Siege of Antwerp (1814) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Part of the War of the Sixth Coalition | |||||||
'The Allies Taking Possession of Antwerp in 1814'. By Mathieu Ignace van Brée | |||||||
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
French Empire |
United Kingdom Prussia | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Lazare Carnot |
Thomas Graham von Gablenz | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
10,000 |
Jan–Feb: 8,000 Mar–May: 5,000 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown |
Campaign Low Countries 1814 50km
30miles Courtrai4 Bergen op Zoom3 Antwerp Hoogstraten1 The color black indicates the current battle.
The siege of Antwerp took place during the War of the Sixth Coalition and lasted from 14 January 1814 to 4 May 1814.
Background
After the German campaign of 1813, Napoleon had to retreat back across the Rhine. Whereas the two armies of Blücher and Schwarzenberg invaded France and marched on Paris, a third allied army under Bernadotte entered the Low Countries.
In January 1814 Napoleon appointed the old republican Lazare Carnot as governor of Antwerp. The 10,000 men garrison was composed of troops from I Corps, and the Young Guard, including a 500-strong battalion of Irish troops.
Siege
After the French defeat at the Battle of Hoogstraten (11 January 1814), Carnot retreated to the fortified city and the Antwerp Citadel, which was then besieged first by British and up to the end by Prussian forces. The French garrison under Lazare Carnot, aided by a French naval flotilla under Missiessy, resisted the Allied siege and only surrendered the city after Louis XVIII of France signed an armistice upon Napoleon's abdication.
Notes
- ^ Bodart 1908, p. 483.
References
- Bodart, Gaston (1908). Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905). Retrieved 6 June 2021.
Further reading
- Gillet, Jean-Claude (2010). La Marine impériale : Le grand rêve de Napoléon. Bernard Giovanangeli Éditeur. ISBN 9782758700623.
- Smith, Digby (1998). The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book : Actions and Losses in Personnel, Colours, Standards and Artillery, 1792-1815. Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-276-9.
- Tulard, Jean (1999). Napoléon. Fayard. ISBN 2-213-01813-8.
- Tulard, Jean (1999). Dictionnaire Napoléon, vol. A-H. Fayard. ISBN 2-213-60485-1.