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NGC 7678
NGC 7678 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation	Pegasus
Right ascension	23 28 27.8834
Declination	+22° 25′ 16.336″
Redshift	0.011638 ± 0.000005
Heliocentric radial velocity	3,489 ± 1 km/s
Distance	132 ± 34.9 Mly (40.38 ± 10.69 Mpc)
Group or cluster	NGC 7678 Group (LGG 474)
Apparent magnitude (V)	11.8
Characteristics
Type	SAB(rs)c
Size	~106,300 ly (32.59 kpc) (estimated)
Apparent size (V)	2.17′ × 1.67′
Notable features	Starburst galaxy
Other designations
IRAS 23259+2208, Arp 28, UGC 12614, MCG +04-55-017, PGC 71534, CGCG 476-045, VV 359

NGC 7678 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Pegasus. It is located at a distance of about 130 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 7678 is about 95,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on September 15, 1784.

Characteristics

NGC 7678 is a grand design spiral galaxy with two arms, from which the south arm is more prominent, and as a result the galaxy is asymmetrical. It was initially considered to that the asymmetry was the caused by a different galaxy interacting with NGC 7678 but further observations reveal that this is not the case. The galaxy is featured in Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies as number 28, in the category "One heavy arm".

The galaxy has a small nucleus and a weak bar. The galaxy had been identified based on the spectral emission as a type 2 Seyfert galaxy, but the ratio of λ 6583/H-alpha indicates it is an HII region or a low-ionization nuclear emission-line region, with the HII region classification being supported by the λ6584/Hα and λ5007/Hβ ratios.

Many large HII regions are visible at the southern arm. Ten giant HII regions have been detected in NGC 7678, with the largest having a mass of 10 M_☉. These regions are places of active star formation and contain star clusters. The largest HII region in the southern arm could be the relic of a satellite galaxy that merged with NGC 7678 and caused the starburst activity. The total star formation rate of the galaxy is estimated to be 3.8 M_☉ per year based on corrected Paα emission or 7.4 M_☉ per year based on infrared emission.

Nearby galaxies

NGC 7678 is an isolated galaxy in the kiloparsec scale. A. M. Garcia listed the galaxy as the namesake of the NGC 7678 galaxy group (also known as LGG 474). Other members of the group include NGC 7673, NGC 7677, and NGC 7664.

Supernovae

Four supernovae have been observed in NGC 7678:

• SN 1997dc (type Ib, mag. 18.3) was discovered by the BAO Supernova Survey on 5 August 1997.
• SN 2002dp (type Ia, mag. 15.1) was discovered by Alain Klotz on 18 June 2002.
• SN 2009ga (type II-P, mag. 16.2) was discovered by Kōichi Itagaki on 9 June 2009.
• SN 2021qvr (type II, mag. 17.7) was discovered by ATLAS on 22 June 2021.

See also

• List of NGC objects (7001–7840)

References

1. ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 7678. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
2. "Revised NGC Data for NGC 7678". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
3. Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 7678 (= Arp 28)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
4. ^ Ann, Hong-Bae; Kim, Jeong-Mi (1 October 1996). "Photometry and Spectroscopy of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 7678". Journal of Korean Astronomical Society. 29 (2): 255–268. Bibcode:1996JKAS...29..255A. ISSN 1225-4614.
5. "HubbleSite: A Peculiar Sight". hubblesite.org. March 22, 2021.
6. Kazarian, M. A. (1 January 1993). "Spectrophotometric investigation of two Seyfert galaxies". Astrofizika. 36: 353–361. Bibcode:1993Afz....36..353K.
7. Gonçalves, A. C.; Véron, P.; Véron-Cetty, M.-P. (January 1998). "Miscellaneous observations of active galactic nuclei. II". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 127 (2): 107–115. arXiv:astro-ph/9705034. Bibcode:1998A&AS..127..107G. doi:10.1051/aas:1998336. S2CID 55269918.
8. Gusev, A. S.; Sakhibov, F.; Piskunov, A. E.; Kharchenko, N. V.; Bruevich, V. V.; Ezhkova, O. V.; Guslyakova, S. A.; Lang, V.; Shimanovskaya, E. V.; Efremov, Y. N. (11 April 2016). "A spectral and photometric study of 102 star-forming regions in seven spiral galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (3): 3334–3355. arXiv:1601.07470. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw212.
9. Tateuchi, Ken; Konishi, Masahiro; Motohara, Kentaro; Takahashi, Hidenori; Kato, Natsuko Mitani; Kitagawa, Yutaro; Todo, Soya; Toshikawa, Koji; Sako, Shigeyuki; Uchimoto, Yuka K.; Ohsawa, Ryou; Asano, Kentaro; Ita, Yoshifusa; Kamizuka, Takafumi; Komugi, Shinya; Koshida, Shintaro; Manabe, Sho; Nakamura, Tomohiko; Nakashima, Asami; Okada, Kazushi; Takagi, Toshinobu; Tanabé, Toshihiko; Uchiyama, Mizuho; Aoki, Tsutomu; Doi, Mamoru; Handa, Toshihiro; Kawara, Kimiaki; Kohno, Kotaro; Minezaki, Takeo; Miyata, Takashi; Morokuma, Tomoki; Soyano, Takeo; Tamura, Yoichi; Tanaka, Masuo; Tarusawa, Ken'ichi; Yoshii, Yuzuru (26 February 2015). "GROUND-BASED Paα NARROW-BAND IMAGING OF LOCAL LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES. I. STAR FORMATION RATES AND SURFACE DENSITIES". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 217 (1): 1. arXiv:1412.3899. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217....1T. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/1/1. S2CID 119278582.
10. Koulouridis, Elias; Chavushyan, Vahram; Plionis, Manolis; Krongold, Yair; Dultzin-Hacyan, Deborah (November 2006). "A Three-dimensional Study of the Local Environment of Bright IRAS Galaxies: The Active Galactic Nucleus–Starburst Connection". The Astrophysical Journal. 651 (1): 93–100. arXiv:astro-ph/0606365. Bibcode:2006ApJ...651...93K. doi:10.1086/507070. S2CID 15469642.
11. Garcia, A. M. (1 July 1993). "General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G. ISSN 0365-0138.
12. "Bright Supernova pages - Most prolific galaxies". www.rochesterastronomy.org. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
13. Esamdin, A.; Bao Supernova Survey (1997). "SUPERNOVA 1997dc IN NGC 7678". International Astronomical Union Circular (6715): 1. Bibcode:1997IAUC.6715....1E.
14. "SN 1997dc". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
15. Klotz, A.; Li, W. (2002). "Supernova 2002dp in NGC 7678". International Astronomical Union Circular (7924): 1. Bibcode:2002IAUC.7924....1K.
16. "SN 2002dp". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
17. Nakano, S.; Itagaki, K.; Kryachko, T. (2009). "Supernova 2009ga in NGC 7678". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams (1839): 1. Bibcode:2009CBET.1839....1N.
18. "SN 2009ga". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
19. "SN 2021qvr". Transient Name Server. IAU. Retrieved 18 August 2024.

