List of fungi of South Africa – R

The Fungi recorded from South Africa - Taxa starting with R

This is an alphabetical list of fungal taxa as recorded from South Africa. Currently accepted names have been appended.

Ra

Genus: Radulum Fr. 1825, accepted as Xenotypa Petr., (1955)

Radulum javanicum (Henn.) Lloyd 1915 accepted as Erythricium salmonicolor (Berk. & Broome) Burds., (1985)
Radulum lirellosum Lloyd.
Radulum mirabile Berk. & Broome 1873 accepted as Lopharia cinerascens (Schwein.) G. Cunn., (1956)
Radulum orbiculare Fr. 1825 accepted as Xylodon radula (Fr.) Ţura, Zmitr., Wasser & Spirin, (2011)

Genus: Ramalina Ach. 1809 (Lichens)

Ramalina angulosa Laurer ex Th. Fr. 1861 accepted as Ramalina australiensis Nyl., (1870)
Ramalina arabum (Dill. ex Ach.) Meyen & Flot. 1843
Ramalina australiensis Nyl., (1870) reported as Ramalina angulosa Laurer ex Th. Fr. 1861
Ramalina bourgaeana Mont. ex Nyl. as bourgeana 1870 accepted as Niebla bourgaeana (Mont. ex Nyl.) Rundel & Bowler , (1978)
Ramalina calicaris (L.) Röhl. 1813
Ramalina calicaris f. ecklonii (Spreng.) Nyl. 1860, accepted as Ramalina ecklonii (Spreng.) Meyen & Flot. , (1843)
Ramalina capensis var. angulosa Th. Fr. 1861
Ramalina capensis var. melanothrix (Laurer) Th. Fr. 1861 accepted as Niebla melanothrix (Laurer) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S. Ekman, (2018)
Ramalina celastri (Spreng.) Krog & Swinscow, (1976) reported as Ramalina linearis (Sw.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina complanata (Sw.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina cuspidata (Ach.) Nyl. 1870
Ramalina cuspidata f. implexa H. Olivier 1892
Ramalina dendriscoides Nyl. 1876
Ramalina denticulata (Eschw.) Nyl. 1863
Ramalina duriaei Jatta (sic) possibly (De Not.) Bagl. 1879, accepted as Ramalina lacera (With.) J.R. Laundon, (1984)
Ramalina ecklonii (Spreng.) Meyen & Flot. 1843
Ramalina euphorbiae Vain. 1901
Ramalina evernioides Nyl. 1857
Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina farinacea var. squarrosa Müll. Arg. 1883 accepted as Ramalina peruviana Ach., (1810)
Ramalina fastigiata (Pers.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina fraxinea (L.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina fraxinea var. fastigiata (Lilj.) Fr. 1826
Ramalina geniculata Hook. f. & Taylor 1844, accepted as Ramalina inflata (Hook. f. & Taylor) Hook. f. & Taylor, (1845)
Ramalina geniculata f. tenuis Hue.*
Ramalina geniculata var. olivacea Müll. Arg. 1879 accepted as Ramalina inflata (Hook. f. & Taylor) Hook. f. & Taylor, (1845)
Ramalina gracilis (Pers.) Nyl. 1860;
Ramalina implexa Laur. (sic)possibly (Nyl.) Krog 1994
Ramalina inflata (Hook. f. & Taylor) Hook. f. & Taylor, (1845) reported as Ramalina geniculata Hook. f. & Taylor 1844,
Ramalina intermedia (Delise ex Nyl.) Nyl. 1873
Ramalina lacera (With.) J.R. Laundon, (1984) possibly repoerted as Ramalina duriaei Jatta (sic) possibly (De Not.) Bagl. 1879
Ramalina lanceolata Nyl. 1870
Ramalina linearis (Sw.) Ach. 1810 accepted as Ramalina celastri (Spreng.) Krog & Swinscow, (1976)
Ramalina melanothrix Laurer 1860 accepted as Niebla melanothrix (Laurer) Kistenich, Timdal, Bendiksby & S. Ekman, (2018)
Ramalina membranacea Laur. possibly Mont. 1839
Ramalina peruviana Ach., (1810) reported as Ramalina farinacea var. squarrosa Müll. Arg. 1883
Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina pollinaria f. cariosa Laurer 1870
Ramalina pusilla Le Prévost ex Duby 1830
Ramalina scopulorum (Ach.) Ach. 1810 accepted as Ramalina siliquosa (Huds.) A.L. Sm., (1918)
Ramalina scopulorum var. cornuata (Ach.) Ach. 1810 accepted as Ramalina cuspidata (Ach.) Nyl., (1870)
Ramalina scopulorum var. humilis Schaer.
Ramalina scopulorum var. implexa Nyl.
Ramalina siliquosa (Huds.) A.L. Sm., (1918) reported as Ramalina scopulorum (Ach.) Ach. 1810
Ramalina subfraxinea Nyl. 1870
Ramalina usnea (L.) R. Howe 1914
Ramalina usnea var. capensis (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 1930;
Ramalina usnea var. contorta (Flot.) Zahlbr. 1930;
Ramalina usneoides (Ach.) Mont. 1837
Ramalina usneoides var. capensis Nyl.
Ramalina usneoides var. contorta Flotow. wccepted as Ramalina usnea (L.) R. Howe 1914
Ramalina webbii var. capensis A. Massal. 1861
Ramalina yemensis (Ach.) Nyl. 1870.
Ramalina yemensis f. fenestralis Stizenb. 1890
Ramalina yemensis f. sublinearis Nyl. 1870
Ramalina yemensis f. tenuissima Müll.Arg.*
Ramalina yemensis var. ecklonii (Spreng.) Vain. 1890
Ramalina yemensis var. lanceolata Nyl.*
Ramalina yemensis var. membranacea (Laurer) Nyl. 1870
Ramalina yemensis var. tenuissima (Meyen & Flot.) Zahlbr. 1930 accep-ted as Ramalina celastri (Spreng.) Krog & Swinscow, (1976)

