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Boon language

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Endangered Cushitic language of Somalia
Boon
Af-Boon
Native toSomalia
RegionJilib, Middle Juba
Native speakers60 (2000)
Language familyAfro-Asiatic
Language codes
ISO 639-3bnl
Glottologboon1242
ELPBoon

Boon or Af-Boon is a nearly extinct Cushitic language spoken by 59 people (as of 2000) in Jilib District, Middle Jubba Region of southern Somalia. In recent decades they have shifted to the Maay dialect of Jilib. All speakers were reported in the 1980s to be older than 60. Their traditional occupations are as hunters, leatherworkers and, more recently, shoemakers.

Lamberti and following him Ethnologue and Glottolog leave the language unclassified within Eastern Cushitic. Blench (2006) leaves it as unclassified within Cushitic, as records are too fragmentary to allow more than that.

Unlike in the Somali languages, nouns and pronouns in Boon often end in vowels, e.g. afi 'mouth', hididi 'vein', illa 'eye', luki 'leg'; hebla 'he' (cf. standard Somali af, xidid, il, lug; hebel 'someone'). A number of words with no cognates in Somali but still in other Cushitic languages are noted by Lamberti:

  • bafee 'lungs' ~ Oromo bafeed 'to breathe' (contrast Somali sambab 'lung')
  • booGo 'jaw' ~ Oromo bookho (contrast Somali daan)
  • dhinne 'rib' ~ Oromo čʼinnač (contrast Somali feer)
  • helliiso 'liver' ~ Rendille xelesi (contrast Somali beer)

Some other words seem to be of unknown provenance:

  • dimbaaro 'lip'
  • dhuumma 'kidney'
  • figgilo 'fingernail'
  • gabo 'breast'
  • maaka 'knee'
  • muddur 'finger'
  • naaju 'man'
  • naata 'body, skin'
  • simbiino 'tear'

Notes

  1. ^ Boon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Lamberti 1984, p. 159.
  3. Lamberti 1984, p. 160.
  4. Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "Boon". Glottolog 4.3.
  5. Classification of Afroasiatic, ms.
  6. ^ Lamberti 1984, p. 161.

References

  • Lamberti, Marcello (1984). The Linguistic Situation in the Somali Democratic Republic. Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Somali Studies. Volume I. Linguistics and Literature. Hamburg: Helmut Buske. pp. 191–193.
Languages of Somalia
Official languages
Regional languages
Foreign languages
Sign languages
Cushitic languages
Central
North
East
East
Highland
Sidamoid
Hadiyyaic–Kambaataic
Hadiyyaic
Kambaataic
Gedeo–Sidama
Lowland
Omo–Tana
Arboroid
Somaloid
Rendille–Boni
Somali languages/language
Digil
Others
Oromoid
Oromo
Central–East
Central
Eastern
Konsoid
Bussa–Dirasha
Dullay
Saho–Afar
Others
North
South
Rift
East
West
North
Iraqwoid
Others
Italics indicate extinct languages


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