| 97th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
| 96th ←→ 98th | |
 United States Capitol (1980) | |
January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983 | |
| Members | 100 senators 435 representatives 5 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Walter Mondale (D) (until January 20, 1981) George H. W. Bush (R) (from January 20, 1981) |
| House majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Tip O'Neill (D) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: January 5, 1981 – December 16, 1981 2nd: January 25, 1982 – December 23, 1982 | |
The 97th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1981, to January 3, 1983, during the final weeks of Jimmy Carter's presidency and the first two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1970 United States census.
While the House of Representatives retained a Democratic majority (albeit reduced from the 96th Congress), the Republicans gained control of the Senate, marking the first time that they had control of either chamber of Congress since the 83rd Congress in 1953.
Major events
Main articles: 1981 in the United States, 1982 in the United States, and 1983 in the United States- Early 1980s recession
- January 20, 1981: Inauguration of President Ronald Reagan
- January 20, 1981: Iran hostage crisis ended
- February 18, 1981: President Reagan addressed a joint session of Congress
- March 30, 1981: Reagan assassination attempt
- April 12, 1981: First space shuttle launched
- June 5, 1981: First recognized case of AIDS
- August 5, 1981: President Reagan fired the air traffic controllers
- September 21, 1981: Senate confirmed the first female United States Supreme Court justice, Sandra Day O'Connor
- April 21, 1982: Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands addressed a joint meeting of Congress.
- November 2, 1982: United States general elections; Republicans retained Senate and Democrats increased control in House.
Major legislation
Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 97th United States Congress- August 13, 1981: Economic Recovery Tax Act (ERTA or Kemp-Roth Tax Cut), Pub. L. 97–34, 95 Stat. 172
- August 13, 1981: Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981, Pub. L. 97–35, 95 Stat. 357
- September 3, 1982: Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, 96 Stat. 324
- September 8, 1982: Uniformed Services Former Spouses' Protection Act (USFSPA), Pub. L. 97–252, 96 Stat. 718
- September 13, 1982: Codification of Title 31 of the United States Code, "Money and Finance", Pub. L. 97–258, 96 Stat. 877
- September 20, 1982: Bus Regulatory Reform Act, Pub. L. 97–261, 96 Stat. 1102
- October 13, 1982: Job Training Partnership Act of 1982, Pub. L. 97–300, 96 Stat. 1322
- October 15, 1982: Garn–St. Germain Depository Institutions Act, Pub. L. 97–320, 96 Stat. 1469
Special or select committees
- Senate Select Committee on Small Business — Became a standing committee on March 25, 1981
- United States Senate Select Committee on Law Enforcement Undercover Activities of the Justice Department — March 24, 1982 – December 15, 1982
Party summary
Senate
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Independent (I) | Republican (R) |
|||
| End of previous congress | 55 | 1 | 44 | 100 | 0 |
| Begin | 46 | 1 | 53 | 100 | 0 |
| End | |||||
| Final voting share | 46.0% | 1.0% | 53.0% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 46 | 0 | 54 | 100 | 0 |
House of Representatives
| House seats by party holding plurality in state | |
|---|---|
| 80+% Democratic | 80+% Republican |
| 60+% to 80% Democratic | 60+% to 80% Republican |
| 50+% to 60% Democratic | 50+% to 60% Republican |
| (Striped): even split | |
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Republican (R) | Conservative (C) |
|||
| End of previous congress | 272 | 158 | 1 | 431 | 4 |
| Begin | 243 | 191 | 1 | 435 | 0 |
| End | 242 | 434 | 1 | ||
| Final voting share | 55.8% | 44.0% | 0.2% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 269 | 164 | 1 | 434 | 1 |
Leadership
Senate
Senate President
Walter Mondale (D),until January 20, 1981
George H. W. Bush (R),from January 20, 1981
- President: Walter Mondale (D), until January 20, 1981
- George H. W. Bush (R), from January 20, 1981
- President pro tempore: Strom Thurmond (R)
Majority (Republican) leadership
- Majority Leader: Howard Baker
- Majority Whip: Ted Stevens
- Republican Conference Chairman: James A. McClure
- Republican Conference Secretary: Jake Garn
- National Senatorial Committee Chair: Bob Packwood
- Policy Committee Chairman: John Tower
Minority (Democratic) leadership
- Minority Leader: Robert Byrd
- Minority Whip: Alan Cranston
- Democratic Caucus Secretary: Daniel Inouye
- Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Wendell Ford
House of Representatives
House Speaker.jpg)
Tip O'Neill (D)
- Speaker: Tip O'Neill (D)
Majority (Democratic) leadership
- Majority Leader: Jim Wright
- Majority Whip: Tom Foley
- Chief Deputy Majority Whip: William Vollie Alexander Jr.
