Misplaced Pages

There have been 111 papal elections that have produced popes currently recognized by the Catholic Church as legitimate. There was no fixed process for papal succession before 1059 and popes were often selected with substantial secular involvement, if not outright appointment. Since the promulgation of In nomine Domini (1059), however, suffrage has been limited to the College of Cardinals.

Papal elections since 1276 have taken the form of papal conclaves, which are elections that follow a set of rules and procedures developed in Ubi periculum (1274) and later papal bulls; observance of the conclave varied until 1294, but all papal elections since have followed relatively similar conclave procedures.

Although the cardinals have historically gathered at a handful of other locations within Rome and beyond, only five elections since 1455 have been held outside the Apostolic Palace. Twenty-eight papal elections have been held outside Rome, in: Terracina (1088), Cluny (1119), Velletri (1181), Verona (1185), Ferrara (October 1187), Pisa (December 1187), Perugia (1216, 1264–1265, 1285, 1292–1294, 1304–1305), Anagni (1243), Naples (1254, 1294), Viterbo (1261, 1268–1271, July 1276, August–September 1276, 1277, 1281–1282), Arezzo (January 1276), Carpentras/Lyon (1314–1316), Avignon (1334, 1342, 1352, 1362, 1370), Konstanz (1417) and Venice (1799–1800). Three elections moved between locations while in progress: the elections of 1268–1271, 1292–1294, and 1314–1316.

Papal elections

Elections that elected papal claimants currently regarded by the Catholic Church as antipopes are italicized.

See also

• Conclave
• List of living cardinals

Notes

1. Johannes Baptist Sägmüller, "Cardinal" in Catholic Encyclopedia (1913).
2. ^ Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). ""I Will Observe Absolute and Perpetual Secrecy:" The Historical Background of the Rigid Secrecy Found in Papal Elections". Catholic Historical Review. Vol. 89, Issue 2. pp. 165–181.
3. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 19–24.
4. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 24–25.
5. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 25–26.
6. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 26.
7. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 26–27.
8. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 27–28.
9. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 28–29.
10. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 29–31.
11. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 31.
12. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 31–32.
13. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 32–33.
14. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 33.
15. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 33–34.
16. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 34.
17. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 34–35.
18. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 35.
19. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 35–36.
20. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 36.
21. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 36–37.
22. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 37–39.
23. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 40.
24. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 40–41.
25. Walsh, Michael J. (2003). The Conclave. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 8. ISBN 1-58051-135-X.
26. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 41.
27. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 42.
28. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 42–43.
29. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 43.
30. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 43–45.
31. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 45–46.
32. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 47–48.
33. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 48–49.
34. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 49–50.
35. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 50–51.
36. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 51.
37. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 52–53.
38. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 54.
39. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 54–55.
40. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 55-60.
41. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 60–61.
42. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 61.
43. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 62.
44. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 62–63.
45. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 63.
46. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 63–64.
47. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 64–66.
48. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 67.
49. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 68–69.
50. ^ Chambers, DS. 1978. "Papal Conclaves and Prophetic Mystery in the Sistine Chapel". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Vol. 41: pp. 322–326
51. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 69.
52. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 70.
53. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 71–73.
54. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 73–77.
55. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 77–79.
56. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 79–81.
57. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 81–83.
58. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 84–85.
59. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 86–89.
60. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 89.
61. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 91–93.
62. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 95–98.
63. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 98-101.
64. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 102–103.
65. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 104–110.
66. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 111–112.
67. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 112–113.
68. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 116–120.
69. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 121–123.
70. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 125–126.
71. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 127–130.
72. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 132–134.
73. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 134–135.
74. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 136.
75. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 136–138.
76. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 139–142.
77. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 142.
78. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 143–145.
79. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 147–149.
80. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 153–154.
81. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 155–157.
82. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 157–159.
83. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 159–161.
84. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 161–162.
85. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 163–164.
86. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 164–166.
87. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 167.
88. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 168–170.
89. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 170–171.
90. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 171–173.
91. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 173–175.
92. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 175–176.
93. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 176–178.
94. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 179–180.
95. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 182–184.
96. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 186–187.
97. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 188–189.
98. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 189–190.
99. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 191–193.
100. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 195–199.
101. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 201–204.
102. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 206–208.
103. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 209–210.
104. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 212–213.
105. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 215–218.
106. Baumgartner, 2003, p. 219–222.
107. ^ Baumgartner, 2003, p. 223–227.
108. Greeley, Andrew M. 2005. The Making of the Pope: 2005. Brown, Little. ISBN 0-316-86149-9.
109. Lyman, Eric J. (1 March 2013). "Vatican summons cardinals for conclave". USA Today. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
110. "Argentine Cardinal Bergoglio elected pope, takes name Francis". 13 March 2013.

References

• Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-29463-8.

• Definitions from Wiktionary
• Media from Commons
• News from Wikinews
• Quotations from Wikiquote
• Texts from Wikisource
• Textbooks from Wikibooks
• Resources from Wikiversity
• Data from Wikidata

• Election of the Pope
• Papal elections
• History of the papacy
• Lists of elections
• Lists of papal conclaves