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Isotopes of antimony

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Isotopes of antimony (51Sb)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
Sb 57.2% stable
Sb 42.8% stable
Sb synth 2.7576 y β Te
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Sb)

Antimony (51Sb) occurs in two stable isotopes, Sb and Sb. There are 37 artificial radioactive isotopes, the longest-lived of which are Sb, with a half-life of 2.75856 years; Sb, with half-life 60.2 days; and Sb, with half-life 12.35 days. All other isotopes have half-lives less than 4 days, most less than an hour. There are also many isomers, the longest-lived of which is Sb with half-life 5.76 days.

Except for beryllium, antimony is the lightest element observed to have isotopes capable of alpha decay; Sb is seen to undergo this mode of decay. Some light elements, namely those near Be, have isotopes with delayed alpha emission (following proton or beta emission) as a rare branch.

List of isotopes


Nuclide
Z N Isotopic mass (Da)
Half-life
Decay
mode

Daughter
isotope

Spin and
parity
Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Excitation energy Normal proportion Range of variation
Sb 51 53 103.93634(11)# 470(130) ms β? Sn
p (<7%) Sn
β, p (<7%) In
α? In
Sb 51 54 104.931277(23) 1.12(16) s β (>99.9%) Sn (5/2+)
p (<0.1%) Sn
β, p? In
Sb 51 55 105.9286380(80) 0.6(2) s β Sn (2+)
Sb 103.5(3) keV 226(14) ns IT Sb (4+)
Sb 51 56 106.9241506(45) 4.0(2) s β Sn 5/2+#
Sb 51 57 107.9222267(59) 7.4(3) s β Sn (4+)
Sb 51 58 108.9181412(57) 17.2(5) s β Sn 5/2+#
Sb 51 59 109.9168543(64) 23.6(3) s β Sn (3+)
Sb 51 60 110.9132182(95) 75(1) s β Sn (5/2+)
Sb 51 61 111.912400(19) 53.5(6) s β Sn (3+)
Sb 825.9(4) keV 536(22) ns IT Sb (8−)
Sb 51 62 112.909375(18) 6.67(7) min β Sn 5/2+
Sb 51 63 113.909289(21) 3.49(3) min β Sn 3+
Sb 495.5(7) keV 219(12) μs IT Sb (8−)
Sb 51 64 114.906598(17) 32.1(3) min β Sn 5/2+
Sb 2796.26(9) keV 159(3) ns IT Sb (19/2)−
Sb 51 65 115.9067927(55) 15.8(8) min β Sn 3+
Sb 93.99(5) keV 194(4) ns IT Sb 1+
Sb 390(40) keV 60.3(6) min β Sn 8−
Sb 51 66 116.9048415(91) 2.97(2) h β Sn 5/2+
Sb 3130.76(19) keV 355(17) μs IT Sb (25/2)+
Sb 3230.7(2) keV 290(5) ns IT Sb (23/2−)
Sb 51 67 117.9055322(32) 3.6(1) min β Sn 1+
Sb 50.814(21) keV 20.6(6) μs IT Sb 3+
Sb 250(6) keV 5.01(3) h β Sn 8−
Sb 51 68 118.9039441(75) 38.19(22) h EC Sn 5/2+
Sb 2553.6(3) keV 130(3) ns IT Sb 19/2−
Sb 2841.7(4) keV 835(81) ms IT Sb 25/2+
Sb 51 69 119.9050803(77) 15.89(4) min β Sn 1+
Sb 0(100)# keV 5.76(2) d β Sn 8−
Sb 78.16(5) keV 246(2) ns IT Sb (3+)
Sb 2328(100)# keV 400(8) ns IT Sb 13+
Sb 51 70 120.9038114(27) Stable 5/2+ 0.5721(5)
Sb 2751(17) keV 179(6) μs IT Sb (25/2+)
Sb 51 71 121.9051693(27) 2.7238(2) d β (97.59%) Te 2−
β (2.41%) Sn
Sb 61.4131(5) keV 1.86(8) μs IT Sb 3+
Sb 137.4726(8) keV 0.53(3) ms IT Sb 5+
Sb 163.5591(17) keV 4.191(3) min IT Sb 8−
Sb 51 72 122.9042153(15) Stable 7/2+ 0.4279(5)
Sb 2237.8(3) keV 214(3) ns IT Sb 19/2−
Sb 2613.4(4) keV 65(1) μs IT Sb 23/2+
Sb 51 73 123.9059371(15) 60.20(3) d β Te 3−
Sb 10.8627(8) keV 93(5) s IT (75%) Sb 5+
β (25%) Te
Sb 36.8440(14) keV 20.2(2) min IT Sb (8)−
Sb 40.8038(7) keV 3.2(3) μs IT Sb (3+)
Sb 51 74 124.9052543(27) 2.7576(11) y β Te 7/2+
Sb 1971.25(20) keV 4.1(2) μs IT Sb 15/2−
Sb 2112.1(3) keV 28.5(5) μs IT Sb 19/2−
Sb 2471.0(4) keV 277.0(64) ns IT Sb (23/2)+
Sb 51 75 125.907253(34) 12.35(6) d β Te 8−
Sb 17.7(3) keV 19.15(8) min β (86%) Te 5+
IT (14%) Sb
Sb 40.4(3) keV ~11 s IT Sb 3−
Sb 104.6(3) keV 553(5) ns IT Sb 3+
Sb 1810.7(17) keV 90(16) ns IT Sb (13+)
Sb 51 76 126.9069256(55) 3.85(5) d β Te 7/2+
Sb 1920.19(21) keV 11.7(1) μs IT Sb 15/2−
Sb 2324.7(4) keV 269(5) ns IT Sb 23/2+
Sb 51 77 127.909146(20) 9.05(4) h β Te 8−
Sb 10(6) keV 10.41(18) min β (96.4%) Te 5+
IT (3.6%) Sb
Sb 1617.3(7) keV 500(20) ns IT Sb (11+)
Sb 1769.9(12) keV 217(7) ns IT Sb (13+)
Sb 51 78 128.909147(23) 4.366(26) h β Te 7/2+
Sb 1851.31(6) keV 17.7(1) min β (85%) Te 19/2−
IT (15%) Sb
Sb 1861.06(5) keV 2.23(17) μs IT Sb 15/2−
Sb 2139.4(3) keV 0.89(3) μs IT Sb 23/2+
Sb 51 79 129.911663(15) 39.5(8) min β Te 8−
Sb 4.80(20) keV 6.3(2) min β Te 4+
Sb 84.67(4) keV 800(100) ns IT Sb 6−
Sb 1508(1) keV 600(15) ns IT Sb (11+)
Sb 1544.7(5) keV 1.25(1) μs IT Sb (13+)
Sb 51 80 130.9119893(22) 23.03(4) min β Te 7/2+
Sb 1676.06(6) keV 64.2(26) μs IT Sb 15/2−
Sb 1687.2(9) keV 4.3(8) μs IT Sb 19/2−
Sb 2165.6(15) keV 0.97(3) μs IT Sb 23/2+
Sb 51 81 131.9145141(29) 2.79(7) min β Te (4)+
Sb 139.3(20) keV 4.10(5) min β Te (8−)
Sb 254.5(3) keV 102(4) ns IT Sb (6−)
Sb 51 82 132.9152721(34) 2.34(5) min β Te (7/2+)
Sb 4541(9) keV 16.54(19) μs IT Sb (21/2+)
Sb 51 83 133.9205373(33) 674(4) ms β Te (0-)
β, n? Te
Sb 279(1) keV 10.01(4) s β (99.91%) Te (7−)
β, n (0.088%) Te
Sb 51 84 134.9251844(28) 1.668(9) s β (80.9%) Te (7/2+)
β, n (19.1%) Te
Sb 51 85 135.9307490(63) 0.923(14) s β (75.2%) Te (1−)
β, n (24.7%) Te
β, 2n (0.14%) Te
Sb 269.3(5) keV 570(5) ns IT Sb (6−)
Sb 51 86 136.935523(56) 497(21) ms β (51%) Te 7/2+#
β, n (49%) Te
β, 2n? Te
Sb 51 87 137.94133(32)# 333(7) ms β, n (72%) Te (3−)
β (28%) Te
β, 2n? Te
Sb 51 88 138.94627(43)# 182(9) ms β, n (90%) Te 7/2+#
β (10%) Te
β, 2n? Te
Sb 51 89 139.95235(64)# 170(6) ms β (69%) Te (3−)
β, n (23%) Te
β, 2n (7.6%) Te
Sb 330(30)# keV 41(8) μs IT Sb (6−,7−)
Sb 51 90 140.95755(54)# 103(29) ms β Te 7/2+#
β, n? Te
β, 2n? Te
Sb 51 91 141.96392(32)# 80(50) ms β Te
β, n? Te
β, 2n? Te
This table header & footer:
  1. Sb – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. Modes of decay:
    EC: Electron capture
    IT: Isomeric transition
    n: Neutron emission
    p: Proton emission
  5. Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
  6. Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  7. ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  8. ^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  9. ^ Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.
  10. ^ Fission product

