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List of echinoderms of Venezuela

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List of echinoderms of Venezuela

The echinoderms of Venezuela are a strictly marine animal phylum comprising about 124 species of marine waters designated for Venezuelan Caribbean. The first lists of species for Venezuelan coast date back to 1939 and 1967.

In Venezuela are five classes representatives living today: Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea. In this list are listed 105 species for the territory Venezuelan.

List of species identified for Venezuela

Crinoidea (Sea Lilies)

Crinoidea
Species Common name Global distribution Distribution by state Image
Antedon bifida (Pennant, 1777) Rosy Feather-star Atlantic Ocean Ar; Su; Va

Davidaster rubiginosus (Pourtàles, 1869) Sea lily Caribbean Sea Ar

Tropiometra carinata (Lamarck, 1816) Black and White Sea Lily Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean Ar; Ca; Fa; DF; Su; Va

Asteroidea (Starfishs)

Asteroidea
Species Common name Global distribution Distribution by state Image
Anthenoides piercei Perrier, 1881 Starfish Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea NE; Su
Asterinides folium (Lütken, 1859) Common Blunt Armed Sea Star Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Su
Astropecten antillensis Lütken, 1859 Starfish Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Su; Zu
Astropecten brasiliensis Müller & Troschel (1842) Starfish Western Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea An; Fa; Mi; NE; Su
Astropecten duplicatus Gray, 1840 Two-spined Star Fish Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea NE; Su; Va; Zu
Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840 Starfish Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea DA; Fa; NE; Su; Zu
Echinaster brasiliensis Müller & Troschel, 1842 Starfish Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Su
Echinaster echinophorus (Lamarck, 1816) Starfish Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea DF; NE; Su
Goniaster tesellatus (Lamarck, 1816) Starfish Atlantic Ocean NE; Su
Linckia guildingi Gray, 1840 Yellow Starfish Cosmopolitan NE
Luidia alternata (Say, 1825) Starfish Caribbean Sea NE; Su; Zu
Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) Starfish Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean An; NE; Su; Zu
Luidia senegalensis (Lamarck, 1816) Nine-armed Sea Star Northwesthern Atlantic Ocean Mi; NE; Su
Oreaster reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1858) Orange Starfish Cushion Sea Star Caribbean Sea Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su
Tethyaster vestitus (Say, 1825) Starfish Caribbean Sea DA; DF; Su

Ophiuroidea (Sea spiders and sea snakes)

