Fritz Leiber

(Redirected from Fritz Leiber Jr.) American fantasy, horror, and SF writer (1910–1992) This article is about the speculative fiction writer. For his father, see Fritz Leiber (actor).

Fritz Leiber
Leiber in 1977
Born	Fritz Reuter Leiber Jr. (1910-12-24)December 24, 1910 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Died	September 5, 1992(1992-09-05) (aged 81) San Francisco, California, U.S.
Occupation	Writer
Period	1934–1992
Genre	Fantasy, horror, science fiction
Notable works	Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser series, The Big Time
Spouse	Jonquil Stephens (m. 1936; died 1969) Margo Skinner (m. 1992)
Children	Justin Leiber
Parents	Fritz Leiber (father)

Fritz Reuter Leiber Jr. (/ˈlaɪbər/ LY-bər; December 24, 1910 – September 5, 1992) was an American writer of fantasy, horror, and science fiction. With writers such as Robert E. Howard and Michael Moorcock, Leiber is one of the fathers of sword and sorcery.

Life

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Fritz Leiber was born December 24, 1910, in Chicago, Illinois, to the actors Fritz Leiber and Virginia Bronson Leiber. For a time, he seemed inclined to follow in his parents' footsteps; the theater and actors feature in his fiction. He spent 1928 touring with his parents' Shakespeare company (Fritz Leiber & Co.) before entering the University of Chicago, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and received an undergraduate Ph.B. degree in psychology and physiology or biology with honors in 1932. From 1932 to 1933, he worked as a lay reader and studied as a candidate for the ministry, without taking a degree, at the General Theological Seminary in Chelsea, Manhattan, an affiliate of the Episcopal Church.

After pursuing graduate studies in philosophy at the University of Chicago from 1933 to 1934 and again not taking a degree, he remained in Chicago while touring under the stage name of "Francis Lathrop" intermittently with his parents' company and pursuing a literary career. Six short stories later included in the 2010 collection Strange Wonders: A Collection of Rare Fritz Leiber Works carry 1934 and 1935 dates. He also appeared alongside his father in uncredited parts in George Cukor's Camille (1936), James Whale's The Great Garrick (1937), and William Dieterle's The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939).

In 1936, he initiated a brief, intense correspondence with H. P. Lovecraft, who "encouraged and influenced literary development" before Lovecraft died in March 1937. Leiber introduced Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser in "Two Sought Adventure", his first professionally published short story in the August 1939 edition of Unknown, edited by John W. Campbell.

Leiber married Jonquil Stephens on January 16, 1936. Their only child, philosopher and science fiction writer Justin Leiber, was born in 1938. From 1937 to 1941, Fritz Leiber was employed by Consolidated Book Publishing as a staff writer for the Standard American Encyclopedia. In 1941, the family moved to California, where Leiber served as a speech and drama instructor at Occidental College during the 1941–1942 academic year.

Unable to conceal his disdain for academic politics as the United States entered World War II, he decided that the struggle against fascism mattered more than his long-held pacifist convictions. He accepted a position with Douglas Aircraft in quality inspection, primarily working on the C-47 Skytrain. Throughout the war, he continued to regularly publish fiction.

Thereafter, the family returned to Chicago, where Leiber served as associate editor of Science Digest from 1945 to 1956. During this decade (forestalled by a fallow interregnum from 1954 to 1956), his output (including the 1947 Arkham House anthology Night's Black Agents) was characterized by Poul Anderson as "a lot of the best science fiction and fantasy in the business". In 1958, the Leibers returned to Los Angeles. By then, he could afford to relinquish his journalistic career and support his family as a full-time fiction writer.

Jonquil's death in 1969 precipitated Leiber's permanent relocation to San Francisco and exacerbated his longstanding alcoholism after twelve years of fellowship in Alcoholics Anonymous. He gradually regained sobriety, an effort impeded by comorbid barbiturate abuse, over the next two decades. Perhaps as a result of his substance abuse, Leiber seems to have suffered periods of penury in the 1970s; Harlan Ellison wrote of his anger at finding that the much-awarded Leiber had to write his novels on a manual typewriter propped up over the sink in his apartment. Marc Laidlaw wrote that, when visiting Leiber as a fan in 1976, he "was shocked to find him occupying one small room of a seedy San Francisco residence hotel, its squalor relieved mainly by walls of books". Other reports suggest that Leiber preferred to live simply in the city, spending his money on dining, movies, and travel. In the last years of his life, royalty checks from TSR, Inc. (the makers of Dungeons & Dragons, who had licensed the mythos of the Fafhrd and Gray Mouser series) were enough in themselves to ensure that he lived comfortably. In 1977, he returned to his original form with a fantasy novel set in modern-day San Francisco, Our Lady of Darkness, which is about a writer of weird tales who must deal with the death of his wife and his recovery from alcoholism.

In 1992, the last year of his life, Leiber married his second wife, Margo Skinner, a journalist and poet with whom he had been friends for years. Leiber died a few weeks after a physical collapse while traveling from a science fiction convention in London, Ontario, with Skinner. His cause of death was a stroke.

He wrote a 100-page-plus memoir, Not Much Disorder and Not So Early Sex, which can be found in The Ghost Light (1984).

Leiber's own literary criticism, including several essays on Lovecraft, was collected in the volume Fafhrd and Me (1990).

Theater

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As the child of two Shakespearean actors, Leiber was fascinated with the stage, describing itinerant Shakespearean companies in stories like "No Great Magic" and "Four Ghosts in Hamlet", and creating an actor/producer protagonist for his novel A Specter is Haunting Texas.

Although his Change War novel, The Big Time, is about a war between two factions, the "Snakes" and the "Spiders", changing and rechanging history throughout the universe, all the action takes place in a small bubble of isolated space-time the size of a theatrical stage, and with only a handful of characters. Judith Merril (in the July 1969 issue of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction) remarks on Leiber's acting skills when the writer won a science fiction convention costume ball. Leiber's costume consisted of a cardboard military collar over turned-up jacket lapels, cardboard insignia, an armband, and a spider pencilled large in black on his forehead, thus turning him into an officer of the Spiders, one of the combatants in his Change War stories. "The only other component," Merril writes, "was the Leiber instinct for theatre."

Films

The similarity of the names of the father and the son caused some filmographies to incorrectly attribute to Fritz Jr. roles which were in fact played by his father, Fritz Leiber Sr., who was the evil Inquisitor in the Errol Flynn adventure film The Sea Hawk (1940) and had played in many other movies from 1917 to the late 1950s. It is the elder Leiber, not the younger, who appears in the Vincent Price vehicle The Web (1947) and in Charlie Chaplin's Monsieur Verdoux (1947).

The younger Leiber can be seen briefly as Valentin in the 1936 film version of Camille starring Greta Garbo. In the cult horror film Equinox (1970) directed by Dennis Muren and Jack Woods, Leiber has a cameo appearance as a geologist, Dr. Watermann. In the edited second version of the movie, Leiber has no spoken dialogue but appears in a few scenes. The original version of the movie has a longer appearance by Leiber recounting the ancient book and a brief speaking role; all were cut from the re-release.

He also appears as Chavez in the 1979 Schick Sunn Classics documentary The Bermuda Triangle, based on the book by Charles Berlitz.

Writing career

Leiber was heavily influenced by H. P. Lovecraft, Robert Graves, John Webster, and Shakespeare in the first two decades of his career. Beginning in the late 1950s, he was increasingly influenced by the works of Carl Jung, particularly by the concepts of the anima and the shadow. In the mid-1960s, he began incorporating elements of Joseph Campbell's The Hero with a Thousand Faces. These concepts are often mentioned in his stories, especially the anima, which becomes a method of exploring his fascination with, but estrangement from, the female.

Leiber liked cats, which are featured in many of his stories. Tigerishka, for example, is a cat-like alien who is sexually attractive to the human protagonist yet repelled by human customs in the novel The Wanderer. Leiber's "Gummitch" stories feature a kitten with an I.Q. of 160, just waiting for his ritual cup of coffee so that he can become human, too.

