Morane-Saulnier G - Misplaced Pages

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Type G

Role	Sport aircraftType of aircraft
Manufacturer	Morane-Saulnier
First flight	1912

The Morane-Saulnier G was a two-seat sport and racing monoplane produced in France before the First World War. It was a development of the racing monoplanes designed by Léon Morane and Raymond Saulnier after leaving Borel and, like its predecessors, was a wire-braced, shoulder-wing monoplane. Construction was of fabric-covered wood throughout, except for the undercarriage struts which were of steel tube.

The type was a sporting success. In April 1913, Roland Garros took second place in the inaugural Schneider Cup in a floatplane version, finishing with a time of 40 minutes 40 seconds. On 26 June, Claude Grahame-White flew another float-equipped example from Paris to London via Le Havre, Boulogne-sur-Mer, and Dover, covering some 500 km (310 mi) that day. Between 21 and 28 September the same year, two float-equipped Type Gs competed at the seaplane meeting at San Sebastián, with Lord Carbery winning the short takeoff prize on one, and Edmond Audemars winning the maneuverability prize on the other. The following week, Carbery flew his Type G in the Italian Waterplane Contest from Lake Como to Pavia and back, along with two other Type Gs in the field of fifteen competitors, these flown by Garros and Morane. Garros not only won the Grand Prize in the "general class", but also the prizes for best speed (127.7 km/h, 79.8 mph) and greatest altitude (2,100 m, 6,000 ft).

On 28 September 1913 Roland Garros became the first person to cross the Mediterranean Sea by air, flying from Fréjus in the south of France to Bizerte in Tunisia in a Morane-Saulnier G.

In 1914, Russian manufacturer Duks arranged to build the type under licence at their Moscow factory for the Russian Army, and the same year, the Turkish military ordered 40 examples. Before these could be delivered, however, war broke out, and the aircraft were impressed into the French Army. To these, the Army soon added an order of 94 aircraft, and the British Royal Flying Corps also acquired a number, these latter machines purchased from Grahame-White, who was manufacturing the type in the UK under licence. At the outbreak of war, the type's military value was found to be wanting, and the French machines were quickly relegated to training duties.

Despite this, a dedicated single-seat fighter version was built in 1915, armed with an 8 mm Hotchkiss machine gun that fired through the propeller arc, the propeller blades being protected by deflector plates. Only one or two prototypes were built, and the type never entered service.

Some Type Gs were modified by Morane-Saulnier to have their wings mounted above the fuselage, parasol-fashion, rather than at the fuselage sides. This arrangement was found to offer far better visibility for the pilot, and formed the basis for the Morane-Saulnier L.

A Type G is preserved at the Museo del Aire (Madrid) (Museo del Aire de Cuatrovientos).

Variants

Type GA: version with 40 kW (60 hp) Le Rhône engine
Type GB: version with 60 kW (80 hp) Gnome engine
Type WB: version for export to Russia with glazed forward fuselage
MoS-2: official French government STAe designation for the G
Thulin B: Licence-built by AB Thulinverken in Sweden
Grahame-White Type XIV: License built by Claude Grahame-White in the United Kingdom

Various versions were given the STAé designation MoS-2, MoS-14 (GB), MoS-15 (GB), MoS-17 (G), MoS-18 (G) and MoS-19 (GA).

Operators

Argentina

Argentine Air Force

Cuba

Cuban Air Force - One aircraft.

France

Aéronautique Militaire (94 ordered, plus 40 impounded from Turkish order)
French Navy

Russia

Imperial Russian Air Force

Soviet Union

Soviet Air Force - Taken over from the Imperial Russian Air Force.

Spain

Spanish Air Force

Turkey

Ottoman Air Force - 40 ordered, but never delivered.

United Kingdom

Royal Flying Corps - one acquired at start of First World War.

Specifications (GB)

Data from Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I, p. 116

General characteristics

Crew: one pilot
Capacity: one passenger
Length: 6.30 m (20 ft 8 in)
Wingspan: 9.20 m (30 ft 2 in)
Wing area: 16 m (172 sq ft)
Empty weight: 95 kg (208 lb)
Gross weight: 370 kg (815 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Gnome , 60 kW (80 hp)

Performance

Maximum speed: 123 km/h (76 mph, 66 kn)
Rate of climb: 1.8 m/s (345 ft/min)

Notes

Taylor 1989, 648
^ "The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft", 2539
"The Latest Morane-Saulnier Monoplane", 564
Hartmann 2001, 10. This machine is often misreported as a Morane-Saulnier H
"The Monaco Meeting", 450
"Mr Grahame-Wnite's Seine—Thames Trip"
Hartmann 2001, 10
Hartmann 2001, 11
^ Hartmann 2001, 12
"Italian Waterplane Contest", 1129
"Flying the Mediterranean". Flight. V (39): 1078. 27 September 1913. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
"Morane-Saulnier type G"
Green and Swanborough 1994
Bruce 1982, pp. 287–288

