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Isotopes of polonium

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Isotopes of polonium (84Po)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
Po synth 2.898 y α Pb
β Bi
Po synth 124 y α Pb
β Bi
Po trace 138.376 d α Pb

There are 42 isotopes of polonium (84Po). They range in size from 186 to 227 nucleons. They are all radioactive. Po with a half-life of 138.376 days has the longest half-life of any naturally-occurring isotope of polonium and is the most common isotope of polonium. It is also the most easily synthesized polonium isotope. Po, which does not occur naturally, has the longest half-life of all isotopes of polonium at 124 years. Po can be made by using a cyclotron to bombard bismuth with protons, as can Po.

List of isotopes


Nuclide
Historic
name
Z N Isotopic mass (Da)
Half-life
Decay
mode

Daughter
isotope

Spin and
parity
Isotopic
abundance
Excitation energy
Po 84 102 186.004403(20) 28+16
−6 μs
α Pb 0+
Po 84 103 187.003030(40) 1.40(25) ms α Pb 1/2−, 5/2−
Po 4(27) keV 0.5 ms α Pb 13/2+#
Po 84 104 187.999416(21) 270(30) μs α Pb 0+
Po 84 105 188.998473(24) 3.5(5) ms α Pb (5/2−)
Po 84 106 189.995102(14) 2.45(5) ms α Pb 0+
Po 84 107 190.994558(8) 22(1) ms α Pb 3/2−
Po 61(11) keV 93(3) ms α Pb 13/2+
Po 84 108 191.991340(11) 32.2(3) ms α Pb 0+
Po 2294.6(10) keV 580(100) ns IT Po 11−
Po 84 109 192.991062(16) 399(34) ms α Pb 3/2−
Po 100(6) keV 245(11) ms α Pb 13/2+
Po 84 110 193.988186(14) 392(4) ms α Pb 0+
Po 2313.4(3) keV 12.9(5) μs IT Po (10−)
Po 84 111 194.988066(6) 4.64(9) s α (94%) Pb 3/2−
β? Bi
Po 148(9) keV 1.92(2) s α Pb 13/2+
Po 84 112 195.985541(6) 5.56(12) s α (94%) Pb 0+
β? Bi
Po 2493.9(4) keV 856(17) ns IT Po 11−
Po 84 113 196.985622(11) 53.6(9) s β? Bi (3/2−)
α (44%) Pb
Po 196(12)# keV 25.8(1) s α (84%) Pb 13/2+
β? Bi
IT? Po
Po 84 114 197.983389(19) 1.760(24) min α (57%) Pb 0+
β (43%) Bi
Po 2565.92(20) keV 200(20) ns IT Po 11−
Po 2740(50)# keV 750(50) ns IT Po 12+
Po 84 115 198.983666(25) 5.48(16) min β (92.5%) Bi (3/2−)
α (7.5%) Pb
Po 312.0(28) keV 4.17(4) min β (73.5%) Bi 13/2+
α (24%) Pb
IT (2.5%) Po
Po 84 116 199.981799(15) 11.5(1) min β (88.8%) Bi 0+
α (11.1%) Pb
Po 84 117 200.982260(6) 15.3(2) min β (98.4%) Bi 3/2−
α (1.6%) Pb
Po 424.1(24) keV 8.9(2) min IT (56.2(12)%) Po 13/2+
β (41.4(7)%) Bi
α (2.4(5)%) Pb
Po 84 118 201.980758(16) 44.7(5) min β (98%) Bi 0+
α (2%) Pb
Po 2626.7(7) keV >200 ns 11−
Po 84 119 202.981420(28) 36.7(5) min β (99.89%) Bi 5/2−
α (.11%) Pb
Po 641.49(17) keV 45(2) s IT (99.96%) Po 13/2+
α (.04%) Pb
Po 2158.5(6) keV >200 ns
Po 84 120 203.980318(12) 3.53(2) h β (99.33%) Bi 0+
α (.66%) Pb
Po 84 121 204.981203(21) 1.66(2) h β (99.96%) Bi 5/2−
α (.04%) Pb
Po 143.166(17) keV 310(60) ns 1/2−
Po 880.30(4) keV 645 μs 13/2+