His first stories in the 1930s and 40s were inspired by Lovecraft's Cthulhu Mythos. A notable critic and historian of the wider Mythos, S. T. Joshi, has singled out Leiber's "The Sunken Land" (Unknown Worlds, February 1942) as the most accomplished of the early stories based on Lovecraft's Mythos. Leiber also later wrote several essays on Lovecraft the man, such as "A Literary Copernicus" (1949), the publication of which formed a key moment in the emergence of a serious critical appreciation of Lovecraft's life and work.

Leiber's first professional sale was "Two Sought Adventure" (Unknown, August 1939), which introduced his most famous characters, Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser. In 1943, his first two novels were serialized in Unknown (the supernatural horror-oriented Conjure Wife, inspired by his experiences on the faculty of Occidental College) and Astounding Science Fiction (Gather, Darkness).

1947 marked the publication of his first book, Night's Black Agents, a short story collection containing seven stories grouped as 'Modern Horrors', one as a 'Transition', and two grouped as 'Ancient Adventures': "The Sunken Land" and "Adept's Gambit", which are both stories of Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser.

The science fiction novel Gather, Darkness followed in 1950. It deals with a futuristic world that follows the Second Atomic Age which is ruled by scientists, until in the throes of a new Dark Age, the witches revolt.

In 1951, Leiber was Guest of Honor at the World Science Fiction Convention in New Orleans. Further novels followed during the 1950s, and in 1958 The Big Time won the Hugo Award for Best Novel.

Leiber continued to publish in the 1960s. His novel The Wanderer (1964) also won the Hugo for Best Novel. In the novel, an artificial planet nicknamed the Wanderer materializes from hyperspace within earth's orbit. The Wanderer's gravitational field captures the moon and shatters it into something like one of Saturn's rings. On Earth, the Wanderer's gravity well triggers earthquakes, tsunamis, and tidal phenomena. The multi-threaded plot follows the exploits of an ensemble cast as they struggle to survive the global disaster.

In the same period, Leiber published "Black Gondolier", a short story in which a protagonist uncovers a cosmic conspiracy in which oil from ancient fossils preys upon human beings and human civilizations. Leiber received the Hugo Award for Best Novella in 1970 and 1971 for "Ship of Shadows" (1969) and "Ill Met in Lankhmar" (1970). "Gonna Roll the Bones" (1967), his contribution to Harlan Ellison's Dangerous Visions anthology, won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette and the Nebula Award for Best Novelette in 1968.

Our Lady of Darkness (1977), originally serialized in short form in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction under the title "The Pale Brown Thing" (1977), featured cities as the breeding grounds for new types of elementals called paramentals, summonable by the dark art of megapolisomancy, with such activities centering on the Transamerica Pyramid. Its main characters include Franz Westen, Jaime Donaldus Byers, and the magician Thibault de Castries. Our Lady of Darkness won the World Fantasy Award—Novel.

Leiber also wrote the 1966 novelization of the Clair Huffaker screenplay of Tarzan and the Valley of Gold.

Many of Leiber's most acclaimed works are short stories, especially in the horror genre, including "The Smoke Ghost", "The Girl With the Hungry Eyes", and "You're All Alone" (later expanded as The Sinful Ones). Leiber also challenged the conventions of science fiction through reflexive narratives such as "A Bad Day For Sales" (first published in Galaxy Science Fiction, July 1953), in which the protagonist, Robie, "America’s only genuine mobile salesrobot", references the title character of Isaac Asimov's idealistic robot story, "Robbie". Questioning Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics, Leiber imagines the futility of automatons in a post-apocalyptic New York City. In his later years, Leiber returned to short story horror in such works as "Horrible Imaginings", "Black Has Its Charms" and the award-winning "The Button Moulder".

The short parallel worlds story "Catch That Zeppelin!" (1975) won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story and the Nebula Award for Best Short Story in 1976. It presents an alternate reality much better than our own, as opposed to the usual parallel universe story depicting a world worse than our own. "Belsen Express" (1975) won the World Fantasy Award—Short Fiction.

Leiber was named the second Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy by participants in the 1975 World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), after the posthumous inaugural award to J. R. R. Tolkien. Next year he won the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement. He was Guest of Honor at the 1979 Worldcon in Brighton, England (1979). The Science Fiction Writers of America made him its fifth SFWA Grand Master in 1981; the Horror Writers Association made him an inaugural winner of the Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1988 (named in 1987); and the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame inducted him in 2001, its sixth class of two deceased and two living writers.

Leiber was a founding member of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), a loose-knit group of Heroic fantasy authors founded in the 1960s and led by Lin Carter. Some works by SAGA members were published in Lin Carter's Flashing Swords! anthologies. Leiber himself is credited with inventing the term sword and sorcery for the particular subgenre of epic fantasy exemplified by his Fafhrd and Grey Mouser stories.

In an appreciation in the July 1969 "Special Fritz Leiber Issue" of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Judith Merril writes of Leiber's connection with his readers: "That this kind of personal response...is shared by thousands of other readers, has been made clear on several occasions." The November 1959 issue of Fantastic, for instance: Leiber had just come out of one of his recurrent dry spells, and editor Cele Lalli bought up all his new material until there was enough to fill an issue; the magazine came out with a big black headline across its cover — Leiber Is Back!

Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser

Main article: Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser

His legacy has been consolidated by his most famous creations, the Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser stories, written over a span of 50 years. The first, "Two Sought Adventure", appeared in Unknown, August 1939. The stories are about an unlikely pair of heroes found in and around the city of Lankhmar. Fafhrd was based on Leiber himself and the Mouser on his friend Harry Otto Fischer, and the two characters were created in a series of letters exchanged by the two in the mid-1930s. These stories were among the progenitors of many of the tropes of sword and sorcery.

Some Fafhrd and Mouser stories were recognized by annual genre awards: "Scylla's Daughter" (1961) was "Short Story" Hugo finalist, and "Ill Met in Lankhmar" (1970) won the "Best Novella" Hugo and Nebula Awards. Leiber's last major work, The Knight and Knave of Swords (1991), closed out the series while leaving room for possible sequels. In his last year, Leiber considered allowing other writers to continue the series, but his sudden death made this more difficult. One new Fafhrd and the Mouser novel, Swords Against the Shadowland, by Robin Wayne Bailey, appeared in 1998.

The stories influenced the shaping of sword and sorcery and other works. Joanna Russ' stories about thief-assassin Alyx (collected in 1976 in The Adventures of Alyx) were in part inspired by Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser, and Alyx made guest appearances in two of Leiber's stories. More recently, playing off the visit of Fafhrd and the Grey Mouser to our world in Adept's Gambit (set in second century B.C. Tyre), Steven Saylor's short story "Ill Seen in Tyre" takes his Roma Sub Rosa series hero Gordianus to the city of Tyre a hundred years later, where the two visitors from Nehwon are remembered as local legends.

Fischer and Leiber contributed to the original design of the 1976 wargame Lankhmar from TSR.

Selected works

Main article: Fritz Leiber bibliography

Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser series

Two Sought Adventure (1958). Collection of six short stories. Later expanded and retitled as Swords Against Death.
Swords and Deviltry (1970). Collection of 3 short stories.
Swords Against Death (1970). Collection of 10 short stories; an expanded edition of Two Sought Adventure
Swords in the Mist (1968). Collection of 6 short stories.
Swords Against Wizardry (1968). Collection of 4 short stories.
The Swords of Lankhmar (1968). Expanded from "Scylla's Daughter" in Fantastic, 1963.
Swords and Ice Magic (1977). Collection of 8 short stories. (Though see Rime Isle below.)
The Knight and Knave of Swords (1988). Collection of 4 short stories. Retitled Farewell to Lankhmar (2000, UK).
Ill Met In Lankhmar (Copyright 1970, published in book format 1996, The Science Fiction Collection Book Club.)