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: Gillis William Long
- Democratic Caucus Secretary: Geraldine Ferraro
- Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Tony Coelho
Minority (Republican) leadership
- Minority Leader: Robert H. Michel
- Minority Whip: Trent Lott
- Chief Deputy Whip: David F. Emery
- Republican Conference Chairman: Jack Kemp
- Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Jack Edwards
- Republican Conference Secretary: Clair Burgener
- Policy Committee Chairman: Dick Cheney
- Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Guy Vander Jagt
Caucuses
- Congressional Arts Caucus
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus
- Congressional Hispanic Caucus
- Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus
- Congresswomen's Caucus
- House Democratic Caucus
- Senate Democratic Caucus
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1982; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1984; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1986.
House of Representatives
Members of the House of Representatives are listed by their district numbers.
Changes in membership
Senate
There were 2 resignations.
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate| State (class) |
Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey (Class 1) |
Harrison A. Williams (D) |
Incumbent resigned March 11, 1982, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation. A successor was appointed April 12, 1982, to finish the term. |
Nicholas F. Brady (R) |
April 12, 1982 |
| New Jersey (Class 1) |
Nicholas F. Brady (R) |
Incumbent resigned December 27, 1982, so his elected successor could be appointed for preferential seniority. A successor was appointed December 27, 1982, to finish the term. |
Frank Lautenberg (D) |
December 27, 1982 |
House of Representatives
There were 4 deaths, 4 resignations, one declared vacancy, and one party change.
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan 4th | David Stockman (R) | Resigned January 27, 1981, after being appointed Director of the Office of Management and Budget | Mark D. Siljander (R) | April 21, 1981 |
| Maryland 5th | Gladys Spellman (D) | Incapacitated since last Congress and seat declared vacant February 24, 1981 | Steny Hoyer (D) | May 19, 1981 |
| Ohio 4th | Tennyson Guyer (R) | Died April 12, 1981 | Mike Oxley (R) | June 25, 1981 |
| Mississippi 4th | Jon Hinson (R) | Resigned April 13, 1981 | Wayne Dowdy (D) | July 7, 1981 |
| Pennsylvania 3rd | Raymond Lederer (D) | Resigned April 29, 1981, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation | Joseph F. Smith (D) | July 21, 1981 |
| Connecticut 1st | William R. Cotter (D) | Died September 8, 1981 | Barbara B. Kennelly (D) | January 12, 1982 |
| Pennsylvania 25th | Eugene Atkinson (D) | Changed parties October 14, 1981 | Eugene Atkinson (R) | October 14, 1981 |
| California 30th | George E. Danielson (D) | Resigned March 9, 1982, after being appointed associate justice of the California Courts of Appeal | Matthew G. Martínez (D) | July 13, 1982 |
| Ohio 17th | John M. Ashbrook (R) | Died April 24, 1982 | Jean Spencer Ashbrook (R) | June 29, 1982 |
| New York 14th | Fred Richmond (D) | Resigned August 25, 1982 | Vacant until end of Congress | |
| Indiana 1st | Adam Benjamin Jr. (D) | Died September 7, 1982 | Katie Hall (D) | November 2, 1982 |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
Senate
- Aging (Special) (Chair: H. John Heinz III)
- Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Chair: Jesse Helms; Ranking Member: Howell Heflin)
- Soil and Water Conservation (Chair: Roger W. Jepsen; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky)
- Agricultural Credit and Rural Electrification (Chair: Paula Hawkins; Ranking Member: Walter D. Huddleston)
- Agricultural Production, Marketing and Stabilization of Prices (Chair: Thad Cochran; Ranking Member: David L. Boren)
- Agricultural Research and General Legislation (Chair: Richard G. Lugar; Ranking Member: Alan J. Dixon)
- Rural Development, Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Mark Andrews; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky)
- Foreign Agricultural Policy (Chair: Rudy Boschwitz; Ranking Member: Alan J. Dixon)
- Nutrition (Chair: Bob Dole; Ranking Member: Patrick J. Leahy)
- Foreign, Water Resources and Environment (Chair: S.I. Hayakawa; Ranking Member: John Melcher)
- Appropriations (Chair: Mark Hatfield; Ranking Member: William Proxmire)
- Agriculture and Related Agencies (Chair: Thad Cochran; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton)
