Misplaced Pages

South African power grid as of 2022

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• GPX (all coordinates)
• GPX (primary coordinates)
• GPX (secondary coordinates)

South Africa produced around 245,000 GWh of electricity in 2021. Most of this electricity is produced using coal and is consumed domestically. In 2022, 12,300 GWh were exported to Eswatini, Botswana, Mozambique, Lesotho, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and other countries participating in the Southern African Power Pool. In 2022, South Africa imported 10,800 GWh from the Cahora Bassa Hydroelectric Power Station in Mozambique via the 1,920 MW Cahora Bassa (HDVC) Power Transmission System.

Most power stations in South Africa are owned and operated by the state owned enterprise, Eskom. These plants account for 80% of all the electricity produced in South Africa and 45% of all electricity produced on the African continent. In terms of share of GDP in 2012, South Africa was the 4th largest investor in renewable power in the world after Uruguay, Mauritius and Costa Rica.

The following is a list of electricity generating facilities within South Africa that are larger than 1 MW capacity. It only contains currently operational facilities and facilities under construction. The net power output in megawatts is listed, i.e. the maximum power the power station can deliver to the grid.

For notable facilities that are not operating or have been decommissioned, see List of decommissioned power stations in South Africa.

Coal

South Africa is the seventh biggest coal producer in the world and has rich coal deposits concentrated in the north-east of the country and as such the majority of South Africa's coal-fired plants are located in the Mpumalanga province. Around 81% of South Africa's energy needs are directly derived from coal and 81% of all coal consumed domestically goes towards electricity production. Historically this has given South Africa access to cheap electricity, but it is also one of the leading reasons that the country is in the top 20 list of carbon dioxide emitting countries.

• Arnot Power Station
• Lethabo Power Station
• Matimba Power Station
• Kelvin Power Station
• Medupi Power Station
• Kusile Power Station

Open cycle gas turbine (OCGT)

Natural gas

Pumped storage

For a more complete list of hydro power stations from large to pico size, see the African hydropower database.

Hydroelectricity

For a more complete list of hydro power stations from large to pico size, see the African hydropower database.

Nuclear

The two reactors at Koeberg are (as of 2017) the only commercial nuclear power plants on the African continent, and account for around 5% of South Africa's electricity production. Low and intermediate waste is disposed of at Vaalputs Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility in the Northern Cape.

Wind power

• Klipheuwel Wind Farm, Western Cape
• Turbines at the Jeffreys Bay Wind Farm next to the N2
• Van Stadens Wind Farm, Eastern Cape, seen from Aston Bay
• Part of the Cookhouse Wind Farms (Eastern Cape) seen from the N10
• Gouda Wind Farm just outside the town of Gouda, Western Cape

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• GPX (all coordinates)
• GPX (primary coordinates)
• GPX (secondary coordinates)

As of 2023, South Africa has 37 operating wind farms with a total installed capacity of about 3,560 MW.

The Department of Energy (DOE) implemented the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP). This is a tender process consisting of "rounds" where the cheapest tariff and most competitive Economic Development score is awarded a 20-year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with Eskom (the state-owned utility) as the Off-taker. The National Treasury has fully underwritten the PPAs. The South African Department of Energy allocated 634 MW of wind capacity in bid window 1.

In bid window 2, 562.5 MW capacity was allocated. In bid window 3, 787 MW were allocated. In bid window 4, 676 MW was awarded. In bid window 4 (additional), 687 MW was added.

Concentrated solar power

Concentrated solar power uses molten salt energy storage in a tower or trough configurations.

The South African Department of Energy allocated 150 MW of concentrated solar power (CSP) capacity in the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme – bid window 1. In the Renewable Energy IPP Procurement Programme: window 2, a capacity of 50 MW was allocated In the Renewable Energy IPP Procurement Programme: window 3, a capacity of 200 MW was allocated. In an additional bid allocation, bid window 3.5, a further 200 MW was allocated.

