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The Missionaries of Charity (Latin: Congregatio Missionariarum a Caritate) is a Catholic centralised religious institute of consecrated life of Pontifical Right for women established in 1950 by Mother Teresa, now known in the Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta. As of 2023, it consisted of 5,750 members of religious sisters. Members of the order designate their affiliation using the order's initials, "M.C.". A member of the congregation must adhere to the vows of chastity, poverty, obedience, and the fourth vow, to give "wholehearted free service to the poorest of the poor." Today, the order consists of both contemplative and active branches in several countries.

Missionaries care for those who include refugees, former prostitutes, the mentally ill, sick children, abandoned children, lepers, people with AIDS, the aged, and convalescent. They have schools that are run by volunteers to teach abandoned street children and run soup kitchens as well as other services according to the community needs. These services are provided, without charge, to people regardless of their religion or social status.

History

On October 7, 1950, Mother Teresa and the small community formed by her former pupils was labelled as the Diocesan Congregation of the Calcutta Diocese, and thus received the permission from the Diocese of Calcutta to identify as a Catholic organization. Their mission was to care for (in Mother Teresa's words) "the hungry, the naked, the homeless, the crippled, the blind, the lepers, all those people who feel unwanted, unloved, uncared for throughout society, people that have become a burden to the society and are shunned by everyone." It began as a small community with 12 members in Calcutta (now Kolkata), and in 2023 had 5,750 members serving in 139 countries in 760 homes, with 244 of these homes in India. The sisters run orphanages, homes for those dying of AIDS, charity centres worldwide, and care for refugees, the blind, disabled, aged, alcoholics, the poor and homeless and victims of floods, epidemics and famine in Asia, Africa, Latin America, North America, Europe and Australia. They have 19 homes in Kolkata (Calcutta) alone which include homes for women, orphaned children and homes for the dying; a school for street children, and a leper colony.

In 1963, Brother Andrew (formerly Ian Travers-Ballan) founded the Missionary Brothers of Charity in Australia along with Mother Teresa.

In 1965, by granting a Decree of Praise, Pope Paul VI granted Mother Teresa's request to expand her congregation to other countries. The Congregation started to grow rapidly, with new homes opening all over the globe. The congregation's first house outside India was in Venezuela, others followed in Rome and Tanzania and worldwide.

In 1979 the contemplative branch of the Brothers was added and in 1984 a priest branch, the Missionaries of Charity Fathers, was founded by Mother Teresa with Fr. Joseph Langford, combining the vocation of the Missionaries of Charity with the Ministerial Priesthood. As with the Sisters, the Fathers live a very simple lifestyle without television, radios or items of convenience. They neither smoke nor drink alcohol and beg for their food. They make a visit to their families every five years but do not take annual holidays. Lay Catholics and non-Catholics constitute the Co-Workers of Mother Teresa, the Sick and Suffering Co-Workers, and the Lay Missionaries of Charity.

The first home of the Missionaries of Charity in the United States was established in the South Bronx, New York, where in 2019 they had convents for both their active and contemplative branches, and had placed 108 sisters in their province that stretches from Quebec to Washington, DC. Their first rural mission in the United States, in 1982, was in one of the poorest, former coal mining areas of Kentucky, where they still serve. In the US, the Missionaries of Charity are affiliated with the Council of Major Superiors of Women Religious, a body of female religious, representing 20% of American religious sisters. They are identified by the wearing of religious habits, and loyalty to church teaching. By 1996, the organisation was operating 517 missions in more than 100 countries.

In 1990, Mother Teresa asked to resign as head of the Missionaries but was soon voted back in as Superior General. On March 13, 1997, six months before Mother Teresa's death, Sister Mary Nirmala Joshi was elected the new Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity. In April 2009, Sister Mary Prema was elected to succeed Sister Nirmala, during a general chapter held in Kolkata.

The quality of care offered to terminally ill patients in the Home for the Dying in Calcutta was the subject of discussion in the mid-1990s. Some British observers, on the basis of short visits, drew unfavourable comparisons with the standard of care available in hospices in the United Kingdom. Remarks made by Dr. Robin Fox relative to the lack of full-time medically trained personnel and the absence of strong analgesics were published in a brief memoir in an issue of The Lancet in 1994. These remarks were criticised in a later issue of The Lancet on the ground that they failed to take account of Indian conditions, specifically the fact that government regulations effectively precluded the use of morphine outside large hospitals.

