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Isotopes of mercury

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Isotopes of mercury (80Hg)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
Hg synth 444 y ε Au
Hg synth 9.9 h β Au
Hg 0.15% stable
Hg synth 64.14 h ε Au
Hg 10.0% stable
Hg 16.9% stable
Hg 23.1% stable
Hg 13.2% stable
Hg 29.7% stable
Hg synth 46.612 d β Tl
Hg 6.82% stable
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Hg)

There are seven stable isotopes of mercury (80Hg) with Hg being the most abundant (29.86%). The longest-lived radioisotopes are Hg with a half-life of 444 years, and Hg with a half-life of 46.612 days. Most of the remaining 40 radioisotopes have half-lives that are less than a day. Hg and Hg are the most often studied NMR-active nuclei, having spin quantum numbers of 1/2 and 3/2 respectively. All isotopes of mercury are either radioactive or observationally stable, meaning that they are predicted to be radioactive but no actual decay has been observed. These isotopes are predicted to undergo either alpha decay or double beta decay.

List of isotopes

Nuclide
Z N Isotopic mass (Da)
Half-life
Decay
mode

Daughter
isotope

Spin and
parity
Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Excitation energy Normal proportion Range of variation
Hg 80 90 170.00581(32)# 310(250) μs α Pt 0+
Hg 80 91 171.00359(33)# 70(30) μs α Pt 3/2−#
Hg 80 92 171.99886(16) 231(9) μs α Pt 0+
Hg 80 93 172.99714(22)# 800(80) μs α Pt (7/2−)
Hg 80 94 173.992871(21) 2.0(4) ms α Pt 0+
Hg 80 95 174.99144(9) 10.2(3) ms α Pt (7/2−)
Hg 494(2) keV 340(30) ns IT Hg (13/2+)
Hg 80 96 175.987349(12) 20.3(14) ms α (90%) Pt 0+
β (10%) Au
Hg 80 97 176.98628(9) 117(7) ms α Pt 7/2−
Hg 323.2(13) keV 1.50(15) μs IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 80 98 177.982485(12) 266.5(24) ms α (89%) Pt 0+
β (11%) Au
Hg 80 99 178.98182(3) 1.05(3) s α (75%) Pt 7/2−
β (25%) Au
β, p (0.15%) Pt
Hg 171.4(4) keV 6.4(9) μs IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 80 100 179.978260(14) 2.59(1) s β (52%) Au 0+
α (48%) Pt
Hg 80 101 180.977819(17) 3.6(1) s β (73%) Au 1/2−
α (27%) Pt
β, p (0.014%) Pt
β, α (9×10%) Ir
Hg 210(50) keV 480(20) μs IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 80 102 181.974689(11) 10.83(6) s β (86.2%) Au 0+
α (13.8%) Pt
β, p (<1×10%) Pt
Hg 80 103 182.974445(8) 9.4(7) s β (88.3%) Au 1/2−
α (11.7%) Pt
β, p (2.6×10%) Pt
Hg 204(14) keV >5# μs 13/2+#
Hg 80 104 183.971718(10) 30.87(26) s β (98.89%) Au 0+
α (1.11%) Pt
Hg 80 105 184.971891(15) 49.1(10) s β (94%) Au 1/2−
α (6%) Pt
Hg 103.7(4) keV 21.6(15) s IT (54%) Hg 13/2+
β (46%) Au
α (0.03%) Pt
Hg 80 106 185.969362(13) 1.38(6) min β (99.98%) Au 0+
α (0.016%) Pt
Hg 2217.3(4) keV 82(5) μs IT Hg (8−)
Hg 80 107 186.969814(14) 1.9(3) min β Au 3/2−
Hg 58(14) keV 2.4(3) min β Au 13/2+
Hg 80 108 187.967581(7) 3.25(15) min β Au 0+
α (3.7×10%) Pt
Hg 2724.1(4) keV 142(14) ns IT Hg 12+