- Defense (Chair: Ted Stevens; Ranking Member: John C. Stennis)
- District of Columbia (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member: Patrick J. Leahy)
- Energy and Water Development (Chair: Mark Hatfield; Ranking Member: J. Bennett Johnston)
- Foreign Operations (Chair: Bob Kasten; Ranking Member: Daniel K. Inouye)
- HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: Jake Garn; Ranking Member: Walter D. Huddleston)
- Interior (Chair: James A. McClure; Ranking Member: Robert C. Byrd)
- Labor-Health, Education and Welfare (Chair: Harrison Schmitt; Ranking Member: William Proxmire)
- Legislative (Chair: Mack Mattingly; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers)
- Military Construction (Chair: Paul Laxalt; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser)
- State, Justice, Commerce and Judiciary (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings)
- Transportation (Chair: Mark Andrews; Ranking Member: Lawton Chiles)
- Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair: James Abdnor; Ranking Member: Dennis DeConcini)
- Armed Services (Chair: John Tower; Ranking Member: Gary Hart)
- Military Construction (Chair: Strom Thurmond; Ranking Member: Howard Cannon)
- Tactical Warfare (Chair: Barry Goldwater; Ranking Member: Henry M. Jackson)
- Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces (Chair: John W. Warner; Ranking Member: Carl Levin)
- Preparedness (Chair: Gordon J. Humphrey; Ranking Member: Carl Levin)
- Sea Power and Force Projection (Chair: William S. Cohen; Ranking Member: Harry F. Byrd Jr.)
- Manpower and Personnel (Chair: Roger W. Jepsen; Ranking Member: J. James Exon)
- Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair: Jake Garn; Ranking Member: Harrison A. Williams Jr.)
- Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair: Richard G. Lugar; Ranking Member: Harrison A. Williams Jr.)
- Financial Institutions (Chair: John Tower; Ranking Member: Alan Cranston)
- International Finance and Monetary Policy (Chair: H. John Heinz III; Ranking Member: William Proxmire)
- Economic Policy (Chair: William L. Armstrong; Ranking Member: Donald W. Riegle Jr.)
- Securities (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member: Paul Sarbanes)
- Rural Housing and Development (Chair: Harrison Schmitt; Ranking Member: Alan Dixon)
- Consumer Affairs (Chair: John H. Chafee; Ranking Member: Chris Dodd)
- Budget (Chair: Pete Domenici; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings)
- Commerce, Science and Transportation (Chair: Bob Packwood; Ranking Member: Howard Cannon)
- Aviation (Chair: Nancy L. Kassebaum; Ranking Member: Howard Cannon)
- Business, Trade and Tourism (Chair: Larry Pressler; Ranking Member: J. James Exon)
- Communications (Chair: Barry Goldwater; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings)
- Consumer (Chair: Bob Kasten; Ranking Member: Wendell H. Ford)
- Merchant Marine (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member: Daniel K. Inouye)
- Science, Technology and Space (Chair: Harrison Schmitt; Ranking Member: Donald W. Riegle Jr.)
- Surface Transportation (Chair: John C. Danforth; Ranking Member: Russell B. Long)
- Energy and Natural Resources (Chair: James A. McClure; Ranking Member: Henry M. Jackson)
- Energy Conservation and Supply (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum)
- Energy Regulation (Chair: Gordon J. Humphrey; Ranking Member: J. Bennett Johnston)
- Energy Research and Development (Chair: Pete Domenici; Ranking Member: Wendell H. Ford)
- Energy and Mineral Resources (Chair: John W. Warner; Ranking Member: Spark M. Matsunaga)
- Water and Power (Chair: Frank H. Murkowski; Ranking Member: John Melcher)
- Public Lands and Reserved Water (Chair: Malcolm Wallop; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers)
- Environment and Public Works (Chair: Robert Stafford; Ranking Member: Jennings Randolph)
- Environmental Pollution (Chair: John H. Chafee; Ranking Member: Jennings Randolph)
- Nuclear Regulation (Chair: Alan K. Simpson; Ranking Member: George J. Mitchell)
- Water Resources (Chair: James Abdnor; Ranking Member: Gary Hart)
- Transportation (Chair: Steve Symms; Ranking Member: Lloyd Bentsen)
- Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member: Max Baucus)
- Regional and Community Development (Chair: Frank H. Murkowski; Ranking Member: Quentin N. Burdick)
- Ethics (Select) (Chair: Malcolm Wallop; Vice Chairman: Howell Heflin)
- Finance (Chair: Bob Dole; Ranking Member: Harry F. Byrd Jr.)
