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Calamopleurus Temporal range: Late Hauterivian to Early Cenomanian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Calamopleurus cylindricus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Clade:	Halecomorphi
Order:	Amiiformes
Family:	Amiidae
Subfamily:	†Vidalamiinae
Genus:	†Calamopleurus Agassiz, 1841
Type species
Calamopleurus cylindricus Agassiz, 1841
Species
See text

Calamopleurus is a prehistoric genus of marine halecomorph ray-finned fish from the Early Cretaceous of South America and northern Africa. It was a relative of the modern bowfin, with both belonging to the family Amiidae.

It contains three species:

• †C. africanus Forey & Grande, 1998 - Late Albian/Early Cenomanian of Morocco and Algeria
• †C. cylindricus Agassiz, 1841 - Late Aptian/Early Albian of Brazil (Crato and Santana Formations)
• †C. mawsoni Woodward, 1902 - Late Hauterivian/Early Barremian of Brazil (Bahia Group)

It is thought to be the sister genus to Maliamia, the last surviving member of the vidalamiines, which is the largely marine amiid group that also contained Calamopleurus. Both are placed in the tribe Calamopleurini.

C. cylindricus was among the largest known amiids, rivaling the giant Paleocene bowfin Amia pattersoni in size. However, both were slightly smaller than Melvius and Amia basiloides, the two largest known amiids. It is one of the earliest known amiids to evolve a large body size.

References

1. ^ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-04-16.
2. Peter L. Forey & Lance Grande (1998). "An African twin to the Brazilian Calamopleurus (Actinopterygii: Amiidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 123 (2): 179–195. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb01299.x.
3. Brito, Paulo M.; Nava, William R.; Martinelli, Agustin G. (2017-09-01). "A New Fossil Amiidae (Holostei: Halecomorphi) from the Upper Cretaceous Adamantina Formation, Southeastern Brazil, with comments on western Gondwana amiids". Cretaceous Research. 77: 39–43. Bibcode:2017CrRes..77...39B. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2017.04.018. ISSN 0195-6671.
4. Benyoucef, Madani; Läng, Emilie; Cavin, Lionel; Mebarki, Kaddour; Adaci, Mohammed; Bensalah, Mustapha (2015). "Overabundance of piscivorous dinosaurs (Theropoda: Spinosauridae) in the mid-Cretaceous of North Africa: The Algerian dilemma". Cretaceous Research. 55: 44–55. Bibcode:2015CrRes..55...44B. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.02.002. ISSN 0195-6671.
5. Brownstein, Chase D.; Near, Thomas J. (2024). "A giant bowfin from a Paleocene hothouse ecosystem in North America". academic.oup.com. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae042/7659736. Retrieved 2024-04-30.

v t e Halecomorphi
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Subclass: Neopterygii Infraclass: Holostei Actinopterygii see Actinopterygii Neopterygii see Neopterygii Halecomorphi see below↓ Halecomorphi
Halecomorphi †Angolaichthys? †Cipactlichthys †Peia? †Promecosomina? †Prosantichthys †Parasemionotidae Albertonia Broughia Candelarialepis Devillersia Icarealcyon Jacobulus Jurongia Lehmanotus Lombardina? Ospia Parasemionotus Piveteaunotus Qingshania Stensionotus Suius Thomasinotus Watsonulus †Ionoscopiformes Ainia Allolepidotus? Altmuehlfuro Archaeosemionotus Asialepidotus? Brachyichthys Cerinichthys Elongofuro Eoeugnathus? Furo Gymnoichthys? Heterolepidotus Holzmadenfuro Italophiopsis Ohmdenfuro Oligopleurus? Ophiopsis Panxianichthys? Robustichthys? Sanctusichthys Schernfeldfuro Sinoeugnathus? Subortichthys Xingyia? Zandtfuro Ionoscopidae Ionoscopus Oshunia Quetzalichthys Spathiurus Ophiopsiellidae Congophiopsis Macrepistius Ophiopsiella Petalopteryx Placidichthys Teoichthys Amiiformes †Caturoidea Eurypoma Liodesmus Strobilodus Caturidae Amblysemius Caturus Catutoichthys Amioidea †Tomognathus †Sinamiidae Ikechaoamia Siamamia Sinamia Amiidae Amia †Amiopsis †Calamopleurus †Cratoamia †Cyclurus †Hispanamia †Maliamia †Melvius †Nipponamia †Pachyamia †Pseudamiatus †Solnhofenamia †Vidalamia

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• Amioidea
• Prehistoric ray-finned fish genera
• Cretaceous fish of Africa
• Early Cretaceous fish of South America
• Crato Formation
• Romualdo Formation
• Fossils of Morocco
• Fossils of Algeria
• Taxa named by Louis Agassiz
• Hauterivian genus first appearances
• Barremian genera
• Aptian genera
• Albian genera
• Cenomanian genus extinctions
• Fossil taxa described in 1841
• Ray-finned fish stubs