Po 1461.21(21) keV 57.4(9) ms IT Po 19/2−
Po 3087.2(4) keV 115(10) ns 29/2−
Po 84 122 205.980481(9) 8.8(1) d β (94.55%) Bi 0+
α (5.45%) Pb
Po 1585.85(11) keV 222(10) ns (8+)#
Po 2262.22(14) keV 1.05(6) μs (9−)#
Po 84 123 206.981593(7) 5.80(2) h β (99.97%) Bi 5/2−
α (.021%) Pb
Po 68.573(14) keV 205(10) ns 1/2−
Po 1115.073(16) keV 49(4) μs 13/2+
Po 1383.15(6) keV 2.79(8) s IT Po 19/2−
Po 84 124 207.9812457(19) 2.898(2) y α (99.99%) Pb 0+
β (.00277%) Bi
Po 84 125 208.9824304(20) 124(3) y α (99.546%) Pb 1/2−
β (.454%) Bi
Po Radium F 84 126 209.9828737(13) 138.376(2) d α Pb 0+ Trace
Po 5057.61(4) keV 263(5) ns 16+
Po Actinium C' 84 127 210.9866532(14) 516(3) ms α Pb 9/2+ Trace
Po 1462(5) keV 25.2(6) s α (99.98%) Pb (25/2+)
IT (.016%) Po
Po 2135.7(9) keV 243(21) ns (31/2−)
Po 4873.3(17) keV 2.8(7) μs (43/2+)
Po Thorium C' 84 128 211.9888680(13) 294.4(8) ns α Pb 0+ Trace
Po 2911(12) keV 45.1(6) s α (99.93%) Pb (18+)
IT (.07%) Po
Po 84 129 212.992857(3) 3.65(4) μs α Pb 9/2+ Trace
Po Radium C' 84 130 213.9952014(16) 164.3(20) μs α Pb 0+ Trace
Po Actinium A 84 131 214.9994200(27) 1.781(4) ms α (99.99%) Pb 9/2+ Trace
β (2.3×10%) At
Po Thorium A 84 132 216.0019150(24) 145(2) ms α Pb 0+ Trace
Po 84 133 217.006335(7) 1.47(5) s α (95%) Pb 5/2+# Trace
β (5%) At
Po Radium A 84 134 218.0089730(26) 3.10(1) min α (99.98%) Pb 0+ Trace
β (.02%) At
Po 84 135 219.01361(16) 10.3(1) min β (71.8%) At 9/2+#
α (28.2%) Pb
Po 84 136 220.0164(18) 40# s
β At 0+
Po 84 137 221.02123(20) 2.2(0.7) min β At 9/2+#
Po 84 138 222.024144(40) 9.1(7.2) min β At 0+
Po 84 139 223.02907(21)# 6# s
β? At 11/2+#
Po 84 140 224.03211(21)# 3# min
β? At 0+
Po 84 141 225.03712(32)# 10# s
β? At 3/2+#
Po 84 142 226.04031(43)# 1# min
β? At 0+
Po 84 143 227.04539(43)# 2# s
β? At 5/2+#
This table header & footer:
  1. Po – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
  5. Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  6. ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  7. ^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  8. Most common isotope
  9. ^ Intermediate decay product of U
  10. ^ Intermediate decay product of U
  11. ^ Intermediate decay product of Th
  12. ^ Intermediate decay product of Np
  13. Theoretically capable of ββ decay to Rn

See also

References

  1. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  2. Carvalho, F.; Fernandes, S.; Fesenko, S.; Holm, E.; Howard, B.; Martin, P.; Phaneuf, P.; Porcelli, D.; Pröhl, G.; Twining, J. (2017). The Environmental Behaviour of Polonium. Technical reports series. Vol. 484. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. p. 22. ISBN 978-92-0-112116-5. ISSN 0074-1914.
  3. Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
  4. "Adopted Levels for Po". NNDC Chart of Nuclides.
General references