Genus: Ramularia Unger 1833

Ramularia areola G.F. Atk. 1890 accepted as Ramularia gossypii (Speg.) Cif., (1962)
Ramularia gossypii (Speg.) Cif., (1962) reported as Ramularia areola G.F. Atk. 1890
Ramularia primulae Thüm. 1878
Ramularia richardiae Kalchbr. & Cooke 1880
Ramularia rumicis Kalchbr. & Cooke 1880

Genus: Ravenelia Berk. 1853

Ravenelia atrides Syd. & P. Syd. 1912 accepted as Uredopeltis atrides (Syd. & P. Syd.) A.R. Wood, (2007)
Ravenelia baumiana Henn. 1903
Ravenelia bottomleyae Doidge 1927 accepted as Spumula bottomleyae (Doidge) Thirum., (1946)
Ravenelia deformans (Maubl.) Dietel 1906 accepted as Ravenelia hieronymi Speg., (1881)
Ravenelia dichrostachydis Doidge 1927,
Ravenelia elephantorhizae Doidge 1927
Ravenelia escharoides Syd. & P. Syd. 1912
Ravenelia evansii Syd. & P. Syd. 1912,
Ravenelia glabra Kalchbr. & Cooke 1880
Ravenelia halsei Doidge 1939
Ravenelia hieronymi Speg., (1881) recorded as Ravenelia deformans (Maubl.) Dietel 1906
Ravenelia indigoferae Tranzschel ex Dietel 1894
Ravenelia inornata (Kalchbr.) Dietel 1894
Ravenelia laevis Dietel & Holw. 1897
Ravenelia le-testui Maubl., (1906)
Ravenelia macowaniana Pazschke 1894
Ravenelia minima Cooke 1882
Ravenelia modesta Doidge 1939
Ravenelia munduleae Henn. 1896
Ravenelia natalensis Syd., P. Syd. & Pole-Evans 1912
Ravenelia ornamentalis (Kalchbr.) Dietel 1906
Ravenelia peglerae Pole-Evans 1950
Ravenelia pienaarii Doidge 1927
Ravenelia pretoriensis Syd. & P. Syd. 1912
Ravenelia stictica Berk. & Broome 1873
Ravenelia tephrosiae Kalchbr. 1886.
Ravenelia transvaalensis Doidge 1939
Ravenelia woodii Pazschke 1894,.

Rh

Genus: Rhachomyces Thaxt. 1895

Rhachomyces dolicaontis Thaxt., (1901)

Genus: Rhinocladium Sacc. & Marchal 1885

Rhinocladium beurmanni (Matr. & Ramond) Vuill. 1910 accepted as Sporothrix schenckii Hektoen & C.F. Perkins, (1900)

Genus: Rhinosporidium Minchin & Fantham 1905 (Mesomycetozoea) (Protozoa)

Rhinosporidium kinealyi Minchin & Fantham 1905
Rhinosporidium seeberi (Wernicke) Seeber 1912
Rhinosporidium sp.

