| Giera | |
|---|---|
| Commune | |
 Location in Timiș County | |
  GieraLocation in Romania | |
| Coordinates: 45°24′N 21°0′E / 45.400°N 21.000°E / 45.400; 21.000 | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Timiș |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Radu Vicol (PSD) |
| Area | 91 km (35 sq mi) |
| Population | 1,131 |
| • Density | 12/km (32/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 307215–307217 |
| Vehicle reg. | TM |
Giera (Hungarian: Gyér; German: Gier; Serbian: Ђир, romanized: Đir) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Giera (commune seat), Grănicerii and Toager.
History
The first recorded mention of Giera dates from 1322, when it was a property of the Csanád clan [hu]; Tivadar Vejtehi donated it to his son-in-law Omori Gál. At the 1717 census, in Giera there were 12 houses inhabited by Serbs and an Orthodox church (built since 1667). They settled here during the 17th century. From 1795, the domain (including Toager, Grănicerii and Livezile) came into the possession of the Gyertyánffy family [hu], a Hungarian noble family of Armenian origin, taking the name Gyér. In 1829, Lukács Gyertyánffy built a mansion in Giera, near the grain storehouse (now a historical monument), built in turn by Andor Gyertyánffy; the mansion is preserved to this day. The Gyertyánffys also owned a grove called Gradinaț (Hungarian: Grádácz), where an Avar ring and a Turkish fortress were later unearthed.
Demographics
Ethnic composition (2011)
Romanians (65.54%) Hungarians (17.03%) Roma (7.99%) Serbs (4.52%) Germans (1.69%) Unknown (2.99%) Others (0.24%)Religious composition (2011)
Orthodox (68.2%) Roman Catholics (20.82%) Serbian Orthodox (4.44%) Pentecostals (1.29%) Baptists (1.13%) Unknown (2.99%) Others (1.13%)Giera had a population of 1,239 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 6% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (65.54%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (17.03%), Roma (7.99%), Serbs (4.52%) and Germans (1.69%). For 2.99% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (68.2%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.82%), Serbian Orthodox (4.44%), Pentecostals (1.29%) and Baptists (1.13%). For 2.99% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.
| Census | Ethnic composition | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs |
| 1880 | 2,888 | 834 | 353 | 1,290 | – | 397 |
| 1890 | 3,442 | 837 | 588 | 1,550 | – | 458 |
| 1900 | 3,504 | 850 | 668 | 1,514 | – | 457 |
| 1910 | 3,483 | 943 | 652 | 1,345 | – | 527 |
| 1920 | 3,461 | 875 | 732 | 1,362 | – | – |
| 1930 | 3,221 | 1,045 | 493 | 1,260 | 1 | 404 |
| 1941 | 3,261 | 1,177 | 560 | 1,147 | – | – |
| 1956 | 2,473 | 856 | 520 | 764 | – | 317 |
| 1966 | 2,185 | 774 | 512 | 652 | – | 244 |
| 1977 | 1,697 | 750 | 414 | 349 | 11 | 170 |
| 1992 | 1,228 | 719 | 303 | 43 | 64 | 97 |
| 2002 | 1,321 | 855 | 276 | 32 | 88 | 64 |
| 2011 | 1,239 | 812 | 211 | 21 | 99 | 56 |
References
- "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- "Primăria Giera". Ghidul Primăriilor.
- "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
- ^ Reiszig, Ede (1912). "Torontál vármegye községei". In Borovszky, Samu (ed.). Magyarország vármegyéi és városai. Budapest: Országos Monografia Társaság.
- ^ "Depozitul de cereale din Giera". Prin Banat. 22 April 2014.
- ^ "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
- ^ "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
- Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