Novels and novellas

Conjure Wife (originally appeared in Unknown Worlds, April 1943) — This novel relates a college professor's discovery that his wife (and many other women) are regularly using magic against and for one another and their husbands.
Gather, Darkness! (serialized in Astounding, May, June, and July 1943) – a dystopian, satirical depiction of a future theocracy and the revolution that brings it down.
Destiny Times Three (1945, first in Astounding) (reprinted 1957 as Galaxy Novel number 28)
The Sinful Ones (1953), an adulterated version of You're All Alone (1950 Fantastic Adventures abridged); Leiber rewrote the inserted passages and saw published a revised edition in 1980.
The Green Millennium (1953)
The Night of the Long Knives (Amazing Science Fiction Stories, January 1960)
The Big Time (expanded 1961 from a version serialized in Galaxy, March and April 1958, which won a Hugo) — Change War series. Also available in Ship of Shadows (1979) – see Collections below.
The Silver Eggheads (1961; a shorter version was published in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction in 1959)
The Wanderer (1964)
Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (1966) (novelisation of a Clair Huffaker screenplay)
A Specter Is Haunting Texas (1969)
You're All Alone (1972) (the first book edition includes two shorter works as well, a revised version was issued as The Sinful Ones)
Our Lady of Darkness (1977) This novel, the title of which is drawn from Thomas de Quincey's Suspiria de Profundis, was published the same year as the release of Dario Argento's Suspiria, which referenced the same idea in de Quincey. It also makes fictional reference to fellow novelists Jack London, Clark Ashton Smith and H. P. Lovecraft and others.
Rime Isle (1977) (somewhere between a novella and a two-novelette collection, composed of "The Frost Monstreme" and "Rime Isle" offered as a unitary volume)
Ervool (Cheap Street, 1980—limited ed of 200 numbered copies). A standalone edition of a short story originally published in the 1940s fanzine The Acolyte.
The Dealings of Daniel Kesserich (1997) — H. P. Lovecraftian novella written in 1936 and lost for decades
Dark Ladies (NY: Tor Books, 1999). Omnibus edition of Conjure Wife and Our Lady of Darkness

Collections

Night's Black Agents (Arkham House, 1947). Reprinted by Berkley, 1978 with the addition of two stories – "The Girl With the Hungry Eyes" and "A Bit of the Dark World". The definitive hardcover edition is the Gregg Press (1980) edition, which adds a foreword by Richard Powers to the complete contents of the Berkley edition.
The Mind Spider and Other Stories (1961). Collection of 6 short stories.
Shadows With Eyes (1962). Collection of 6 short stories.
A Pail of Air (1964). Collection of 11 short stories.
Ships to the Stars (1964). Collection of 6 short stories.
The Night of the Wolf (1966). Collection of 4 short stories.
The Secret Songs (1968). Collection of 11 short stories.
Night Monsters (1969). Collection of 4 short stories. UK (1974) edition drops 1 story and adds 4.
The Best of Fritz Leiber (1974). Collection of 22 short stories. (Introduction by Poul Anderson, "The Wizard of Nehwon")
The Book of Fritz Leiber (1974). Collection of 10 stories and 9 articles.
The Second Book of Fritz Leiber (1975). Collection of 4 stories, 1 play, and 6 articles.
The Worlds of Fritz Leiber (Ace Books, 1976). Collection of 22 short stories including "Catch That Zeppelin!".
Bazaar of the Bizarre (1978)
Heroes and Horrors (1978). Collection of 9 stories.
Ship of Shadows (1979). Collection of 5 award-winning short stories
Changewar (1983). Collection of the Changewar short stories (7 stories).
The Ghost Light (1984). Collection of 9 stories with illustrations and an autobiographic essay with photographs.
The Leiber Chronicles (1990) Collection of 44 short stories.
Gummitch and Friends (1992). Leiber's cat stories, the first five of which feature Gummitch.
Ill Met in Lankhmar (White Wolf Publishing, 1995, ISBN 1-56504-926-8) combines Swords and Deviltry (1970) and Swords Against Death (1970).
Lean Times in Lankhmar (White Wolf Publishing, 1996, ISBN 1-56504-927-6) combines Swords in the Mist (1970) and Swords Against Wizardry (1970)
Return to Lankhmar (White Wolf Publishing, 1997, ISBN 1-56504-928-4) combines The Swords of Lankhmar (1968) and Swords and Ice Magic (1977)
Farewell to Lankhmar (White Wolf Publishing, 1999, ISBN 1-56504-897-0)
The Black Gondolier (2000) Collection of 18 short stories.
Smoke Ghost and Other Apparitions (2002) Collection of 18 short stories.
Day Dark, Night Bright (Collection of 20 short stories, 2002)
Horrible Imaginings (2004) Collection of 15 short stories.
Strange Wonders (Subterranean Press, 2010). Edited by Benjamin Szumskyj. Collection of 48 unpublished and uncollected works (drafts, fragments, poems, essays, and a play).
Fritz Leiber: Selected Stories (Night Shade Books, 2010). Edited by Jonathan Strahan and Charles N. Brown. Collection of 17 stories, with an introduction by Neil Gaiman.

Plays

Quicks Around the Zodiac: A Farce. (Newcastle, VA: Cheap Street, 1983). (Reprinted in Strange Wonders, 2010).

Essays

The Mystery of the Japanese Clock. A standalone essay on the workings of a digital Japanese clock. Montgolfier Press, 1982, with Introduction by his son Justin Leiber. (Reprinted in Strange Wonders, 2010).

Poetry

Demons of the Upper Air (Glendale, CA: Roy A. Squires, 1969).
Sonnets to Jonquil and All (Glendale, CA: Roy A. Squires, 1978).

Screen adaptations

Conjure Wife has been made into feature films four times under other titles:

Weird Woman (1944) starring Lon Chaney Jr. One of six Inner Sanctum mystery films made by Universal Studios based upon the old Inner Sanctum radio series.
Conjure Wife was also adapted for the 1960 TV series Moment of Fear (episode title "The Accomplice")
Night of the Eagle (also known as Burn, Witch, Burn!) (1962) (screenplay by Charles Beaumont, Richard Matheson and George Baxt, directed by Sidney Hayers, produced by Albert Fennell)
Witches' Brew (also known as Which Witch is Which?) (1980) Directed by Richard Shore and starring Teri Garr and Richard Benjamin.

"The Girl with the Hungry Eyes" was filmed under that title by Kastenbaum Films in 1995. (This film is not to be confused with the 1967 William Rotsler film The Girl with the Hungry Eyes which is entirely unrelated to Leiber's story).

Two Leiber stories were filmed for TV for Rod Serling's Night Gallery. These were "The Girl with the Hungry Eyes" (1970) (adapted by Robert M. Young and directed by John Badham) and "The Dead Man" (adapted and directed by Douglas Heyes).

Notes

^ Strange Wonders, pp. 173–99. ISFDB which reports that "Riches and Power" appeared in "The Churchman", December 1, 1934, and provides no such data for five with 1935 dates.