Genus: Rhinotrichum Corda 1837

Rhinotrichum curtisii Berk. 1867 accepted as Acladium curtisii (Berk.) M.B. Ellis, (1976)
Rhinotrichum rubiginosum Lloyd (sic) possibly (Fr.) Sumst. 1911 accepted as Botryobasidium rubiginosum (Fr.) Rossman & W.C. Allen, (2016)

Genus: Rhizina Fr. 1815,

Rhizina inflata Karst. (sic) possobly (Schaeff.) Quél. 1886
Rhizina resupinata Lloyd*

Genus: Rhizocarpon Ramond ex DC. 1805 (Lichens)

Rhizocarpon affine G. Merr.
Rhizocarpon badioatrum var. alboatrum Malme 1922, accepted as Rhizocarpon richardii (Lamy ex Nyl.) Zahlbr., (1926)
Rhizocarpon capense Zahlbr. 1936
Rhizocarpon disporum var. montagnei (Flot.) Zahlbr. 1926, accepted as Rhizocarpon disporum (Nägeli ex Hepp) Müll. Arg., (1879)
Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. 1805
Rhizocarpon geographicum f. atrovirens (L.) A. Massal. 1853 accepted as Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. 1805
Rhizocarpon geographicum f. intermedium (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1926
Rhizocarpon montagnei Körb. 1855 accepted as Rhizocarpon disporum (Nägeli ex Hepp) Müll. Arg., (1879)
Rhizocarpon patellarium (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1926
Rhizocarpon richardii (Lamy ex Nyl.) Zahlbr., (1926) recorded as Rhizocarpon badioatrum var. alboatrum Malme 1922,
Rhizocarpon viridiatrum (Wulfen) Körb. 1855

Genus: Rhizoctonia DC. 1815

Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taubenh.) E.J.Butler, (1925), accepted as Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. (1947)
Rhizoctonia crocorum (Pers.) DC. 1815 accepted as Helicobasidium purpureum (Tul.) Pat. 1885
Rhizoctonia lamellifera W.Small (1924), accepted as Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. (1947)
Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn 1858
Rhizoctonia sp.

Genus: Rhizomyces

Rhizomyces confusus Thaxt.

Genus: Rhizopogon

Rhizopogon capfcnsis Lloyd ex Verw.
Rhizopogon luteolus Fr.
Rhizopogon niger Zeller & Dodge.
Rhizopogon pachyphloeus Zeller & Dodge.
Rhizopogon radicans Lloyd
Rhizopogon rubescens Tul.

Genus: Rhizopus

Rhizopus arhizus Fisch.
Rhizopus artocarpi Racib. (1900), accepted as Rhizopus stolonifer Vuillemin (1902)
Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenberg (1820), accepted as Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., (1902)
Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill., (1902),

Genus: Rhodopaxillus Maire 1913, accepted as Lepista (Fr.) W.G. Sm., (1870)

Rhodopaxillus caffrorum (Kalchbr. & MacOwan) Singer 1942 accepted as Lepista caffrorum (Kalchbr. & MacOwan) Singer, (1951)

Genus: Rhodotorula F.C. Harrison 1927

Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (A. Jörg.) F.C. Harrison 1928

Genus: Rhopalospora*

Rhopalospora caffra Massal.*

Genus: Rhynchosphaeria (Sacc.) Berl. 1890

Rhynchosphaeria fagarae Doidge 1941

Genus: Rhynchosporium Heinsen ex A.B. Frank 1897,

Rhynchosporium secalis (Oudem.) Davis 1919

Genus: Rhytisma Fr. 1819

Rhytisma eugeniacearum Corda 1840
Rhytisma grewiae Kalchbr. 1880 accepted as Phyllachora grewiae (Kalchbr.) Theiss. & Syd., (1915)
Rhytisma melianthi Thüm. 1876 accepted as Phyllachora melianthi (Thüm.) Sacc., (1883)
Rhytisma myricae Mont. 1856
Rhytisma porrigo Cooke 1882 accepted as Cycloschizon porrigo (Cooke) Arx, (1962)

Ri

Genus: Ricasolia A.Massal. (1855), accepted as Solenopsora A.Massal. (1855) (Lichens)

Ricasolia crenulata var. stenospora Nyl. 1859
Ricasolia erosa (Eschw.) Nyl. 1860 accepted as Emmanuelia erosa (Eschw.) Lücking, M. Cáceres & Ant. Simon, (2020)
Ricasolia patinifera (Taylor) Müll. Arg. 1888 accepted as Emmanuelia patinifera (Taylor) Lücking, M. Cáceres & Ant. Simon, (2020)
Ricasolia ravenelii (Tuck.) Nyl. 1863 accepted as Emmanuelia ravenelii (Tuck.) Ant. Simon & Goffinet, (2020)
Ricasolia sublaevis Nyl. 1868