In Phoenix, Arizona, the sisters' accommodation for 40 homeless men is funded by a clothier, featured in Vogue, who grew up within a few blocks of Mother Teresa's original home for the dying destitute in Kalighat, Calcutta.

Princess Diana, who was very close to Mother Teresa, wrote that she found in her "the direction I've been searching for all these years".

The Missionaries of Charity sisters were particularly hard hit by the 2020 outbreak of COVID-19, as in places they continued to distribute food and minister to the poor who had been affected.

In April 2022, Sister Mary Joseph was elected to succeed Sister Mary Prema as superior general of the order, with Sister Mary Christie elected as assistant superior general.

Violence against missionaries

In July 1998 in Al Hudaydah, Yemen, three Missionaries of Charity, two Indians and a Filipina, were shot and killed as they left a hospital.

In March 2016 in Aden, Yemen, sixteen people were shot and killed in a home for the elderly operated by the Missionaries of Charity. Among the dead were four missionary sisters: Sisters Marguerite and Reginette from Rwanda, Sister Anselm from India and Sister Judit from Kenya. According to Bishop Paul Hinder of the Apostolic Vicariate of Southern Arabia, their superior escaped harm by hiding. Bishop Hinder described the attack as "religiously-motivated". A Salesian Syro-Malabar priest who was living at the facility, Fr. Tom Uzhunnalil of Bangalore, India, was taken prisoner by the attackers.

On Good Friday, March 25, 2016, several media outlets reported that Fr. Tom Uzhunnalil had been crucified by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. However, Bishop Hinder indicated he had strong indications that the priest was alive and still being held by his captors. In early September 2017 Fr. Uzhunnalil was rescued after 18 months in captivity, and first sent to the Vatican to meet with Pope Francis.

Becoming a Missionary of Charity

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It takes nine years to become a full-fledged Missionary of Charity. An initial short-term "come-and-see" period is available. Those considered possible candidates by the Congregation may enter Aspirancy, focused on learning English (which is the community language) for those who are not from English-speaking countries and religious studies. It is followed by Postulancy (introduction into the study of Scripture, the Constitutions of the Society, Church history, and theology). If found suitable, they enter the Novitiate, the beginning of the religious life. Novices wear white cotton habits with a girdle, and white saris without the three blue stripes. In the first year (called canonical), they undertake more religious study and learn about life as a Missionary of Charity, the second year is more focused on practical training for the mission life. After two years, they take temporary vows for one year, which are renewed annually, for five years in total. They also receive a metal crucifix and a sari whose three blue stripes stand for their vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. In the sixth year, they travel to Rome, Kolkata or Washington D.C. for "Tertianship", further religious study, at the end of which they make their final profession.

Material goods

A sister's few possessions include: three saris (one to wear, one to wash, one to mend), two or three cotton habits, a girdle, a pair of sandals, a crucifix, and a rosary. They also have a plate, a set of cutlery, a cloth napkin, a canvas bag, and a prayer book. In cold countries, sisters may own a cardigan and other articles suited to the local climate such as a coat, scarf, and closed shoes.

Controversies

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A British former volunteer at the Home, Robin Fox (now editor of the British medical journal The Lancet) disclosed in 1994 that syringes were rinsed in cold water and reused; that inmates were given cold baths; and that aspirin was administered to people with terminal cancer. Fox also noted, however, that the residents were "eating heartily and doing well", and that the sisters and volunteers focused on cleanliness, tending wounds and sores, and providing loving kindness. The controversy remains due to the use of unsterilized needles and the failure to make proper diagnoses, as put by Dr. Jack Preger: "If one wants to give love, understanding and care, one uses sterile needles."

In 2018, all child care homes in India run by the Missionaries of Charity were inspected by the Indian Ministry of Women and Child Development following allegations that two staff members at a Jharkhand home sold babies for adoption. A sister (Konsaila Balsa) and a social worker (Anima Indwar) employed there were arrested. They were accused of having already sold three babies from the home, which provides shelter for pregnant, unmarried women, and of trying to sell a baby boy for roughly £1,325. The Missionaries of Charity had discontinued its participation in adoption services in India three years earlier over religious objections to the country's new adoption rules. In December 2021, India's Ministry of Home Affairs headed by former BJP national president Amit Shah refused to renew the registration under Foreign Contribution Regulation Act of Missionaries of Charity along with 6000 other charity organizations, which is mandatory for charities, NGOs and any non-profit organizations receiving foreign funding in India registration over allegations of the organization aiding in conversion of Hindus to Catholicism (an allegation which has also been levelled against Teresa too). However the decision was subsequently reverted in the first week of January 2022.

