Russian Air Force
Registration	RA-82005/08 Black
Flight origin	Irkutsk Northwest Airport
Stopover	Vladivostok International Airport
Destination	Cam Ranh Air Base, Cam Ranh Bay, Vietnam
Occupants	23
Passengers	15
Crew	8
Fatalities	23
Survivors	0
Ground casualties
Ground fatalities	49

On 6 December 1997 a Russian Air Force Antonov An-124-100, en route from Irkutsk Northwest Airport to Cam Ranh Air Base in Vietnam, crashed in a residential area after takeoff from the airport.

Leased by Ukrainian Cargo Airways, the aircraft was carrying two Sukhoi Su-27UBK fighters (8524 and 8525) for delivery to the Vietnam People's Air Force, with a planned stopover at Vladivostok.

Three seconds after lift-off from Runway 14 at Irkutsk, the No.3 engine surged at approximately 5 metres (16 ft) altitude. The aircraft continued to climb, but at a high angle of attack, disrupting airflow to No.1 and No.2 engines which also surged.

Unable to continue climbing the aircraft descended until it struck houses in Mira Street, 1,600 metres (5,200 ft; 1,700 yd) beyond the runway end, killing all 23 on board and 49 persons on the ground.

Aircraft

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The Antonov An-124-100 aircraft that crashed was first leased by Aeroflot in 1985 with her maiden flight on 30 October 1985. On 14 February 1988, ownership was transferred to the Soviet Air Forces, under the 566th Military Transport Aviation Regiment, 12th Military Transport Aviation Division "Crazy Russian Girls" based in Seshcha, Bryansk Oblast airbase, with a tail number of CCCP-82005 (RA-82005). On the day of the accident the Antonov had accumulated 576 takeoff/landing cycles for the Russian Air Force and had flown over 1,034 hours.

Accident

On 6 December 1997, the An-124-100 RA-82005 was transporting two Su-27UBK fighters with a total weight of 40 tons en route to Vietnam.

At 14:42 IKT aircraft took off from Irkutsk. However, just three seconds after lift-off from the runway at a height of 5 metres (16 ft), there was a surge in engine number 3 which caused an increase of the angular velocity of the Antonov. This resulted in a shutdown of engine number 2. Eight seconds after takeoff at the altitude of 66 metres (217 ft), following a surge in engine number 1, the aircraft went into descent.

Although the pilots had tried to maintain control over the aircraft with a single remaining functioning engine, the aircraft crashed into apartment block number 45 on Grazhdanskaya Street. The tail section of the Antonov significantly damaged block number 120 and a neighboring orphanage.

Aftermath

The crash resulted in the deaths of all of the crew on board the aircraft as well as 49 people on the ground (including 12 children from the orphanage). More than 70 families were left homeless due to the damage dealt on the two blocks by the crashed aircraft. The damage was aggravated by the ignition of tons of aviation fuel leaked during the crash.

Investigation

A special commission was established to investigate the causes of the disaster.

The two flight recorders, including the cockpit voice recorder, were in the center of the fire and were too badly damaged to provide meaningful data. The cause of failure of the three engines was never fully confirmed and the final conclusion of the commission has not been made public.

However, temperatures in Irkutsk were below −20 °C (−4 °F) and it was theorized that the disaster was caused by mixing cold-weather fuel with regular fuel, which was present in the tanks of An-124 after previous flight from Vietnam. That mix would have produced ice crystals which would clog the fuel filters, which would cut the fuel flow to the engines.

In an interview with the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper, the test pilot Alexander Akimenkov said that the accident could have been caused by the call of a passenger with the Chinese radiotelephone, which affected how the electronics work.

Major General Boris Tumanov, former Chief of the Russian Air Force Flight Safety Service (1993–2002) and a member of the Commission of Inquiry into Air Accidents with military aircraft, told the Moskovsky Komsomolets that the accident was caused by failure of three engines as a result of the surge.

In 2009, Fedor Muravchenko, General Designer of Ivchenko-Progress Design Bureau (which is the developer of aircraft engines for the An-124), gave his own version of the causes of the disaster. Based on the results of this enterprise research and experiments and his own theoretical calculations, he concluded that the disaster situation was caused by high (in excess of standard) water content in the aviation fuel (kerosene) that resulted in the ice formation and clogging the fuel filters, causing the engines to surge.