Genus: Rinodina (Ach.) Gray 1821 (Lichens)

Rinodina aethalea Ach.*
Rinodina albotincta (sic) Zahlbr. possibly Rinodina albocincta Zahlbr., (1936)
Rinodina bicolor Zahlbr. 1932
Rinodina capensis Hampe 1861
Rinodina confragulosa (sic) Müll.Arg. possibly Rinodina confragosula (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. 1887,
Rinodina conspersa Müll. Arg. 1889
Rinodina deminutula (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1931
Rinodina detecta (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1931
Rinodina exigua (Ach.) Gray 1821
Rinodina ficta (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1931
Rinodina hufferiana (sic) Müll.Arg. probably Rinodina huefferiana Müll. Arg. 1880
Rinodina huillensis Vain. 1901
Rinodina microlepida Müll. Arg. 1888
Rinodina microphthalma A. Massal. 1861
Rinodina oreina (Ach.) A. Massal. 1852, accepted as Dimelaena oreina (Ach.) Norman, (1852)
Rinodina roboris (Dufour ex Nyl.) Arnold 1881
Rinodina sophodes (Ach.) A. Massal. 1852
Rinodina sophodes var. atroalbida (Nyl.) Zahlbr. 1931
Rinodina sophodes var. ledienii Stein 1888
Rinodina teichophiloides (Stizenb.) Zahlbr. 1931 accepted as Rinodina blastidiata Matzer & H. Mayrhofer, (1994)

Genus: Rizalia Syd. & P. Syd. 1914

Rizalia confusa Doidge 1924

Ro

Genus: Roccella DC. 1805 (Lichens)

Roccella arnoldi Vain. 1901
Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC., (1805),
Roccella fucoides (Neck.) Vain. 1901 accepted as Roccella phycopsis Ach., (1810)
Roccella fucoides var. arnoldi (Vain.) Zahlbr. 1915
Roccella hereroensis Vain. 1900
Roccella hypomecha (Ach.) Bory 1828 accepted as Roccellina hypomecha (Ach.) Tehler, (2007)
Roccella hypomecha var. benguellensis Vain. 1901
Roccella hypomecha var. isabellina Vain. 1901
Roccella linearis var. guineensis Vain. 1901
Roccella linearis var. primaria Vain. 1901
Roccella mollusca (Ach.) Nyl. 1858 accepted as Combea mollusca (Ach.) Nyl., (1860)
Roccella montagnei Bél. (1834),
Roccella mossamedana Vain. 1901
Roccella phycopsis Ach. (1810),
Roccella podocarpa Vain. 1901
Roccella tinctoria DC. 1805 accepted as Roccella phycopsis Ach., (1810)
Roccella tinctoria f. complanata Vain. 1901
Roccella tinctoria var. hypomecha (Ach.) Ach. 1810 accepted as Roccellina hypomecha (Ach.) Tehler, (2007)
Roccella tinctoria var. subpodicellata Vain. 1901

Family: Roccellaceae Chevall. 1826

Genus: Rosellinia De Not. 1844

Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. 1844
Rosellinia subiculata (Schwein.) Sacc. 1882
Rosellinia sp.

Genus: Rosenscheldia Speg. 1885 accepted as Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not., (1863)

Rosenscheldia horridula Doidge 1921

Ru

Genus: Russula Pers. 1796

Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr. 1863
Russula integra (L.) Fr. 1838
Russula pectinata Fr. 1838,
Russula rubra (Lam.) Fr. 1838

References

^ Doidge 1950, p. 1079.
^ Doidge 1950, p. 1080.
^ Doidge 1950, p. 1081.

Sources

Doidge, Ethel (1950). "Titles of Works, not included in the General bibliography, and Index to Fungi and Lichens". Bothalia. 5 (1). Bothalia : 1030–1094. doi:10.4102/abc.v5i1.1880. Retrieved 29 July 2021 – via journals.abcjournal.aosis.co.za.