- Taxation and Debt Management (Chair: Bob Packwood; Ranking Member: Lloyd Bentsen)
- International Trade (Chair: John C. Danforth; Ranking Member: Spark Matsunaga)
- Savings, Pensions and Investment Policy (Chair: John H. Chafee; Ranking Member: Spark Matsunaga)
- Economic Growth, Employment and Revenue Sharing (Chair: H. John Heinz III; Ranking Member: George J. Mitchell)
- Energy and Agricultural Taxation (Chair: Malcolm Wallop; Ranking Member: Bill Bradley)
- Estate and Gift Taxation (Chair: Steve Symms; Ranking Member: David L. Boren)
- Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service (Chair: Chuck Grassley; Ranking Member: Max Baucus)
- Foreign Relations (Chair: Charles H. Percy; Ranking Member: Claiborne Pell)
- International Economic Policy (Chair: Jesse Helms; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky)
- Arms Control, Oceans, International Operations and Environment (Chair: S.I. Hayakawa; Ranking Member: John Glenn)
- Western Hemisphere Affairs (Chair: Jesse Helms; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky)
- East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair: S.I. Hayakawa; Ranking Member: John Glenn)
- European Affairs (Chair: Richard G. Lugar; Ranking Member: Joe Biden)
- International Economic Policy (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Chris Dodd)
- African Affairs (Chair: Nancy Kassebaum; Ranking Member: Paul Tsongas)
- Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs (Chair: Rudy Boschwitz; Ranking Member: Paul Sarbanes)
- Arms Control, Oceans, International Operations and Environment (Chair: Larry Pressler; Ranking Member: Alan Cranston)
- Governmental Affairs (Chair: Bill Roth; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton)
- Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (Chair: William V. Roth; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn)
- Intergovernmental Relations (Chair: David Durenberger; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser)
- Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton)
- Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services (Chair: Charles H. Percy; Ranking Member: John Glenn)
- Federal Expenditures, Research and Rules (Chair: John C. Danforth; Ranking Member: Lawton Chiles)
- Civil Service, Post Office and General Services (Chair: Ted Stevens; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser)
- Oversight of Government Management (Chair: William S. Cohen; Ranking Member: Carl Levin)
- Congressional Operations and Oversight (Chair: Mack Mattingly; Ranking Member: David Pryor)
- Indian Affairs (Select) (Chair: William Cohen)
- Judiciary (Chair: Strom Thurmond; Ranking Member: Joe Biden)
- Criminal Law (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Joe Biden)
- Regulatory Reform (Chair: Paul Laxalt; Ranking Member: Patrick J. Leahy)
- Constitution (Chair: Orrin Hatch; Ranking Member: Dennis DeConcini)
- Courts (Chair: Bob Dole; Ranking Member: Howell Heflin)
- Immigration and Refugee Policy (Chair: Alan K. Simpson; Ranking Member: Ted Kennedy)
- Separation of Powers (Chair: John P. East; Ranking Member: Max Baucus)
- Agency Administration (Chair: Chuck Grassley; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum)
- Security and Terrorism (Chair: Jeremiah Denton; Ranking Member: Max Baucus)
- Juvenile Justice (Chair: Arlen Specter; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum)
- Intelligence (Select) (Chair: Barry Goldwater; Vice Chairman: Daniel Moynihan)
- Labor and Human Resources (Chair: Orrin Hatch; Ranking Member: Ted Kennedy)
- Labor (Chair: Don Nickles; Ranking Member: Harrison A. Williams)
- Education, Arts and Humanities (Chair: Robert Stafford; Ranking Member: Claiborne Pell)
- Employment and Productivity (Chair: Dan Quayle; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum)
- Handicapped (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker; Ranking Member: Jennings Randolph)
- Alcoholism and Drug Abuse (Chair: Gordon J. Humphrey; Ranking Member: Donald W. Riegle Jr.)