Ophiuroidea
Species Common name Global distribution Distribution by state Image
Amphiodia trychna H. L. Clark, 1918 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea An; Su
Amphioplus coniortodes H. L. Clark, 1918 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea An; NE; Su
Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1867 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) Small Brittle Star Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean NE; Su
Amphiura palmeri T Lyman, 1882 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Amphiura rathbuni Koehler, 1914 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea NE
Amphiura stimpsonii Lútken, 1859 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Asteronyx loveni Müller & Troschel, 1824 Pipe-cleaner Brittlestar Northern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Fa
Astrophyton muricatum (Lamarck, 1816) Grifo Giant Basket Star Caribbean Sea Ar; DF; NE; Su
Microphiopholis atra (Stimpson, 1852) Sea spiders Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea An; DA; Mo; Su
Microphiopholis gracillima (Stimpson, 1852) Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiactis muelleri Lütken, 1856 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiactis algicola H.L. Clark, 1933 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) Savigny's Brittle Star Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean DF; Mi; NE; Su
Ophiocnida scabriuscula (Lútken, 1859) Lobate Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiocoma echinata (Lamarck, 1816) Black Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Ar; DF; Fa; NE; Su
Ophiocoma pumila Lütken, 1859 Banded Ophiocoma Caribbean Sea DF; Fa; Su; Va
Ophiocoma wendtii Müller & Troschel, 1842 Red Ophiocoma Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Indian Ocean NE; Su
Ophiocomella ophiactoides (H. L. Clark, 1963) Coralline Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Ar; Su
Ophioderma appressa (Say, 1825) Harlequin Brittle Star Caribbean Sea DF; Mi; NE; Su
Ophioderma brevicauda Lütken, 1856 Short Spined Ophioderma Caribbean Sea Ca; DF; Fa; Mi
Ophioderma brevispina (Say, 1825) Sea spiders Caribbean Sea DF; Mi
Ophioderma cinerea Müller & Troschel, 1842 Chocolate Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Su
Ophioderma rubicunda Lütken, 1856 Ruby Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiolepis elegans Lütken, 1859 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea An; DF; Mi; NE; Su
Ophiolepis impressa Lütken, 1859 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Mi; Su
Ophiolepis paucispina (Say, 1825) Scaly Brittle Star Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiomyxa flaccida ( Say, 1825) Slimy Brittle Star Caribbean Sea DF; Su
Ophionereis olivacea H. L. Clark, 1901 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1925) Reticulated Brittle Star Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea DF; NE; Su
Ophionereis squamulosa Köehler, 1913 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiopsila hartmeyeri Koehler, 1913 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiopsila riisei Lütken, 1859 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Ar; DF; Su
Ophiophragmus wurdemani (Lyman, 1860) Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Va
Ophiothrix angulata (Say, 1825) Angular Brittle Star Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea DF; Mi; NE; Su
Ophiothrix brachyactis H. L. Clark, 1915 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea Su
Ophiothrix oerstedii Lütken, 1856 Oersted's Brittle Star Caribbean Sea DF; NE; Su
Ophiothrix suensonii Lütken, 1856 Suenson's Brittle Star Caribbean Sea NE; Su
Ophiura acervata Lyman 1869 Sea spiders Caribbean Sea DA; Mo; Su

Echinoidea (Sea urchins and sand dollar)

Echinoidea
Species Common name Global distribution Distribution by state Image
Arbacia punctulata (Lamarck, 1816) Purple Sea Urchin. Caribbean Sea An; NE; Su
Brissopsis elongata Mortensen, 1907 Caribbean Sea An; Su
Brissus unicolor (Leske, 1778) Groove Burrowing Urchin Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Westhern Mediterranean Sea An; DF; Su
Clypeaster cyclopylus H.L.Clark, 1941 Venezuelan Caribbean Sea DF (Archp. Los Testigos)
Clypeaster euclastus H.L.Clark, 1941 Caribbean Sea An, Ca, DA, DF, Fa
Clypeaster lamprus H.L.Clark, 1914 Caribbean Sea Va
Clypeaster prostratus Ravenel, 1848 Caribbean Sea Fa, Zu
Clypeaster rosaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sea Biscuit Caribbean Sea Fa; DF; NE
Clypeaster subdepressus (Gray, 1825) Sand Dollar Caribbean Sea An; Fa; NE; Su
Diadema antillarum (Philippi & Agassiz, 1863) Long-spined Sea Urchin Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Ar; Ca; DF; Mi; Su; Va
Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) Rock-boring Urchin Caribbean Sea An; Ar; Ca; DA; DF; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su; Va; Zu
Echinometra viridis Agassiz, 1863 Green Urchin Caribbean Sea Ar; Ca; DF; Fa; Mi
Encope emarginata (Leske, 1778) Sand Dollar, Cookie Caribbean Sea Ar; NE; Su
Encope michelini Agassiz, 1841 Notched Sand Dollar Caribbean Sea Ar; NE; Su
Eucidaris tribuloides (Lamarck, 1816) Slate Pencil Urchin Caribbean Sea DF; Mi; NE; Su; Va; Zu
Leodia sexiesperforata (Leske, 1778) Six Holed Keyhole Urchin Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea An; Ar; Ca; Mi; NE; Su; Va
Lytechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) Variegated Sea Urchin Caribbean Sea An; Ar; Ca; DA; DF; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; su; Va; Zu
Mellita quinquiesperforata latiambulacra H. L. Clark, 1940 Dollar see; Cookie Caribbean Sea An; Ar; Ca; DA; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su; Va; Zu
Meoma ventricosa (Lamarck, 1816) Caribbean Sea DF; NE
Moira atropos (Lamarck, 1816) Caribbean Sea Su;
Plagiobrissus grandis (Gmelin, 1788) Caribbean Sea An; DA; Su
Schizaster orbignyanus Agassiz, 1980 Caribbean Sea An; DA; Su
Tripneustes ventricosus (Lamarck, 1816) Sea Egg Caribbean Sea DF; Fa; Mi; NE; Su; Va