Image gallery

• Missionaries of Charity in Tirana, Albania.
• Missionaries of Charity weaing the traditional Sari during a religious procession in the streets of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, on the occasion of the feast of Saint Perpetua.
• The President, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam meeting with the Sisters from the Mother Teresa Mission of Charity at Athens on April 27, 2007. These sisters are engaged in running number of old age home in Greece.
• Chinese Vice President Chen Chien-jen and Mrs. Chen are greeted by Sr. Mary Prema Pierick, superior general of the Missionaries of Charity. (2016/09/05)
• The President, Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil distributed sweets and blankets to the old and needy persons of the Nirmal Hriday Home for the Destitutes in Delhi on December 19, 2007.
• The First lady of USA, Ms. Laura Bush interacting with a child on her visit to Mother Teresa Light of Life Home (Jeevan Jyothi) for disabled children, in New Delhi on March 2, 2006.
• The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh meeting the nuns from missionaries of charity at a reception for Indian community hosted by the Indian High Commissioner, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania on May 26, 2011. Smt. Gursharan Kaur, the Union Minister for External Affairs, Shri S.M. Krishna and the Indian High Commissioner, Shri K.V. Bhagirath is also seen.
• The President of India Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil, meeting the representatives of Missionaries for Charities from India, at Damascus, in Syria on November 28, 2010.
• The First lady of USA, Ms. Laura Bush interacting with the disabled children on her visit to Mother Teresa Light of Life Home (Jeevan Jyothi) for disabled children, in New Delhi on March 2, 2006.