- Aging, Family and Human Services (Chair: Jeremiah Denton; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton)
- Investigations and General Oversight (Chair: Paula Hawkins; Ranking Member: Ted Kennedy)
- Nutrition and Human Needs (Select) (Chair: [data missing]; Ranking Member: [data missing])
- Rules and Administration (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Wendell H. Ford)
- Small Business (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker Jr.; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn)
- Capital Formation and Retention (Chair: Bob Packwood; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn)
- Government Regulation and Paperwork (Chair: Orrin G. Hatch; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers)
- Urban and Rural Economic Development (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member: Alan J. Dixon)
- Government Procurement (Chair: Don Nickles; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser)
- Productivity and Competition (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member: Max Baucus)
- Innovation and Technology (Chair: Warren Rudman; Ranking Member: Carl Levin)
- Export Promotion and Market Development (Chair: Rudy Boschwitz; Ranking Member: Walter D. Huddleston)
- Advocacy and Future of Small Business (Chair: S.I. Hayakawa; Ranking Member: Paul Tsongas)
- Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Alan K. Simpson; Ranking Member: Alan Cranston)
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Aging (Select) (Chair: Claude Pepper)
- Agriculture (Chair: Kika de la Garza; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler)
- Cotton, Rice and Sugar (Chair: David R. Bowen; Ranking Member: Bill Thomas)
- Livestock, Dairy and Poultry (Chair: Tom Harkin; Ranking Member: Tom Hagedorn)
- Tobacco and Peanuts (Chair: Charlie Rose; Ranking Member: Larry J. Hopkins)
- Wheat, Soybeans and Feed Grains (Chair: Tom Foley; Ranking Member: Paul Findley)
- Conservation Credit and Rural Development (Chair: Ed Jones; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords)
- Department Operations Research and Foreign Agriculture (Chair: George E. Brown Jr.; Ranking Member: William C. Wampler)
- Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition (Chair: Frederick W. Richmond; Ranking Member: Ron Marlenee)
- Forests, Family Farms and Energy (Chair: Jim Weaver; Ranking Member: Jim Weaver)
- Appropriations (Chair: Jamie L. Whitten; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte)
- Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (Chair: Jamie L. Whitten; Ranking Member: Virginia Smith)
- Defense (Chair: Joseph P. Addabbo; Ranking Member: Jack Edwards)
- District of Columbia (Chair: Julian C. Dixon; Ranking Member: Lawrence Coughlin)
- Energy and Power (Chair: Tom Bevill; Ranking Member: John T. Myers)
- Foreign Operations (Chair: Clarence D. Long; Ranking Member: Jack F. Kemp)
- HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: Edward P. Boland; Ranking Member: Bill Green)
- Interior (Chair: Sidney R. Yates; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade)
- Labor-Health and Human Services (Chair: William Huston Natcher; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte)
- Legislative (Chair: Vic Fazio; Ranking Member: Clair W. Burgener)
- Military Construction (Chair: Bo Ginn; Ranking Member: Ralph Regula)
- Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary (Chair: Neal Edward Smith; Ranking Member: George M. O'Brien)
- Transportation (Chair: Adam Benjamin Jr.; Ranking Member: Lawrence Coughlin)
- Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair: Edward Roybal; Ranking Member: Clarence E. Miller)
- Armed Services (Chair: Charles Melvin Price; Ranking Member: William L. Dickinson)
- Research and Development (Chair: Charles Melvin Price; Ranking Member: William L. Dickinson)
- Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials (Chair: Charles Edward Bennett; Ranking Member: Floyd Spence)
- Procurement and Military Nuclear Systems (Chair: Samuel S. Stratton; Ranking Member: Marjorie S. Holt)
- Investigations (Chair: Richard Crawford White; Ranking Member: Robin Beard)
- Military Personnel and Compensation (Chair: Bill Nichols; Ranking Member: Donald J. Mitchell)
- Military Installations and Facilities (Chair: Jack Brinkley; Ranking Member: Paul S. Trible)
- Readiness (Chair: Dan Daniel; Ranking Member: G. William Whitehurst)
- Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton)
- Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie)
- Housing and Community Development (Chair: Henry B. Gonzalez; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton)
- General Oversight and Renegotiation (Chair: Joseph G. Minish; Ranking Member: Ron Paul)
- Consumer Affairs and Coinage (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Thomas B. Evans Jr.)
