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Setun

A photo of a Setun computer in 1959.
Developer	Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov at Moscow State University
Manufacturer	Kazan Mathematical plant
Release date	1959; 65 years ago (1959)
Lifespan	1959–1965
Units sold	50
Successor	Setun-70

Setun (Russian: Сетунь) was a computer developed in 1958 at Moscow State University. It was built under the leadership of Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov. It was the most modern ternary computer, using the balanced ternary numeral system and three-valued ternary logic instead of the two-valued binary logic prevalent in other computers.

Overview

The computer was built to fulfill the needs of Moscow State University. It was manufactured at the Kazan Mathematical plant. Fifty computers were built from 1959 until 1965, when production was halted. The characteristic operating memory consisted of 81 words of memory, each word composed of 18 trits (ternary digits) with additional 1944 words on magnetic drum (total of about 7 KB). Between 1965 and 1970, a regular binary computer was used at Moscow State University to replace it. Although this replacement binary computer performed equally well, it was 2.5 times the cost of the Setun.

In 1970, a new ternary computer architecture, the Setun-70, was developed. Edsger W. Dijkstra's ideas of structured programming were implemented in the hardware of this computer. The short instructions set was developed and implemented by Nikolay Brusentsov independently from RISC architecture principles.

The Setun-70 hardware architecture was transformed into the Dialogue System of Structured Programming (DSSP). DSSP emulates the "Setun 70" architecture on binary computers, thus it fulfills the advantages of structured programming. DSSP programming language has similar syntax to the Forth programming language but has a different sequence of base instructions, especially conditional jump instructions. DSSP was developed by Nikolay Brusentsov and doctoral students in the 1980s at Moscow State University. A 32-bit version was implemented in 1989.

See also

• History of computing in the Soviet Union

References

1. Weatherby, Leif. "Hegel 2.0 | Leif Weatherby". cabinetmagazine.org.
2. "Глава 2. Киберразнообразие". DataArt IT Museum.
3. "The Setun Computer". December 29, 2014.
4. "ЭВМ Сетунь" [Setun computer]. Russian Virtual Computer Museum (in Russian). Retrieved September 20, 2016.
5. ^ Brousentsov, N. P.; Maslov, S. P.; Ramil Alvarez, J.; Zhogolev, E. A. "Development of ternary computers at Moscow State University". Russian Virtual Computer Museum. Retrieved January 19, 2015.

• Early computers
• Soviet computer systems
• Soviet inventions