| Sarmi-Jayapura | |
|---|---|
| Sarmi-Jayapura Bay | |
| Geographic distribution | Northern Papua |
| Linguistic classification | Austronesian
|
| Proto-language | Proto-Sarmi–Jayapura |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | sarm1241 |
The Sarmi-Jayapura Bay languages consist of half a dozen languages spoken on the northern coast of Papua province of Indonesia:
Ross (1988) had considered Sarmi and Jayapura Bay (Kayapulau, Orma and Tobati) to be separate but related groups. Ross (1988) listed several additional Sarmi languages:
The inclusion of a supposed Yarsun language appears to be due to confusion of language names with island names. No such language is attested; the island is located between that of the Anus and Podena languages, and all three islands are reported to speak dialects of a single language according to the first source to mention it.
With the exception of certain Micronesian languages, the Sarmi–Jayapura languages have the westernmost distribution out of all Oceanic languages.
Sound correspondences
Grace (1971:34–37) published a table of sound correspondences for the Sarmi languages, from which the following forms are gleaned. The languages are arranged from west to east.
| Proto-Oceanic | Sobei | Wakde | Masimasi | Anus | Bonggo | Tarpia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *api 'fire' | yafu | yafu | yeif | af | yap | |
| *isuŋ 'nose' | su- | hiu- | si- | su- | sua- | siwi- |
| *susu 'breast' | sisu- | ihi- | su- | su- | ||
| *ranum 'water' | rani | ranu | ranu | dein | dan | dan |
| *raun 'leaf' | rau | rau | rou | dau | dau | dau |
| *mapine 'woman' | mefne | mafani | mofin | mofin | mupin | |
| *manuk 'bird' | maninetio | mani | mani | mein | man | man |
| *pulu 'feather' | fido | firu | firo | fru | puru | |
| *puaq 'fruit' | afo | afu | afo | fowo | fukwa | pawa |
| *paqoRu 'new' | fefou | afafu | fofou | fieu | pipiu | |
| *patu 'stone' | fati | fati | fati | feit | fiat | payaʔ |
| *pat 'four' | fau | fau | fau | fau | pau | |
| *tolu 'three' | tou | tou | tour | tou | tor | tor |
| *taliŋa 'ear' | tidi- | tiri- | tira- | terne- | təren- | tarni- |
| *taŋis 'cry' | -tan | -tan | -tan | -tein | tənian | -nsin |
| *taumataq 'person' | temto | tamturi | timot | tumuat | tamuʔ | |
| *kutu 'louse' | kute | witi | kut | kut | kuʔ | |
| *kulit 'skin' | wadi | wari | wiri | keri | kru | kuru |
| *qone 'sand' | wane | wane | wane | wen | wen | wen |
| *qasawa 'spouse' | eson | ahun | sawe | sua | tawa |
References
- Lynch, John, Malcolm Ross & Terry Crowley. 2002. The Oceanic languages. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press.
- Yarsun at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2019). "Glottolog". 3.4. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Grace, George W. (1971). Notes on the phonological history of the Austronesian languages of the Sarmi Coast. Oceanic Linguistics 10:11–37.
- Ross, Malcolm (1988). Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian languages of western Melanesia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
- Proto Oceanic basic vocabulary database
| North New Guinea languages | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Sarmi–Jayapura | |||||||||||||||||||
| Schouten |
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| Huon Gulf |
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| Ngero–Vitiaz |
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