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Sovereign states
A
Aceh - Sultanate of Aceh
Ahom - Ahom Kingdom- Algiers - Sultanate of Algiers
Andorra - Principality of Andorra
Ankole - Kingdom of Ankole- Anziku - Anziku Kingdom
Aragon - Kingdom of Aragon- Arakan - Kingdom of Arakan
Asahan - Sultanate of Asahan
Ayutthaya - Kingdom of Ayutthaya
B
- Bacan - Sultanate of Bacan
- Badakhshan - Khanate of Badakhshan
- Badung - Kingdom of Badung
Bamberg - Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg- Bamoun - Bamoun Sultanate
- Bangkalan - State of Bangkalan
- Banjarmasin - Sultanate of Banjarmasin
- Banten - Sultanate of Banten
Basel - Prince-Bishopric of Basel- Bemba - Bemba Kingdom
Benin - Benin Empire- Bhadgaon - Kingdom of Bhadgaon
- Bhutan - Bhutan
- Bijapur - Bijapur Sultanate
- Bijayapur - Bijayapur Kingdom
Bila - Bila Sultanate- Bima - Sultanate of Bima
- Bone - Sultanate of Bone
Brunei - Sultanate of Brunei
Buganda - Kingdom of Buganda
Bukhara - Khanate of Bukhara- Buleleng - Kingdom of Buleleng
Bunyoro - Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara- Burma - Kingdom of Burma
- Burundi - Kingdom of Burundi
- Buton - Sultanate of Buton
- Butua - Kingdom of Butua
C
- Cambodia - Kingdom of Cambodia
- Catalonia - Principality of Catalonia
- China - Great Qing Empire
- Chitradurga - Chitradurga Nayak Kingdom
- Chitral - Kingdom of Chitral under the Katoor Dynasty
- Cianjur - State of Cianjur
- Cirebon - Sultanate of Cirebon
Cospaia - Republic of Cospaia
Cossack Hetmanate - Zaporizhian Host
Crimea - Crimean Khanate
D
- Dahomey - Kingdom of Dahomey
- Dauro - Kingdom of Dauro
- Dendi - Kingdom of Dendi
Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark and Norway
Dutch Republic - Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
E
England, Scotland and Ireland - Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (to May 8, 1660)- Ennarea - Kingdom of Ennarea
- Ethiopia - Empire of Ethiopia
F
France - Kingdom of France
G
- Garo - Kingdom of Garo
Geneva - Republic of Geneva
Genoa - Most Serene Republic of Genoa- Gianyar - Kingdom of Gianyar
- Golconda - Golconda Sultanate
- Gorkha - Kingdom of Gorkha
- Gowa - Sultanate of Gowa
Great Britain/Union of Crowns (from May 8, 1660)
H
- Harar - Sultanate of Harar
Holy Roman Empire - Holy Roman Empire
Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary
Hunza - Principality of Hunza
I
- Imereti - Kingdom of Imereti
Ireland - Kingdom of Ireland (from May 8, 1660)- Itza - Kingdom of the Itza Maya
J
Jambi - Sultanate of Jambi- Janjero - Kingdom of Janjero
- Japan - Tokugawa shogunate
- Jaxa
- Jimma - Kingdom of Jimma
Johor-Riau - Sultanate of Johor-Riau
K
- Kaffa - Kingdom of Kaffa
Kakheti - Kingdom of Kakheti
Kalat - Khanate of Kalat- Kampong Raja - Sultanate of Kampong Raja
- Karagwe - Kingdom of Karagwe
- Kartli - Kingdom of Kartli
- Kashgar - Khanate of Kashgar
Kathmandu - Kingdom of Kathmandu- Kazakh Khanate - Kazakh Khanate
Kedah - Negeri Kedah Darul Aman (to September)- Keladi - Keladi Nayaka Kingdom
Khiva - Khanate of Khiva
Klungkung - Kingdom of Klungkung
Kongo - Kingdom of Kongo- Konta - Kingdom of Konta
- Korea - Kingdom of Joseon
Kota Pinang - Sultanate of Kota Pinang
L
- Ladakh - Kingdom of Ladakh
Lan Xang - Kingdom of Lan Xang
Landak - State of Landak- Limbangan - State of Limbangan (from 1660)
- Loango - Kingdom of Loango
- Luba - Luba Empire