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Fungi

Regional taxon checklists and other minor lists
List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay List of marine vertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay List of green seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay List of brown seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay List of red seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay Related: Timber trees of Gauteng

Biodiversity hotspots and Centres of diversity

Ecoregions

List of ecoregions in South Africa

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests	Knysna–Amatole montane forests KwaZulu–Cape coastal forest mosaic Maputaland coastal forest mosaic
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands	Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands Southern Africa bushveld Zambezian and mopane woodlands
Montane grasslands and shrublands	Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests Highveld grasslands Maputaland–Pondoland bushland and thickets
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub	Albany thickets Lowland fynbos and renosterveld Montane fynbos and renosterveld
Deserts and xeric shrublands	Kalahari xeric savanna Nama Karoo Succulent Karoo
Tundra	Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra
Mangroves	Southern Africa mangroves
Marine ecoregions	Agulhas ecoregion Benguela ecoregion Delagoa ecoregion Natal ecoregion Southeast Atlantic ecoregion Southwest Indian ecoregion

Biomes and Vegetation classification

List of vegetation types of South Africa

Savanna	Andesite Mountain Bushveld Aoub Duneveld Barberton Serpentine Sourveld Bhisho Thornveld Cathedral Mopane Bushveld Central Sandy Bushveld Delagoa Lowveld Dwaalboom Thornveld Dwarsberg-Swartruggens Mountain Bushveld Eastern Valley Bushveld Gabbro Grassy Bushveld Gauteng Shale Mountain Bushveld Ghaap Plateau Vaalbosveld Gold Reef Mountain Bushveld Gordonia Duneveld Gordonia Kameeldoring Bushveld Gordonia Plains Shrubland Granite Lowveld Gravelotte Rocky Bushveld Kaalrug Mountain Bushveld Kathu Bushveld Kimberley Thornveld Koranna-Langeberg Mountain Bushveld Kuruman Mountain Bushveld Kuruman Thornveld Kuruman Vaalbosveld KwaZulu-Natal Hinterland Thornveld KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld Lebombo Summit Sourveld Legogote Sour Bushveld Limpopo Ridge Bushveld Limpopo Sweet Bushveld Loskop Mountain Bushveld Loskop Thornveld Lowveld Rugged Mopaneveld Madikwe Dolomite Bushveld Mafikeng Bushveld Makatini Clay Thicket Makhado Sweet Bushveld Makuleke Sandy Bushveld Malelane Mountain Bushveld Mamabolo Mountain Bushveld Marikana Thornveld Molopo Bushveld Moot Plains Bushveld Mopane Basalt Shrubland Mopane Gabbro Shrubland Musina Mopane Bushveld Ngongoni Veld Norite Koppies Bushveld Northern Lebombo Bushveld Northern Zululand Sourveld Nossob Bushveld Nwambyia-Pumbe Sandy Bushveld Ohrigstad Mountain Bushveld Olifantshoek Plains Thornveld Phalaborwa-Timbavati Mopaneveld Pilanesberg Mountain Bushveld Polokwane Plateau Bushveld Postmasburg Thornveld Poung Dolomite Mountain Bushveld Pretoriuskop Sour Bushveld Roodeberg Bushveld Schmidtsdrif Thornveld Schweizer-Reneke Bushveld Sekhukhune Mountain Bushveld Sekhukhune Plains Bushveld South Eastern Coastal Thornveld Southern Lebombo Bushveld Soutpansberg Mountain Bushveld Springbokvlakte Thornveld Stella Bushveld Swaziland Sour Bushveld Tembe Sandy Bushveld Thukela Thornveld Thukela Valley Bushveld Tsende Mopaneveld Tshokwane-Hlane Basalt Lowveld Tzaneen Sour Bushveld Vaalbos Rocky Shrubland VhaVenda Miombo Waterberg Mountain Bushveld Western Maputaland Clay Bushveld Western Maputaland Sandy Bushveld Western Sandy Bushveld Zeerust Thornveld Zululand Coastal Thornveld Zululand Lowveld
Grassland	Aliwal North Dry Grassland Amathole Mistbelt Grassland Amathole Montane Grassland Amersfoort Highveld Clay Grassland Barberton Montane Grassland Basotho Montane Shrubland Bedford Dry Grassland Besemkaree Koppies Shrubland Bloemfontein Dry Grassland Bloemfontein Karroid Shrubland Carletonville Dolomite Grassland Central Free State Grassland Drakensberg Afroalpine Heathland Drakensberg Foothill Moist Grassland Drakensberg-Amathole Afromontane Fynbos East Griqualand Grassland Eastern Free State Clay Grassland Eastern Free State Sandy Grassland Eastern Highveld Grassland Egoli Granite Grassland Frankfort Highveld Grassland Income Sandy Grassland Ithala Quartzite Sourveld KaNgwane Montane Grassland Karoo Escarpment Grassland Klerksdorp Thornveld KwaZulu-Natal Highland Thornveld Leolo Summit Sourveld Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland Low Escarpment Moist Grassland Lydenburg Montane Grassland Lydenburg Thornveld Mabela Sandy Grassland Midlands Mistbelt Grassland Mooi River Highland Grassland Mthatha Moist Grassland Northern Drakensberg Highland Grassland Northern Escarpment Afromontane Fynbos Northern Escarpment Dolomite Grassland Northern Escarpment Quartzite Sourveld Northern Free State Shrubland Northern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland Northern KwaZulu-Natal Shrubland Northern Zululand Mistbelt Grassland Paulpietersburg Moist Grassland Queenstown Thornveld Rand Highveld Grassland Sekhukhune Montane Grassland Senqu Montane Shrubland Southern Drakensberg Highland Grassland Southern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland Soutpansberg Summit Sourveld Soweto Highveld Grassland Steenkampsberg Montane Grassland Stormberg Plateau Grassland Strydpoort Summit Sourveld Tarkastad Montane Shrubland Tsakane Clay Grassland Tsomo Grassland uKhahlamba Basalt Grassland Vaal Reefs Dolomite Sinkhole Woodland Vaal-Vet Sandy Grassland Vredefort Dome Granite Grassland Wakkerstroom Montane Grassland Waterberg-Magaliesberg Summit Sourveld Western Free State Clay Grassland Western Highveld Sandy Grassland Western Lesotho Basalt Shrubland Winburg Grassy Shrubland Wolkberg Dolomite Grassland Woodbush Granite Grassland Xhariep Karroid Grassland Zastron Moist Grassland