References

user14111 (November 4, 2021). "How to pronounce Fritz Leiber's name?". Science Fiction & Fantasy Stack Exchange. Archived from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
"Fritz Leiber Papers, 1930-1996 | University of Houston Libraries". archon.lib.uh.edu. Archived from the original on March 6, 2018. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
Schweitzer, D. (1988). Discovering Modern Horror Fiction II. Wildside Press. p. 18. ISBN 9781587150081. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
"American Science Fiction, Classic Novels of the 1950s". sciencefiction.loa.org. Archived from the original on October 24, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
^ Anderson, Poul (1974), "The Wizard of Nehwon", The Best of Fritz Leiber, NY: Doubleday, pp. vii–xv.
Leiber, F.; Straight, K. (2012). Snakes & Spiders: The Definitive Change War Collection. Creative Minority Productions. ISBN 9781944327033. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
Laidlaw, Marc, "On Our Lady of Darkness," in the anthology Horror: Another 100 Best Books, edited by Stephen Jones and Kim Newman, Carroll & Graf, 2005.
Leiber, F.; Straight, K. (2012). Snakes & Spiders: The Definitive Change War Collection. Creative Minority Productions. ISBN 9781944327033. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
"Fritz Leiber Jr. Dead; A Fantasy Novelist, 81". The New York Times. September 11, 1992. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
Leiber, Fritz (1984). The Ghost Light. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 978-0-425-06812-0.
Leiber, Fritz (1990). Fafhrd and Me. Newark NJ: Wildside Press.
Clements, Nicholaus. "Lovecraft and the Early Leiber". Lovecraft Studies (41): 23–24. ISSN 0899-8361.
Szumskyj, Benjamin (2008). Fritz Leiber, Critical Essays. MacFarland & Co. ISBN 978-0-7864-2972-1.
"Old Masters of Horror: Fritz Leiber". Hellnotes.com. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
S. T. Joshi, "Cthulhu's Empire: H. P. Lovecraft's Influence on His Contemporaries and Successors", Critical Insights: Pulp Fiction of the 1920s and 1930s, Salem Press, 2013.
Leiber, Fritz (2001). "A Literary Copernicus". In Schweitzer, Darrell (ed.). Discovering H. P. Lovecraft. Borgo Press. pp. 7–16. ISBN 978-1-58715-471-3.
Reprinted and discussed in Fritz Leiber and H. P. Lovecraft, Writers of the Dark (Rockville MD: Wildside Press, 2005). ISBN 9780809500772
Ellison, Harlan (1967). Dangerous Visions - Introduction to: Gonna Roll the Bones. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0-425-06176-0.
^ "Leiber, Fritz" Archived October 16, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index to Literary Nominees. Locus Publications. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
Thacker, Eugene. "Black Infinity, or Oil Discovers Humans Archived November 1, 2020, at the Wayback Machine." Pages Magazine (October 23, 2013).
Bill and Sue-On Hillman. "ERBzine 0210: Tarzan and the Valley of Gold ~ ERB C.H.A.S.E.R". Erbzine.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2013.
Leiber, Fritz. "A Bad Day For Sales". Sense of Wonder: A Century of Science Fiction. Ed. 1. Leigh Ronald Grossman. Wildside Press, 2011. 422. Print.
Grossman, Leigh R. Ed. Sense of Wonder: A Century of Science Fiction. 1. Wildside Press, 2011. 421. Print.
Ramsey Campbell Archived February 4, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
"Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master" Archived July 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Retrieved April 1, 2013.
"Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement" Archived May 9, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Horror Writers Association (HWA). Retrieved April 6, 2013.
"Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame" Archived May 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Mid American Science Fiction and Fantasy Conventions, Inc. Retrieved April 1, 2013. This was the official website of the hall of fame to 2004.
Science Fictions & Fantasy Writers of America, Inc. SFWA®. "Fritz Leiber". Nebula Awards. Archived from the original on January 20, 2022. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
Edwards, Malcolm; Clute, John. "Leiber, Fritz". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
Saylor, Steven, "Ill Seen in Tyre", in the anthology Rogues, edited by Gardner Dozois and George R.R. Martin, Bantam, 2014.
Shannon Appelcline (2011). Designers & Dragons. Mongoose Publishing. p. 9. ISBN 978-1-907702-58-7.
Victor Gollancz Dust Jacket bio.

External links

Works by Fritz Leiber in eBook form at Standard Ebooks
Works by Fritz Leiber at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Fritz Leiber at the Internet Archive
Works by Fritz Leiber at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
"Fritz Leiber biography". Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame.
Fritz Leiber at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
Fritz Leiber at IMDb
Fritz Leiber at the Internet Book List
Lankhmar The Fritz Leiber Home Page

v t e Fritz Leiber
Novels	Conjure Wife (1943) Destiny Times Three (1945) The Big Time (1961) The Wanderer (1964) Tarzan and the Valley of Gold (1966) A Specter Is Haunting Texas (1969) Our Lady of Darkness (1977)
Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser	Two Sought Adventure (1957) Swords and Deviltry (1970) Swords Against Death (1970) Swords in the Mist (1968) Swords Against Wizardry (1968) The Swords of Lankhmar (1968) Swords and Ice Magic (1977) Bazaar of the Bizarre (1978) The Knight and Knave of Swords (1988) Swords Against the Shadowland (Robin Wayne Bailey) (1998)
Short story collections	Night's Black Agents (1947) The Best of Fritz Leiber (1974) The Book of Fritz Leiber (1974) The Second Book of Fritz Leiber (1975) Heroes and Horrors (1978)
Short stories	"Coming Attraction" (1950) "A Pail of Air" (1951) "The Moon is Green" (1952) "The Unholy Grail" (1962) "Bazaar of the Bizarre" (1963) "To Arkham and the Stars" (1966) "Gonna Roll the Bones" (1967) "Ill Met in Lankhmar" (1970) "The Snow Women" (1970) "Midnight by the Morphy Watch" (1974) "Belsen Express" (1975) "Catch That Zeppelin!" (1975) "The Terror from the Depths" (1976)
Adaptations	Weird Woman (1944) Night of the Eagle (1962) Witches' Brew (1980) The Girl with the Hungry Eyes (1995)
Other items	Bibliography Fritz Leiber, Sr. (father)

v t e Cthulhu Mythos
Writers	H. P. Lovecraft Robert Bloch Clark Ashton Smith Robert E. Howard Frank Belknap Long August Derleth Fritz Leiber Stephen King
Deities	Azathoth Cthulhu Hastur Nyarlathotep Shub-Niggurath Tsathoggua
Species	Deep Ones Elder Things Hounds of Tindalos Mi-Go Serpent Men Shoggoth
Related	Aklo Dream Cycle Alan Moore's The Courtyard Neonomicon Providence
Lists	Anthologies Books Characters Works influenced by the Cthulhu Mythos

v t e Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement
Fritz Leiber / Frank Belknap Long / Clifford D. Simak (1987) Ray Bradbury / Ronald Chetwynd-Hayes (1988) Robert Bloch (1989) Hugh B. Cave / Richard Matheson (1990) Gahan Wilson (1991) Ray Russell (1992) Joyce Carol Oates (1993) Christopher Lee (1994) Harlan Ellison (1995) Ira Levin / Forrest J Ackerman (1996) William Peter Blatty / Jack Williamson (1997) Ramsey Campbell / Roger Corman (1998) Edward Gorey / Charles L. Grant (1999) Nigel Kneale (2000) John Farris (2001) Stephen King / J. N. Williamson (2002) Martin H. Greenberg / Anne Rice (2003) Michael Moorcock (2004) Peter Straub (2005) Thomas Harris (2006) John Carpenter / Robert Weinberg (2007) F. Paul Wilson / Chelsea Quinn Yarbro (2008) Brian Lumley / William F. Nolan (2009) Ellen Datlow / Al Feldstein (2010) Rick Hautala / Joe R. Lansdale (2011) Clive Barker / Robert McCammon (2012) R. L. Stine / Stephen Jones (2013) Jack Ketchum / Tanith Lee (2014) Alan Moore / George A. Romero (2015) Dennis Etchison / Thomas F. Monteleone (2016) Linda Addison (2017) Graham Masterton (2018) Owl Goingback / Thomas Ligotti (2019) Carol J. Clover / Jewelle Gomez / Marge Simon (2020) Jo Fletcher / Nancy Holder / Koji Suzuki (2021)

Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement

Fritz Leiber / Frank Belknap Long / Clifford D. Simak (1987)
Ray Bradbury / Ronald Chetwynd-Hayes (1988)
Robert Bloch (1989)
Hugh B. Cave / Richard Matheson (1990)
Gahan Wilson (1991)
Ray Russell (1992)
Joyce Carol Oates (1993)
Christopher Lee (1994)
Harlan Ellison (1995)
Ira Levin / Forrest J Ackerman (1996)
William Peter Blatty / Jack Williamson (1997)
Ramsey Campbell / Roger Corman (1998)
Edward Gorey / Charles L. Grant (1999)
Nigel Kneale (2000)
John Farris (2001)
Stephen King / J. N. Williamson (2002)
Martin H. Greenberg / Anne Rice (2003)
Michael Moorcock (2004)
Peter Straub (2005)
Thomas Harris (2006)
John Carpenter / Robert Weinberg (2007)
F. Paul Wilson / Chelsea Quinn Yarbro (2008)
Brian Lumley / William F. Nolan (2009)
Ellen Datlow / Al Feldstein (2010)
Rick Hautala / Joe R. Lansdale (2011)
Clive Barker / Robert McCammon (2012)
R. L. Stine / Stephen Jones (2013)
Jack Ketchum / Tanith Lee (2014)
Alan Moore / George A. Romero (2015)
Dennis Etchison / Thomas F. Monteleone (2016)
Linda Addison (2017)
Graham Masterton (2018)
Owl Goingback / Thomas Ligotti (2019)
Carol J. Clover / Jewelle Gomez / Marge Simon (2020)
Jo Fletcher / Nancy Holder / Koji Suzuki (2021)

v t e Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Awards (SFWA Grand Masters)
1975–1999	Robert A. Heinlein (1975) Jack Williamson (1976) Clifford D. Simak (1977) L. Sprague de Camp (1979) Fritz Leiber (1981) Andre Norton (1984) Arthur C. Clarke (1986) Isaac Asimov (1987) Alfred Bester (1988) Ray Bradbury (1989) Lester del Rey (1991) Frederik Pohl (1993) Damon Knight (1995) A. E. van Vogt (1996) Jack Vance (1997) Poul Anderson (1998) Hal Clement (1999)
2000–present	Brian Aldiss (2000) Philip José Farmer (2001) Ursula K. Le Guin (2003) Robert Silverberg (2004) Anne McCaffrey (2005) Harlan Ellison (2006) James Gunn (2007) Michael Moorcock (2008) Harry Harrison (2009) Joe Haldeman (2010) Connie Willis (2012) Gene Wolfe (2013) Samuel R. Delany (2014) Larry Niven (2015) C. J. Cherryh (2016) Jane Yolen (2017) Peter S. Beagle (2018) William Gibson (2019) Lois McMaster Bujold (2020) Nalo Hopkinson (2021) Mercedes Lackey (2022) Robin McKinley (2023)

Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Awards (SFWA Grand Masters)

1975–1999

2000–present

v t e World Fantasy Award—Short Fiction
1975–2000	"Pages from a Young Girl's Journal" by Robert Aickman (1975) "Belsen Express" by Fritz Leiber (1976) "There's a Long, Long Trail A-Winding" by Russell Kirk (1977) "The Chimney" by Ramsey Campbell (1978) "Naples" by Avram Davidson (1979) "Mackintosh Willy" by Ramsey Campbell (1980, tie) "The Woman Who Loved the Moon" by Elizabeth A. Lynn (1980, tie) "The Ugly Chickens" by Howard Waldrop (1981) "The Dark Country" by Dennis Etchison (1982, tie) "Do the Dead Sing?" by Stephen King (1982, tie) "The Gorgon" by Tanith Lee (1983) "Elle Est Trois, (La Mort)" by Tanith Lee (1984) "The Bones Wizard" by Alan Ryan (1985, tie) "Still Life with Scorpion" by Scott Baker (1985, tie) "Paper Dragons" by James Blaylock (1986) "Red Light" by David J. Schow (1987) "Friend's Best Man" by Jonathan Carroll (1988) "Winter Solstice, Camelot Station" by John M. Ford (1989) "The Illusionist" by Steven Millhauser (1990) "A Midsummer Night's Dream" by Neil Gaiman and Charles Vess (1991) "The Somewhere Doors" by Fred Chappell (1992) "Graves" by Joe Haldeman (1993, tie) "This Year's Class Picture" by Dan Simmons (1993, tie) "The Lodger" by Fred Chappell (1994) "The Man in the Black Suit" by Stephen King (1995) "The Grass Princess" by Gwyneth Jones (1996) "Thirteen Phantasms" by James Blaylock (1997) "Dust Motes" by P. D. Cacek (1998) "The Specialist's Hat" by Kelly Link (1999) "The Chop Girl" by Ian R. MacLeod (2000)
2001–present	"The Pottawatomie Giant" by Andy Duncan (2001) "Queen for a Day" by Albert E. Cowdrey (2002) "Creation" by Jeffrey Ford (2003) "Don Ysidro" by Bruce Holland Rogers (2004) "Singing My Sister Down" by Margo Lanagan (2005) "CommComm" by George Saunders (2006) "Journey Into the Kingdom" by M. Rickert (2007) "Singing of Mount Abora" by Theodora Goss (2008) "26 Monkeys, Also the Abyss" by Kij Johnson (2009) "The Pelican Bar" by Karen Joy Fowler (2010) "Fossil-Figures" by Joyce Carol Oates (2011) "The Paper Menagerie" by Ken Liu (2012) "The Telling" by Gregory Norman Bossert (2013) "The Prayer of Ninety Cats" by Caitlín R. Kiernan (2014) "Do You Like to Look at Monsters?" by Scott Nicolay (2015) "Hungry Daughters of Starving Mothers" by Alyssa Wong (2016) "Das Steingeschöpf" by G. V. Anderson (2017) "The Birding: A Fairy Tale" by Natalia Theodoridou (2018) "Like a River Loves the Sky" by Emma Törzs / "Ten Deals with the Indigo Snake" by Mel Kassel (2019) "Read After Burning" by Maria Dahvana Headley (2020) "Glass Bottle Dancer" by Celeste Rita Baker (2021) "(emet)" by Lauren Ring (2022)

World Fantasy Award—Short Fiction

1975–2000

"Pages from a Young Girl's Journal" by Robert Aickman (1975)
"Belsen Express" by Fritz Leiber (1976)
"There's a Long, Long Trail A-Winding" by Russell Kirk (1977)
"The Chimney" by Ramsey Campbell (1978)
"Naples" by Avram Davidson (1979)
"Mackintosh Willy" by Ramsey Campbell (1980, tie)
"The Woman Who Loved the Moon" by Elizabeth A. Lynn (1980, tie)
"The Ugly Chickens" by Howard Waldrop (1981)
"The Dark Country" by Dennis Etchison (1982, tie)
"Do the Dead Sing?" by Stephen King (1982, tie)
"The Gorgon" by Tanith Lee (1983)
"Elle Est Trois, (La Mort)" by Tanith Lee (1984)
"The Bones Wizard" by Alan Ryan (1985, tie)
"Still Life with Scorpion" by Scott Baker (1985, tie)
"Paper Dragons" by James Blaylock (1986)
"Red Light" by David J. Schow (1987)
"Friend's Best Man" by Jonathan Carroll (1988)
"Winter Solstice, Camelot Station" by John M. Ford (1989)
"The Illusionist" by Steven Millhauser (1990)
"A Midsummer Night's Dream" by Neil Gaiman and Charles Vess (1991)
"The Somewhere Doors" by Fred Chappell (1992)
"Graves" by Joe Haldeman (1993, tie)
"This Year's Class Picture" by Dan Simmons (1993, tie)
"The Lodger" by Fred Chappell (1994)
"The Man in the Black Suit" by Stephen King (1995)
"The Grass Princess" by Gwyneth Jones (1996)
"Thirteen Phantasms" by James Blaylock (1997)
"Dust Motes" by P. D. Cacek (1998)
"The Specialist's Hat" by Kelly Link (1999)
"The Chop Girl" by Ian R. MacLeod (2000)