- Lucca - Republic of Lucca
- Lunda - Lunda Kingdom
- Luwu - Kingdom of Luwu
M
- Madurai - Madurai Nayak Kingdom
Mainz - Archbishopric of Mainz- Majeerteen - Sultanate of Majeerteen
Malta - Order of Saint John- Mandara - Mandara Kingdom
Mantua - Duchy of Mantua- Mataram - Mataram Sultanate
Milan - Duchy of Milan- Minangkabau - Minangkabau Kingdom
- Mindanao - Sultanate of Maguindanao
- Mingrelia - Principality of Mingrelia
- Modena - Duchy of Modena and Reggio
- Mogadishu - Sultanate of Mogadishu
- Moldavia - Principality of Moldavia
- Mongolia - Mongolian Empire
Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco (from 1666)- Mrauk U - Kingdom of Mrauk U
Mughal Empire - Mughal Empire
Muscat - Sultanate of Muscat
Mustang - Kingdom of Mustang
Mutapa - Kingdom of Mutapa
Mysore - Kingdom of Mysore
N
- Nagar - Principality of Nagar
- Naning - State of Naning
Naples - Kingdom of Naples
Norway - Kingdom of Norway (Province of Denmark, nominally in personal union)
O
Ottoman Empire - Ottoman Empire- Oyo - Oyo Empire
P
Pahang - Negeri Pahang Darul Makmur- Palembang - Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam
Papal States - States of the Church- Papekat - Sultanate of Papekat (from 1660)
Parma - Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
Passau - Bishopric of Passau- Patan - Kingdom of Patan
- Pattani Kingdom - Sultanate of Pattani and Kelantan
Perak - Negeri Perak Darur Ridzwan
Persia - Persian Empire- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Portugal - Kingdom of Portugal
Prussia - Duchy of Prussia
R
- Ragusa - Republic of Ragusa
- Rapa Nui - Kingdom of Rapa Nui
- Rembau - State of Rembau
Russia - Tsardom of Russia- Rwanda - Kingdom of Rwanda
S
Sambas - Sultanate of Sambas
Salé - Republic of Salé- Samoa - Kingdom of Samoa
San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino- Sanggau - Sultanate of Sanggau
Sardinia - Kingdom of Sardinia
Savoy - Duchy of Savoy- Sekadau - Sultanate of Sekadau
- Selambau - State of Selambau
- Sheka - Kingdom of Sheka
Sicily - Kingdom of Sicily- Sikkim - Kingdom of Sikkim
- Soppeng - Kingdom of Soppeng
- Southern Ming - Great Ming Empire
Spain - Kingdom of Spain
Stavelot-Malmedy - Imperial Abbey of Stavelot and Malmedy- Sukapura - State of Sukapura
- Sukadana - Sultanate of Sukadana
- Sulu - Sultanate of Sulu
- Sumbawa - Sultanate of Sumbawa
- Sumedang - State of Sumedang
- Sumenep - State of Sumenep
Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden
Switzerland - Swiss Confederacy
T
- Tallo - Sultanate of Tallo
- Tanette - State of Tanette
- Ternate - Sultanate of Ternate
- Thanjavur - Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom
- Tibet - Kingdom of Tibet
- Tidore - Sultanate of Tidore
- Tonga - Tu'i Tonga
- Tonkin - Great Viet Realm
Transylvania - Principality of Transylvania- Tuggurt - Sultanate of Tuggurt
- Turpan - Khanate of Turpan
Tuscany - Grand Duchy of Tuscany
V
- Valencia - Kingdom of Valencia
Venice - Most Serene Republic of Venice- Viet Nam (Dai Viet) - Later Le Dynasty
W
Non-sovereign territories
England
Notes
- Philip IV had the title of "King of Spain", but actually ruled over a dynastic union consisting of the Crown of Aragon (Aragon, Valencia, Barcelona, Mallorca, Naples, Sardinia, and Sicily) and the Crown of Castile (Castile and León). Spain did not have a national flag in 1660.
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