Holothuroidea (Sea Cucumbers)

Holothuroidea
Species Common name Global distribution Distribution by state Image
Aslia pygmaea (Théel 1886) Venezuelan Caribbean sea NE
Aslia surinamensis (Semper 1868) Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean NE
Astichopus multifidus (Sluter, 1910) Fissured Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean DF
Chiridota rotifera (Pourtalès, 1851) Worm Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean Su
Euthyonacta solida (Deichmann, 1930) Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean Su
Holothuria arenicola Semper, 1868 Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean Su
Holothuria cubana Ludwig, 1875 Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean Su
Holothuria glaberrima Selenka, 1867 Brown Rock Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean Su
Holothuria grisea (Selenka; 1867) Gray Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean Su
Holothuria impatiens (Forskaal, 1775) Impatient Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean Su
Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875 Donkey Dung Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean DF; Fa
Holothuria occidentalis Ludwig, 1875 Caribbean Sea Su
Holothuria parvula (Selenka, 1867) Golden Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea, Indian Ocean Su
Holothuria princeps (Selenka, 1867) Caribbean Sea Su
Holothuria surinamensis Ludwig, 1875 Surinam Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea Zu
Holothuria thomasi Pawson & Caycedo, 1980 Tiger Tail Sea Cocumber Caribbean Sea su
Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka, 1867) Three-rowed Sea Cucumber Caribbean Sea DF; Su
Lissothuria antillensis Pawson, 1967 Venezuelan Caribbean Sea Su
Lissothuria braziliensis (Théel, 1886) Venezuelan Caribbean Sea Su
Ocnus suspectus (Ludwig, 1874) Caribbean Sea Su
Pentamera pulcherrima Ayres, 1852 Nortrwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea Su
Pseudothyone belli (Luswig, 1887) Caribbean Sea Su
Sclerodactyla briareus (Lesueur, 1824) Caribbean Sea Su
Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930 Caribbean Sea Su
Thyonidium seguroensis (Deichmann, 1930) Caribbean Sea Su

See also

Notas

  1. The following codes are used:
    • An: Anzoátegui
    • Ar: Aragua
    • Ca: Carabobo
    • DA: Delta Amacuro
    • DF: Dependencias Federales
    • Fa: Falcón
    • Mi: Miranda
    • Mo: Monagas
    • NE: Nueva Esparta
    • Su: Sucre
    • Va: Vargas
    • Zu: Zulia