See also

• Public image of Mother Teresa
• Catholic missions

References

1. ^ Rosario, Francis Sunil (12 April 2022). "Q & A with Sister Mary Joseph, new superior general of the Missionaries of Charity".
2. Choi, Kamiel (27 March 2010). "Missionaries of Charity".
3. "Missionaries of Charity (M.C.)".
4. Muggeridge (1971) chapter 3, Mother Teresa Speaks, pp. 105, 113.
5. "Mother Teresa of Calcutta". vatican.va. Vatican.
6. "Mother Teresa nuns face probe over funding allegations – UCA News". ucanews.com. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
7. "Australian Founder of Missionary Brothers of Charity Dies". Cathnews.acu.edu.au. Catholic Online. 13 October 2000. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
8. "Mother Teresa – Biography". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
9. "Missionaries of Charity Fathers website: Who we are". Archived from the original on 1 October 2011. Retrieved 7 December 2011.
10. Agency, Catholic News. "At least 15 dead from coronavirus in NY religious orders". Catholic Telegraph. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
11. "Cardinal Prays at Burial of Two Missionaries of Charity". Catholic New York. 6 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
12. Armando Machado (11 September 2019). "Missionaries of Charity Praised for Faithfully Following St. Teresa's Example". Catholic New York. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
13. ^ "Mother Teresa's nuns return to her rural Kentucky mission". cruxnow.com. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
14. Kenning, Chris. "37 years after Mother Teresa came to Appalachia, her nuns return to help the poor". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
15. "Missionaries of Charity". www.motherteresa.org. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
16. "German Elected to Lead Missionaries of Charity". Zenit News Agency. 25 March 2009. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
17. Goldberg, Michelle (21 May 2021). "Opinion | Was Mother Teresa a Cult Leader?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
18. Robin Fox (1994). "Mother Theresa's care for the dying". The Lancet. 344 (8925): 807–808. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92353-1. PMID 7818649. S2CID 54305918.; cf. "Mother Teresa's care for the dying," letters from David Jeffrey, Joseph O'Neill and Gilly Burns, The Lancet 344 (8929): 1098
19. Blufish (14 May 2020). "Pax Philomena – local clothing brand with ties to Mother Teresa – spreads joy". AZ Big Media. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
20. Harris, Katie (11 May 2020). "Princess Diana reveals 'something very profound touched my life' in unseen letter". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
21. AsiaNews.it. "Sister of Mother Teresa dies from coronavirus giving food to the infected". www.asianews.it. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
22. "Officials say ministries of priests and religious during COVID-19 crisis highlight importance of World Day of Prayer for Vocations". Catholic Standard. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
23. Caldwell, Zelda (6 April 2020). "Nun from Mother Teresa's order dies of coronavirus in UK". Aleteia – Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
24. "Southern Arabia bishop: MC nuns killed for religious motives". Vatican Radio. 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016. In July 1998, a gunman shot and killed three Missionaries of Charity, as they left a hospital in the city of Al Hudaydah. Two of them were Indians while the third was a Filipina.
25. "Southern Arabia bishop: MC nuns killed for religious motives". en.radiovaticana.va. Vatican Radio. 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016. According to Apostolic Vicariate of Southern Arabia that has jurisdiction over Yemen, the massacre of 16 people by gunmen at the old people's home run by the Missionaries of Charity in Aden is 'religiously-motivated'. ...The nun victims are Sisters Marguerite and Reginette from Rwanda, Anselm from India and Judit from Kenya. The superior survived by finding a hiding place, Bishop Hinder said, adding now she is in a safe place. ...The attackers also seized Fr Tom Uzhunnalil, an Indian Salesian missionary from Bangalore Province, who lived at the facility.
26. Rezac, Mary (28 March 2016). "There is no confirmation that Fr. Tom Uzhunnalil was crucified on Good Friday". Catholic News Agency. Archived from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016. Bishop Paul Hinder of Southern Arabia (a region in Saudi Arabia, the country just north of Yemen where Fr. Uzhunnalil was kidnapped), told CNA on Monday that he has 'strong indications that Fr. Tom is still alive in the hands of the kidnappers' but could not give further information in order to protect the life of the priest.
27. "Fr. Tom to Pope Francis: I offered my suffering for you and the Church". Catholic News Agency.
28. Thomas, Prince Matthews. "Pointing Fingers At Mother Teresa's Heirs". Forbes. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
29. Fox, Robin (1994). "Mother Teresa's care for the dying". The Lancet. 344 (8925): 807–808. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92353-1. PMID 7818649. S2CID 54305918.
30. Loudon, Mary (6 January 1996). "The Missionary Position: Mother Teresa in Theory and Practice, Book Review", BMJ vol. 312, no. 7022, 6 January 1996, pp.64–5. Retrieved December 30, 2011. Loudon claimed in her review that Fox had seen those practices; but he made no reference to them in his article.
31. Krishnan, Madhuvanti S. (17 March 2017). "Healing touch". The Hindu. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
32. Safi, Michael (17 July 2018). "All Mother Teresa homes inspected amid baby-selling scandal". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
33. McCarthy, Julie (9 October 2015). "Mother Teresa's Missionaries Of Charity Says No More Adoptions In India". NPR.org. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
34. Singh, Vijaita; Singh, Shiv Sahay (27 December 2021). "Missionaries of Charity denied FCRA nod". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
35. "Oxfam India says it's 'severely' hit by ban on foreign funds". BBC News. 3 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
36. "Missionaries of Charity gets back FCRA nod". www.telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 9 January 2022.