External links

• NGC 7678 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
• NGC 7678 on SIMBAD

v t e Constellation of Pegasus
Pegasus in Chinese astronomy List of stars in Pegasus
Stars	Bayer α (Markab) β (Scheat) γ (Algenib) δ (Alpheratz) ε (Enif) ζ (Homam) η (Matar) θ (Biham) ι κ λ μ (Sadalbari) ν ξ ο π π ρ σ τ (Salm) υ (Alkarab) φ χ ψ Flamsteed 1 2 3 4 5 7 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 25 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 45 51 (Helvetios) 52 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 63 64 65 66 67 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 82 83 85 86 87 23 Psc 34 Vul Variable R S U W Z RU RV RZ SV TW TY AG AQ AT AU AV AW BB BH BK BO BP BX BY DH DI DY EE EF EQ EZ GT GX HN HO HP HR HX II IK IM IP KT KU LL LO LS MS MT NV NZ OY PT V342 V343 V354 V363 V372 V376 V391 HR 19 49 8116 8219 8221 8231 8250 8257 8258 8274 8292 8325 8341 8348 8358 8359 8364 8372 8391 8397 8412 8415 8435 8441 8455 8456 8458 8460 8461 8466 8475 8482 8491 8503 8514 8543 8555 8564 8587 8604 8605 8608 8631 8638 8642 8737 8784 8788 8792 8824 8831 8833 8838 8839 8873 8922 8942 8953 8970 9039 9055 9078 9109 HD 434 204603 205011 205422 205603 206689 206793 208897 209709 210890 211076 213025 215549 215733 219196 219828 220288 220773 221170 221493 225292 Other BD+14 4559 (Solaris) BD +17 4708 BD +28 4211 GD 246 Gl 829 Gl 880 HAT-P-8 NGC 8 NGC 18 NGC 30 PG 2131+066 PG 2303+243 PSR B2127+11C PSR B2303+30 Q2343-BX418 WASP-10 WASP-21 (Tangra) WASP-52 (Anadolu) WASP-59 WASP-60 (Morava) X2127+119 3C 454.3
Exoplanets 51 Pegasi b (Dimidium) WASP-10b BD+14 4559 b (Pirx) TOI-5678 b HD 209458 b HR 8799 b c d e
Star clusters	Other Balbinot 1 Messier 15
Nebulae	Other Pease 1
Galaxies	NGC 1 2 9 14 15 16 22 23 26 41 42 52 7033 7034 7042 7043 7053 7056 7066 7068 7074 7085 7190 7217 7236 7237 7303 7312 7315 7317 7318 7319 7320 7320c 7331 7332 7427 7448 7454 7457 7466 7469 7479 7610 7619 7625 7673 7674 7678 7720 7726 7735 7741 7742 NGC 7752 NGC 7753 7767 7769 7773 7800 7814 Other BX442 CTA-102 Einstein Cross Huchra's lens IC 5145 IC 5337 Markarian 335 Pegasus Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Pegasus Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Q2343-BX418
Galaxy clusters Abell 2390 NGC 7331 Group Stephan's Quintet
Astronomical events SN 1990U SN 2008ha SN 2013fs
Category

• Intermediate spiral galaxies
• Pegasus (constellation)
• NGC objects
• UGC objects
• Arp objects
• Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects
• Discoveries by William Herschel
• Astronomical objects discovered in 1784
• Starburst galaxies
• IRAS catalogue objects