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Second Benazir Bhutto Government
29th Cabinet of Pakistan
1993–1996
Date formed	19 October 1993
Date dissolved	5 November 1996
People and organisations
President of Pakistan	Farooq Leghari
Chief of Army Staff	Abdul Waheed Kakar (1993–1995) Jehangir Karamat (1996–1998)
Prime Minister of Pakistan	Benazir Bhutto
Prime Minister of Pakistan's history	2nd Premiership of Benazir Bhutto (1993–1996)
DG-Interservice Intelligence	Javed Ashraf Qazi (1993–1995) Naseem Rana (1996–1998)
Total no. of members	40 (incl. Prime Minister)
Member party	PPP   ANP   PML(J)
Status in legislature	Coalition (Plurality)
Opposition party	PML(N)
Opposition leader	Nawaz Sharif
History
Election	1993 general elections
Legislature terms	10th National Assembly (1993–1996)
Advice and consent	Parliament of Pakistan National Assembly Senate of Pakistan
Incoming formation	Qureshi caretaker government
Outgoing formation	Khalid caretaker government
Predecessor	First Nawaz Sharif government
Successor	Second Nawaz Sharif government

This article is part of a series aboutBenazir Bhutto
Early life Political career Burial Political views Social democracy Charter of Democracy Elections 1988 1990 1993 1997 Prime Minister of Pakistan (First Government Second Government) First Women Bank Midnight Jackal Mehrangate Karachi affair Repression in Karachi Coup d'état attempt Seventh Five-Year Plan Murder of Murtaza Bhutto Corruption scandals Books written Daughter of Destiny: An Autobiography Reconciliation: Islam, Democracy, and the West Assassination Assassination attempt Assassination (reactions) Gallery: Picture, Sound, Video
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The Second Benazir Bhutto government was formed on 19 October 1993, following general elections the same month and dissolved on 5 November 1996 by President Farooq Leghari. During the beginning of her second term Benazir Bhutto entered into a much stronger government than in her first term and had greater experience in administration and civil-military relations. This owing to Peoples Parties governments in Sindh, NWFP (with the ANP) and Punjab (with PML-Jinnah), the election of PPP "loyalist" Farooq Leghari to the presidency, and greater relations with the Army under COAS Abdul Waheed Kakar and DG-ISI Javed Ashraf Qazi, who provided a conduit between the Army Chief and Prime Minister, as Benazir Bhutto respected the army's internal affairs and autonomy in her second term to avoid conflict. However, the government's stability suffered from economic mismanagement, growing instances of ethno-sectarian violence, increasing deadlock with the opposition PML(N), an antagonized upper-judiciary after Bhutto tried to "pack" the High Courts and later a political conflict with the President. The Army (now under Gen Jehangir Karamat) which previously remained neutral became concerned over the "fast deteriorating" economic and law-and-order situation, submitting the President a report warning of "economic disaster".

The last straw came in September 1996 when Bhutto's brother, Murtaza was assassinated following tensions between the two. By mid-October, senior military officials no longer believed the government had the required competence, and therefore supported Farooq Leghari in the political conflict between President and Prime Minister. Prior to this Farooq Leghari had already met with Nawaz Sharif and discussed the dismissal of the government. Confident in military support and to pre-empt a PPP-PML(J) vote of no confidence in Punjab, as well as due to economic conditions the President dismissed the government of Benazir Bhutto on 5 November 1996.

History

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Federal Cabinet

Heads of State and Government

President of Pakistan		Prime Minister of Pakistan
Farooq Leghari 1993–1997			Benazir Bhutto 1993–1996

Cabinet Composition

See also

• Benazir Bhutto
• Farooq Leghari
• History of Pakistan (1947–present)
• Government of Pakistan
• Cabinet of Pakistan
• List of prime ministers of Pakistan
• 1993 Pakistani general election
• 1993 in Pakistan

Notes

1. Against CM Manzoor Wattoo of the PML(Jinnah) who previously broke with the PPP and came into political conflict with the Bhutto government, leading to his dismissal by the governor of Punjab for 'corruption, nepotism and violation of the PPP-PML(J) manifesto.' Leading to another PPP-PML(J) coalition being established under Sardar Arif Nakai. Wattoo lodged an appeal to the Lahore High Court, which later restored his government two days before the dismissal of the second Benazir Bhutto administration.

References

1. Partner, Media Group | Publishing (2017-10-28). "Special Report: Daughter of the East 1988-1990/1993-1996". DAWN.COM. From Dawn's archives. Retrieved 2024-07-11.
2. LaPorte, Robert (1997). "Pakistan in 1996: Starting Over Again". Asian Survey. 37 (2): 118–125. doi:10.2307/2645477. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 2645477.
3. ^ Rizvi 2000, p. 220.
4. ^ Nawaz 2009, p. 474.
5. Ziring 2005, p. 233-234.
6. Khan 2017, p. 425-426.
7. Cloughley 2016, p. 185.
8. Rizvi 2000, p. 221-224.
9. Rizvi 2000, p. 224-225.
10. Talbot 2010, p. 344-345, 349.
11. Talbot 2010, p. 348-349.
12. Nawaz 2009, p. 486.
13. ^ "2nd Term Federal Cabinet under the Premiership Of Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto: FROM 19. 10. 1993 TO 5. 11. 1996" (PDF). Cabinet Secretariat (Pakistan).

Bibliography

• Rizvi, Hasan-Askari (September 1, 2000). Military, State and Society in Pakistan (2000th ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312231934.
• Cloughley, Brian (January 5, 2016). A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections (5th ed.). Carrel Books. ISBN 978-1631440380.
• Ziring, Lawrence (September 5, 2005). Pakistan: At the Crosscurrent of History. Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1851683949.
• Nawaz, Shuja (October 11, 2009). Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195476972.
• Khan, Hamid (2017). Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199407828.
• Talbot, Ian (January 15, 2010). Pakistan: A Modern History (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0230623040.

v t e Federal governments of Pakistan
20th century	Liaquat Nazimuddin Bogra (Ministry of Talents) Muhammad Ali Suhrawardy Chundrigar Noon Ayub (Martial Law) Ayub (Presidency) Yahya Zulfikar (President's Council) Zulfikar I Zulfikar II Zia (Martial Law) Zia (Presidency) (Junejo) Benazir I Jatoi Nawaz I Mazari Qureshi Benazir II Khalid Nawaz II Musharraf (Martial Law)
21st century	Musharraf (Presidency) (Jamali Hussain Aziz) Soomro Gillani Ashraf Khoso Nawaz III Abbasi Mulk Imran Shehbaz I Kakar Shehbaz II
Italics indicate caretaker governments bold indicates the incumbent government ( Brackets ) indicate civilian governments under military rulers

• Pakistani federal ministries
• 1993 establishments in Pakistan
• 1993 elections in Pakistan
• Prime ministers of Pakistan
• Cabinets disestablished in 1996
• Cabinets established in 1993
• Ministries established in 1993