Further reading

• González-Balado, José Luis; Teresa (1997). Mother Teresa: in my own words. New York: Gramercy Book. ISBN 0-517-20169-0.
• Brian Kolodiejchuk; Mother Teresa (2007). Mother Teresa: come be my light: the private writings of the "Saint of Calcutta". Garden City, NY: Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-52037-9.
• Muggeridge, Malcolm. Something Beautiful for God. London: Collins, 1971. ISBN 0-06-066043-0.
• Christopher Hitchens: The Missionary Position: Mother Teresa in Theory and Practice (Verso, 1995) ISBN 1-85984-054-X. Plus a debate in the New York Review of Books: Defense of Mother Teresa, Hitchens' answer, Leys' reply.
• Mary Johnson (2011). An Unquenchable Thirst: Following Mother Teresa in Search of Love, Service, and an Authentic Life. Spiegel & Grau. ISBN 978-0385527477.
• Erika Lantz (3 February 2023). "The Turning: The Sisters Who Left" (Podcast). iHeartRadioPodcasts and Rococo Punch. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
• Jones, B. (2017). T. In Dictionary of World Biography (NED-New edition, 4, pp. 821–852). ANU Press. JSTOR j.ctt1rfsrst.24
• Stevens, Laura M. “‘The Reservoir of National Charity’: The Role of the Missionary Society.” In The Poor Indians: British Missionaries, Native Americans, and Colonial Sensibility, 84–110. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004. JSTOR j.ctt3fhmjw.6.
• Kellogg SE. A visit with Mother Teresa and the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®. 1994; 11(5):5–11. doi:10.1177/104990919401100504
• Bose, R.; Faust, L. (2011). Mother Teresa, CEO: Unexpected Principles for Practical Leadership. Bk Business. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. ISBN 9781605099538.
• Burton, J. (1978). Book Review: We do it for Jesus: Mother Teresa and her Missionaries of Charity. Theology, 81(683), 377–379. doi:10.1177/0040571X7808100518
• Kusserow, Adrie. "Crossing Borders, and: Hunting Down the Monk, and: Orphanage, Missionaries of Charity, Kathmandu, Nepal, and: Bulimia Religiosa, and: Confession." The Missouri Review, vol. 22 no. 1, 1999, p. 135–145. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/mis.1999.0045.
• Taneja V, Sriram S, Beri RS, Sreenivas V, Aggarwal R, Kaur R. Not by bread alone': impact of a structured 90-minute play session on development of children in an orphanage. Child Care Health Dev. 2002 Jan; 28(1):95–100. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2214.2002.00246.x. PMID 11856192.
• Yu, YTE; Ho, SY; Chen, JY (2015). "Reaching out to the poorest of the poor – a 4-week outreach programme at the Missionaries of Charity : a pilot outreach service programme to enable professionalism development in medical students". Frontiers in Medical & Health Sciences Education Conference. hdl:10722/233620.
• Johnson, M. (2011). An Unquenchable Thirst: Following Mother Teresa in Search of an Authentic Life. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited. ISBN 9781459620117.
• Poplin, M. (2011). Finding Calcutta: What Mother Teresa Taught Me About Meaningful Work and Service. Veritas Books. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830868483. LCCN 2008022649.
• Ciulla, Joanne B., Dirty Money: Some Ethical Questions About Donating to Charity (July 24, 2020). Rutgers Business Review, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2020, pp. 159–165., Available at SSRN 3660181
• Collopy, M. (2016). Works of Love Are Works of Peace: Mother Teresa of Calcutta and the Missionaries of Charity. Ignatius Press. ISBN 9781621641292.
• Le Joly, Edward (1977). "Servant of Love : Mother Teresa and her Missionaries of Charity". (No Title). Harper & Row.
• Mijatović, J.K. (2022). 'Mother Teresa and the Missionaries of Charity in the Life and Work of Archbishop Franjo Kuharić: On the 25th Anniversary of the Death of St. Teresa of Calcutta and the 20th Anniversary of the Death of the Servant of God Franjo Kuharić', Obnovljeni Život, 77(4), str. 507–520. doi:10.31337/oz.77.4.6
• Taneja V, Beri RS, Puliyel JM. Play in orphanages. Indian J Pediatr. 2004 Apr; 71(4):297–299. doi:10.1007/BF02724092. PMID 15107508.
• Kellogg SE. A visit with Mother Teresa and the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 1994 Sep–Oct; 11(5):5–11. doi:10.1177/104990919401100504. PMID 7880648.

External links

• Official website
• Mother Teresa Center
• Missionaries of Charity at the Encyclopædia Britannica
• Missionaries of Charity Brothers (active branch)
• Mother Teresa biography at the Nobel Prize foundation site has some information on the history and activities of the Missionaries of Charity.
• Time Magazine 100 Most Important People of the Century
• Eternal Word Television Network – History of the order and bio of Sister Nirmala
• Letter by Pope John Paul II on the 50th anniversary of the order in 2000
• Teresa's volunteers Archived 16 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine – Photo document on volunteers working at Nirmal Hriday in Calcutta, by photographer Wim Klerkx, 1998
• "Volunteering for Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity", New York Times – one volunteer's experience]
• Missionaries of Charity Fathers Website

