Ethnic group
  | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 16,609 (born in Sudan, 2021) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Victoria | 6,085 |
| New South Wales | 5,629 |
| Western Australia | 2,722 |
| Queensland | 2,582 |
| Languages | |
| Sudanese Arabic · Australian English | |
| Religion | |
| Islam, Christianity | |
Sudanese Australians (Arabic: أستراليون سودانيون) are people of Sudanese origin or descent living in Australia. The largest population of Sudanese Australians reside in Victoria (6,085).
Brief history
Early migration
Before the First Sudanese Civil War, most Sudanese migrants arrived in Australia to pursue educational opportunities in both undergraduate and post graduate institutions across Australia. The large number of Sudanese migrant settled in the states like Victoria and New South Wales.
After the first civil war
Main article: First Sudanese Civil WarA larger influx of Sudanese emigrated to Australia as a result of political and economic problems. The most noticeable exodus occurred among professional and middle class Sudanese who along with their children took advantage of education and employment opportunities in Australia to emigrate.
After the second civil war
Since 1983, fighting between Sudan's government and the rebels in the south has killed about two million people. The fighting in Sudan has interfered with the production and distribution of food and caused widespread hunger. Many civilians in southern Sudan had fled their region because of this crisis. Some Sudanese Australians returned to their ancestral homeland when the conflict officially ended in 2005.
Crime and social issues
Sudanese Australians have significant over-representation in many of Australia's crime statistics. Despite making up 0.16% of the total population of the state of Victoria, Sudanese-born offenders made up 7% of individuals charged in home invasions, 6% of those in car theft offenses and 14% of individuals charged with aggravated robbery offenses in 2016. The Sudanese also had the highest imprisonment rate of any immigrant group in Australia, with imprisonment rates at nearly three times the Australian average in 2014. Sudanese-born offenders continue to be significantly over-represented in crime statistics; in 2018 they were by far the immigrant group with the highest offending rate in the state of Victoria, relative to their population size. Between 2015-2018 Sudanese-born males aged 10-17 had the highest rate of 'crimes against a person' offenses of 60/1,000, compared to a rate of 20/1,000 for Indigenous and 2/1,000 for non-Indigenous Australian born youth.
Census data
The 2011 census recorded 19,369 people born in Sudan. Of these, the largest number were living in the state of Victoria, (6,085), followed by New South Wales (5,629), Western Australia (2,722) and then Queensland (2,582). 17,186 people indicated that they were of full or partial Sudanese ancestry.
The Department of Immigration and Citizenship notes that South Sudan became independent from the Republic of Sudan on 9 July 2011, shortly before the census, and that "country of birth figures as completed by individuals at the time of the 2011 Census may not fully reflect this change". The census, held in August, included both Sudan and South Sudan amongst the country of birth and ancestry options.
According to the 2006 census, there were 19,049 Sudanese-born Australian residents, many of whom had arrived very recently: 77% since 2000. Between 1996 and 2005, the largest increase in Australian people born overseas were Sudanese, at 28% per year. Other fast-growing overseas-born groups were people from Afghanistan (12% average increase per year) and Iraq (10%). Australian residents from sub-Saharan Africa increased on average by 6% per year over this period.
In the 2006 Census 17,848 residents in Australia reported having Sudanese ancestry. People of Sudanese descent now live in almost every capital city in Australia, particularly Melbourne (5,911), Sydney (5,335) and Perth (1,993)
Notable Sudanese Australians
- Yassmin Abdel-Magied - Engineer, author, television presenter and activist
See also
References
- "2021 People in Australia who were born in Sudan, Census Country of birth QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics".
- ^ "2914.0.55.002 2006 Census Ethnic Media Package" (XLS). Census Dictionary, 2006 (cat.no 2901.0). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 27 June 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
- ^ "Community Information Summary: Sudan-born" (PDF). Community Relations Section of DIAC. Department of Immigration and Citizenship. February 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
- Farmsworth, S (3 December 2016). "Victoria youth crime: Statistics raise questions about calls to deport youth offenders". ABC News. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
- "Prisoners In Australia 2014". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
- Hanrahan, Catherine (10 August 2018). "Explained: Who is committing crimes in Victoria?". ABC News.
- Shepherd, Stephane M.; Spivak, Benjamin L. (2020). "Estimating the extent and nature of offending by Sudanese-born individuals in Victoria". Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology. 53 (3): 352–368. doi:10.1177/0004865820929066. S2CID 219910533.
- "South Sudan recognised on the Australian Census". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 5 August 2011. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- "3412.0 - Migration, Australia, 2004-05". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 19 March 2006. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Migration
- "20680-Country of Birth of Person (full classification list) by Sex - Australia". 2006 census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (XLS) on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2008.
- "20680-Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex - Australia". 2006 census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (XLS) on 10 March 2008. Retrieved 19 May 2008.
External links
- Sudanese Stories - An oral history project recording the migration journeys and settlement experiences of southern Sudanese refugees now living in Blacktown, Western Sydney.
- Australian Migration ABS migration statistics
| Ancestry of Australians | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ancestral background of Australian citizens | ||
| Indigenous |  | |
| Africa | ||
| Americas | ||
| Asia | ||
| Europe |
| |
| Middle East and North Africa | ||
| Oceania | ||
| according to Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census, 2012–2013 and Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016 | ||
| North African and Middle Eastern Australians | |
|---|---|
| Arab | |
| Jewish | |
| Peoples of the Sudan | |
| Other | |
| Topics | |
| Sudanese diaspora | |
|---|---|