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miR-33a
Conserved secondary structure of miR-33a microRNA precursor
Identifiers
Symbol	miR-33a
Alt. Symbols	mir33a
Rfam	RF00667
miRBase	MI0000091
miRBase family	MIPF0000070
NCBI Gene	407039
HGNC	31634
Other data
RNA type	miRNA
Domain(s)	Metazoa
GO	0035195
SO	0001244
Locus	Chr. 22 q13.2
PDB structures	PDBe

miR-33 is a family of microRNA precursors, which are processed by the Dicer enzyme to give mature microRNAs. miR-33 is found in several animal species, including humans. In some species there is a single member of this family which gives the mature product mir-33. In humans there are two members of this family called mir-33a and mir-33b, which are located in intronic regions within two protein-coding genes for Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP-2 and SREBP-1) respectively.

Function

miR-33 plays a role in lipid metabolism; it downregulates a number of ABC transporters, including ABCA1 and ABCG1, which in turn regulate cholesterol and HDL generation. Further related roles of miR-33 have been proposed in fatty acid degradation and in macrophage response to low-density lipoprotein. It has been suggested that miR-33a and miR-33b regulates genes Involved in fatty acid metabolism and insulin signalling.

Potential binding sites for mir-33 have been identified in the cDNA of tumour suppressor p53. Further, study has shown that miR-33 is able to repress p53 expression and p53-induced apoptosis. This function is thought to be related to hematopoietic stem cell renewal.

Applications

miR-33, along with miR-122, could be used to diagnose or treat conditions related to metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease.

References

1. Ambros V (2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–826. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458. S2CID 14574186.
2. ^ Najafi-Shoushtari SH (Jun 2011). "MicroRNAs in cardiometabolic disease". Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 13 (3): 202–7. doi:10.1007/s11883-011-0179-y. PMID 21461683. S2CID 22595987.
3. Fernández-Hernando C, Suárez, Y, Rayner, KJ, Moore, KJ (Apr 2011). "MicroRNAs in lipid metabolism". Current Opinion in Lipidology. 22 (2): 86–92. doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283428d9d. PMC 3096067. PMID 21178770.
4. Moore KJ, Rayner, KJ, Suárez, Y, Fernández-Hernando, C (Dec 2010). "microRNAs and cholesterol metabolism". Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 21 (12): 699–706. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.008. PMC 2991595. PMID 20880716.
5. Dávalos A, Goedeke L, Smibert P, et al. (May 2011). "miR-33a/b contribute to the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and insulin signaling". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (22): 9232–7. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108.9232D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1102281108. PMC 3107310. PMID 21576456.
6. Herrera-Merchan A, Cerrato, C, Luengo, G, Dominguez, O, Piris, MA, Serrano, M, Gonzalez, S (Aug 15, 2010). "miR-33-mediated downregulation of p53 controls hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal". Cell Cycle. 9 (16): 3277–85. doi:10.4161/cc.9.16.12598. PMID 20703086.
7. Fuster JJ, Andrés, V (Sep 1, 2010). "A role for miR-33 in p53 regulation: New perspectives for hematopoietic stem cell research". Cell Cycle. 9 (17): 3397–8. doi:10.4161/cc.9.17.13070. PMID 20861665. S2CID 2260421.
8. Najafi-Shoushtari SH, Kristo, F, Li, Y, Shioda, T, Cohen, DE, Gerszten, RE, Näär, AM (Jun 18, 2010). "MicroRNA-33 and the SREBP host genes cooperate to control cholesterol homeostasis". Science. 328 (5985): 1566–9. Bibcode:2010Sci...328.1566N. doi:10.1126/science.1189123. PMC 3840500. PMID 20466882.

External links

• Page for microRNA mir-33 at Rfam

• Genes on human chromosome 22
• Rfam pages needing a picture
• Genes on human chromosome 17
• MicroRNA