Isotope data is sourced in:

  • Isotopic mass, spin and parity
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
  • Half-life
Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017). "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 41 (3): 030001. Bibcode:2017ChPhC..41c0001A. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001.
National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
Isotopes of the chemical elements
Group 1 2   3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Period Hydrogen and
alkali metals
Alkaline
earth metals
Pnicto­gens Chal­co­gens Halo­gens Noble gases
Isotopes § ListH1 Isotopes § ListHe2
Isotopes § ListLi3 Isotopes § ListBe4 Isotopes § ListB5 Isotopes § ListC6 Isotopes § ListN7 Isotopes § ListO8 Isotopes § ListF9 Isotopes § ListNe10
Isotopes § ListNa11 Isotopes § ListMg12 Isotopes § ListAl13 Isotopes § ListSi14 Isotopes § ListP15 Isotopes § ListS16 Isotopes § ListCl17 Isotopes § ListAr18
Isotopes § ListK19 Isotopes § ListCa20 Isotopes § ListSc21 Isotopes § ListTi22 Isotopes § ListV23 Isotopes § ListCr24 Isotopes § ListMn25 Isotopes § ListFe26 Isotopes § ListCo27 Isotopes § ListNi28 Isotopes § ListCu29 Isotopes § ListZn30 Isotopes § ListGa31 Isotopes § ListGe32 Isotopes § ListAs33 Isotopes § ListSe34 Isotopes § ListBr35 Isotopes § ListKr36
Isotopes § ListRb37 Isotopes § ListSr38 Isotopes § ListY39 Isotopes § ListZr40 Isotopes § ListNb41 Isotopes § ListMo42 Isotopes § ListTc43 Isotopes § ListRu44 Isotopes § ListRh45 Isotopes § ListPd46 Isotopes § ListAg47 Isotopes § ListCd48 Isotopes § ListIn49 Isotopes § ListSn50 Isotopes § ListSb51 Isotopes § ListTe52 Isotopes § ListI53 Isotopes § ListXe54
Isotopes § ListCs55 Isotopes § ListBa56 1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLu71 Isotopes § ListHf72 Isotopes § ListTa73 Isotopes § ListW74 Isotopes § ListRe75 Isotopes § ListOs76 Isotopes § ListIr77 Isotopes § ListPt78 Isotopes § ListAu79 Isotopes § ListHg80 Isotopes § ListTl81 Isotopes § ListPb82 Isotopes § ListBi83 Isotopes § ListPo84 Isotopes § ListAt85 Isotopes § ListRn86
Isotopes § ListFr87 Isotopes § ListRa88 1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLr103 Isotopes § ListRf104 Isotopes § ListDb105 Isotopes § ListSg106 Isotopes § ListBh107 Isotopes § ListHs108 Isotopes § ListMt109 Isotopes § ListDs110 Isotopes § ListRg111 Isotopes § ListCn112 Isotopes § ListNh113 Isotopes § ListFl114 Isotopes § ListMc115 Isotopes § ListLv116 Isotopes § ListTs117 Isotopes § ListOg118
Isotopes § ListUue119 Isotopes § ListUbn120
1 asterisk Isotopes § ListLa57 Isotopes § ListCe58 Isotopes § ListPr59 Isotopes § ListNd60 Isotopes § ListPm61 Isotopes § ListSm62 Isotopes § ListEu63 Isotopes § ListGd64 Isotopes § ListTb65 Isotopes § ListDy66 Isotopes § ListHo67 Isotopes § ListEr68 Isotopes § ListTm69 Isotopes § ListYb70  
1 asterisk Isotopes § ListAc89 Isotopes § ListTh90 Isotopes § ListPa91 Isotopes § ListU92 Isotopes § ListNp93 Isotopes § ListPu94 Isotopes § ListAm95 Isotopes § ListCm96 Isotopes § ListBk97 Isotopes § ListCf98 Isotopes § ListEs99 Isotopes § ListFm100 Isotopes § ListMd101 Isotopes § ListNo102
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