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The angle of list is the degree to which a vessel heels (leans or tilts) to either port or starboard at equilibrium—with no external forces acting upon it. If a listing ship goes beyond the point where a righting moment will keep it afloat, it will capsize and potentially sink.

Listing is caused by the off-centerline distribution of weight aboard due to uneven loading or to flooding. By contrast, roll is the dynamic movement from side to side caused by waves.

See also

• Angle of loll
• Heeling (sailing)
• Capsizing
• Metacentric height
• Ship stability
• Ship motions

References

1. Kemp, Peter (1976). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Oxford University Press. p. 488. ISBN 0192115537.
2. Barrass, Bryan; Derrett, D. R. (2011-02-23). Ship Stability for Masters and Mates. Elsevier. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-08-046008-6.
3. Naval Training Publications Detachment (1972). Hull Maintenance Tech 3 & 2. Washington, DC: United States Naval Training Publications. p. 522.

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