Hg 80 109 188.96819(3) 7.6(2) min β Au 3/2−
Hg 80(30) keV 8.6(2) min β Au 13/2+
Hg 80 110 189.966322(17) 20.0(5) min β Au 0+
Hg 80 111 190.967158(24) 49(10) min β Au 3/2−
Hg 128(22) keV 50.8(15) min β Au 13/2+
Hg 80 112 191.965634(17) 4.85(20) h EC Au 0+
Hg 80 113 192.966653(17) 3.80(15) h β Au 3/2−
Hg 140.76(5) keV 11.8(2) h β (92.8%) Au 13/2+
IT (7.2%) Hg
Hg 80 114 193.965449(3) 447(28) y EC Au 0+
Hg 80 115 194.966706(25) 10.69(16) h β Au 1/2−
Hg 176.07(4) keV 41.60(19) h IT (54.2%) Hg 13/2+
β (45.8%) Au
Hg 80 116 195.965833(3) Observationally Stable 0+ 0.0015(1)
Hg 80 117 196.967214(3) 64.93(7) h EC Au 1/2−
Hg 298.93(8) keV 23.82(4) h IT (94.68%) Hg 13/2+
EC (5.32%) Au
Hg 80 118 197.9667692(5) Observationally Stable 0+ 0.1004(3)
Hg 80 119 198.9682810(6) Observationally Stable 1/2− 0.1694(12)
Hg 532.48(10) keV 42.67(9) min IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 80 120 199.9683269(6) Observationally Stable 0+ 0.2314(9)
Hg 80 121 200.9703031(8) Observationally Stable 3/2− 0.1317(9)
Hg 766.22(15) keV 94.0(20) μs IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 80 122 201.9706436(8) Observationally Stable 0+ 0.2974(13)
Hg 80 123 202.9728724(18) 46.610(10) d β Tl 5/2−
Hg 933.14(23) keV 22.1(10) μs IT Hg (13/2+)
Hg 8281.3(5) keV 146(30) ns IT Hg (53/2+)
Hg 80 124 203.9734940(5) Observationally Stable 0+ 0.0682(4)
Hg 7226.08(17) keV ~485 ns IT Hg 22+
Hg 80 125 204.976073(4) 5.14(9) min β Tl 1/2−
Hg 1556.4(3) keV 1.09(4) ms IT Hg 13/2+
Hg 3316.6(8) keV 5.89(18) μs IT Hg (23/2−)
Hg 80 126 205.977514(22) 8.32(7) min β Tl 0+ Trace
Hg 2102.4(3) keV 2.088(17) μs IT Hg 5−
Hg 3722.3(10) keV 106(3) ns IT Hg (10+)
Hg 80 127 206.98230(3) 2.9(2) min β Tl 9/2+
Hg 80 128 207.98576(3) 135(10) s β Tl 0+
Hg 1338(24) keV 99(14) ns IT Hg (8+)
Hg 80 129 208.99076(16)# 6.3(11) s β Tl 9/2+#
Hg 80 130 209.99431(22)# 64(12) s β (97.8%) Tl 0+
β, n (2.2%) Tl
Hg 663(2) keV 2.1(7) μs IT Hg (3−)
Hg 1406(23) keV 2(1) μs IT Hg 8+#
Hg 80 131 210.99958(22)# 26.4(81) s β (93.7%) Tl 9/2+#
β, n (6.3%) Tl
Hg 80 132 212.00324(32)# 30# s
0+
Hg 80 133 213.00880(32)# 15# s
9/2+#
Hg 80 134 214.01264(43)# 8# s
0+
Hg 80 135 215.01837(43)# 600# ms
9/2+#
Hg 80 136 216.02246(43)# 2# s
0+
This table header & footer:
  1. Hg – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. ^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  5. Modes of decay:
    EC: Electron capture
    IT: Isomeric transition
  6. Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  7. ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  8. Believed to undergo ββ decay to Pt with a half-life over 2.5×10 years; also theorized to undergo α decay to Pt
  9. Believed to undergo α decay to Pt
  10. Believed to undergo α decay to Pt
  11. Believed to undergo α decay to Pt
  12. Believed to undergo α decay to Pt
  13. Believed to undergo α decay to Pt
  14. Believed to undergo ββ decay to Pb
  15. Intermediate decay product of U