Solar photovoltaic

The South African Department of Energy allocated 631.53 MW of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity in the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme – bid window 1. In the Renewable Energy IPP Procurement Programme bid window 2, a capacity of 417.1 MW was allocated. In bid window 3, 435 MW was awarded. In bid window 4, 415 MW was awarded. In bid window 4(+), 398 MW was added.

Hybrid power

Landfill gas power

Biomass power

See also

• List of decommissioned power stations in South Africa
• Department of Energy (South Africa)
• Fossil-fuel power plant
• Renewable energy in Africa
• Energy in South Africa

External links

• Department of Energy Data Portal

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External links

• nersa.org.za/ – National Energy Regulator
• Enipedia – South Africa/Powerplants
• Energy Blog – Renewable Energy Power Plants Database

v t e Economy of South Africa
By province	Western Cape Gauteng
Natural resources	Mining industry Coal Agriculture Whaling
Industry	Automotive industry
Services	Banks Gambling Tourism Ecotourism LGBT tourism Telecommunications Nuclear power Power stations
Economic history	Mineral Revolution Witwatersrand Gold Rush Great Depression Disinvestment
Affirmative action	Black Economic Empowerment Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Qualifying Small Enterprises Scorecard Exempted Micro Enterprises
Macroeconomics	National Treasury Taxation South African rand Reserve Bank Consumer price index Provinces by HDI Foreign trade
Misc.	Corruption Companies JSE Limited Traded companies Krugerrand State-owned enterprises National Budget of South Africa National debt Trade unions

v t e Electricity delivery
Concepts	Automatic generation control Backfeeding Base load Demand factor Droop speed control Electric power Electric power quality Electrical fault Energy demand management Energy return on investment Grid code Grid energy storage Grid strength Home energy storage Load-following Merit order Nameplate capacity Peak demand Power factor Power-flow study Repowering Utility frequency Variability Vehicle-to-grid
Sources	Non-renewable Fossil fuel power station Coal Natural gas Oil shale Petroleum Nuclear Renewable Biofuel Biogas Biomass Geothermal Hydro Marine Current Osmotic Thermal Tidal Wave Solar Sustainable biofuel Wind
Generation	AC power Cogeneration Combined cycle Cooling tower Induction generator Micro CHP Microgeneration Rankine cycle Three-phase electric power Virtual power plant
Transmission and distribution	Demand response Distributed generation Dynamic demand Electric power distribution Electric power system Electric power transmission Electrical busbar system Electrical grid Electrical substation Electricity retailing High-voltage direct current High-voltage shore connection Interconnector Load management Mains electricity by country Overhead power line Power station Pumped hydro Single-wire earth return Smart grid Super grid Transformer Transmission system operator (TSO) Transmission tower Utility pole
Failure modes	Black start Brownout Cascading failure Power outage Rolling blackout
Protective devices	Arc-fault circuit interrupter Circuit breaker Earth-leakage Sulfur hexafluoride Generator interlock kit Numerical relay Power system protection Protective relay Residual-current device (GFI)
Economics and policies	Availability factor Capacity factor Carbon offsets and credits Cost of electricity by source Energy subsidies Environmental tax Feed-in tariff Fossil fuel phase-out Load factor Net metering Pigouvian tax Renewable Energy Certificates Renewable energy commercialization Renewable Energy Payments Spark/Dark/Quark/Bark spread
Statistics and production	Electric energy consumption List of electricity sectors
Category

v t e Hydropower
Hydroelectricity generation	Dam List of conventional hydroelectric power stations Pumped-storage hydroelectricity Small hydro Micro hydro Pico hydro Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity equipment	Francis turbine Kaplan turbine Tyson turbine Gorlov helical turbine Pelton wheel Turgo turbine Cross-flow turbine Water wheel

• Power stations in South Africa
• Lists of buildings and structures in South Africa
• Lists of power stations by country