Fynbos	Agulhas Limestone Fynbos Agulhas Sand Fynbos Albertinia Sand Fynbos Algoa Sandstone Fynbos Atlantis Sand Fynbos Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos Boland Granite Fynbos Breede Alluvium Fynbos Breede Quartzite Fynbos Breede Sand Fynbos Breede Shale Fynbos Canca Limestone Fynbos Cape Flats Sand Fynbos Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos Central Coastal Shale Band Vegetation Central Inland Shale Band Vegetation De Hoop Limestone Fynbos Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation Eastern Inland Shale Band Vegetation Elgin Shale Fynbos Elim Ferricrete Fynbos Garden Route Granite Fynbos Garden Route Shale Fynbos Graafwater Sandstone Fynbos Greyton Shale Fynbos Grootrivier Quartzite Fynbos Hangklip Sand Fynbos Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos Hopefield Sand Fynbos Kamiesberg Granite Fynbos Kango Conglomerate Fynbos Knysna Sand Fynbos Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos Kouebokkeveld Alluvium Fynbos Kouebokkeveld Shale Fynbos Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos Kouga Sandstone Fynbos Leipoldtville Sand Fynbos Loerie Conglomerate Fynbos Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos Matjiesfontein Quartzite Fynbos Matjiesfontein Shale Fynbos Montagu Shale Fynbos Namaqualand Sand Fynbos North Hex Sandstone Fynbos North Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos North Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos North Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos North Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos North Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos North Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos Northern Inland Shale Band Vegetation Olifants Sandstone Fynbos Overberg Sandstone Fynbos Peninsula Granite Fynbos Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos Piketberg Sandstone Fynbos Potberg Ferricrete Fynbos Potberg Sandstone Fynbos Robertson Granite Fynbos South Hex Sandstone Fynbos South Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos South Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos South Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos South Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos South Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos Southern Cape Dune Fynbos Stinkfonteinberge Quartzite Fynbos Suurberg Quartzite Fynbos Suurberg Shale Fynbos Swartberg Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos Swartberg Shale Fynbos Swartland Alluvium Fynbos Swartruggens Quartzite Fynbos Swellendam Silcrete Fynbos Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos Western Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos Western Coastal Shale Band Vegetation Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos
Renosterveld	Baviaanskloof Shale Renosterveld Breede Alluvium Renosterveld Breede Shale Renosterveld Central Mountain Shale Renosterveld Central Ruêns Shale Renosterveld Ceres Shale Renosterveld Eastern Ruêns Shale Renosterveld Hantam Plateau Dolerite Renosterveld Humansdorp Shale Renosterveld Kango Limestone Renosterveld Langkloof Shale Renosterveld Matjiesfontein Shale Renosterveld Montagu Shale Renosterveld Mossel Bay Shale Renosterveld Namaqualand Granite Renosterveld Nieuwoudtville Shale Renosterveld Nieuwoudtville-Roggeveld Dolerite Renosterveld Peninsula Shale Renosterveld Robertson Granite Renosterveld Roggeveld Shale Renosterveld Ruêns Silcrete Renosterveld Swartberg Shale Renosterveld Swartland Alluvium Renosterveld Swartland Granite Renosterveld Swartland Shale Renosterveld Swartland Silcrete Renosterveld Uniondale Shale Renosterveld Vanrhynsdorp Shale Renosterveld Western Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
Succulent Karoo	Aggeneys Gravel Vygieveld Agter-Sederberg Shrubland Anenous Plateau Shrubland Bushmanland Inselberg Shrubland Central Knersvlakte Vygieveld Central Richtersveld Mountain Shrubland Citrusdal Vygieveld Die Plate Succulent Shrubland Doringrivier Quartzite Karoo Eastern Little Karoo Eenriet Plains Succulent Shrubland Goariep Mountain Succulent Shrubland Hantam Karoo Kamiesberg Mountains Shrubland Klawer Sandy Shrubland Knersvlakte Dolomite Vygieveld Knersvlakte Quartz Vygieveld Knersvlakte Shale Vygieveld Koedoesberge-Moordenaars Karoo Kosiesberg Succulent Shrubland Lekkersing Succulent Shrubland Little Karoo Quartz Vygieveld Namaqualand Arid Grassland Namaqualand Blomveld Namaqualand Coastal Duneveld Namaqualand Heuweltjie Strandveld Namaqualand Heuweltjieveld Namaqualand Inland Duneveld Namaqualand Klipkoppe Shrubland Namaqualand