References

  1. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.
  3. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  4. Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
Isotopes of the chemical elements
Group 1 2   3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Period Hydrogen and
alkali metals
Alkaline
earth metals
Pnicto­gens Chal­co­gens Halo­gens Noble gases
Isotopes § ListH1 Isotopes § ListHe2
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Isotopes § ListNa11 Isotopes § ListMg12 Isotopes § ListAl13 Isotopes § ListSi14 Isotopes § ListP15 Isotopes § ListS16 Isotopes § ListCl17 Isotopes § ListAr18
Isotopes § ListK19 Isotopes § ListCa20 Isotopes § ListSc21 Isotopes § ListTi22 Isotopes § ListV23 Isotopes § ListCr24 Isotopes § ListMn25 Isotopes § ListFe26 Isotopes § ListCo27 Isotopes § ListNi28 Isotopes § ListCu29 Isotopes § ListZn30 Isotopes § ListGa31 Isotopes § ListGe32 Isotopes § ListAs33 Isotopes § ListSe34 Isotopes § ListBr35 Isotopes § ListKr36
Isotopes § ListRb37 Isotopes § ListSr38 Isotopes § ListY39 Isotopes § ListZr40 Isotopes § ListNb41 Isotopes § ListMo42 Isotopes § ListTc43 Isotopes § ListRu44 Isotopes § ListRh45 Isotopes § ListPd46 Isotopes § ListAg47 Isotopes § ListCd48 Isotopes § ListIn49 Isotopes § ListSn50 Isotopes § ListSb51 Isotopes § ListTe52 Isotopes § ListI53 Isotopes § ListXe54
Isotopes § ListCs55 Isotopes § ListBa56 1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLu71 Isotopes § ListHf72 Isotopes § ListTa73 Isotopes § ListW74 Isotopes § ListRe75 Isotopes § ListOs76 Isotopes § ListIr77 Isotopes § ListPt78 Isotopes § ListAu79 Isotopes § ListHg80 Isotopes § ListTl81 Isotopes § ListPb82 Isotopes § ListBi83 Isotopes § ListPo84 Isotopes § ListAt85 Isotopes § ListRn86
Isotopes § ListFr87 Isotopes § ListRa88 1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLr103 Isotopes § ListRf104 Isotopes § ListDb105 Isotopes § ListSg106 Isotopes § ListBh107 Isotopes § ListHs108 Isotopes § ListMt109 Isotopes § ListDs110 Isotopes § ListRg111 Isotopes § ListCn112 Isotopes § ListNh113 Isotopes § ListFl114 Isotopes § ListMc115 Isotopes § ListLv116 Isotopes § ListTs117 Isotopes § ListOg118
Isotopes § ListUue119 Isotopes § ListUbn120
1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLa57 Isotopes § ListCe58 Isotopes § ListPr59 Isotopes § ListNd60 Isotopes § ListPm61 Isotopes § ListSm62 Isotopes § ListEu63 Isotopes § ListGd64 Isotopes § ListTb65 Isotopes § ListDy66 Isotopes § ListHo67 Isotopes § ListEr68 Isotopes § ListTm69 Isotopes § ListYb70  
1 asterisk Isotopes § ListAc89 Isotopes § ListTh90 Isotopes § ListPa91 Isotopes § ListU92 Isotopes § ListNp93 Isotopes § ListPu94 Isotopes § ListAm95 Isotopes § ListCm96 Isotopes § ListBk97 Isotopes § ListCf98 Isotopes § ListEs99 Isotopes § ListFm100 Isotopes § ListMd101 Isotopes § ListNo102
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