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Hispanic and Latin American Australians (Spanish: australianos hispanos y latinoamericanos) refers to Australians who are of Hispanic, and/or Latin American origin irrespective of their ancestral backgrounds, and their descendants. Brazilian Australians make up the largest proportion of Latin American Australians, while Chilean Australians make up the largest group of Hispanic Australians, followed by Salvadoran Australians. Most Hispanic and Latin American Australians speak English but many continue to use Spanish or Portuguese as well.

At the 2006 Census 86,156 Australian residents declared that they were born in South America (69,157), Central America (12,959) or the Caribbean (4,040). They constitute only 0.43% of the Australian population. Other statistics state that 1.12 % of Australia's population are of Latin American origin. 93,795 residents declared themselves being of South American, Central American or Caribbean ancestry (either alone or in combination with one other ancestry).

Until 2006, Chile was the country that had contributed the largest proportion of immigrants to Australia. In the 2006 Census 23,305 Australian residents declared they were born in Chile. Other Hispanic or Latin American countries include El Salvador (18,000), Spain (12,276), Argentina (11,369), Uruguay (9,376), Brazil (6,647), Peru (6,322), Colombia (5,706), and Ecuador (1,356). But in the 2011 Census, Brazil became the largest source of immigrants of Latin American origin in Australia, with a total of 14,509 Brazil-born people living in the country, leaving Chile in second place. 4,872 were born in Mexico in 2016. Mexican Australians are concentrated in Brisbane and Sydney.

Cultural backgrounds

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Within the Hispanic and Latin American minority, there are people of different national and ethnic origins. Physical appearances vary widely and often show the blending of European, Amerindian, and African features that has occurred over many generations. Most Central Americans, as are other Hispanic or Latin Americans, are mestizos. Mestizos have both European and American Indian ancestors and, in some cases, African ancestors as well. Their European ancestors were mostly Spaniards. Most Spaniards possess typical Mediterranean features - olive skin, dark hair and eyes. Their Indian ancestors were living in what is now Latin America when the Spaniards arrived.

Argentines

Most Argentines are of Italian and/or Spanish descent, though other groups such as the British, Eastern Europeans, Arabs, Mestizos/Morochos (the Argentine equivalent of mixed people), Jews, Mulattoes, and Asians also immigrated to Argentina.

Brazilians

Most Brazilians are mostly Portuguese, Lebanese, Pardo, Italian, German, Arab, Amerindian and East Asian. Most of the African ancestors were brought as slaves to the region while it was in Portuguese control.

Colombians

Most Colombians are of Mestizo, Spanish, German, Italian, French, Lebanese, Jew and Arab descent, while some Colombians are pure African or mixed Spanish and African descent (known as mulattoes) with their African ancestors having been brought over by the Spaniards to work as slaves.

Salvadoran

Most Salvadoran are Mestizos, Indigenous and of Spanish descent, with other minorities groups such as Lebanese, French, Germans (these settled on the Pacific coast).

Chileans

Most Chileans are mestizos, indigenous Mapuche and Rapa Nui (from Chilean Pacific territory of Easter Island), and of Spanish descent. Other minority ethnic groups include the British, Germans, Eastern Europeans, Jews, Arabs, and Asians who also immigrated to Chile.

Peruvians

Most Peruvians are mestizos, Indigenous and of Spanish descent, with other minorities groups such as Italians, Germans, Asians (Chinese and Japanese), and Arabs.

Mexicans

Most Mexican Australians are mestizos, and of Spanish descent. Minorities include those of French, German, Irish and Chinese descent.

Uruguayans

Most Uruguayans are of Italian and/or Spanish descent, though other groups such as the French, British, Central Europeans, Lebanese, Afro-Uruguayans, Jews, and Armenians also immigrated to Uruguay.

Distribution

Sydney is home to the largest proportion of Hispanic and Latin American Australians - 66% of Uruguay-born, 62% of Peru-born, 47% each of Chile-born and Colombia-born, and 42% of Brazilian-born respondents at the 2006 Census were residing in Sydney. Persons from El Salvador however have different settlement patterns - only 18% were residing in Sydney, while 32% were in Melbourne and 21% were in Brisbane.

As of 2019, there are approximately 7,420 Mexican-born people living in Australia.