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Male and female	Alexians Assumptionists (AA) Augustinian Recollects (OAR) Basilian Aleppians (BA) Basilian Chouerites (BC) Benedictines (OSB) Bridgettines (OSsS) Canossians (FDCC) Carmelites (OCarm) Carthusians (OCart) Cistercians (OCist) Congregation of Our Lady of Sion (NDS) Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (SSCC) Discalced Carmelites (OCD) Dominicans (OP) Franciscans (OFM) Institute of the Incarnate Word (IVE) Mercedarians (O de M) Missionaries of Charity (MC) Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo (CS) Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno Premonstratensians (OPraem) Servants of Charity (SC) Servite Order (OSM) Society of the Atonement (SA) TOR Franciscans Trappists (OCSO) Trinitarian Order (OSST)
Male	Adorno Fathers (CRM) Albertine Brothers Augustinians (OSA) Barnabites (B) Basilians (CSB) Brothers of Our Lady of Mercy (FDM) Camillians (MI) Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius Capuchins (OFM Cap) Christian Brothers (Irish) (CFC) Congregatio Discipulorum Domini (CDD) Immaculate Heart of Mary (CICM) Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament (SSS) Claretians (CMF) Congregation of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux (CST) Conventual Franciscans (OFM Conv) Crosiers (OSC) De La Salle Brothers (FSC) Discalced Augustinians (OAD) Franciscan Friars of the Renewal (CFR) Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word (MFVA) Gabrielites Holy Cross (CSC) Holy Ghost Fathers (CSSp) Josephites (SSJ) Legionaries of Christ (LC) Little Brothers of Jesus Marians of the Immaculate Conception (MIC) Society of Jesus (Jesuits) (SJ) Society of Mary (Marianists) (SM) Society of Mary (Marists) (SM) Society of the Divine Word (SVD) Society of Saint Edmund (SSE) Marist Brothers (FMS) Mechitarists (CAM) Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus (MCCI) Missionaries of La Salette (MS) Missionaries of St. Francis de Sales (MSFS) Missionaries of the Poor (MOP) Missionaries of the Sacred Heart (MSC) Missionaries of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) Oblates of the Virgin Mary (OMV) Oblates of St. Francis de Sales (OSFS) Order of Friars Minor (OFM) Passionists (CP) Pauline Fathers (OSPPE) Redemptorists (CSsR) Rogationists of the Heart of Jesus (RCJ) Sacred Heart Brothers Salesians (SDB) Servants of Jesus and Mary (SJM) Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer (FSSR) Xaverian Brothers (CFX)
Female	Adorers of the Blood of Christ (ASC) Apostolic Carmel (AC) Basilian Aleppian Sisters Basilian Chouerite Sisters Brigidines Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary (CSIC) Carmelite Sisters of Saint Teresa (CSST) Congregation of the Franciscan Hospitaller Sisters of the Immaculate Conception (FHIC) Daughters of Divine Love Daughters of Mary of the Immaculate Conception Daughters of the Holy Heart of Mary Faithful Companions of Jesus Felicians (CSSF) Filippini Sisters (MPF) Handmaids of the Heart of Jesus Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Hijas de Jesús Holy Spirit Adoration Sisters Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary Little Sisters Disciples of the Lamb Little Sisters of Jesus Little Sisters of the Poor Living the Gospel Community (LGC) Lovers of the Holy Cross Marianites of Holy Cross (MSC) Maryknoll Sisters (MM) Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God (SMIC) Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (ICM) Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (MSC) Oblate Sisters of Providence Oblates of Jesus the Priest Oblate Sisters of the Virgin Mary of Fatima (OMVF) Order of Our Lady of Charity (ODNC) Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary Poor Clares (OSC) Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament (MC) Religious of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (RSCJ) Religious of the Virgin Mary (RVM) Servants of St. Joseph (SSJ) Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament Sisters of Charity Sisters of Charity of Saints Bartolomea Capitanio and Vincenza Gerosa (SCCG) Sisters of Christian Doctrine of Nancy (DC) Sisters of the Cross and Passion Sisters of the Destitute Sisters of the Good Shepherd (RGS) Sisters of Holy Cross Sisters of the Holy Cross Sisters of the Holy Family-Louisiana Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary Sisters of Life (SV) Sisters of Mercy (RSM) Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods Sisters of the Sacred Heart Sisters of Saint Francis Sisters of Saint Joseph The Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart (RSJ) Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) Society of the Helpers of the Holy Souls Sisters of Social Service (sss) Servants of the Blessed Sacrament (SSS) Ursulines (OSU) White Sisters
See also: Third orders of Catholic laity Catholicism portal

• 20th-century establishments in India
• Incidents of anti-Catholic violence
• Mother Teresa
• Catholic missionary orders
• Organisations based in Kolkata
• Organisation of Catholic religious orders
• Christian organizations established in 1950
• Catholic religious institutes established in the 20th century
• Catholic charities
• 1950 establishments in West Bengal
• Founders of Indian schools and colleges