- International Development Institutions and Finance (Chair: Jerry M. Patterson; Ranking Member: Henry J. Hyde)
- Domestic Monetary Policy (Chair: Walter E. Fauntroy; Ranking Member: George V. Hansen)
- International Trade, Investment and Monetary Policy (Chair: Stephen L. Neal; Ranking Member: Jim Leach)
- Economic Stabilization (Chair: James J. Blanchard; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney)
- Budget (Chair: James R. Jones; Ranking Member: Del Latta)
- District of Columbia (Chair: Ron Dellums; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney)
- Fiscal Affairs and Health (Chair: Ron Dellums; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney)
- Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs (Chair: William H. Gray III; Ranking Member: Stanford Parris)
- Judiciary and Education (Chair: Mervyn M. Dymally; Ranking Member: Thomas J. Bliley Jr.)
- Education and Labor (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook)
- Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education (Chair: Carl D. Perkins; Ranking Member: William F. Goodling)
- Employment Opportunities (Chair: Augustus F. Hawkins; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords)
- Labor-Management Relations (Chair: Phillip Burton; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook)
- Health and Safety (Chair: Joseph M. Gaydos; Ranking Member: Ken Kramer)
- Human Resources (Chair: Ike Andrews; Ranking Member: Tom Petri)
- Postsecondary Education (Chair: Paul Simon; Ranking Member: E. Thomas Coleman)
- Labor Standards (Chair: George Miller; Ranking Member: E. Thomas Coleman)
- Select Education (Chair: Austin J. Murphy; Ranking Member: Arlen Erdahl)
- Energy and Commerce (Chair: John Dingell; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill)
- Oversight and Investigations (Chair: John D. Dingell; Ranking Member: Marc L. Marks)
- Energy Conservation and Power (Chair: Richard L. Ottinger; Ranking Member: Carlos J. Moorhead)
- Health and the Environment (Chair: Henry Waxman; Ranking Member: Edward R. Madigan)
- Telecommunications, Consumer Protection and Finance (Chair: Timothy E. Wirth; Ranking Member: James M. Collins)
- Fossil and Synthetic Fuels (Chair: Philip R. Sharp; Ranking Member: Clarence J. Brown)
- Commerce, Transportation and Tourism (Chair: James J. Florio; Ranking Member: Norman F. Lent)
- Foreign Affairs (Chair: Clement J. Zablocki; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield)
- International Security and Scientific Affairs (Chair: Clement J. Zablocki; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield)
- International Operations (Chair: Dante B. Fascell; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski)
- Europe and the Middle East (Chair: Lee H. Hamilton; Ranking Member: Paul Findley)
- Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair: Stephen J. Solarz; Ranking Member: N/A)
- International Economic Policy and Trade (Chair: Jonathan B. Bingham; Ranking Member: Robert J. Lagomarsino)
- Human Rights and International Organizations (Chair: Stephen J. Solarz; Ranking Member: Jim Leach)
- Africa (Chair: Howard Wolpe; Ranking Member: William F. Goodling)
- Inter-American Affairs (Chair: Michael D. Barnes; Ranking Member: Benjamin A. Gilman)
- Government Operations (Chair: Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton)
- Legislation and National Security (Chair: Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton)
- Ingovernmental Relations and Human Resources (Chair: Lawrence H. Fountain; Ranking Member: Clarence J. Brown)
- Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs (Chair: Benjamin S. Rosenthal; Ranking Member: Lyle Williams)
- Manpower and Housing (Chair: Cardiss Collins; Ranking Member: Paul N. McCloskey Jr.)
- Government Activities and Transportation (Chair: John L. Burton; Ranking Member: Robert S. Walker)
- Government Information and Individual Rights (Chair: Glenn English; Ranking Member: Thomas N. Kindness)
- Environment, Energy and Natural Resources (Chair: Toby Moffett; Ranking Member: H. Joel Deckard)
- House Administration (Chair: Augustus F. Hawkins; Ranking Member: Bill Frenzel)
- Accounts (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Robert E. Badham)
- Contracts and Printing (Chair: Joseph M. Gaydos; Ranking Member: Newt Gingrich)
- Services (Chair: Ed Jones; Ranking Member: William L. Dickinson)
- Office Systems (Chair: Bob Mollohan; Ranking Member: Bill Thomas)
- Personnel and Police (Chair: Joseph G. Minish; Ranking Member: Gary Lee)
- Policy Group on Information and Computers (Chair: Charlie Rose; Ranking Member: James K. Coyne)
- Insular Affairs (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.)