References

^ Ranter, Harro. "Accident description". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
^ Velovich, Alexander (1997-12-17). "Multiple engine failure blamed for An-124 Irkutsk accident". FlightGlobal. Flight International. Archived from the original on 2017-06-12. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
^ "The crash of the AN-124 in Irkutsk (1997)". Ria Novosti. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
"An-124-100 Crash on 6 December 1997". Air Disaster Russia (in Russian). Retrieved 17 January 2017.
"Катастрофа Ан-124 ВВС РФ в пос.Иркутск-2 (борт RA-82005), 06 декабря 1997 года. // AirDisaster.ru - авиационные происшествия, инциденты и авиакатастрофы военной авиации в СССР и России - факты, история, статистика". war.airdisaster.ru. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
"Yak-42 was downed by a phone call?". Moskovskiy Komsomolets (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2013-10-27. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
"Former head of the Air Force flight safety service revealed the secrets of high-profile plane crashes of recent years". Moskovsky Komsomolets (in Russian). Retrieved 10 November 2017.
I cannot be silent anymore about the Irkutsk disaster. (In Russian)(part 1, 2, 3, 4)

Bibliography

Haine, Edgar A. (2000). Disaster in the Air. Associated University Presses. p. 43. ISBN 9780845347775. Retrieved 10 November 2017.

External links

v t e Aviation accidents and incidents in 1997 (1997)
Jan 9 Comair Flight 3272Feb 4 Israeli helicopter disasterMar 18 Stavropolskaya AA Flight 1023Apr 19 Merpati Nusantara Airlines Flight 106May 8 China Southern Airlines Flight 3456Jul 17 Sempati Air Flight 304Jul 30 Air Littoral Flight 701AJul 31 FedEx Express Flight 14Aug 6 Korean Air Flight 801Aug 7 Fine Air Flight 101Aug 10 Formosa Airlines Flight 7601Sep 3 Vietnam Airlines Flight 815Sep 6 Royal Brunei Airlines Flight 839Sep 8 Helikopter Service Flight 451Sep 13 Namibia mid-air collisionSep 26 Garuda Indonesia Flight 152Oct 10 Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553Oct 12 John Denver plane crashNov 5 Virgin Atlantic Flight 024Dec 6 Russian Air Force Antonov An-124Dec 15 Tajikistan Airlines Flight 3183Dec 16 Air Canada Flight 646Dec 17 Aerosvit Flight 241Dec 19 SilkAir Flight 185Dec 28 United Airlines Flight 826
1996 ◄ ► 1998

Aviation accidents and incidents in 1997 (1997)

Jan 9 Comair Flight 3272Feb 4 Israeli helicopter disasterMar 18 Stavropolskaya AA Flight 1023Apr 19 Merpati Nusantara Airlines Flight 106May 8 China Southern Airlines Flight 3456Jul 17 Sempati Air Flight 304Jul 30 Air Littoral Flight 701AJul 31 FedEx Express Flight 14Aug 6 Korean Air Flight 801Aug 7 Fine Air Flight 101Aug 10 Formosa Airlines Flight 7601Sep 3 Vietnam Airlines Flight 815Sep 6 Royal Brunei Airlines Flight 839Sep 8 Helikopter Service Flight 451Sep 13 Namibia mid-air collisionSep 26 Garuda Indonesia Flight 152Oct 10 Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553Oct 12 John Denver plane crashNov 5 Virgin Atlantic Flight 024Dec 6 Russian Air Force Antonov An-124Dec 15 Tajikistan Airlines Flight 3183Dec 16 Air Canada Flight 646Dec 17 Aerosvit Flight 241Dec 19 SilkAir Flight 185Dec 28 United Airlines Flight 826

1996 ◄ ► 1998

Aviation accidents and incidents in Russia in the 1990s

Russian SFSR
(Soviet Union)

1990	Aeroflot Flight 6246 (January 1990)
1991	Aeroflot Flight 8556 (May 1991) Yugavia Flight S-519 (November 1991)

Russian
Federation

1992	Aeroflot Flight 2808 (August 1992)
1993	Sakha Avia Flight 301 (August 1993)
1994	Baikal Airlines Flight 130 (January 1994) Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9045 (February 1994) Aeroflot Flight 593 (March 1994) Vanavara air disaster (September 1994)
1995	Khabarovsk United Air Group Flight 3949 (December 1995)
1996	Abakan Il-76 crash (November 1996)
1997	Stavropolskaya Aktsionernaya Avia Flight 1023 (March 1997) Irkutsk An-124 crash (December 1997)

Aviation incidents in other parts of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991 are not included
1980–1991 (USSR) ◄ 1990–1999 ► 2000–2009

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