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Niassodon Temporal range: Late Permian 259.9–254.17 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skeletal reconstruction of Niassodon mfumukasi (ML1620). Preserved material is highlighted.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Synapsida
Clade:	Therapsida
Suborder:	†Anomodontia
Clade:	†Dicynodontia
Clade:	†Endothiodontia
Genus:	†Niassodon Castanhinha et al., 2013
Type species
†Niassodon mfumukasi Castanhinha et al., 2013

Niassodon is an extinct genus of kingoriid dicynodont therapsid known from the Late Permian of Niassa Province, northern Mozambique. It contains a single species, Niassodon mfumukasi.

Discovery and naming

Niassodon was first described and named by Rui Castanhinha, Ricardo Araújo, Luís C. Júnior, Kenneth D. Angielczyk, Gabriel G. Martins, Rui M. S. Martins, Claudine Chaouiya, Felix Beckmann and Fabian Wilde in 2013 and the type species is Niassodon mfumukasi. The generic name combines the word Niassa, meaning "lake" in Chiyao and the name of the northwestern province in Mozambique where Niassodon was found, with odontos, meaning "tooth" in Ancient Greek. The specific name, Mfumukasi means "queen" in Nyanja, in honor of the members of the local Nyanja matriarchal society and all Mozambican women.

Niassodon is known solely from the holotype ML1620, a partial skeleton which has returned to the Museu Nacional de Geologia, Maputo, Mozambique. The holotype consists of a complete skull, a mandible, series of 19 dorsal, sacral and caudal vertebrae, ribs, both ilia and a partial femur, from a single small individual (skull length is 58 mm). It was discovered by Ricardo Araújo and collected during a 2009 expedition in the Metangula Graben, under the supervision of Projecto PaleoMoz. ML1620 came from the K5 Formation located near Tulo, a small village situated along the Metangula-Cóbue road. The fossil bed is composed of a grey mudstone with abundant septaria-like calcareous concretions, dating to the Late Permian.

References

1. Niassodon in the Paleobiology Database
2. ^ Castanhinha, R.; Araújo, R.; Júnior, L. S. C.; Angielczyk, K. D.; Martins, G. G.; Martins, R. M. S.; Chaouiya, C.; Beckmann, F.; Wilde, F. (2013). Claessens, Leon (ed.). "Bringing Dicynodonts Back to Life: Paleobiology and Anatomy of a New Emydopoid Genus from the Upper Permian of Mozambique". PLOS ONE. 8 (12): e80974. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094720. PMC 3852158. PMID 24324653.
3. "PALEOMOZ". www.paleomoz.org. Retrieved 2022-08-16.
4. Araújo R, David R, Benoit J, Lungmus JK, Stoessel A, Barrett PM, et al. (July 2022). "Inner ear biomechanics reveals a Late Triassic origin for mammalian endothermy". Nature. 607 (7920): 726–731. Bibcode:2022Natur.607..726A. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04963-z. PMID 35859179. S2CID 236245230.
5. Araújo R, et al. "Biostratigraphic refinement of tetrapod-bearing beds from the Metangula Graben (Niassa Province, Mozambique). New radiometric dating and the first Lower Triassic tetrapod fossils from Mozambique". Palaeontologia Africana.

v t e Anomodontia
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Clade: Synapsida Clade: Therapsida Synapsida see Synapsida Anomodontia see below↓
Anomodontia Anomodontia Biseridens Novocynodon? Anomocephaloidea Anomocephalus Tiarajudens Venyukovioidea Otsheria Parasuminia Suminia Ulemica Venyukovia Chainosauria Galechirus Galeops Galepus Patranomodon Anomocephaloidea? Dicynodontia see below↓
Dicynodontia Dicynodontia Brachyprosopus Colobodectes Eodicynodon Lanthanostegus Nyaphulia Pristerodon Pylaecephalidae Diictodon Eosimops Prosictodon Robertia Endothiodontia Abajudon Endothiodon Niassodon Therochelonia Emydopoidea Digalodon Emydorhinus? Palemydops? Emydopidae Compsodon Emydops Myosauridae Myosauroides Myosaurus Kingoriidae Dicynodontoides Kombuisia Thliptosaurus Cistecephalidae Cistecephaloides Cistecephalus Kawingasaurus Kembawacela Sauroscaptor Bidentalia see below↓
Bidentalia Bidentalia Daqingshanodon Idelesaurus Keyseria Odontocyclops Rastodon Syops Elphidae Elph Interpresosaurus Katumbia Geikiidae Aulacephalodon Bulbasaurus Geikia Pelanomodon Oudenodontidae Australobarbarus Oudenodon Tropidostoma Rhachiocephalidae Kitchinganomodon Rhachiocephalus Dicynodontoidea Counillonia Daptocephalus Delectosaurus Dicynodon Dinanomodon Gordonia Kunpania Peramodon Repelinosaurus Taoheodon Turfanodon Vivaxosaurus Lystrosauridae Basilodon? Euptychognathus? Jimusaria? Kwazulusaurus Lystrosaurus Sintocephalus? Kannemeyeriiformes see below↓
Kannemeyeriiformes Kannemeyeriiformes Angonisaurus Dinodontosaurus Elephantosaurus Woznikella Shansiodontidae Shansiodon Tetragonias Vinceria Rhinodicynodon Kannemeyeriidae Acratophorus Dolichuranus Kannemeyeria Parakannemeyeria Rabidosaurus Rechnisaurus Rhadiodromus Shaanbeikannemeyeria Sinokannemeyeria Uralokannemeyeria Wadiasaurus Xiyukannemeyeria Stahleckeriidae Sungeodon Placeriinae Argodicynodon Lisowicia Moghreberia Pentasaurus Placerias Zambiasaurus Stahleckeriinae Eubrachiosaurus Ischigualastia Jachaleria Sangusaurus Stahleckeria Ufudocyclops
Other articles Nomina dubia Azarifeneria Baiopsis Calleonasus Chelyoposaurus Cristonasus Diaelurodon Dicranozygoma Elatosaurus Eurycarpus Haughtoniana Keirognathus Koupia Nasoplanites Opisthoctenodon Parvobestiola Planitorostris Platypodosaurus Putillosaurus Taognathus Paraphyletic groups Cryptodontia? Dromasauria

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