References

  1. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Antimony". CIAAW. 1993.
  3. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  4. Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
  5. ^ Jaries, A.; Stryjczyk, M.; Kankainen, A.; Ayoubi, L. Al; Beliuskina, O.; Canete, L.; de Groote, R. P.; Delafosse, C.; Delahaye, P.; Eronen, T.; Flayol, M.; Ge, Z.; Geldhof, S.; Gins, W.; Hukkanen, M.; Imgram, P.; Kahl, D.; Kostensalo, J.; Kujanpää, S.; Kumar, D.; Moore, I. D.; Mougeot, M.; Nesterenko, D. A.; Nikas, S.; Patel, D.; Penttilä, H.; Pitman-Weymouth, D.; Pohjalainen, I.; Raggio, A.; Ramalho, M.; Reponen, M.; Rinta-Antila, S.; de Roubin, A.; Ruotsalainen, J.; Srivastava, P. C.; Suhonen, J.; Vilen, M.; Virtanen, V.; Zadvornaya, A. "Physical Review C - Accepted Paper: Isomeric states of fission fragments explored via Penning trap mass spectrometry at IGISOL". journals.aps.org. arXiv:2403.04710.
Isotopes of the chemical elements
Group 1 2   3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Period Hydrogen and
alkali metals
Alkaline
earth metals
Pnicto­gens Chal­co­gens Halo­gens Noble gases
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