Shale Shrubland Namaqualand Spinescent Grassland Namaqualand Strandveld Northern Knersvlakte Vygieveld Northern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld Northern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld Oograbies Plains Sandy Grassland Piketberg Quartz Succulent Shrubland Platbakkies Succulent Shrubland Prince Albert Succulent Karoo Richtersveld Coastal Duneveld Richtersveld Red Duneveld Richtersveld Sandy Coastal Scorpionstailveld Riethuis-Wallekraal Quartz Vygieveld Robertson Karoo Roggeveld Karoo Rooiberg Quartz Vygieveld Rosyntjieberg Succulent Shrubland Southern Namaqualand Quartzite Klipkoppe Shrubland Southern Richtersveld Inselberg Shrubland Southern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld Southern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld Steytlerville Karoo Stinkfonteinberge Eastern Apron Shrubland Swartruggens Quartzite Karoo Tanqua Escarpment Shrubland Tanqua Karoo Tatasberg Mountain Succulent Shrubland Umdaus Mountains Succulent Shrubland Upper Annisvlakte Succulent Shrubland Vanrhynsdorp Gannabosveld Vyftienmyl se Berge Succulent Shrubland Western Bushmanland Klipveld Western Gwarrieveld Western Little Karoo Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Albany Thicket and Strandveld	Albany Arid Thicket Albany Bontveld Albany Mesic Thicket Albany Valley Thicket Baviaans Valley Thicket Bethelsdorp Bontveld Blombos Strandveld Buffels Mesic Thicket Buffels Valley Thicket Cape Flats Dune Strandveld Crossroads Grassland Thicket Doubledrift Karroid Thicket Eastern Gwarrieveld Elands Forest Thicket Escarpment Arid Thicket Escarpment Mesic Thicket Escarpment Valley Thicket Fish Arid Thicket Fish Mesic Thicket Fish Valley Thicket Gamka Arid Thicket Gamka Valley Thicket Geluk Grassland Thicket Goukamma Dune Thicket Gouritz Valley Thicket Grahamstown Grassland Thicket Grassridge Bontveld Groot Brak Dune Strandveld Hamburg Dune Thicket Hartenbos Dune Thicket Kasouga Dune Thicket Koedoeskloof Karroid Thicket Lambert's Bay Strandveld Langebaan Dune Strandveld Mons Ruber Fynbos Thicket Motherwell Karroid Thicket Nanaga Savanna Thicket Oudshoorn Karroid Thicket Overberg Dune Strandveld Saldanha Flats Strandveld Saldanha Granite Strandveld Saldanha Limestone Strandveld Saltaire Karroid Thicket Sardinia Forest Thicket St Francis Dune Thicket Subtropical Dune Thicket Sundays Arid Thicket Sundays Mesic Thicket Sundays Valley Thicket Thorndale Forest Thicket Umtiza Forest Thicket Vanstadens Forest Thicket Western Gwarrieveld Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Nama Karoo and desert	Albany Broken Veld Blouputs Karroid Thornveld Bushmanland Arid Grassland Bushmanland Basin Shrubland Bushmanland Sandy Grassland Eastern Lower Karoo Eastern Upper Karoo Gamka Karoo Kalahari Karroid Shrubland Lower Gariep Broken Veld Lower Karoo Gwarrieveld Northern Upper Karoo Upper Karoo Hardeveld Western Upper Karoo Alexander Bay Coastal Duneveld Eastern Gariep Plains Desert Eastern Gariep Rocky Desert Helskloof Canyon Desert Kahams Mountain Desert Kwaggarug Mountain Desert Namib Lichen Fields Noms Mountain Desert Northern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert Richtersberg Mountain Desert Richtersveld Sheet Wash Desert Southern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert Western Gariep Hills Desert Western Gariep Lowland Desert Western Gariep Plains Desert
Azonal	Albany Alluvial Vegetation Albany Dune Strandveld Algoa Dune Strandveld Arid Estuarine Salt Marshes Bushmanland Vloere Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes Cape Inland Salt Pans Cape Lowland Alluvial Vegetation Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetlands Cape Seashore Vegetation Cape Vernal Pools Drakensberg Wetlands Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands Fynbos Riparian Vegetation Highveld Alluvial Vegetation Highveld Salt Pans Lesotho Mires Lower Gariep Alluvial Vegetation Muscadel Riviere Namaqualand Riviere Namaqualand Salt Pans Namaqualand Seashore Vegetation Namib Seashore Vegetation Southern Kalahari Mekgacha Southern Kalahari Salt Pans Southern Karoo Riviere Subantarctic Kelp Bed Vegetation Subtropical Alluvial Vegetation Subtropical Dune Thicket Subtropical Estuarine Salt Marshes Subtropical Freshwater Wetlands Subtropical Salt Pans Subtropical Seashore Vegetation Tanqua Wash Riviere Upper Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
Forest and Coastal belt	KwaZulu-Natal Coastal Belt Maputaland Coastal Belt Maputaland Wooded Grassland Pondoland-Natal Sandstone Coastal Sourveld Transkei Coastal Belt Ironwood Dry Forest Lowveld Riverine Forest Mangrove Forest Northern Afrotemperate Forest Northern Coastal Forest Northern Mistbelt Forest Sand Forest Scarp Forest Southern Afrotemperate Forest Southern Coastal Forest Southern Mistbelt Forest Swamp Forest
Subantarctic biome	Subantarctic Biotic Herbfield and Grassland Subantarctic Cinder Cone Vegetation Subantarctic Coastal Vegetation Subantarctic Drainage Line Vegetation Subantarctic Fellfield Subantarctic Fernbrake Vegetation Subantarctic Mire Subantarctic Polar Desert
not on VEGMAP	List of forests of South Africa List of forests of the Eastern Cape Forests of KwaZulu-Natal KwaZulu-Natal Dune Forest KwaZulu-Natal coastal lowland forest List of forests of the Western Cape