2001–present

"The Pottawatomie Giant" by Andy Duncan (2001)
"Queen for a Day" by Albert E. Cowdrey (2002)
"Creation" by Jeffrey Ford (2003)
"Don Ysidro" by Bruce Holland Rogers (2004)
"Singing My Sister Down" by Margo Lanagan (2005)
"CommComm" by George Saunders (2006)
"Journey Into the Kingdom" by M. Rickert (2007)
"Singing of Mount Abora" by Theodora Goss (2008)
"26 Monkeys, Also the Abyss" by Kij Johnson (2009)
"The Pelican Bar" by Karen Joy Fowler (2010)
"Fossil-Figures" by Joyce Carol Oates (2011)
"The Paper Menagerie" by Ken Liu (2012)
"The Telling" by Gregory Norman Bossert (2013)
"The Prayer of Ninety Cats" by Caitlín R. Kiernan (2014)
"Do You Like to Look at Monsters?" by Scott Nicolay (2015)
"Hungry Daughters of Starving Mothers" by Alyssa Wong (2016)
"Das Steingeschöpf" by G. V. Anderson (2017)
"The Birding: A Fairy Tale" by Natalia Theodoridou (2018)
"Like a River Loves the Sky" by Emma Törzs / "Ten Deals with the Indigo Snake" by Mel Kassel (2019)
"Read After Burning" by Maria Dahvana Headley (2020)
"Glass Bottle Dancer" by Celeste Rita Baker (2021)
"(emet)" by Lauren Ring (2022)

v t e World Fantasy Award—Life Achievement
Robert Bloch (1975) Fritz Leiber (1976) Ray Bradbury (1977) Frank Belknap Long (1978) Jorge Luis Borges (1979) Manly Wade Wellman (1980) C. L. Moore (1981) Italo Calvino (1982) Roald Dahl (1983) L. Sprague de Camp / Richard Matheson / E. Hoffmann Price / Jack Vance / Donald Wandrei (1984) Theodore Sturgeon (1985) Avram Davidson (1986) Jack Finney (1987) Everett F. Bleiler (1988) Evangeline Walton (1989) R. A. Lafferty (1990) Ray Russell (1991) Edd Cartier (1992) Harlan Ellison (1993) Jack Williamson (1994) Ursula K. Le Guin (1995) Gene Wolfe (1996) Madeleine L'Engle (1997) Edward L. Ferman / Andre Norton (1998) Hugh B. Cave (1999) Marion Zimmer Bradley / Michael Moorcock (2000) Frank Frazetta / Philip José Farmer (2001) Forrest J Ackerman / George H. Scithers (2002) Lloyd Alexander / Donald M. Grant (2003) Stephen King / Gahan Wilson (2004) Tom Doherty / Carol Emshwiller (2005) John Crowley / Stephen Fabian (2006) Betty Ballantine / Diana Wynne Jones (2007) Leo and Diane Dillon / Patricia A. McKillip (2008) Ellen Asher / Jane Yolen (2009) Brian Lumley / Terry Pratchett / Peter Straub (2010) Peter S. Beagle / Angélica Gorodischer (2011) Alan Garner / George R. R. Martin (2012) Susan Cooper / Tanith Lee (2013) Ellen Datlow / Chelsea Quinn Yarbro (2014) Ramsey Campbell / Sheri S. Tepper (2015) David G. Hartwell / Andrzej Sapkowski (2016) Terry Brooks / Marina Warner (2017) Charles de Lint / Elizabeth Wollheim (2018) Hayao Miyazaki / Jack Zipes (2019) Karen Joy Fowler / Rowena Morrill (2020) Megan Lindholm / Howard Waldrop (2021) Samuel R. Delany / Terri Windling (2022) Peter Crowther / John Douglas (2023)

World Fantasy Award—Life Achievement

Robert Bloch (1975)
Fritz Leiber (1976)
Ray Bradbury (1977)
Frank Belknap Long (1978)
Jorge Luis Borges (1979)
Manly Wade Wellman (1980)
C. L. Moore (1981)
Italo Calvino (1982)
Roald Dahl (1983)
L. Sprague de Camp / Richard Matheson / E. Hoffmann Price / Jack Vance / Donald Wandrei (1984)
Theodore Sturgeon (1985)
Avram Davidson (1986)
Jack Finney (1987)
Everett F. Bleiler (1988)
Evangeline Walton (1989)
R. A. Lafferty (1990)
Ray Russell (1991)
Edd Cartier (1992)
Harlan Ellison (1993)
Jack Williamson (1994)
Ursula K. Le Guin (1995)
Gene Wolfe (1996)
Madeleine L'Engle (1997)
Edward L. Ferman / Andre Norton (1998)
Hugh B. Cave (1999)
Marion Zimmer Bradley / Michael Moorcock (2000)
Frank Frazetta / Philip José Farmer (2001)
Forrest J Ackerman / George H. Scithers (2002)
Lloyd Alexander / Donald M. Grant (2003)
Stephen King / Gahan Wilson (2004)
Tom Doherty / Carol Emshwiller (2005)
John Crowley / Stephen Fabian (2006)
Betty Ballantine / Diana Wynne Jones (2007)
Leo and Diane Dillon / Patricia A. McKillip (2008)
Ellen Asher / Jane Yolen (2009)
Brian Lumley / Terry Pratchett / Peter Straub (2010)
Peter S. Beagle / Angélica Gorodischer (2011)
Alan Garner / George R. R. Martin (2012)
Susan Cooper / Tanith Lee (2013)
Ellen Datlow / Chelsea Quinn Yarbro (2014)
Ramsey Campbell / Sheri S. Tepper (2015)
David G. Hartwell / Andrzej Sapkowski (2016)
Terry Brooks / Marina Warner (2017)
Charles de Lint / Elizabeth Wollheim (2018)
Hayao Miyazaki / Jack Zipes (2019)
Karen Joy Fowler / Rowena Morrill (2020)
Megan Lindholm / Howard Waldrop (2021)
Samuel R. Delany / Terri Windling (2022)
Peter Crowther / John Douglas (2023)

v t e Hugo Award for Best Novella
Retro Hugos	Who Goes There? by Don A. Stuart (1939) "If This Goes On—" by Robert A. Heinlein (1941) Waldo by Robert A. Heinlein (1943) The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (1944) Killdozer! by Theodore Sturgeon (1945) Animal Farm by George Orwell (1946) The Man Who Sold the Moon by Robert A. Heinlein (1951) A Case of Conscience by James Blish (1954)
1968–1980	Riders of the Purple Wage by Philip José Farmer / Weyr Search by Anne McCaffrey (1968) Nightwings by Robert Silverberg (1969) Ship of Shadows by Fritz Leiber (1970) Ill Met in Lankhmar by Fritz Leiber (1971) The Queen of Air and Darkness by Poul Anderson (1972) The Word for World Is Forest by Ursula K. Le Guin (1973) The Girl Who Was Plugged In by James Tiptree Jr. (1974) A Song for Lya by George R. R. Martin (1975) Home Is the Hangman by Roger Zelazny (1976) By Any Other Name by Spider Robinson / Houston, Houston, Do You Read? by James Tiptree Jr. (1977) Stardance by Spider Robinson and Jeanne Robinson (1978) The Persistence of Vision by John Varley (1979) Enemy Mine by Barry B. Longyear (1980)
1981–1990	Lost Dorsai by Gordon R. Dickson (1981) The Saturn Game by Poul Anderson (1982) Souls by Joanna Russ (1983) Cascade Point by Timothy Zahn (1984) Press Enter by John Varley (1985) 24 Views of Mt. Fuji, by Hokusai by Roger Zelazny (1986) Gilgamesh in the Outback by Robert Silverberg (1987) Eye for Eye by Orson Scott Card (1988) The Last of the Winnebagos by Connie Willis (1989) The Mountains of Mourning by Lois McMaster Bujold (1990)
1991–2000	The Hemingway Hoax by Joe Haldeman (1991) Beggars in Spain by Nancy Kress (1992) Barnacle Bill the Spacer by Lucius Shepard (1993) Down in the Bottomlands by Harry Turtledove (1994) Seven Views of Olduvai Gorge by Mike Resnick (1995) The Death of Captain Future by Allen Steele (1996) Blood of the Dragon by George R. R. Martin (1997) ...Where Angels Fear to Tread by Allen Steele (1998) Oceanic by Greg Egan (1999) The Winds of Marble Arch by Connie Willis (2000)
2001–2010	The Ultimate Earth by Jack Williamson (2001) Fast Times at Fairmont High by Vernor Vinge (2002) Coraline by Neil Gaiman (2003) The Cookie Monster by Vernor Vinge (2004) The Concrete Jungle by Charles Stross (2005) Inside Job by Connie Willis (2006) A Billion Eves by Robert Reed (2007) All Seated on the Ground by Connie Willis (2008) The Erdmann Nexus by Nancy Kress (2009) Palimpsest by Charles Stross (2010)
2011–2020	The Lifecycle of Software Objects by Ted Chiang (2011) The Man Who Bridged the Mist by Kij Johnson (2012) The Emperor's Soul by Brandon Sanderson (2013) Equoid by Charles Stross (2014) (No award given) (2015) Binti by Nnedi Okorafor (2016) Every Heart a Doorway by Seanan McGuire (2017) All Systems Red by Martha Wells (2018) Artificial Condition by Martha Wells (2019) This Is How You Lose the Time War by Amal El-Mohtar and Max Gladstone (2020)
2021–present	The Empress of Salt and Fortune by Nghi Vo (2021) A Psalm for the Wild-Built by Becky Chambers (2022) Where the Drowned Girls Go by Seanan McGuire (2023) Thornhedge by T. Kingfisher (2024)