- Energy and the Environment (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.)
- Water and Power Resources (Chair: Abraham Kazen Jr.; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen)
- Public Lands and National Lands (Chair: John Seiberling; Ranking Member: Don Young)
- Insular Affairs (Chair: Antonio B. Won Pat; Ranking Member: Robert J. Lagomarsino)
- Mines and Mining (Chair: Jim Santini; Ranking Member: Dan Marriott)
- Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Edward J. Markey; Ranking Member: Ron Marlenee)
- Judiciary (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Robert McClory)
- Immigration, Refugees and International Law (Chair: Romano L. Mazzoli; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV)
- Administrative Law and Governmental Relations (Chair: George E. Danielson; Ranking Member: Carlos J. Moorhead)
- Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice (Chair: Robert W. Kastenmeier; Ranking Member: Thomas Railsback)
- Civil and Constitutional Rights (Chair: Don Edwards; Ranking Member: Henry J. Hyde)
- Monopolies and Commercial Law (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Robert McClory)
- Crime (Chair: William J. Hughes; Ranking Member: John M. Ashbrook)
- Criminal Justice (Chair: John Conyers; Ranking Member: James Sensenbrenner)
- Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chair: Walter B. Jones Sr.; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder)
- Merchant Marine (Chair: Mario Biaggi; Ranking Member: Paul N. McCloskey Jr.)
- Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment (Chair: John B. Breaux; Ranking Member: Edwin B. Forsythe)
- Coast Guard and Navigation (Chair: Gerry E. Studds; Ranking Member: Don Young)
- Oceangraphy (Chair: Norman D'Amours; Ranking Member: Joel Pritchard)
- Panama Canal and Outer Continental Stuff (Chair: Carroll Hubbard Jr.; Ranking Member: Norman F. Lent)
- Narcotics Abuse and Control (Select) (Chair: Leo C. Zeferetti)
- Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: William D. Ford; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski)
- Investigations (Chair: William D. Ford; Ranking Member: Edward J. Derwinski)
- Postal Operations and Services (Chair: Bill Clay; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor)
- Civil Service (Chair: Patricia Schroeder; Ranking Member: Chip Pashayan)
- Compensation and Employee Benefits (Chair: Mary Rose Oakar; Ranking Member: William E. Dannemeyer)
- Census and Population (Chair: Robert Garcia; Ranking Member: Jim Courter)
- Postal Personnel and Modernization (Chair: Mickey Leland; Ranking Member: Benjamin A. Gilman)
- Human Resources (Chair: Geraldine A. Ferraro; Ranking Member: Tom Corcoran)
- Public Works and Transportation (Chair: James J. Howard; Ranking Member: Don H. Clausen)
- Aviation (Chair: Norman Y. Mineta; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder)
- Economic Development (Chair: Jim Oberstar; Ranking Member: Tom Hagedorn)
- Investigations and Oversight (Chair: Elliott H. Levitas; Ranking Member: Barry M. Goldwater)
- Public Buildings and Grounds (Chair: John G. Fary; Ranking Member: Arlan Stangeland)
- Surface Transportation (Chair: Glenn M. Anderson; Ranking Member: Bud Shuster)
- Water Resources (Chair: Robert A. Roe; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
- Rules (Chair: Richard Walker Bolling; Ranking Member: Jimmy Quillen)
- The Legislative Process (Chair: Gillis W. Long; Ranking Member: Trent Lott)
- Rules of the House (Chair: Joe Moakley; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor)
- Science and Technology (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Larry Winn Jr.)
- Energy Development and Applications (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV)
- Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environment (Chair: James H. Scheuer; Ranking Member: William Carney)
- Energy Research and Production (Chair: Marilyn Lloyd; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.)