Protected areas of South Africa

Index of protected areas of South Africa

South
African
National
Parks

Biosphere
reserves

Marine
protected
areas of
South
Africa

Coastal

Offshore

Management
organisations

Biodiversity research in SA

Research organisations	Animal Demography Unit BirdLife South Africa South African Association for Marine Biological Research South African Environmental Observation Network South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity South African National Biodiversity Institute
Research projects	African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme National Biodiversity Assessment National Vegetation Map Project Reef Atlas Project SeaKeys
Citizen science databases	iNaturalist iSpot Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Virtual Museum
Botanical gardens	Durban Botanic Gardens Free State National Botanical Garden Garden Route Botanical Garden Hantam National Botanical Garden Harold Porter National Botanical Garden Johannesburg Botanical Garden Karoo Desert National Botanical Garden Kwelera National Botanical Garden Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden KwaZulu-Natal National Botanical Garden Lowveld National Botanical Garden Makana Botanical Gardens Manie van der Schijff Botanical Garden North-West University Botanical Garden Pretoria National Botanical Garden Stellenbosch University Botanical Garden Thohoyandou National Botanical Garden University of KwaZulu-Natal Botanical Garden Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden
Taxonomists	List of authors of South African botanical taxa List of authors of South African animal taxa

Regional biodiversity	Biodiversity of Cape Town List of nature reserves in Cape Town
Legislation	Marine Living Resources Act, 18 of 1998 National Environmental Management Act, 1998 National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 10 of 2004 National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act, 24 of 2008 National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, 57 of 2003
Publications	List of field guides to South African biota

Categories: Biodiversity of South Africa
Index

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