v t e Hugo Award for Best Novelette
Retro Hugos	"Rule 18" by Clifford D. Simak (1939) "The Roads Must Roll" by Robert A. Heinlein (1941) "Foundation" by Isaac Asimov (1943) "Mimsy Were the Borogoves" by Lewis Padgett (1944) "First Contact" by Murray Leinster (1946) "The Little Black Bag" by Cyril M. Kornbluth (1951) "Earthman, Come Home" by James Blish (1954)
1955–1960	"The Darfsteller" by Walter M. Miller Jr. (1955) "Exploration Team" by Murray Leinster (1956) "The Big Time" by Fritz Leiber (1958) "The Big Front Yard" by Clifford D. Simak (1959)
1967–1980	"The Last Castle" by Jack Vance (1967) "Gonna Roll the Bones" by Fritz Leiber (1968) "The Sharing of Flesh" by Poul Anderson (1969) "Goat Song" by Poul Anderson (1973) "The Deathbird" by Harlan Ellison (1974) "Adrift Just Off the Islets of Langerhans: Latitude 38° 54' N, Longitude 77° 00' 13" W" by Harlan Ellison (1975) "The Borderland of Sol" by Larry Niven (1976) "The Bicentennial Man" by Isaac Asimov (1977) "Eyes of Amber" by Joan D. Vinge (1978) "Hunter's Moon" by Poul Anderson (1979) "Sandkings" by George R. R. Martin (1980)
1981–1990	"The Cloak and the Staff" by Gordon R. Dickson (1981) "Unicorn Variation" by Roger Zelazny (1982) "Fire Watch" by Connie Willis (1983) "Blood Music" by Greg Bear (1984) "Bloodchild" by Octavia E. Butler (1985) "Paladin of the Lost Hour" by Harlan Ellison (1986) "Permafrost" by Roger Zelazny (1987) "Buffalo Gals, Won't You Come Out Tonight" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1988) "Schrödinger's Kitten" by George Alec Effinger (1989) "Enter a Soldier. Later: Enter Another" by Robert Silverberg (1990)
1991–2000	"The Manamouki" by Mike Resnick (1991) "Gold" by Isaac Asimov (1992) "The Nutcracker Coup" by Janet Kagan (1993) "Georgia on My Mind" by Charles Sheffield (1994) "The Martian Child" by David Gerrold (1995) "Think Like a Dinosaur" by James Patrick Kelly (1996) "Bicycle Repairman" by Bruce Sterling (1997) "We Will Drink a Fish Together..." by Bill Johnson (1998) "Taklamakan" by Bruce Sterling (1999) "10 to 1" by James Patrick Kelly (2000)
2001–2010	"Millennium Babies" by Kristine Kathryn Rusch (2001) "Hell Is the Absence of God" by Ted Chiang (2002) "Slow Life" by Michael Swanwick (2003) "Legions in Time" by Michael Swanwick (2004) "The Faery Handbag" by Kelly Link (2005) "Two Hearts" by Peter S. Beagle (2006) "The Djinn's Wife" by Ian McDonald (2007) "The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate" by Ted Chiang (2008) "Shoggoths in Bloom" by Elizabeth Bear (2009) "The Island" by Peter Watts (2010)
2011–2020	"The Emperor of Mars" by Allen Steele (2011) "Six Months, Three Days" by Charlie Jane Anders (2012) "The Girl-Thing Who Went Out for Sushi" by Pat Cadigan (2013) "The Lady Astronaut of Mars", by Mary Robinette Kowal (2014) "The Day the World Turned Upside Down" by Thomas Olde Heuvelt, translated by Lia Belt (2015) "Folding Beijing" by Hao Jingfang (2016) "The Tomato Thief" by Ursula Vernon (2017) "The Secret Life of Bots" by Suzanne Palmer (2018) "If at First You Don't Succeed, Try, Try Again" by Zen Cho (2019) "Emergency Skin" by N. K. Jemisin (2020)
2021–present	"Two Truths and a Lie" by Sarah Pinsker (2021) "Bots of the Lost Ark" by Suzanne Palmer (2022) "The Space-Time Painter" by Hai Ya (2023) "The Year Without Sunshine" by Naomi Kritzer (2024)

v t e Hugo Award for Best Short Story (1961–1980)
"The Longest Voyage" by Poul Anderson (1961) "Hothouse" by Brian W. Aldiss (1962) "The Dragon Masters" by Jack Vance (1963) "No Truce with Kings" by Poul Anderson (1964) "Soldier, Ask Not" by Gordon R. Dickson (1965) ""Repent, Harlequin!" Said the Ticktockman" by Harlan Ellison (1966) "Neutron Star" by Larry Niven (1967) "I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream" by Harlan Ellison (1968) "The Beast that Shouted Love at the Heart of the World" by Harlan Ellison (1969) "Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones" by Samuel R. Delany (1970) "Slow Sculpture" by Theodore Sturgeon (1971) "Inconstant Moon" by Larry Niven (1972) "Eurema's Dam" by R. A. Lafferty / "The Meeting" by Frederik Pohl and C. M. Kornbluth (1973) "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1974) "The Hole Man" by Larry Niven (1975) "Catch That Zeppelin!" by Fritz Leiber (1976) "Tricentennial" by Joe Haldeman (1977) "Jeffty Is Five" by Harlan Ellison (1978) "Cassandra" by C. J. Cherryh (1979) "The Way of Cross and Dragon" by George R. R. Martin (1980)
Complete list Retro 1955–1960 1961–1980 1981–2000 2001–2020 2021–present

Hugo Award for Best Short Story (1961–1980)

