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Kryts language

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Samur language of Azerbaijan
Kryts
Kryc
кърыцIаь мез ġrəċä mez/qryc’ä mez
цIека meз ċeka mez/c’eka mez
Йергуьж мез
Pronunciation
Native toAzerbaijan
RegionQuba Rayon
EthnicityKryts people
Native speakers5,000 (2007)
Language familyNortheast Caucasian
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3kry
Glottologkryt1240
ELPKryts
  Kryts
Kryts is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Kryts (Kryc) is a Lezgic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken in parts of the Quba Rayon of Azerbaijan by 6,000 people in 1975. Its dialects are Kryts, Jek, Khaput, Yergyudzh [lez], and Alyk, which are all quite distinct to the point of only partial mutual intelligibility, therefore they could also be considered separate languages in a dialect continuum.

Kryts is endangered, classified as "severely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal/
Epiglottal 		Glottal
plain lab. pal. plain lab. pal.
Stop voiceless p t k kʷ kʲ q qʷ qʲ ʔ
ejective pʼ tʼ kʼ kʼʷ kʼʲ qʼ qʼʷ qʼʲ
voiced b d ɡ ɡʷ (ɢ)
Affricate voiceless (t͡s) t͡ʃ
ejective t͡sʼ t͡ʃʼ
voiced (d͡z) d͡ʒ
Fricative voiceless f s ʃ x χ (ʜ) h
voiced v z ʒ ɣ ʁ ʁʷ ʕ
Nasal m n
Trill r
Approximant l j
  • /ʁ/ may also be realized as or , in complementary distribution.
  • Sounds /t͡s, d͡z/ only occur in other dialects of the language.
  • /h/ may vary from a glottal sound to an epiglottal fricative /ʜ/.

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i (ɨ) u
Mid e
Open a
  • /i/ can be heard as , in free variation
  • The four vowels may also be pharyngealized as /iˤ, uˤ, eˤ, aˤ/.

Orthography

In 2020, a dictionary was published in the Khaput variety, using the Latin script.

A a B b C c Ç ç Ç' ç' D d E e Ә ә F f G g Ğ ğ Ğ' ğ'
H h H' h' Ĥ ĥ X x X' x' J j İ i I ı K k K' k' Q q Q' q'
Q̂ q̂ L l M m N n O o Ö ö P p P' p' R r S s Ş ş S' s'
T t U u Ü ü V v Y y Z z

References

  • Authier, Gilles (2009). Grammaire kryz. Collection Linguistique (Société de linguistique de Paris). Vol. 93. Leuven: Peeters. ISBN 9789042923157.
  1. ^ Kryts at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger Archived 22 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  3. "Kryts". The Endangered Languages Project.
  4. "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger". UNESCO.
  5. UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger Archived February 17, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  6. Hərərə Mezınə Şikilbəzınə Luğət [Picture Dictionary in the Haput Language]. ISBN 978-9952-511-17-8.

External links

Languages of Azerbaijan
Official language
Minority languages
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Formerly spoken minority languages
Extinct
North Caucasian languages
The proposed North Caucasian language family comprises the Northeast and Northwest Caucasian language families.
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See also
Languages of Armenia
Languages of Azerbaijan
Languages of Georgia
Languages of Russia


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