References

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  2. ^ Engel H (1939). "Echinoderms from Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire and Northern Venezuela". Capita Zoologica. VIII (4): 1–12.
  3. ^ Zoppy E (1967). "Contribución al conocimiento de los Equinodermos de Venezuela". Acta Biologica Venezuelica. 5 (17): 267–333.
  4. ^ Zoppy, E. & Cedeño, A. 1980. Phylum Echinodermata. En: Bodini, R. & Rada, D. Biología Animal. Editorial Ateneo de Caracas. Caracas - Venezuela. pp:233-242
  5. ^ Flores C., Martínez de R. A. (1970). "Status de la familia Goniasteridae (Asteroidea: Phanerozonia) en la región Oriental de Venezuela". Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Universidad de Oriente. 9 (1–2): 3–8.
  6. ^ Martínez, Mago H (1975). "Contribución al conocimiento de los holoturoideos (Holoturoidea: Echinodermata) de la región oriental de Venezuela". Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Universidad de Oriente. 14 (2): 187–197.
  7. ^ "Gómez M, María C. y Hernández A, Iván. 2011: Equinodermos de la bahía Tunantal, Estado Sucre, Venezuela. Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela, 50 (2): 209-231". Ojs.udo.edu.ve. 2013-01-13. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  16. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Asterinides folium Common Blunt Armed Sea Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  26. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Goniaster tessellatus (de Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 124033". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  27. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Linckia guildingi Gray, 1840 AphiaID: 178188". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  28. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Luidia alternata (Say, 1825)AphiaID: 178615". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  29. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 158497". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  30. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Luidia senegalensis Nine-armed Sea Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  32. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Oreaster reticulatus Cushion Sea Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  33. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Oreaster reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) AphiaID: 178210". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  34. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Tethyaster vestitus (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 178718". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  35. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphiodia trychna H.L. Clark, 1918 AphiaID: 242681". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  36. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphioplus coniortodes H.L. Clark, 1918 AphiaID: 242765". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  37. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphipholis januarii Ljungman, 1866 AphiaID: 149906". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  38. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Amphipholis squamata Small Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  39. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphipholis squamata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) AphiaID: 125064". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  40. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphiura palmeri Koehler, 1906 AphiaID: 125093". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  41. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphiura rathbuni Koehler, 1914 AphiaID: 242980". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  42. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Amphiura stimpsoni Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 242991". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  43. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Asteronyx loveni Pipe-cleaner Brittlestar". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  44. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Asteronyx loveni Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 124951". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  45. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Astrophyton muricatum Giant Basket Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  47. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Microphiopholis atra (Stimpson, 1852) AphiaID: 158072". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  48. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Microphiopholis gracillima (Stimpson, 1854) AphiaID: 405791". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  49. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiactis muelleri Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243460". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  59. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiocoma wendtii Red Ophiocoma". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  61. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiocomella ophiactoides Coralline Brittle Star". EOL. 2011-08-30. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  62. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiocomella ophiactoides (H.L. Clark, 1900) AphiaID: 243584". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  63. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophioderma appressa Harlequin Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  64. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophioderma appressa (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 243630". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  65. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophioderma brevicauda Short Spined Ophioderma". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  66. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophioderma brevicauda Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243631". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  67. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophioderma brevispina (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 158073". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  69. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophioderma cinerea Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 243632". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  70. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophioderma rubicunda Ruby Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  72. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiolepis elegans Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 243691". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  73. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiolepis impressa Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 243695". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  74. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiolepis impressa Scaly Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  75. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiolepis paucispina (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 124887". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  76. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiomyxa flaccida Slimy Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  79. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophionereis reticulata Reticulated Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  80. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophionereis reticulata (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 124833". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  81. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophionereis squamulosa Koehler, 1914 AphiaID: 243892". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  82. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiopsila hartmeyeri Koehler, 1913 AphiaID: 244010". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  83. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiopsila riisei Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 244020". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  84. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiophragmus wurdemani (Lyman, 1860) AphiaID: 243937". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  85. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiothrix angulata Angular Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  86. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 244162". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  87. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiothrix brachyactis H.L. Clark, 1915 AphiaID: 244106". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  88. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiothrix oerstedii Oersted's Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  90. "Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) Ophiothrix suensoni Suenson's Brittle Star". EOL. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  91. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiothrix (Acanthophiothrix) suensonii Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 244148". Marinespecies.org. 2007-07-18. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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  164. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Pseudothyone belli (Ludwig, 1887) AphiaID: 422535". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  165. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Sclerodactyla briareus (Lesueur, 1824) AphiaID: 158532". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
  166. "World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Thyone pseudofusus Deichmann, 1930 AphiaID: 225684". Marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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