Culture

Cuisine

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Food is one area in which the Hispanic world has influenced cuisine in Australia. Mexican foods are especially popular. The taco, a folded tortilla filled with meat, cheese and other ingredients. Other Hispanic dishes, such as enchiladas, tamales, tostadas and empanadas are also served in many Hispanic-themed restaurants.

Notable Hispanic and Latin American Australians

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There have been many distinguished Hispanic and Latin American Australians, in sports, the arts, politics and other areas. These include:

See also

• African Australians
• American Australians
• Arab Australians
• Asian Australians
• Black Australians
• Caribbean and West Indian Australians
• European Australians
• Indigenous Australians
• North African and Middle Eastern Australians
• Argentine Australians
• Brazilian Australians
• Chilean Australians
• Colombian Australians
• Demography of Australia
• European Australians
• Europeans in Oceania
• Hispanic diaspora
• Immigration to Australia
• Peruvian Australians
• Salvadoran Australians
• Spanish Australians
• Uruguayan Australians

References

1. Australian Bureau of Statistics 20680-Country of Birth of Person (minor groups) by Sex - Australia
2. "Australian Bureau of Statistics 20680-Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex - Australia". Archived from the original on 10 March 2008. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
3. "of Birth of Person (full classification list) by Sex&producttype=Census Tables&method=Place of Usual Residence&areacode=0 ABS Census - Country of Birth, 2006". Archived from the original on 2 September 2008. Retrieved 12 June 2008.
4. "The Brazil-born Community". Australian Government, Department of Immigration and Border Protection. Archived from the original on 18 November 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
5. "Community Information Summary - Mexico-born" (PDF).
6. "Mexicans in Australia - Cultural Atlas".
7. "ABS Census - ethnicity". Archived from the original on 22 July 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2009.
8. "Relación Bilateral México-Australia". embamex.sre.gob.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 June 2022.

v t e Ancestry of Australians
Ancestral background of Australian citizens
Indigenous	Aboriginal Australians Torres Strait Islanders
Africa	Angolan Beninese Burundian Cameroonian Congolese Eritrean Ethiopian Gabonese Gambian Ghanaian Guinean Ivorian Kenyan Liberian Malawian Malian Mauritian Nigerian Rwandan Senegalese Sierra Leonean South African Tanzanian Togolese Ugandan Zambian Zimbabwean
Americas	American Canadian Caribbean and West Indian Australian Hispanic and Latin American Argentine Bolivian Brazilian Chilean Colombian Cuban Ecuadorian Guatemalan Honduran Mexican Panamanian Paraguayan Peruvian Puerto Rican Salvadoran Uruguayan Venezuelan Jamaican Trinidadian and Tobagonian
Asia	Afghan Hazara Pashtun Armenian Azerbaijani Bangladeshi Bengali Bhutanese Burmese Chin Karen Mon Cambodian Chinese Hmong Hong Kong Cantonese Mien Taiwanese Hakka Fuzhou/Hokchiu Hoklo Tibetan Uyghur East Timorese Filipino Georgian Indian Bengali Gujarati Indo-Fijian Malayali Punjabi Sindhi Tamil Telugu Indonesian Acehnese Balinese Javanese Madurese Sundanese Japanese Kazakh Korean Kyrgyz Laotian Malaysian Bruneian Kadazan Temoq Maldivian Mongolian Nepali Pakistani Baloch Hazara Pashtun Punjabi Sindhi Pathan Singaporean Sri Lankan Tamil Tajik Tatar Thai Turkmen Uzbek Vietnamese Hmong Mien
Europe	Albanian Anglo-Celtic Cornish English Irish Northern Irish Scottish Welsh Austrian Belgian Belarusian Bosnian Bulgarian Croatian Cypriot Czech Danish Dutch Estonian French Finnish German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Italian Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian Maltese Montenegrin Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romani Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Slovene Spanish Swedish Swiss Ukrainian
Middle East and North Africa	Arab Algerian Bahraini Egyptian Emirati Iraqi Jordanian Kuwaiti Lebanese Libyan Moroccan Palestinian Saudi Somali Syrian Tunisian Assyrian Bari Berber Coptic Chaldean Darfur Dinka Iranian Israeli/Jewish Kurdish Mandaean Nubian Nuer South Sudanese Sudanese Turkish Yezidi
Oceania	Fijian Indo-Fijian Niuean Ni-Vanuatu New Zealander Māori Papua New Guinean Samoan South Sea Islander Tongan
according to Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013 and Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016

• Latin American diaspora in Australia
• Ethnic groups in Australia