References

Bruce, J. M. (1982). The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps (Military Wing). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-30084-X.
Devaux, Jean (March 1998). "Courrier des Lecteurs" [Readers Letters]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French). No. 60. p. 2. ISSN 1243-8650.
Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994). The Complete Book of Fighters. Godalming, UK: Colour Library Direct. ISBN 0-86288-220-6.
Hartmann, Gérard (2001). "L'incroyable Morane-Saulnier hydro" (PDF). La Coupe Schneider et hydravions anciens/Dossiers historiques hydravions et moteurs. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft. London: Aerospace Publishing.
Kulikov, Victor (February 1998). ""A l'abordage!" Les Morane-Saulnier type G en Russie" [On Aboard! The Morane-Saulnier Type G in Russia]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French). No. 59. pp. 10–14. ISSN 1243-8650.
"Italian Waterplane Contest". Flight. 11 October 1913. p. 1129. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I. London: Studio Editions. 2001. ISBN 0-517-03376-3.
"The Latest Morane-Saulnier Monoplane". Flight. 24 May 1913. pp. 561–564. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"The Monaco Meeting". Flight. 19 April 1913. p. 450. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Mr Grahame-Wnite's Seine—Thames Trip". Flight. 5 July 1913. p. 749. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Morane-Saulnier type G". EADS website. Archived from the original on 2009-01-09. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. ISBN 0-7106-0710-5.

v t e Morane-Saulnier aircraft
Designation letters	A B C F G GA GB H I J K L LA LH M N Nm O P Q S T TRK U V WR X Y AC AE AF AFH AI AN/ANB/ANR/ANL/ANS AR AS AT AU AV BB BH
Numerical sequence	MoS.1 MoS.2 MoS.3 MoS.4 MoS.5 MoS.6 MoS.7 MoS.8 MoS.9 MoS.10 MoS.11 MoS.12 MoS.13 MoS.14 MoS.15 MoS.16 MoS.17 MoS.18 MoS.19 MoS.20 MoS.21 MoS.22 MoS.23 MoS.24 MoS.25 MoS.26 MoS.27 MoS.28 MoS.29 MoS.30 MoS.31 MoS.32 MoS.33 MoS.34 MoS.35 MoS.36 MoS.37 MoS.38 MoS.39 MoS.40 MoS.41 MoS.42 MoS.43 MoS.44 MoS.45 MoS.46 MoS.47 MoS.48 MoS.49 MoS.50 MoS.51 MoS.52 MoS.53 MoS.56 MoS.60 MoS.120 MoS.121 MoS.129 MoS.130 MoS.131 MoS.132 MoS.133 MoS.134 MoS.136 MoS.137 MoS.138 MoS.139 MoS.140 MoS.141 MoS.147 MoS.148 MoS.149 MS.152 MS.160 MS.180 MS.181 MS.185 MS.200 MS.221 MS.222 MS.223 MS.224 MS.225 MS.226 MS.227 MS.229 MS.230 MS.250 MS.251 MS.260 MS.275 MS.278 MS.300 MS.301 MS.302 MS.315 MS.316 MS.317 MS.325 MS.340 MS.341 MS.342 MS.343 MS.345 MS.350 MS.405 MS.406 MS.408 MS.410 MS.411 MS.430 MS.433 MS.435 MS.450 MS.470 MS.472 MS.474 MS.470 MS.475 MS.476 MS.477 MS.479 MS.500 MS.501 MS.502 MS.504 MS.505 MS.506 MS.560 MS.570 MS.603 MS.630 MS.631 MS.700 MS.701 MS.703 MS.704 MS.730 MS.731 MS.732 MS.733 MS.755 MS.760 MS.785 MS.860 MS.880 MS.1001 MS.1500
Names and nicknames	Alcyon Borel Bullet Comté de Nice or Nice (project) Criquet Épervier, Épervier II and Super 1500 Fantôme Fleuret Lévrier Monococque Paris and Super Paris Pétrel Rallye, Rallye Club, Super Rallye and Rallye Commodore Statodyne (project) Vanneau Versailles (project)

v t e Dux aircraft
Dux designs	Dux Meller I Dux Meller II Dux Meller III Dux No.2 pusher monoplane Dux 1917 twin pusher Dux Military Dux twin-engine Bleriot XI Dux Dux-Farman IX
Licenced designs	Nieuport IV Bleriot XIbis Maurice Farman MF.IV Maurice Farman MF.VII Henry Farman HF.15 Henry Farman HF.16 Henry Farman HF.20 Henry Farman HF.22/22bis Henry Farman HF.27 Henry Farman HF.30/30bis Voisin L Voisin III Voisin IV Voisin V Nieuport 9, 10 and 10bis Nieuport 11 Nieuport 16 Nieuport 17 Nieuport 21 Nieuport 23 Nieuport 24bis Morane-Saulnier G Morane-Saulnier L Morane-Saulnier N SPAD S.VII Tellier 200ch

Dux aircraft

Dux designs

Licenced designs

v t e Grahame-White aircraft
Baby Type VI Type VII Popular Biplane Type VIII Type X Type XI Type XII Type XIII Type XIV Type XV Type 18 Type 19 Type 20 Type 21 G.W.E.4 Ganymede G.W.E.6 Bantam G.W.E.7 G.W.E.9 Ganymede

v t e AB Thulinverken aircraft
A B C D E FA G GA H K KA L LA M N NA

Categories:

Variants

Operators

Specifications (GB)

Notes

References

Further reading