- Science, Research and Technology (Chair: Doug Walgren; Ranking Member: Margaret M. Heckler)
- Space Science and Applications (Chair: Ronnie G. Flippo; Ranking Member: Harold C. Hollenbeck)
- Transportation, Aviation and Materials (Chair: Dan Glickman; Ranking Member: Barry M. Goldwater)
- Investigations and Oversight (Chair: Al Gore; Ranking Member: Robert S. Walker)
- Small Business (Chair: Parren Mitchell; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade)
- SBA and SBIC Authority, Minority Enterprise and General Small Business Problems (Chair: Parren J. Mitchell; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade)
- General Oversight (Chair: John J. LaFalce; Ranking Member: J. William Stanton)
- Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities affecting Small Business (Chair: Tom Luken; Ranking Member: Lyle Williams)
- Energy, Environment and Safety Issues affecting Small Business (Chair: Berkley Bedell; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte)
- Tax, Access to Equity Capital and Business Opportunities (Chair: Henry Nowak; Ranking Member: Dan Marriott)
- Export Opportunities and Special Small Business Problems (Chair: Andy Ireland; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield)
- Standards of Official Conduct (Chair: Louis Stokes; Ranking Member: Floyd D. Spence)
- Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Gillespie V. Montgomery; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
- Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Gillespie V. Montgomery; Ranking Member: Elwood Hillis)
- Hospitals and Health Care (Chair: Ronald M. Mottl; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt)
- Education, Training and Employment (Chair: Bob Edgar; Ranking Member: Margaret M. Heckler)
- Compensation, Pension and Insurance (Chair: Sam B. Hall; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie)
- Housing and Memorial Affairs (Chair: Marvin Leath; Ranking Member: N/A)
- Ways and Means (Chair: Dan Rostenkowski; Ranking Member: Barber B. Conable)
- Trade (Chair: Sam Gibbons; Ranking Member: Guy Vander Jagt)
- Social Security (Chair: J.J. Pickle; Ranking Member: Bill Archer)
- Oversight (Chair: Charles Rangel; Ranking Member: Phil Crane)
- Select Revenue Measures (Chair: William Cotter; Ranking Member: John Duncan Sr.)
- Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation (Chair: Pete Stark; Ranking Member: Skip Bafalis)
- Health (Chair: Andrew Jacobs Jr.; Ranking Member: Bill Gradison)
- Whole
Joint committees
- Economic (Chair: Rep. Henry S. Reuss; Vice Chair: Sen. Roger W. Jepsen)
- Taxation (Chair: Rep. Dan Rostenkowski; Vice Chair: Sen. Bob Dole)
- The Library (Chair: Rep. Augustus F. Hawkins; Vice Chair: Sen. Charles Mathias)
- Printing (Chair: Sen. Charles Mathias; Vice Chair: Rep. Augustus F. Hawkins)
Employees
Legislative branch agency directors
- Architect of the Capitol: George M. White
- Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Freeman H. Cary
- Comptroller General of the United States: Elmer B. Staats, until March 3, 1981
- Charles A. Bowsher, starting date unknown in 1981
- Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Alice M. Rivlin
- Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin
- Public Printer of the United States: Danford L. Sawyer Jr.
Senate
- Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson (Presbyterian), until February 9, 1981
- Richard C. Halverson (Presbyterian), from February 9, 1981
- Curator: James R. Ketchum
- Historian: Richard A. Baker
- Parliamentarian: Robert Dove
- Secretary: William Hildenbrand
- Librarian: Roger K. Haley
- Sergeant at Arms: Howard S. Liebengood
- Secretary for the Majority: Howard O. Greene Jr.
- Secretary for the Minority: Walter J. Stewart, until September 1, 1981
- Terrence E. Sauvain, from September 1, 1981
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: James D. Ford (Lutheran)
- Clerk: Edmund L. Henshaw Jr.
- Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy
- Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown
- Postmaster: Robert V. Rota
- Reading Clerks: Meg Goetz (D) and Bob Berry (R)
- Sergeant at Arms: Benjamin J. Guthrie
See also
- List of new members of the 97th United States Congress
- 1980 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1982 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
Notes
- U.S. Vice President Walter Mondale's term as President of the Senate ended at noon on January 20, 1981, when George H. W. Bush's term began.
- ^ The Republican Party of Minnesota was officially known as the Independent-Republicans of Minnesota from November 15, 1975, until September 23, 1995, and are counted as Republicans.
- ^ The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.
- Caucused with the Republicans.
- ^ When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
- "Videos of House of Representatives Sessions for the 97th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
- "Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 97th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
- House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 97th Congress (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2018. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress.
- Congress, United States (1981). Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 97th Congress (Revised).
- Official Congressional Directory for the 97th Congress.
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