"The Longest Voyage" by Poul Anderson (1961)
"Hothouse" by Brian W. Aldiss (1962)
"The Dragon Masters" by Jack Vance (1963)
"No Truce with Kings" by Poul Anderson (1964)
"Soldier, Ask Not" by Gordon R. Dickson (1965)
""Repent, Harlequin!" Said the Ticktockman" by Harlan Ellison (1966)
"Neutron Star" by Larry Niven (1967)
"I Have No Mouth, and I Must Scream" by Harlan Ellison (1968)
"The Beast that Shouted Love at the Heart of the World" by Harlan Ellison (1969)
"Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones" by Samuel R. Delany (1970)
"Slow Sculpture" by Theodore Sturgeon (1971)
"Inconstant Moon" by Larry Niven (1972)
"Eurema's Dam" by R. A. Lafferty / "The Meeting" by Frederik Pohl and C. M. Kornbluth (1973)
"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1974)
"The Hole Man" by Larry Niven (1975)
"Catch That Zeppelin!" by Fritz Leiber (1976)
"Tricentennial" by Joe Haldeman (1977)
"Jeffty Is Five" by Harlan Ellison (1978)
"Cassandra" by C. J. Cherryh (1979)
"The Way of Cross and Dragon" by George R. R. Martin (1980)

v t e Nebula Award for Best Novelette
1966–1980	"The Doors of His Face, the Lamps of His Mouth" by Roger Zelazny (1966) "Call Him Lord" by Gordon R. Dickson (1967) "Gonna Roll the Bones" by Fritz Leiber (1968) "Mother to the World" by Richard Wilson (1969) "Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones" by Samuel R. Delany (1970) "Slow Sculpture" by Theodore Sturgeon (1971) "The Queen of Air and Darkness" by Poul Anderson (1972) "Goat Song" by Poul Anderson (1973) "Of Mist, and Grass, and Sand" by Vonda N. McIntyre (1974) "If the Stars Are Gods", by Gordon Eklund and Gregory Benford (1975) "San Diego Lightfoot Sue" by Tom Reamy (1976) "The Bicentennial Man" by Isaac Asimov (1977) "The Screwfly Solution" by Raccoona Sheldon (1978) "A Glow of Candles, a Unicorn's Eye" by Charles L. Grant (1979) "Sandkings" by George R. R. Martin (1980)
1981–2000	"The Ugly Chickens" by Howard Waldrop (1981) "The Quickening" by Michael Bishop (1982) "Fire Watch" by Connie Willis (1983) "Blood Music" by Greg Bear (1984) "Bloodchild" by Octavia Butler (1985) "Portraits of His Children" by George R. R. Martin (1986) "The Girl who Fell into the Sky" by Kate Wilhelm (1987) "Rachel in Love" by Pat Murphy (1988) "Schrödinger's Kitten" by George Alec Effinger (1989) "At the Rialto" by Connie Willis (1990) "Tower of Babylon" by Ted Chiang (1991) "Guide Dog" by Michael Conner (1992) "Danny Goes to Mars" by Pamela Sargent (1993) "Georgia on My Mind" by Charles Sheffield (1994) "The Martian Child" by David Gerrold (1995) "Solitude" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1996) "Lifeboat on a Burning Sea" by Bruce Holland Rogers (1997) "The Flowers of Adult Prison" by Nancy Kress (1998) "Lost Girls" by Jane Yolen (1999) "'Mars is No Place for Children", by Mary Turzillo (2000)
2001–2020	"Daddy's World" by Walter Jon Williams (2001) "Louise's Ghost" by Kelly Link (2002) "Hell is the Absence of God" by Ted Chiang (2003) "The Empire of Ice Cream" by Jeffrey Ford (2004) "Basement Magic" by Ellen Klages (2005) "The Faery Handbag" by Kelly Link (2006) "Two Hearts" by Peter S. Beagle (2007) "The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate" by Ted Chiang (2008) "Pride and Prometheus" by John Kessel (2009) "Sinner, Baker, Fabulist, Priest; Red Mask, Black Mask, Gentleman, Beast" by Eugie Foster (2010) "That Leviathan, Whom Thou Hast Made" by Eric James Stone (2011) "What We Found" by Geoff Ryman (2012) "Close Encounters" by Andy Duncan (2013) "The Waiting Stars" by Aliette de Bodard (2014) "A Guide to the Fruits of Hawai'i" by Alaya Dawn Johnson (2015) "Our Lady of the Open Road" by Sarah Pinsker (2016) "The Long Fall Up" by William Ledbetter (2017) "A Human Stain" by Kelly Robson (2018) "The Only Harmless Great Thing" by Brooke Bolander (2019) "Carpe Glitter" by Cat Rambo (2020)
2021–present	"Two Truths and a Lie" by Sarah Pinsker (2021) "O2 Arena" by Oghenechovwe Donald Ekpeki (2022) "If You Find Yourself Speaking to God, Address God with the Informal You" by John Chu (2023) "The Year Without Sunshine" by Naomi Kritzer (2024)

v t e Nebula Award for Best Short Story
1966–1980	""Repent, Harlequin!" Said the Ticktockman" by Harlan Ellison (1966) "The Secret Place" by Richard McKenna (1967) "Aye, and Gomorrah" by Samuel R. Delany (1968) "The Planners" by Kate Wilhelm (1969) "Passengers" by Robert Silverberg (1970) "Good News from the Vatican" by Robert Silverberg (1972) "When It Changed" by Joanna Russ (1973) "Love Is the Plan the Plan Is Death" by James Tiptree Jr. (1974) "The Day Before the Revolution" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1975) "Catch That Zeppelin!" by Fritz Leiber (1976) "A Crowd of Shadows" by Charles L. Grant (1977) "Jeffty Is Five" by Harlan Ellison (1978) "Stone" by Edward Bryant (1979) "giANTS" by Edward Bryant (1980)
1981–2000	"Grotto of the Dancing Deer" by Clifford D. Simak (1981) "The Bone Flute" by Lisa Tuttle (refused, 1982) "A Letter from the Clearys" by Connie Willis (1983) "The Peacemaker" by Gardner Dozois (1984) "Morning Child" by Gardner Dozois (1985) "Out of All Them Bright Stars" by Nancy Kress (1986) "Tangents" by Greg Bear (1987) "Forever Yours, Anna" by Kate Wilhelm (1988) "Bible Stories for Adults, No. 17: The Deluge" by James K. Morrow (1989) "Ripples in the Dirac Sea" by Geoffrey A. Landis (1990) "Bears Discover Fire" by Terry Bisson (1991) "Ma Qui" by Alan Brennert (1992) "Even the Queen" by Connie Willis (1993) "Graves" by Joe Haldeman (1994) "A Defense of the Social Contracts" by Martha Soukup (1995) "Death and the Librarian" by Esther Friesner (1996) "A Birthday" by Esther Friesner (1997) "Sister Emily's Lightship" by Jane Yolen (1998) "Thirteen Ways to Water" by Bruce Holland Rogers (1999) "The Cost of Doing Business" by Leslie What (2000)
2001–2020	"macs" by Terry Bisson (2001) "The Cure for Everything" by Severna Park (2002) "Creature" by Carol Emshwiller (2003) "What I Didn't See" by Karen Joy Fowler (2004) "Coming to Terms" by Eileen Gunn (2005) "I Live With You" by Carol Emshwiller (2006) "Echo" by Elizabeth Hand (2007) "Always" by Karen Joy Fowler (2008) "Trophy Wives" by Nina Kiriki Hoffman (2009) "Spar" by Kij Johnson (2010) "How Interesting: A Tiny Man" by Harlan Ellison / "Ponies" by Kij Johnson (2011) "The Paper Menagerie" by Ken Liu (2012) "Immersion" by Aliette de Bodard (2013) "If You Were a Dinosaur, My Love" by Rachel Swirsky (2014) "Jackalope Wives" by Ursula Vernon (2015) "Hungry Daughters of Starving Mothers" by Alyssa Wong (2016) "Seasons of Glass and Iron" by Amal El-Mohtar (2017) "Welcome to Your Authentic Indian Experience™" by Rebecca Roanhorse (2018) "The Secret Lives of the Nine Negro Teeth of George Washington" by P. Djèlí Clark (2019) "Give the Family My Love" by A. T. Greenblatt (2020)
2021–present	"Open House on Haunted Hill" by John Wiswell (2021) "Where Oaken Hearts Do Gather" by Sarah Pinsker (2022) "Rabbit Test" by Samantha Mills (2023) "Tantie Merle and the Farmhand 4200" by R. S. A. Garcia (2024)

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