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Microprocessor designed by the Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies
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The Elbrus 2000 (or e2k ; Russian : Эльбрус 2000) is a Russian 512-bit wide VLIW microprocessor developed by Moscow Center of SPARC Technologies (MCST) and fabricated by TSMC .
It supports two instruction set architectures (ISA): Elbrus VLIW and Intel x86 (a complete, system-level implementation with a software dynamic binary translation virtual machine, similar to Transmeta Crusoe ).
Due to its unique architecture, the Elbrus 2000 can execute 20 instructions per clock , so even with its modest clock speed it can compete with much faster clocked superscalar microprocessors when running in native VLIW mode. For security reasons, the Elbrus 2000 architecture implements dynamic data type-checking during execution . In order to prevent unauthorized access, each pointer has additional type information that is verified when the associated data is accessed.
Supported operating systems
Natively, running directly on Elbrus ISA :
Via binary translation of x86 or x86-64 ISA:
Elbrus 2000 information
Produced
2005
Process
CMOS 0.13 μm
Clock rate
300 MHz
Peak performance
64 bit: 5.8 GIPS
32 bit: 9.5 GIPS
16 bit: 12.3 GIPS
8 bit: 22.6 GIPS
Data format
integer: 32, 64
float: 32, 64, 80
Cache
64 KB L1 instruction cache
64 KB L1 data cache
256 KB L2 cache
Data transfer rate
to cache: 9.6 GB/s
to main memory: 4.8 GB/s
Transistors
75.8 million
Connection layers
8
Packing / pins
HFCBGA / 900
Chip size
31×31×2.5 mm
Voltage
1.05 / 3.3 V
Power consumption
6 W
Comparative
Comparative table of technical characteristics Elbrus processors
Russian Designation
English Designation
e2k architecture
Cores
GHz
GFLOPS
NUMA
L2 (MB)
L3 (MB)
RAM
Graphics card
Int. Southbridge
Ext. Southbridge
Watts
TSMC Technical process(nm)
Year
Эльбрус
Elbrus
v1
1
0.300
2.4
No
¼
No
ext. counter
No
No
No
6
130
2007
Эльбрус-S
Elbrus-S
v2
1
0.500
4
4
2
No
3×DDR3-1600
No
No
KPI-1
13
90
2010
Эльбрус-2C+
Elbrus-2C+ v2
2
0.500
8
4
2
No
3×DDR3-1600
No
No
KPI-1
25
90
2012
Эльбрус-4С
Elbrus-4C
v3
4
0.800
25
4
8
No
3×DDR3-1600
No
No
KPI-1
45
65
2013
Эльбрус-1С+
Elbrus-1C+
v4
1
1.000
12
No
2
No
2×DDR3-1600
MGA2 + GC2500
No
KPI-2
10
40
2016
Эльбрус-8С
Elbrus-8S v4
8
1.300
125
4
4
16
4×DDR3-1600
No
No
KPI-2
80
28
2016
Эльбрус-1СК
Elbrus-1SK
v4
1
1.000
12
No
2
No
1×DDR3-1600
MGA2 + GC2500
KPI-2
No
20
40
2018
Эльбрус-8С1
Elbrus-8S1
v4
8
1.300
125
4
4
16
4×DDR3-1600
No
No
KPI-2
80
28
2018
Эльбрус-8СВ
Elbrus-8SV
v5
8
1.500
288
4
4
16
4×DDR4-2400
No
No
KPI-2
90
28
2018
Эльбрус-2С3
Elbrus-2S3
v6
2
2.000
96
No
4
No
2×DDR4-2400
MGA2.5 + GX6650
EIOH
KPI-2
10
16
2021
Эльбрус-12C
Elbrus-12S
v6
12
2.000
576
2
12
24
2×DDR4-2666
No
EIOH
KPI-2
100
16
2021
Эльбрус-16C
Elbrus-16S
v6
16
2.000
768
4
16
32
8×DDR4-2666
No
EIOH
KPI-2
120
16
2021
Эльбрус-32C
Elbrus-32S
v7
32
2.500
1500
4
?
?
6×DDR5
No
?
?
?
7
2025
Legend: Old model Current model Future model
Note: in the "Year" column the date of completion of the development work on the creation of the "microcircuit" is indicated. The appearance on the market of ready-made computing modules and machines takes at least 1 year, and multiprocessor systems and complex computing systems – at least 2 years.
Successors
References
"Elbrus Compilers" . elbrus2k.wikidot.com. Retrieved 3 January 2015."Elbrus E2K Speculations" . xbitlabs.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2015."Euro-Par 2000 Parallel Processing; 6th international Euro-Par Conference Munich, Germany, August/September 2000 Proceedings" . elbrus2k.wikidot.com . Retrieved 5 January 2015."The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has certified the latest real-time operating system "BagrOS-4000" for multi-core processors, developed by PJSC Sukhoi Company" . Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2023.{{cite web }}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link )
Embox, a real-time operating system for embedded systems
"Russian microprocessor firms to challenge Intel and AMD on domestic market" . rbth.co.uk. Retrieved 3 January 2015."МЦСТ готовит выпуск материнских плат на базе процессора Эльбрус-2СМ, произведенного на Микроне" . mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015."Микропроцессор Эльбрус-4С готов к серийному производству" . mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015."Новый 8-ядерный микропроцессор Эльбрус-8С" . mcst.ru. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
External links
Categories :
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